CN105359910A - Sowing and breeding method for medicinal Citrus medica - Google Patents
Sowing and breeding method for medicinal Citrus medica Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359910A CN105359910A CN201510769014.4A CN201510769014A CN105359910A CN 105359910 A CN105359910 A CN 105359910A CN 201510769014 A CN201510769014 A CN 201510769014A CN 105359910 A CN105359910 A CN 105359910A
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- 240000004307 Citrus medica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 235000001938 Citrus medica Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001517923 Douglasiidae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001290075 Papilio polytes Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000255947 Papilionidae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001454293 Tetranychus urticae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N (E)-acetamiprid Chemical compound N#C/N=C(\C)N(C)CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 WCXDHFDTOYPNIE-RIYZIHGNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005875 Acetamiprid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005663 Pyridaben Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950008167 abamectin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004495 emulsifiable concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZYHMJXZULPZUED-UHFFFAOYSA-N propargite Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OC1C(OS(=O)OCC#C)CCCC1 ZYHMJXZULPZUED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DWFZBUWUXWZWKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridaben Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1CSC1=C(Cl)C(=O)N(C(C)(C)C)N=C1 DWFZBUWUXWZWKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000270955 Achnatherum calamagrostis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000192 social effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sowing and breeding method for medicinal Citrus medica, and the method comprises selection of a breeding land, soil preparation and bedding, seed selection and collection, sowing, transplantation and field planting, field management, and prevention and control of pests and diseases, etc. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and applicable to large-scale generalization. The method disclosed by the invention is the sowing and breeding method for the medicinal Citrus medica, which has the advantages of low cost, convenient management, green and environment-friendly effects, and integration of medicinal and environment-friendly functions and can effectively improve people's living standards.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the planting of medicinal materials technical field, be specifically related to a kind of sowing and breeding method of medicinal citron.
Background technology
Citron be rutaceae citron or fragrant circle (
citrusmedical. or
citruswilsoniitanak), be plant citron tree and the general designation of medicinal material citron fruit.The medicinal economic worth that citron tool is higher, medicinal citron root, leaf have walking gas, pain relieving, stomach invigorating, helping digestion effect, and citron pulp contains vitamin C, tool anti-cancer, antitumaous effect; Citron is that evergreen species, flowers and fruits fragrance are pleasant, and be the important kind of environmental greening, laudatory title is natural environmental protection type air purifying preparation; Integrate medicinal, environmental protection.The market demand increases gradually in recent years.This mating system to promoting the standardization of citron, large-scale planting has important economy and social effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide " a kind of sowing and breeding method of medicinal citron ", for society provides Chinese medicinal material, improve and purification people living environment.The sowing and breeding method of citron of the present invention is simple, be applicable to spread, be that a kind of cost is low, convenient management, environmental protection, integrate medicinal, environmental protection, the sowing and breeding method of the medicinal citron that can effectively uplift the people's living standard.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of sowing and breeding method of medicinal citron, completes according to the following steps:
(1) choice breeding ground
1) weather conditions
Average temperature of the whole year 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, average annual precipitation 800 ~ 1500mm, annual sunshine duration 2300h, frost-free season is greater than 200d,
2) soil condition
Have abundant water resources, draining is good, below subterranean water level 1m, pH value is loam or the sandy loam of 5.0 ~ 6.5.
(2) whole ground bedding
1) soil, fertilising is ploughed deeply
Before whole ground, first soil deep tillage plough is shone, then uses well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg ~ 3000kg/ mu,
2) whole ground bedding
Plough after fertilising, tilling depth 30cm ~ 40cm, rake carefully flatten, bedding or face, railway carriage or compartment, furrow or railway carriage or compartment face width 1.2m ~ 1.5m, the high or dark 15cm in railway carriage or compartment of furrow.
(3) seed selection is collected seed
1) time
November, after ripe during self falling,
2) collect seed
Citron fruit is cut and takes out seed,
3) seed wets husky Stratificated treatment
Clean, dry, seed is mixed thoroughly in the ratio of 1:3 with wet sand, and under 3 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C conditions, sand at low temperature is hidden and preserved.
(4) sow
1) time
Mid or late Febuary;
2) seeding method
Traverse furrow drilling, furrow open traverse furrow, spacing 20cm ~ 25cm, ditch depth 3cm ~ 5cm;
3) seed treatment
1. disinfection
The selected seed preserved is the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10min ~ 15min of 0.5% by concentration,
2. vernalization
After 30 DEG C of water seed soaking half an hour, in dress wooden box tool, cover straw insulation, trickle;
4) sow
Be sowed in furrow ditch, cover 2cm thin soil, trickle overlay film, by spacing in the rows 10cm ~ 15cm thinning during height of seedling 5cm ~ 6cm,
5) apply fertilizer
Early June becomes thoroughly decomposed muck 500Kg/ every mu, and 8, became thoroughly decomposed between September muck 1500Kg/ every mu, its muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed: water=1:5,
6) weeding
Seedling after breaking ground at interval of 5d ~ 6d weeding once, retain 10% ~ 15% grass family monocotyledon weed, late May and mid-June cultivation uproot, subsequently every 7d ~ 10d weeding once.
(5) transplant planting
1) wholely
To ditch furrow, furrow height 0.3m, wide 2.6m, furrow width 0.4m,
2) cave is opened
Mid or late March opens cave by distance between rows and hills 3m × 3m, dark, the wide each 50cm ~ 60cm in cave,
3) basal dressing
To become thoroughly decomposed the every cave of muck 30kg ~ 40kg/, and hole soil is mixed thoroughly,
4) field planting
Every cave plants the strain of citron seedling 1, and earthing compresses, and waters.
(6) field management
1) intertill and clean tillage
Annual weeding 3 times, the time is: 3, between April, before and after mid-June, after 10 ~ November, citron gathered,
2) rich water quality management
Topdress while annual intertill and clean tillage 3 times, the time is:
Between first time 3, April, apply apart from plant 30cm ~ 40cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 5kg/ of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the every strain of superphosphate 0.5kg/ or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15,
Before and after the Summer Solstice for the second time, apply apart from plant 60cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 10kg/,
Superphosphate 1 kilogram/every strain, the every strain of ash 3kg/ or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15,
Between October ~ November third time, apply apart from plant 80cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 10kg/ or nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15, and water after executing earthing;
3) turk
Citron flowering stage, unnecessary flower and male flower are removed, each brachyplast stays 1 ~ 2;
4) irrigate
Spring, seedling germination period, irrigated in good time.
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest
Main diseases and insect pests has leaf miner, tangerine mandarin orange swallowtail butterfly, Common Mormon, continuous scale insect, aphid, two spotted spider mite,
1) leaf miner, tangerine mandarin orange swallowtail butterfly, Common Mormon
Be that 90% trichlorphon, 1000 times of liquid spray control by concentration,
2) continuous scale insect
Be that 20% acetamiprid EC, 8000 ~ 10000 times of liquid spray control by concentration,
3) aphid, two spotted spider mite
1. rudiment is front is that 73% propargite missible oil, 1200 ~ 1500 times of liquid spray control with 0.8 ~ 1.0 Baume degrees lime sulfur or by concentration,
2. be that 20% pyridaben wetting powder, 2000 times of liquid or 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 2000 ~ 2500 times of liquid spray control by concentration after rudiment.
(8), gather
1) time
Annual 9 ~ October,
2) standard
Diameter is greater than 4cm,
3) process
Divide two lobe crosscuts, paving is shone or a heatable brick bed is done, and moisture content detects qualified packaging and stores and transports.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the sowing and breeding method of citron of the present invention simple, be applicable to spread, be that a kind of cost is low, convenient management, environmental protection, integrate medicinal, environmental protection, for society provides Chinese medicinal material, the sowing and breeding method of the medicinal citron that can effectively uplift the people's living standard.
2, the present invention from choice breeding ground, the bedding of whole ground, seed selection seed collecting, sowing, transplant planting, a series of supporting sowing and breeding methods such as field management and the extermination of disease and insect pest enforcement, realize and reach that the inventive method is simple, cost is low, convenient management, environmental protection, integrate medicinal, environmental protection, the technical purpose of effectively uplifting the people's living standard.
Embodiment
Below by non-limiting example, set forth the present invention further, understand the present invention.
Embodiment
A sowing and breeding method for medicinal citron, completes according to the following steps:
(1) choice breeding ground
1) weather conditions
The subtropical zone that Suitable Area is warm and moist weather, rainfall is plentiful of citron growth.Average temperature of the whole year 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, average annual precipitation 800 ~ 1500mm, annual sunshine duration 2300h, frost-free season is greater than 200d,
2) soil condition
Have abundant water resources, draining be good, below subterranean water level 1m, soil layer is deep, short texture, organic abundant, pH value is loam or the sandy loam of 5.0 ~ 6.5.
(2) whole ground bedding
1) soil, fertilising is ploughed deeply
Before whole ground, first shone by soil deep tillage plough, make its abundant weathering, slaking, then use well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg ~ 3000kg/ mu, its content of organic matter should be greater than 30%.
2) whole ground bedding
Plough after fertilising, tilling depth 30cm ~ 40cm, rake carefully flatten, bedding or face, railway carriage or compartment, furrow or railway carriage or compartment face width 1.2m ~ 1.5m, the high or dark 15cm in railway carriage or compartment of furrow, length is depending on landform, physical features.
(3) seed selection is collected seed
1) time
In November, after ripe during self falling, pericarp is yellow or filemot is seed collecting object.Wild seed seed collecting order is progressively collected seed from low to high according to height above sea level.Artificial planting is collected seed in the selecting and purchasing of high-quality provenance.
2) collect seed
Cut by citron fruit and take out seed, the seed of selection answers full seed, and go mouldy without brown stain, free from insect pests, thousand kernel weight is not less than 180g.
3) seed wets husky Stratificated treatment
Clean, dry, seed is mixed thoroughly in the ratio of 1:3 with wet sand, and under 3 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C conditions, sand at low temperature is hidden and preserved.
(4) sow
1) time
Mid or late Febuary;
2) seeding method
Traverse furrow drilling, furrow open traverse furrow, spacing 20cm ~ 25cm, ditch depth 3cm ~ 5cm;
3) seed treatment
1. disinfection
The selected seed preserved is the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10min ~ 15min of 0.5% by concentration,
2. vernalization
After 30 DEG C of water seed soaking half an hour, in dress wooden box tool, cover straw insulation, every day, trickle, to the abundant expansion crack of seed coat after 2d ~ 3d, was used for sowing during the slight projection of embryo.
4) sow
Be sowed in furrow ditch, cover 2cm thin soil, trickle overlay film, takes off film in time emerging in good time, by spacing in the rows 10cm ~ 15cm thinning during height of seedling 5cm ~ 6cm.
5) apply fertilizer
Early June becomes thoroughly decomposed muck 500Kg/ every mu, and 8, became thoroughly decomposed between September muck 1500Kg/ every mu, its muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed: water=1:5, because seedling is tender, GPRS concentration when topdressing, in case calcination.
6) weeding
Citron should weed out the rank grass seedling stage at any time, and early stage should not use instrument weeding, in order to avoid damage seedling, seedling at interval of 5d ~ 6d weeding once, retains the grass family monocotyledon weed of 10% ~ 15%, to create dark and damp environment after breaking ground; Late May and mid-June cultivation uproot, subsequently every 7d ~ 10d weeding once, within 2 years, non-hibernating eggs seedling field weeding system is identical with annual.
(5) transplant planting
1) wholely
To ditch furrow, furrow height 0.3m, wide 2.6m, furrow width 0.4m,
2) cave is opened
Mid or late March opens cave by distance between rows and hills 3m × 3m, dark, the wide each 50cm ~ 60cm in cave,
3) basal dressing
To become thoroughly decomposed the every cave of muck 30kg ~ 40kg/, and hole soil is mixed thoroughly,
4) field planting
Every cave plants the strain of citron seedling 1, and earthing compresses, and waters.
(6) field management
1) intertill and clean tillage
Annual weeding 3 times, the time is: 3, between April, before and after mid-June, after 10 ~ November, citron gathered,
2) rich water quality management
Topdress while annual intertill and clean tillage 3 times, the time is:
Between first time 3, April, apply apart from plant 30cm ~ 40cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 5kg/ of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the every strain of superphosphate 0.5kg/ or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15, and water after executing earthing;
Before and after the Summer Solstice for the second time, apply apart from plant 60cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 10kg/,
Superphosphate 1 kilogram/every strain, the every strain of ash 3kg/ or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15, and water after executing earthing.
Between October ~ November third time, apply apart from plant 80cm place open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 10kg/ or nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15, and the citron that born fruit is set and must apply fertilizer after citron has been adopted, and water after executing earthing.
3) turk
Citron flowering stage, unnecessary flower and male flower are removed, each brachyplast stays 1 ~ 2; It is comparatively safe that turk selection of time is plucked when bearing young fruit.
4) irrigate
Spring, seedling germination period, irrigated according to local precipitation event in good time.
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest
Insect 1 age ~ 2 instar larvae phases, prevent and treat, main diseases and insect pests has leaf miner, tangerine mandarin orange swallowtail butterfly, Common Mormon, continuous scale insect, aphid, two spotted spider mite in good time.
1) leaf miner, tangerine mandarin orange swallowtail butterfly, Common Mormon
Be that 90% trichlorphon, 1000 times of liquid spray control by concentration,
2) continuous scale insect
Be that 20% acetamiprid EC, 8000 ~ 10000 times of liquid spray control by concentration,
3) aphid, two spotted spider mite
1. rudiment is front is that 73% propargite missible oil, 1200 ~ 1500 times of liquid spray control with 0.8 ~ 1.0 Baume degrees lime sulfur or by concentration,
2. be that 20% pyridaben wetting powder, 2000 times of liquid or 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 2000 ~ 2500 times of liquid spray control by concentration after rudiment.
(8), gather
1) time
Within after the field planting of citron sapling general 3 ~ 4 years, bear fruit, pluck when annual 9 ~ October, skin was bottle green,
2) standard
Diameter is greater than 4cm, and the citron fruit that diameter is less than 4cm can not do medicinal material use.
3) process
Divide two lobe crosscuts, as larger in citron fruit head, for ease of dry or a heatable brick bed do, incision 2 ~ 3 breaches can be intersected vertically downward in citron cross section, notch depth is advisable be no more than the fruit radius of a ball 2/3, drying is upwards convenient in cross section, through moisture content detect qualified after be collected in ventilation, drying, black out storehouse in storing to be packaged.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of sowing and breeding method of medicinal citron, for society provides Chinese medicinal material, improve and purification people living environment.The sowing and breeding method of citron of the present invention is simple, be applicable to spread, be that a kind of cost is low, convenient management, environmental protection, integrate medicinal, environmental protection, the sowing and breeding method of the medicinal citron that can effectively uplift the people's living standard.
Claims (1)
1. a sowing and breeding method for medicinal citron, is characterized in that, complete according to the following steps:
(1) choice breeding ground
1) weather conditions
Average temperature of the whole year 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, average annual precipitation 800 ~ 1500mm, annual sunshine duration 2300h, frost-free season is greater than 200d,
2) soil condition
Have abundant water resources, draining is good, below subterranean water level 1m, pH value is loam or the sandy loam of 5.0 ~ 6.5;
(2) whole ground bedding
1) soil, fertilising is ploughed deeply
Before whole ground, first soil deep tillage plough is shone, then uses well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg ~ 3000kg/ mu,
2) whole ground bedding
Plough after fertilising, tilling depth 30cm ~ 40cm, rake carefully flatten, bedding or face, railway carriage or compartment, furrow or railway carriage or compartment face width 1.2m ~ 1.5m, the high or dark 15cm in railway carriage or compartment of furrow;
(3) seed selection is collected seed
1) time
November, after ripe during self falling,
2) collect seed
Citron fruit is cut and takes out seed,
3) seed wets husky Stratificated treatment
Clean, dry, seed is mixed thoroughly in the ratio of 1:3 with wet sand, and under 3 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C conditions, sand at low temperature is hidden and preserved;
(4) sow
1) time
Mid or late Febuary;
2) seeding method
Traverse furrow drilling, furrow open traverse furrow, spacing 20cm ~ 25cm, ditch depth 3cm ~ 5cm;
3) seed treatment
1. disinfection
The selected seed preserved is the liquor potassic permanganate seed soaking 10min ~ 15min of 0.5% by concentration,
2. vernalization
After 30 DEG C of water seed soaking half an hour, in dress wooden box tool, cover straw insulation, trickle;
4) sow
Be sowed in furrow ditch, cover 2cm thin soil, trickle overlay film, by spacing in the rows 10cm ~ 15cm thinning during height of seedling 5cm ~ 6cm,
5) apply fertilizer
Early June becomes thoroughly decomposed muck 500Kg/ every mu, and 8, became thoroughly decomposed between September muck 1500Kg/ every mu, its muck that becomes thoroughly decomposed: water=1:5,
6) weeding
Seedling after breaking ground at interval of 5d ~ 6d weeding once, retain 10% ~ 15% grass family monocotyledon weed, late May and mid-June cultivation uproot, subsequently every 7d ~ 10d weeding once;
(5) transplant planting
1) wholely
To ditch furrow, furrow height 0.3m, wide 2.6m, furrow width 0.4m,
2) cave is opened
Mid or late March opens cave by distance between rows and hills 3m × 3m, dark, the wide each 50cm ~ 60cm in cave,
3) basal dressing
To become thoroughly decomposed the every cave of muck 30kg ~ 40kg/, and hole soil is mixed thoroughly,
4) field planting
Every cave plants the strain of citron seedling 1, and earthing compresses, and waters;
(6) field management
1) intertill and clean tillage
Annual weeding 3 times, the time is: 3, between April, before and after mid-June, after 10 ~ November, citron gathered,
2) rich water quality management
Topdress while annual intertill and clean tillage 3 times, the time is:
Between first time 3, April, apply apart from plant 30cm ~ 40cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 5kg/ of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the every strain of superphosphate 0.5kg/ or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15,
Before and after the Summer Solstice for the second time, apply apart from plant 60cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 10kg/,
Superphosphate 1 kilogram/every strain, the every strain of ash 3kg/ or nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium is the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15,
Between October ~ November third time, apply apart from plant 80cm place's open loop shape ditch, the every strain of night soil 10kg/ or nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are the every strain of composite fertilizer 1kg/ of 15:15:15, and water after executing earthing;
3) turk
Citron flowering stage, unnecessary flower and male flower are removed, each brachyplast stays 1 ~ 2;
4) irrigate
Spring, seedling germination period, irrigated in good time;
(7) extermination of disease and insect pest
Main diseases and insect pests has leaf miner, tangerine mandarin orange swallowtail butterfly, Common Mormon, continuous scale insect, aphid, two spotted spider mite,
Leaf miner, tangerine mandarin orange swallowtail butterfly, Common Mormon
Be that 90% trichlorphon, 1000 times of liquid spray control by concentration,
Continuous scale insect
Be that 20% acetamiprid EC, 8000 ~ 10000 times of liquid spray control by concentration,
Aphid, two spotted spider mite
1. rudiment is front is that 73% propargite missible oil, 1200 ~ 1500 times of liquid spray control with 0.8 ~ 1.0 Baume degrees lime sulfur or by concentration,
2. be that 20% pyridaben wetting powder, 2000 times of liquid or 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 2000 ~ 2500 times of liquid spray control by concentration after rudiment;
(8), gather
1) time
Annual 9 ~ October,
2) standard
Diameter is greater than 4cm,
3) process
Divide two lobe crosscuts, paving is shone or a heatable brick bed is done, and moisture content detects qualified packaging and stores and transports.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105917950A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Pollution-free and simplified abelmoschus manihot cultivation method |
| CN106171774A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州永旺科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of sausage seedling |
| CN106900205A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-30 | 广东南领药业有限公司 | A kind of ilex pubescens nursery propagation method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704032A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 卢正云 | Method for cultivating new variety of citrons |
| CN104094763A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-15 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Finger citron overwintering cultivation method |
| CN104838946A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-19 | 枞阳县弘阳园林绿化有限公司 | Citron planting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103704032A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-09 | 卢正云 | Method for cultivating new variety of citrons |
| CN104094763A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-15 | 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 | Finger citron overwintering cultivation method |
| CN104838946A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-19 | 枞阳县弘阳园林绿化有限公司 | Citron planting method |
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| 无: "香橼", 《百度百科》 * |
| 柳代善: "香橼丰产栽培管理技术要点", 《现代种业》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105917950A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Pollution-free and simplified abelmoschus manihot cultivation method |
| CN106171774A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 柳州永旺科技有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of sausage seedling |
| CN106900205A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-06-30 | 广东南领药业有限公司 | A kind of ilex pubescens nursery propagation method |
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