CN105158086B - Weak soil presses the method that mechanical property is layered - Google Patents
Weak soil presses the method that mechanical property is layered Download PDFInfo
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- CN105158086B CN105158086B CN201510505472.7A CN201510505472A CN105158086B CN 105158086 B CN105158086 B CN 105158086B CN 201510505472 A CN201510505472 A CN 201510505472A CN 105158086 B CN105158086 B CN 105158086B
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Abstract
The method that mechanical property is layered is pressed the present invention relates to a kind of weak soil, it comprises the following steps：1) vane shear test is carried out in weak soil different depth, dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of record weak soil different depth testing site cuts damagey, and dial gauge full-scale reading R when feeler lever and soil body frictiong；2) the resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body is calculated；3) four-bladed vane constant K is calculated；4) the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body is calculated, and draws Y~h relation scatter diagrams；5) exceptional value in Y~h relation scatter diagrams is rejected；6) according to mechanical property characteristic equation, linear fit is carried out to the remaining testing site of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, pointwise carries out correlation analysis, solution is distributed in the straight line of different depth coefficient correlation highest at least one and its mechanical property characteristic equation, is layered weak soil according to these straight lines and solves the line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer；7) the physical and mechanical properties parameter of each soil layer is solved respectively.
Description
Technical field
Four-bladed vane is utilized the present invention relates to a kind of method of weak soil layering in geotechnology survey and design, more particularly to one kind
The weak soil that shearing test is carried out presses the method that mechanical property is layered.
Background technology
Weak soil typically refers to void ratio more than or equal to 1 and natural moisture content is more than the fine grained soil of liquid limit, soft according to difference
Soil physicochemical properties (such as void ratio, water content, organic matter) classification, it is such soil include mud, muck soil, peat and
Cumulosol etc..
This method classified according to weak soil physicochemical properties has good operability, easily promotes, but point
The physical property of weak soil does not have strict corresponding relation with its mechanical property after class.For example, at adjacent two soil layer void ratio
Respectively 1.4 and 1.6, two kinds of soil layers should be defined as by physical property, but its mechanical property may differ by less, by mechanical property
Matter may be defined as same soil layer；In another example, the void ratio of soil layer, water content may be identical at adjacent two, should determine by physical property
Justice is same soil layer, but the factor such as being constituted by particle is influenceed, and its mechanical property may differ by larger, may be used also by mechanical property
Segment out multiple different soil layers.And as weak soil and its above building basis calculating and design be using mechanical property as according to
According to.Therefore, it is this to be layered first with physicochemical properties, then think by force again this physical layering the soil body have it is identical
Mechanical property, identical mechanics parameter is provided, and the method that the mechanical property of actually same soil layer there may be larger difference,
There is wretched insufficiency in itself.
Therefore, when carrying out prospective design or Depth Study to the dykes and dams and buildings or structures built on weak soil, root first
Weak soil is layered according to the mechanical property of weak soil, other routine tests are then carried out, and then is designed, studies again, with more section
The property learned.But, it currently there are no the method that weak soil layering is carried out according to the mechanical property of weak soil.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, pressing the method that mechanical property is layered it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of weak soil, make weak soil point
Layer result is more scientific.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme：A kind of weak soil presses the method that mechanical property is layered, its
Comprise the following steps：
1) vane shear test is carried out in weak soil different depth using vane shear test equipment, record weak soil is different
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of depth testing site cuts damagey, and vane shear test equipment feeler lever and the soil body
Dial gauge full-scale reading R during frictiongValue；
2) according to step 1) the obtained original state soil layer of weak soil different depth testing site scale full-scale reading R when cutting damageyWith
Scale full-scale reading R when feeler lever rubs with the soil bodygValue, calculate the resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body；
3) four-bladed vane constant K is calculated；
4) according to step 2) the obtained resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body and step 3) obtained four-bladed vane
Constant K, calculates the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body, and draws testing site mechanical characteristics value Y and testing site
Depth h Y~h relation scatter diagrams；
5) reject step 4) draw Y~h relation scatter diagrams in exceptional value；
6) according to mechanical property characteristic equation, the remaining testing site of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value is carried out
Linear fit, and pointwise carries out correlation analysis, solves the coefficient correlation highest at least one for being distributed in weak soil different depth
Bar straight line and its corresponding mechanical property characteristic equation, carry out weak soil according to the distribution of these straight lines and are layered by mechanical property,
And solve the line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer；
7) according to step 6) obtained the mechanical property characteristic equation and the line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer of each soil layer,
The physical and mechanical properties parameter of each soil layer is solved respectively.
The step 1) in carry out vane shear test in weak soil different depth and concretely comprising the following steps：
1. with abrasion drill from earth's surface perforate to testing site, then lower sleeve is to the position of 3~5 times of sleeve diameters below testing site
Put, the depth of testing site is no less than 3~5 times of drilling or casing diameter；
2. the cross wrench of vane shear test equipment is connected into feeler lever one end, is then pressed into soil and extremely tests slowly
Point, feeler lever length and 1/2 four-bladed vane grease head highness and the as depth h of testing site；
3. rotating disk, base, device for measuring force and the dial gauge of measurement steel loop deformation are installed in the feeler lever other end, uniform rotation turns
Disk, makes cross wrench and feeler lever at the uniform velocity be reversed in weak soil, and the dial gauge of steel loop deformation of every revolution measurement and record is read
Number, dial gauge is maximum when the soil body is cut up, and the steel loop deformation reading of record now cuts damage for the original state soil layer of the testing site
Reading Ry；
4. feeler lever is separated with cross wrench, uniform rotation rotating disk makes feeler lever at the uniform velocity be reversed in weak soil, every revolution is surveyed
Steel loop deformation reading of amount and record, until the soil body is cut up, the steel loop deformation reading of record now is the spy of the testing site
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when bar rubs with the soil bodyg；
5. feeler lever and cross wrench are extracted, next testing site is set, repeat step 1.~4.；
6. repeat step 5., until testing untill the testing site of weak soil depth capacity, so as to obtain weak soil different depth
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of testing site cuts damageyDial gauge full-scale reading R when being rubbed with feeler lever and the soil bodygValue.
Distance between the weak soil different depth testing site is between 0.3m~0.5m.
The step 2) in the resistance F calculation formula of the soil body be：
F=C (Ry-Rg)
In formula, C is steel loop coefficient；
The step 3) in four-bladed vane constant K calculation formula be：
K=2R/ π D2(H+D/3
In formula, R is rotating disk radius；H is four-bladed vane grease head highness；D is cross wrench diameter；
The step 4) in the mechanical characteristics value Y calculation formula of the soil body be：
Y=F × K.
The step 5) in reject the principle of exceptional value in Y~h relation scatter diagrams and be：Due to the power of the weak soil higher depth soil body
Learn characteristic value Yj+1It should be greater than the mechanical characteristics value Y of shallower place's soil bodyj, so as the mechanical characteristics value Y of higher depth testing sitej+1It is small
Mechanical characteristics value Y in shallower place testing sitejWhen, then one of both must be exceptional value；According to the two testing sites with it is front and rear
The magnitude relationship of other each testing sites is analyzed, and determines exceptional value and then rejecting.
The step 6) in be with the mechanical property characteristic equation of i-th line correspondences：
Yi=ai×h+bi
In formula, aiRepresent the slope of i-th straight line, biRepresent the intercept of i-th straight line；
The step 6) in solve weak soil different depth straight line and its corresponding mechanical property characteristic equation, and carry out soft
The specific method of soil mechanical properties layering comprises the following steps：
1. according to and second point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value, straight line is determined at first point；
2. the linear dependence of subsequent point and this straight line is analyzed；
If 3. the point is not the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, and is more than etc. with the linear dependence of this straight line
In 90%, then it is assumed that the point also on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point (including) to the point (including) between
This straight line is redefined a little, and repeat step is 2.；If the linear dependence of the point and this straight line is less than 90%,
Think the point not on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point (including) to the institute between the point (not including) a little most
This straight line is determined eventually, and solves the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences, then proceeds by next step；Such as
Really the point is the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, and is more than or equal to 90% with the linear dependence of this straight line, then it is assumed that
The point also on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point (including) to the point (including) between institute a little final determine
This straight line, and the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences is solved, carry out step 5.；
If 4. the point is not the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, one is determined according to the latter point of the point and the point
The new straight line of bar, 2. and 3. and repeat step；If the point is the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, according to the point and this
The former point of point determines a new straight line, and solves the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences, proceeds
Next step；
5. at least one straight line 3. or 4. determined according to above-mentioned steps, is divided at least one layer by weak soil, per straight line
Represent a soil layer；According to the mechanical property characteristic equation for the line correspondences for representing two neighboring soil layer, representative is solved
The intersection point of two neighboring soil layer straight line, the depth of the intersection point is the line of demarcation depth of two neighboring soil layer；
6. the weak soil 5. determined according to step is layered by mechanical property, by earth's surface downwards, to soil layer serial number, then and i-th
Bar line correspondences are i-th of soil layer, hI~i+1Represent the line of demarcation depth of i-th of soil layer and its latter soil layer, hI-1~iTable
Show the line of demarcation depth of i-th of soil layer and its previous soil layer.
The step 7) in the mechanical property parameter of each soil layer that solves include parameters of shear resistant, bearing capacity and the pressure of each soil layer
Contracting modulus,
Wherein, the cohesive strength C of i-th of soil layeriFor：
Ci=Yi(note：H=hI-1~iWhen)
The internalfrictionangleφ of i-th of soil layeriFor：
φi=tan-1(ai/γ)
In formula, Yi(note：H=hI-1~iWhen) it is i-th of soil layer and the mechanical characteristics of its previous soil layer line of demarcation depth
Value, aiFor the slope for the straight line for representing i-th of soil layer, γ is weak soil unit weight.
The present invention is due to taking above technical scheme, and it has advantages below：1st, the present invention proposes a kind of weak soil by power
The method for learning property layering, using vane shear test, realizes and is layered weak soil according to the mechanical property of weak soil, make weak soil
Layering with more science, for follow-up experiment, design and research provide conveniently.2nd, weak soil of the invention presses mechanical property
The method of layering, simple and practical, strong operability can be widely applied to enter the dykes and dams and buildings or structures built on weak soil
In capable prospective design or Depth Study.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that cross wrench and feeler lever are rotated in Soft Soil Layer；
Fig. 2 is weak soil different depth mechanical characteristics equation model result and weak soil layering result schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention proposes a kind of method that weak soil is layered by mechanical property, and it comprises the following steps：
1) vane shear test is carried out in weak soil different depth using vane shear test equipment, record weak soil is different
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of depth testing site cuts damagey, and vane shear test equipment feeler lever 2 with soil
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when body rubsgValue.
Concretely comprising the following steps for vane shear test is carried out in weak soil different depth：
1. with abrasion drill from earth's surface perforate to testing site, then lower sleeve is to the position of 3~5 times of sleeve diameters below testing site
Put, can be damaged with the soil layer below protection test point in vane shear test process middle sleeve；The depth of testing site is not
It should be less than 3~5 times of drilling or casing diameter.
2. as shown in figure 1, the cross wrench 1 of vane shear test equipment is connected into the one end of feeler lever 2, then it is pressed into slowly
To testing site in soil, the length of feeler lever 2 and the height of 1/2 cross wrench 1 and the as depth h of testing site.
3. rotating disk, base, device for measuring force and the dial gauge of measurement steel loop deformation, uniform rotation are installed in the other end of feeler lever 2
Rotating disk, makes cross wrench 1 and feeler lever 2 at the uniform velocity be reversed in weak soil, the percentage of steel loop deformation of every revolution measurement and record
Meter reading, the dial gauge when soil body is cut up, and the steel loop deformation reading of record now cuts damage for the original state soil layer of the testing site
Full-scale reading Ry。
4. feeler lever 2 is separated with cross wrench 1, uniform rotation rotating disk makes feeler lever 2 at the uniform velocity be reversed in weak soil, every revolution
Steel loop deformation reading of measurement and record, until the soil body is cut up, the steel loop deformation reading of record now is the testing site
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when feeler lever 2 rubs with the soil bodyg, this reading represents the mechanical resistance value of feeler lever 2.
5. feeler lever 2 and cross wrench 1 are extracted, next testing site is set, repeat step 1.~4.；
6. repeat step 5., until testing untill the testing site of weak soil depth capacity, so as to obtain weak soil different depth
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of testing site cuts damageyDial gauge full-scale reading R when being rubbed with feeler lever 2 and the soil bodygValue.
It is unsuitable to ensure that the distance between layering precision, weak soil different depth testing site preferably takes 0.3m~0.5m during experiment
More than 1m.Testing site spacing is smaller, then the boundary line position that weak soil is layered by mechanical property is more accurate.
2) friction, R can be produced when cross wrench 1 is rotated with feeler lever 2yCross wrench 1 with the frictional force of feeler lever 2 and, Rg
It is the frictional force of feeler lever 2, both differences are only cross wrench 1 and cut the frictional force for damaging the soil body.According to step 1) obtained weak soil is not
Scale full-scale reading R when cutting damage with the original state soil layer of depth testing siteyScale full-scale reading R when being rubbed with feeler lever 2 and the soil bodygValue,
The resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body is calculated by following formula：
F=C (Ry-Rg) (1)
In formula, C is steel loop coefficient.
3) four-bladed vane constant K is calculated by following formula：
K=2R/ π D2(H+D/3) (2)
In formula, R is rotating disk radius；H is the height of cross wrench 1；D is the diameter of cross wrench 1.
4) according to step 2) the obtained resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body and step 3) obtained four-bladed vane
Constant K, calculates the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body, and draws testing site mechanical characteristics value Y and testing site
Depth h Y~h relations scatter diagram (as shown in Figure 2).
The mechanical characteristics value Y of j-th of testing sitejCalculation formula be：
Yj=Fj×K (3)
In formula, FjFor the resistance of j-th of testing site.
5) reject step 4) draw Y~h relation scatter diagrams in exceptional value.
The principle of rejecting abnormalities value is：Due to the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil higher depth soil bodyj+1It should be greater than shallower place's soil body
Mechanical characteristics value Yj, so as the mechanical characteristics value Y of higher depth testing sitej+1Less than the mechanical characteristics value Y of shallower place testing sitej
When, then one of both must be exceptional value；Divided according to the magnitude relationship of the two testing sites and other front and rear each testing sites
Analysis, determines exceptional value and then rejecting.
It should be noted that remaining testing site is more after rejecting abnormalities value, then weak soil presses the line of demarcation that mechanical property is layered
Position is more accurate.
6) each soil layer mechanical property characteristic equation and the line of demarcation depth of adjacent soil layer are solved.
Linear fit is carried out to the remaining testing site of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value, and pointwise carries out correlation
Analysis, solves the straight line of coefficient correlation highest at least one for being distributed in weak soil different depth and its corresponding mechanical property is special
Equation is levied, carry out weak soil according to the distribution of these straight lines is layered by mechanical property, and it is deep to solve the line of demarcation of adjacent two soil layer
Degree.
The mechanical property characteristic equation of i-th line correspondences is expressed as：
Yi=ai×h+bi (4)
In formula, aiRepresent the slope of i-th straight line, biRepresent the intercept of i-th straight line.
Weak soil different depth straight line and its corresponding mechanical property characteristic equation are solved, and carries out weak soil mechanical property point
The specific method of layer comprises the following steps：
1. according to and second point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value, straight line is determined at first point.
2. the linear dependence of subsequent point and this straight line is analyzed.
If 3. the point is not the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, and is more than etc. with the linear dependence of this straight line
In 90%, then it is assumed that the point also on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point (including) to the point (including) between
This straight line is redefined a little, and repeat step is 2.；If the linear dependence of the point and this straight line is less than 90%,
Think the point not on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point (including) to the institute between the point (not including) a little most
This straight line is determined eventually, and solves the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences, then proceeds by next step；Such as
Really the point is the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, and is more than or equal to 90% with the linear dependence of this straight line, then it is assumed that
The point also on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point (including) to the point (including) between institute a little final determine
This straight line, and the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences is solved, carry out step 5..
If 4. the point is not the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, one is determined according to the latter point of the point and the point
The new straight line of bar, 2. and 3. and repeat step；If the point is the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, according to the point and this
The former point of point determines a new straight line, and solves the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences, proceeds
Next step.
5. at least one straight line 3. or 4. determined according to above-mentioned steps, is divided at least one layer by weak soil, per straight line
Represent a soil layer；According to the mechanical property characteristic equation for the line correspondences for representing two neighboring soil layer, representative is solved
The intersection point of two neighboring soil layer straight line, the depth of the intersection point is the line of demarcation depth of two neighboring soil layer.
6. the weak soil 5. determined according to step is layered by mechanical property, by earth's surface downwards, to soil layer serial number, then and i-th
Bar line correspondences are i-th of soil layer, hI~i+1Represent the line of demarcation depth of i-th of soil layer and its latter soil layer, hI-1~iTable
Show the line of demarcation depth of i-th of soil layer and its previous soil layer.
If also having the testing datas such as drilling core or static sounding to the soft soil area, it may also be used for this method
Weak soil is verified by mechanical property layering result.
7) according to step 6) obtained the mechanical property characteristic equation and the line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer of each soil layer,
The physical and mechanical properties parameter of each soil layer is solved respectively.
According to step 6) the mechanical property characteristic equation of each soil layer that solves, the shearing resistance ginseng of each soil layer can be calculated
Number：
The cohesive strength of i-th of soil layer is：Ci=Yi(note：H=hI-1~iWhen) (5)
The internal friction angle of i-th of soil layer is：φi=tan-1(ai/γ) (6)
In formula, Yi(note：H=hI-1~iWhen) it is i-th of soil layer and the mechanical characteristics of its previous soil layer line of demarcation depth
Value, γ is weak soil unit weight.
According to related specifications or empirical equation, based on the result being layered by weak soil by mechanical property, each soil can be solved
The mechanics parameters such as bearing capacity, the modulus of compressibility of layer.
According to design needs, based on the result being layered by weak soil by mechanical property, weak soil unit weight, moisture content can be carried out
Counted Deng routine test, and according to the depth bounds of each soil layer.
Institute of the present invention according to principle be；Experiment shows that soft soil classifiction mechanical characteristics value has with depth increase
Good linear relationship, soil layer of the different depth interval with identical shearing strength mechanical property can use a mechanical property spy
Equation expression is levied, the characteristic equation of the soil layer with different shearing strength mechanical properties then differs, therefore can will be soft
Soil is by mechanical property layering.As shown in Fig. 2 illustrating the weak soil of the present invention by mechanical property below with a specific embodiment
The method of layering：
1) vane shear test is carried out in weak soil different depth, the original state soil layer of record weak soil different depth testing site is cut
Dial gauge full-scale reading R during damageyDial gauge full-scale reading R when being rubbed with feeler lever 2 and the soil bodygValue.
2) according to step 1) the obtained original state soil layer of different depth testing site dial gauge full-scale reading R when cutting damageyAnd spy
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when bar 2 rubs with the soil bodygValue, calculates the resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body.
3) four-bladed vane constant K is calculated.
4) according to step 2) the obtained resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body and step 3) obtained four-bladed vane
Constant K, calculates the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body, and draws mechanical characteristics value Y and depth h Y~h
Relation scatter diagram.
5) step 4 is rejected) exceptional value in Y~h relation scatter diagrams for drawing, as shown in Fig. 2 point A and point B are exception
Value point.
6) according to mechanical property characteristic equation, the remaining testing site of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value is carried out
Linear fit, and pointwise carries out correlation analysis, solve be distributed in weak soil different depth coefficient correlation highest three it is straight
Line and its mechanical property characteristic equation, are divided into three soil layers according to this three straight lines by weak soil.
Three straight lines and three soil layers are respectively：
Straight line：Y1=2.50+0.70h, labeled as the 1st soil layer；
Article 2 straight line：Y2=2.20+0.83h, labeled as the 2nd soil layer；
Article 3 straight line：Y3=-1.68+1.40h, labeled as the 3rd soil layer.
According to first and the mechanical property characteristic equation of Article 2 straight line, solve between the 1st soil layer and the 2nd soil layer
Line of demarcation depth be h1~2=2.31m；According to Article 2 and the mechanical property characteristic equation of Article 3 straight line, the 2nd is solved
Line of demarcation depth between soil layer and the 3rd soil layer is h2~3=6.81m.
Each soil layer line of demarcation depth is verified according to other testing datas, it is believed that rationally.
7) according to step 6) the obtained line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer, it is known that the depth bounds of the 2nd soil layer is
2.31m~6.81m, the cohesive strength for calculating the 2nd soil layer is C2=4.12KPa, internal friction angle is φ2=2.97 °；Can also basis
Related specifications try to achieve other mechanics parameters such as bearing capacity, the modulus of compressibility of the 2nd soil layer；Can also by this mechanics layering based on,
Carry out other routine tests.
The various embodiments described above are merely to illustrate the present invention, wherein the structure of each part, set location and its connected mode etc.
It can all be varied from, every equivalents carried out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement should not be arranged
In addition in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of weak soil presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it comprises the following steps：
1) vane shear test is carried out in weak soil different depth using vane shear test equipment, records weak soil different depth
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of testing site cuts damagey, and vane shear test equipment feeler lever and soil body friction
When dial gauge full-scale reading RgValue；
2) according to step 1) the obtained original state soil layer of weak soil different depth testing site scale full-scale reading R when cutting damageyWith feeler lever with
Scale full-scale reading R when the soil body rubsgValue, calculate the resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body；
3) four-bladed vane constant K is calculated；
4) according to step 2) the obtained resistance F of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body and step 3) obtained four-bladed vane constant
K, calculates the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil different depth testing site soil body, and draws testing site mechanical characteristics value Y and testing site depth
H Y~h relation scatter diagrams；
5) reject step 4) draw Y~h relation scatter diagrams in exceptional value；
6) according to mechanical property characteristic equation, the remaining testing site of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value is carried out linearly
Fitting, and pointwise carry out correlation analysis, solve be distributed in weak soil different depth coefficient correlation highest at least one it is straight
Line and its corresponding mechanical property characteristic equation, carry out weak soil according to the distribution of these straight lines and are layered by mechanical property, and ask
Solve the line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer；
7) according to step 6) obtained the mechanical property characteristic equation and the line of demarcation depth of adjacent two soil layer of each soil layer, respectively
Solve the physical and mechanical properties parameter of each soil layer.
2. weak soil as claimed in claim 1 press mechanical property be layered method, it is characterised in that the step 1) in weak soil
Different depth carries out concretely comprising the following steps for vane shear test：
1. with abrasion drill from earth's surface perforate to testing site, then lower sleeve is to the position of 3~5 times of sleeve diameters below testing site,
The depth of testing site is no less than 3~5 times of drilling or casing diameter；
2. the cross wrench of vane shear test equipment is connected into feeler lever one end, is then pressed into testing site in soil, visits slowly
Pole length and 1/2 four-bladed vane grease head highness and the as depth h of testing site；
3. rotating disk, base, device for measuring force are installed in the feeler lever other end and measure the dial gauge that steel loop is deformed, uniform rotation rotating disk,
Cross wrench and feeler lever is set at the uniform velocity to be reversed in weak soil, the percentage meter reading of steel loop deformation of every revolution measurement and record,
The dial gauge full-scale reading when soil body is cut up, and the steel loop deformation reading of record now cuts damage for the original state soil layer of the testing site
Ry；
4. feeler lever is separated with cross wrench, uniform rotation rotating disk makes feeler lever at the uniform velocity be reversed in weak soil, every revolution measurement and
Record steel loop deformation reading, until the soil body is cut up, the steel loop deformation reading of record now for the testing site feeler lever with
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the soil body rubsg；
5. feeler lever and cross wrench are extracted, next testing site is set, repeat step 1.~4.；
6. 5. repeat step, until testing untill the testing site of weak soil depth capacity, is tested so as to obtain weak soil different depth
Dial gauge full-scale reading R when the original state soil layer of point cuts damageyDial gauge full-scale reading R when being rubbed with feeler lever and the soil bodygValue.
3. weak soil as claimed in claim 2 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the weak soil different depth examination
Distance between testing a little is between 0.3m~0.5m.
4. the weak soil as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step 2) in
The resistance F of soil body calculation formula is：
F=C (Ry-Rg)
In formula, C is steel loop coefficient；
The step 3) in four-bladed vane constant K calculation formula be：
K=2R/ π D2(H+D/3)
In formula, R is rotating disk radius；H is four-bladed vane grease head highness；D is cross wrench diameter；
The step 4) in the mechanical characteristics value Y calculation formula of the soil body be：
Y=F × K.
5. the weak soil as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step 5) in
Rejecting the principle of exceptional value in Y~h relation scatter diagrams is：Due to the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil higher depth soil bodyj+1Should be greater than compared with
The mechanical characteristics value Y of shallow place's soil bodyj, so as the mechanical characteristics value Y of higher depth testing sitej+1Less than the power of shallower place testing site
Learn characteristic value YjWhen, then one of both must be exceptional value；According to the size of the two testing sites and other front and rear each testing sites
Relation is analyzed, and determines exceptional value and then rejecting.
6. weak soil as claimed in claim 4 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step 5) middle rejecting Y
The principle of exceptional value is in~h relation scatter diagrams：Due to the mechanical characteristics value Y of the weak soil higher depth soil bodyj+1It should be greater than shallower place's soil
The mechanical characteristics value Y of bodyj, so as the mechanical characteristics value Y of higher depth testing sitej+1Less than the mechanical characteristics of shallower place testing site
Value YjWhen, then one of both must be exceptional value；Entered according to the magnitude relationship of the two testing sites and other front and rear each testing sites
Row analysis, determines exceptional value and then rejecting.
7. weak soil as claimed in claim 1 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step 6) in i-th
The mechanical property characteristic equation of bar line correspondences is：
Yi=ai×h+bi
In formula, aiRepresent the slope of i-th straight line, biRepresent the intercept of i-th straight line；
The step 6) in solve weak soil different depth straight line and its corresponding mechanical property characteristic equation, and carry out weak soil power
The specific method for learning property layering comprises the following steps：
1. according to and second point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams after rejecting abnormalities value, straight line is determined at first point；
2. the linear dependence of subsequent point and this straight line is analyzed；
If 3. the point is not the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, and be more than or equal to the linear dependence of this straight line
90%, then it is assumed that the point is also on this straight line, according to the first of this straight line point to redefining a little between the point
This straight line, and repeat step is 2.；If the linear dependence of the point and this straight line is less than 90%, then it is assumed that the point is not at this
On bar straight line, according to the first of this straight line point between the point but not including this straight line that a little finally determines of the point,
And the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences is solved, then proceed by next step；Closed if the point is Y~h
It is the last point of scatter diagram, and is more than or equal to 90% with the linear dependence of this straight line, then it is assumed that the point is also straight in this
On line, according to the first of this straight line point to this straight line that a little finally determines between the point, and this straight line is solved
5. corresponding mechanical property characteristic equation, carry out step；
If 4. the point is not the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, one is determined newly according to the latter point of the point and the point
Straight line, 2. and 3. and repeat step；If the point is the last point of Y~h relation scatter diagrams, according to the point and the point
Former point determines a new straight line, and solves the mechanical property characteristic equation of this line correspondences, proceeds next
Step；
5. at least one straight line 3. or 4. determined according to above-mentioned steps, is divided at least one layer by weak soil, is generation per straight line
One soil layer of table；According to the mechanical property characteristic equation for the line correspondences for representing two neighboring soil layer, solve represent it is adjacent
The intersection point of two soil layer straight lines, the depth of the intersection point is the line of demarcation depth of two neighboring soil layer；
6. the weak soil 5. determined according to step is layered by mechanical property, by earth's surface downwards, to soil layer serial number, then i-th it is straight
Corresponding line is i-th of soil layer, hI~i+1Represent the line of demarcation depth of i-th of soil layer and its latter soil layer, hI-1~iRepresent the
The line of demarcation depth of i soil layer and its previous soil layer.
8. the weak soil as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 or 7 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step
The mechanical property parameter of rapid 7) the middle each soil layer solved includes parameters of shear resistant, bearing capacity and the modulus of compressibility of each soil layer,
Wherein, the cohesive strength C of i-th of soil layeriFor：
Ci=Yi；H=hI-1~i
The internalfrictionangleφ of i-th of soil layeriFor：
φi=tan-1(ai/γ)
In formula, YiFor the mechanical characteristics value of i-th of soil layer and its previous soil layer line of demarcation depth, hI-1~iRepresent i-th of soil
The line of demarcation depth of layer and its previous soil layer, aiFor the slope for the straight line for representing i-th of soil layer, γ is weak soil unit weight.
9. weak soil as claimed in claim 4 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step 7) middle solution
The mechanical property parameter of each soil layer includes parameters of shear resistant, bearing capacity and the modulus of compressibility of each soil layer,
Wherein, the cohesive strength C of i-th of soil layeriFor：
Ci=Yi；H=hI-1~i
The internalfrictionangleφ of i-th of soil layeriFor：
φi=tan-1(ai/γ)
In formula, YiFor the mechanical characteristics value of i-th of soil layer and its previous soil layer line of demarcation depth, hI-1~iRepresent i-th of soil
The line of demarcation depth of layer and its previous soil layer, aiFor the slope for the straight line for representing i-th of soil layer, γ is weak soil unit weight.
10. weak soil as claimed in claim 5 presses the method that mechanical property is layered, it is characterised in that the step 7) middle solution
The mechanical property parameter of each soil layer include parameters of shear resistant, bearing capacity and the modulus of compressibility of each soil layer,
Wherein, the cohesive strength C of i-th of soil layeriFor：
Ci=Yi；H=hI-1~i
The internalfrictionangleφ of i-th of soil layeriFor：
φi=tan-1(ai/γ)
In formula, YiFor the mechanical characteristics value of i-th of soil layer and its previous soil layer line of demarcation depth, hI-1~iRepresent i-th of soil
The line of demarcation depth of layer and its previous soil layer, aiFor the slope for the straight line for representing i-th of soil layer, γ is weak soil unit weight.
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