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CN105694648B - 耐烃类防火防爆涂料 - Google Patents

耐烃类防火防爆涂料 Download PDF

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CN105694648B
CN105694648B CN201610108988.2A CN201610108988A CN105694648B CN 105694648 B CN105694648 B CN 105694648B CN 201610108988 A CN201610108988 A CN 201610108988A CN 105694648 B CN105694648 B CN 105694648B
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CN105694648A (zh
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张泽江
梅秀娟
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Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security
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    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D151/00Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/18Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
    • C09D5/185Intumescent paints
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/02Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

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Abstract

本发明提供一种耐烃类防火防爆涂料,其组分配合比例按重量份计是:乳胶粉20~60,聚乙烯醇0~20,氢化蓖麻油1~3,聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂15~35,三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐5~13,硼酸锌4~16,改性膨胀蛭石3~6,金红石型纳米二氧化钛0‑2。该涂料不仅耐烃类火灾极限高,而且具有耐爆炸性能,爆炸发生后能完好地粘附在基材上,并使涂膜在爆炸中具有泄压功能,粘接力好、强度高、能经受高低温循环的影响,涂层的耐水性、耐酸碱性、耐盐腐蚀性、耐候性良好,柔韧性优良,不易脱落,贮存稳定,使用寿命长,环保且施工方便,施工成本低,制备工艺简单,能耗低。特别适合于用作户内、户外石化行业中的钢材、铝材以及其他材料的表面涂层。

Description

耐烃类防火防爆涂料
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种防火防爆涂料,特别是涉及一种耐烃类防火防爆涂料。
背景技术:
石化企业发生的火灾多属于典型烃类火灾,烃类火一般比纤维素火升温更快,火焰更为猛烈。在烃类火灾中,设计用于纤维素火的常规防火涂料的有效性在烃类火中只能达60%左右,且在发生烃类火灾时,常常伴随有爆炸发生。中国专利200610091048.3公开了一种无溶剂膨胀型防火涂料,由A、B两组份组成,A组份以环氧树脂作主要成膜物质,加入改性树脂、催化剂、成炭剂、发泡剂、阻燃剂、助熔剂、颜填料、烟雾抑制剂,B组份由颜填料、固化剂、助剂组成。该防火涂料具有防火隔热性能好、粘接力好、强度高、能经受高低温循环的影响,涂层的耐水性、耐酸碱性、耐盐腐蚀性良好,柔韧性优良,不易脱落,贮存稳定,施工方便等特点。但该涂料双组分固含量高、黏度大、双组分现场调合难、涂层流平性差、与金属表面浸润性差,因此导致涂布性差、施工难、质量不易控制,且耐火极限不高。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于克服上述缺点,提供一种耐烃类火灾极限高,防爆性能好,粘接力好、强度高、能经受高低温循环影响,施工方便,且制备方法简单,能耗低的耐烃类火灾防火防爆涂料。
本发明耐烃类火灾防火防爆涂料组份配比按重量份计是:
乳胶粉 20~60,
聚乙烯醇 0~20,
氢化蓖麻油 1~3,
聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂 15~35,
三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐 5~13,
硼酸锌 4~16,
改性膨胀蛭石 3~6,
金红石型纳米二氧化钛 0-2。
其中,乳胶粉的制备方法是,在100g聚丙烯酸乳液(固含量为38%~40%)中加入12g三聚氰胺,4g聚醋酸乙烯酯,于95-100℃温度下搅拌回流2h后,加入6g氧化镁,于70℃温度下搅拌回流2h,得交联乳液,喷雾干燥交联乳液,得乳胶粉;聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂的制备方法是,取浓磷酸0.35mol,聚磷酸0.35mol,山梨糖醇0.1mol,双氰胺1mol及多元醇15mol,均匀混合,于100℃温度下搅拌溶解,保温2~3h,除去多余水分,然后再升温至140℃,保温0.5h,使产生的气体完全逸出,得膨胀后的白色固体产物,再于60℃温度下干燥,研磨,得白色粉末状聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂;改性膨胀蛭石的制备方法是,取膨胀蛭石(细度是80目过筛)质量1%的硅烷偶联剂,用乙酸调节其pH 值为3.5~5.5,加入于110 ℃温度下预热后的膨胀蛭石, 混合后先于40 ℃温度下振荡30 min, 得混合液,再加入混合液质量1%的三乙酯,于100 ℃温度下振荡1 h。得膨胀蛭石母液,再将膨胀蛭石母液于140 ℃温度下真空干燥, 得改性膨胀蛭石。
本发明涂料中的乳胶粉对涂料的性能有重大影响,与其它组分配伍后,既保证了涂层在正常条件下具有各种使用性能,又保证了它在爆炸中具有泄压功能,减少压力对涂层的破坏,并且在火焰灼烧或高温作用下形成不易燃泡沫碳化层的基础物质,对泡沫炭化层起骨架作用;本发明涂料中聚乙烯醇为主要成膜改性剂,能赋予涂料的柔韧性和附着力,还能使涂层在爆炸冲击波的作用下仍能够与基材紧密结合;本发明涂料中添加氢化蓖麻油可改善其流变性能,便于施工成膜;本发明涂料中的聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂是涂料的关键成份之一,它的作用是促进和改进涂层的热分解过程,减少有机物热分解时产生的可燃性焦油、醛、酮等的量,促进不燃性气体的产生,以及高温下形成稳定炭化层;本发明涂料中的三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐在一定温度下释放出不燃性气体,促使体系膨胀发泡阻燃;本发明涂料中的硼酸锌能使涂料在受热成炭的情况下,与涂料中含磷或含硅的物质发生反应,形成一种柔软的或液态的物质,发生膨胀并增加炭化层的强度;本发明涂料中的改性膨胀蛭石使涂料具有泄压功能,与基体具有优异的亲合力;本发明涂料中的金红石型纳米二氧化钛是一种着色力高、热反射系数高、导热系数低、对炭化层能起骨架作用的无机颜料、起填料作用,能增加膨胀层强度。
本发明耐烃类防火防爆涂料的优点在于其一,不仅耐烃类火灾极限高,而且具有耐爆炸性能。其二,保证了涂料在爆炸过程中和爆炸发生后都能完好地粘附在基材上,并使涂膜在爆炸中具有泄压功能。其三,具有粘接力好、强度高、能经受高低温循环影响,涂层的耐水性、耐酸碱性、耐盐腐蚀性良好,柔韧性优良,不易脱落,贮存稳定。其四,耐候性好,能长时间经受空气磨蚀以及环境气候侵袭,在发生火灾时仍能满足要求,且不会加速对钢的腐蚀,较传统膨胀型防火涂料使用寿命长;其五,环保,施工方便,施工成本低,进行静电喷涂施工,一次施工厚度可达2mm。其六,涂料制备工艺简单,能耗低。
具体实施方式:
表1:实施例1~5的组分配合比例(按重量份计):
将上述各组分混合均匀,研磨,80μm过筛,得本发明耐烃类防火防爆涂料。其中,乳胶粉、聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂及改性膨胀蛭石的制备方法如上所述。
实施例的性能测试试验:在预热至60℃的试板上静电喷涂本发明涂料,涂膜于120℃温度下烘烤60min,涂层厚度控制为3mm。试板在温度24℃、湿度70%的恒温恒湿环境中放置24h后进行检测,其性能指标如表2所示。
表2:实施例性能指标表:

Claims (2)

1.一种耐烃类防火防爆涂料,其特征在于组分的配合比例按重量份计是:
乳胶粉 20~60,
聚乙烯醇 0~20,
氢化蓖麻油 1~3,
聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂 15~35,
三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐 5~13,
硼酸锌 4~16,
改性膨胀蛭石 3~6,
金红石型纳米二氧化钛 0-2,
其中,乳胶粉的制备方法是,在100g聚丙烯酸乳液中加入12g三聚氰胺,4g聚醋酸乙烯酯,于95-100℃温度下搅拌回流2h后,加入6g氧化镁,于70℃温度下搅拌回流2h,得交联乳液,喷雾干燥交联乳液,得乳胶粉;聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂的制备方法是,取浓磷酸0.35mol,聚磷酸0.35mol,山梨糖醇0.1mol,双氰胺1mol及多元醇15mol,均匀混合,于100℃温度下搅拌溶解,保温2~3h,除去多余水分,然后再升温至140℃,保温0.5h,使产生的气体完全逸出,得膨胀后的白色固体产物,再于60℃温度下干燥,研磨,得白色粉末状聚多元醇磷酸酯阻燃剂;改性膨胀蛭石的制备方法是,取膨胀蛭石质量1%的硅烷偶联剂,用乙酸调节其pH 值为3.5~5.5,加入于110 ℃温度下预热后的膨胀蛭石, 混合后先于40 ℃温度下振荡30 min, 得混合液,再加入混合液质量1%的三乙酯,于100 ℃温度下振荡1 h,得膨胀蛭石母液,再将膨胀蛭石母液于140 ℃温度下真空干燥, 得改性膨胀蛭石。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐烃类防火防爆涂料,其特征在于聚丙烯酸乳液的固含量为38%~40%,膨胀蛭石的细度是80目过筛。
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CN107459908A (zh) * 2017-08-25 2017-12-12 刘伟 一种试管玻璃防爆涂料及其制备方法
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