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CN102607965A - Double-cross detector and testing method for testing shearing strength values of soil mass in situ - Google Patents

Double-cross detector and testing method for testing shearing strength values of soil mass in situ Download PDF

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CN102607965A
CN102607965A CN2012100639961A CN201210063996A CN102607965A CN 102607965 A CN102607965 A CN 102607965A CN 2012100639961 A CN2012100639961 A CN 2012100639961A CN 201210063996 A CN201210063996 A CN 201210063996A CN 102607965 A CN102607965 A CN 102607965A
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shear
plate
soil body
web member
strength value
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CN102607965B (en
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温文峰
孙树林
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

The invention relates to an instrument for testing the shearing strength values of a soil mass in situ, and belongs to the technical field of rock and soil engineering. One-way bearings comprise an upper one-way bearing and a lower one-way bearing, and connectors comprise an upper connector and a lower connector; the longitudinal sections of the upper connector and the lower connector are funnel-shaped, one wider ends of the upper connector and the lower connector are respectively fixed together with the upper one-way bearing and the lower one-way bearing, and the upper connector is sleeved on the outer side of the lower connector; and shearing plates are divided into an upper shearing plate and a lower shearing plate, the cross sections of the shearing plates are crossed, and the upper shearing plate and the lower shearing plate are respectively fixed together with the upper connector and the lower connector. Through the instrument, the shearing strength values of the soil mass in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be respectively measured, and the defect that the conventional cross plate shearing instrument cannot separate the two shearing strength values is overcome. By separating the shearing strength values in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the testing precision of the in-situ shearing strength values of the soil mass is improved.

Description

The diesis detector and the method for testing that are used for in-situ test soil shear strength value
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of instrument that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value, relates to a kind ofly by the diesis shear plate that two identical four-bladed vanes are formed and shear direction is opposite, and this instrument can test out the shearing strength value of soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively.Belong to the Geotechnical Engineering technical field.
Background technology
The shear strength test of the soil body mainly contains direct shear test, triaxial test, torsion shear test, unconfined compression strength test and vane shear test etc. at present.Preceding four kinds of tests all belong to shop experiment, need soil sampling to carry out, and fetch earth and inevitably soil sample are carried out disturbance, influence test accuracy.Vane shear test belongs to home position testing method, and can avoid the fetching earth influence of disturbance of this method is suitable for the original position undrained shear strength of the saturated cohesive soil of on-site measurement, and it has simple, the easy to operate advantage of Instrument structure, in engineering construction, is widely used.But for the soil body; Owing to receive different or anisotropic influence of the degree of consolidation; Generally speaking in the horizontal direction with vertical direction on the shearing strength value be unequal; And vane shear test is made identical numerical value the shearing strength of soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction is worthwhile in shearing strength value computation process, so its computing method are not strict, and this is a weak point of four-bladed vane boxshear apparatus.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency that the present invention is directed to above-mentioned instrument and test method provides a kind of diesis detector and method of testing that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value of the present invention comprises the gear torque force device, torque-measuring apparatus, rotating shaft, unilateral bearing, web member, shear plate; Described gear torque force device drives rotating shaft; The axle body place near the bottom of rotating shaft fixedly is nested with unilateral bearing; Shear plate links to each other with rotating shaft with web member through unilateral bearing, and unilateral bearing comprises unilateral bearing and following unidirectional bearing, and web member comprises upper connector and following web member; The longitudinal section funneling of described upper connector and following web member, an end of upper connector and following web member broad respectively with last unilateral bearing, time unidirectional bearing fixing, upper connector is nested with in the outside of web member down; Shear plate is divided into shear plate and down cut plate and xsect across, and last shear plate and down cut plate are fixed with upper connector, following web member respectively.
The diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value of the present invention, last unilateral bearing is in the opposite direction with relatively rotating of following unidirectional bearing.
The diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value of the present invention, the center of last shear plate is cylindrical, is connected with upper connector and is nested with descending the web member outside.
The diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value of the present invention, the equal and opposite in direction of last shear plate and down cut plate.
The diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value of the present invention, last shear plate and down cut plate are neighbouring.
The diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value of the present invention also comprises nose cone, and described nose cone is arranged in the lower end, center of down cut plate.
The detection method that is used for the diesis detector of the in-situ test soil body of the present invention, method is following:
1), assembling instrument: two shear plate alignment up and down are pressed in the test soil body;
2), start instrument and once test: the gear torque force device applies through rotating shaft and a certainly makes rotating shaft towards one to rotation to moment of torsion, drives a four-bladed vane through one group of unilateral bearing the soil body is sheared;
3), measure the absolute value M that puts on the moment of torsion on the shear plate when soil body is broken through torque-measuring apparatus 1
4), starting instrument carries out the secondary experiment: the gear torque force device applies the opposite direction moment of torsion through rotating shaft rotates rotating shaft in the opposite direction, drives another piece four-bladed vane through another group unilateral bearing the soil body is sheared;
5), measure the absolute value M that puts on the moment of torsion on the shear plate when soil body is broken through torque-measuring apparatus 2
6), through following formula:
ΔM=M 1-M 2
Calculate soil body moment of resistance that shear stress produced on a surface level when breaking, and then find the solution the shearing strength value on the horizontal direction;
7) the following formula of moment of resistance Δ M substitution on the horizontal direction that, step 6 is calculated:
M 3=M 1-2ΔM
Calculate soil body moment of resistance that shear stress produced on vertical plane when breaking, and then find the solution the shearing strength value on the vertical direction.
Beneficial effect
The present invention can determine the shearing strength value of soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively, and having overcome conventional four-bladed vane boxshear apparatus can not be with the two deficiency of separating.The present invention has improved the measuring accuracy of soil in-situ shearing strength value through separating the shearing strength value of soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction.The present invention has realized the in-situ test of the anisotropy soil body, has overcome the shortcoming of shop experiment complicated operation with the disturbance of fetching earth.The present invention can be used as the new method of anisotropy soil body research, fills up the blank that anisotropic soil embodies field characteristic research.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be diesis shear plate structure of the present invention and with rotation axis web member synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a web member structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a monolithic cross shear plate synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a cross shear plate cross-sectional view of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the hollow cylinder soil body shape figure that monolithic shear plate of the present invention is broken;
Fig. 7 is with the present invention's soil body undrained shear strength of being tested variation diagram with the degree of depth that makes an experiment in the A test site;
Fig. 8 is with the present invention's soil body undrained shear strength of being tested variation diagram with the degree of depth that makes an experiment in the B test site;
Among the figure: the 1st, gear torque force device, the 2nd, torque-measuring apparatus, the 3rd, rotating shaft, the 4th, unilateral bearing, the 5th, web member; The 6th, shear plate, the 7th, last shear plate, the 8th, down cut plate, the 9th, last unilateral bearing; The 10th, following unidirectional bearing, the 11st, upper connector, the 12nd, following web member, the 13rd, nose cone.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to further explain of the present invention:
As shown in the figure: a kind of diesis detector that is used for the in-situ test soil body comprises gear torque force device 1, torque-measuring apparatus 2, rotating shaft 3; Unilateral bearing 4, web member 5, shear plate 6, last shear plate 7; Down cut plate 8, last unilateral bearing 9, following unidirectional bearing 10; Upper connector 11, following web member 12, nose cone 13.
Gear torque force device 1 drives rotating shaft 3; The axle body place near the bottom of rotating shaft 3 fixedly is nested with unilateral bearing 4; Shear plate 6 links to each other with rotating shaft 3 with web member 5 through unilateral bearing 4, and unilateral bearing 4 comprises unilateral bearing 9 and following unidirectional bearing 10, and web member 5 comprises upper connector 11 and following web member 12.The longitudinal section funneling of upper connector 11 and following web member 12, an end of upper connector 11 and following web member 12 broads are fixed with last unilateral bearing 9, down unidirectional bearing 10 respectively, and upper connector 11 is nested with the outside at following web member 12; Shear plate 6 is divided into shear plate 7 and down cut plate 8 and xsect across, and last shear plate 7 is fixed with upper connector 11, following web member 12 respectively with down cut plate 8.Last unilateral bearing 9 is in the opposite direction with relatively rotating of following unidirectional bearing 10.The center of last shear plate 7 is cylindrical, is connected with upper connector 11 and is nested with descending web member 12 outsides.The equal and opposite in direction of last shear plate 7 and down cut plate 8.Last shear plate 7 is neighbouring with down cut plate 8.Nose cone 13 is arranged in the lower end, center of down cut plate 8.
The detection method that is used for the diesis detector of in-situ test soil shear strength value; Shear plate through two adjacent block sizes are identical is successively sheared the soil body; Making is had a common shear surface by the soil body of being broken twice; Go out the shear stress moment of resistance of soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction by the torque arithmetic of this twice shear test, and then find the solution the shearing strength value of horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively.Method is following:
The first step; Up and down two shear plates alignment are pressed in the test soil body, apply a certain to moment of torsion make rotating shaft towards one to rotation; Drive a four-bladed vane through one group of unilateral bearing the soil body is sheared, measure the absolute value M that puts on the moment of torsion on the shear plate when soil body is broken through torque-measuring apparatus 1
Second step applied the opposite direction moment of torsion rotating shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, drives another piece four-bladed vane through another group unilateral bearing the soil body is sheared, and measured the absolute value M that puts on the moment of torsion on the shear plate when soil body is broken through torque-measuring apparatus 2
The soil body of being broken for the first time has a common shear surface with the soil body of being broken for the second time, the difference in torque of the twice shear test moment of resistance that shear stress produced on this common shear surface that is exactly the soil body when breaking.
If the shearing strength value of soil body horizontal direction is τ 1, the shearing strength value of vertical direction is τ 2It is a, the wide D of being that monolithic is sheared plate hight; The pipe diameter at shear plate center is d (like Fig. 5); The soil body of then being broken by individual plates is a hollow cylinder (like Fig. 6); The interior diameter of this hollow cylinder soil body equates that with the pipe diameter d at shear plate center overall diameter equates that with the width D of shear plate height equates with the height a of shear plate.
The moment of resistance that shear stress the produced when soil body is broken on a surface level does
ΔM=M 1-M 2 (1)
The moment of resistance that shear stress the produced when soil body is broken on vertical plane does
M 3=M 1-2ΔM=2M 2-M 1 (2)
On vertical plane, the shearing strength value was τ when the soil body was broken 2, then have,
M 3=πD(D/2)aτ 2 (3)
That is,
τ 2=2M 3/(πD 2a) (4)
On surface level, the shearing stress distribution function when establishing the soil body and breaking on it is τ=f (τ 1), have,
ΔM = ∫ 0 2 π ∫ d / 2 D / 2 f ( τ 1 ) · r · rdrdθ - - - ( 5 )
Be designated as,
ΔM=g(τ 1) (6)
The computing of utilization inverse function can get,
τ 1=g -1(ΔM) (7)
If d is far smaller than D, then can treat hollow cylinder as solid cylinder, calculate to simplify.If the shear stress the when soil body is broken on the surface level is linear distribution, circle centre position is zero, and the circumference place is a maximal value, i.e. the shearing strength value τ of horizontal direction 1, then have:
ΔM=πD 3τ 1/16 (8)
,
τ 1=16ΔM/(πD 3) (9)
Through above test and calculating, just can calculate the shearing strength value τ of soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction easily 1And τ 2
Embodiment 1
Carry out the soil in-situ shear test in the A test site, the four-bladed vane specification is: monolithic plate hight 30mm, wide 90mm; Depth-width ratio is 1: 3, and the pipe diameter at shear plate center is 11.5mm, and this pilot region soil property is a mud; The testing site spacing is 1m (every 1m does single test), τ 1(shear stress in the calculating on the hypothesis surface level is linear distribution, and circle centre position is zero, and the circumference place is maximal value τ for the horizontal shearing strength value with the inventive method test 1), τ 2Be the vertical shearing strength value with the inventive method test, τ 3For utilizing the shearing strength value of conventional four-bladed vane boxshear apparatus in the test of next door, afore-mentioned test place, test findings is seen table 1, intensity C u(KPa) as shown in Figure 7 with the variation of degree of depth h (m).
Table 1 A test site test value
Figure BDA0000142764510000081
Embodiment 2
Carry out the original position shear test in the B test site, the four-bladed vane specification is with embodiment 1, and this pilot region soil property is mud and silt clay, and the testing site spacing is 1m, τ 1, τ 2, τ 3Implication identical with embodiment 1, test findings is seen table 2, intensity C u(KPa) as shown in Figure 8 with the variation of degree of depth h (m).
Table 2 B test site test value
Figure BDA0000142764510000082
Can find out from the result of above 2 tests, adopt the soil body horizontal direction shearing strength value τ of instrument of the present invention and measurement of test method 1With vertical direction shearing strength value τ 2Be regularity distribution, at C uShow as τ on the-h figure 2-h line and τ 3-h line roughly overlaps, and this reflects mainly that with the test value of conventional four-bladed vane boxshear apparatus the shearing strength value on the soil body vertical plane conforms to; τ 1-h line is at τ 2-h line right side, τ 1Value compares τ 2Value is big, and this is because of the preceding effectively consolidation stress σ that cuts on the soil body surface level CzBe big principle stress, the intensity on this face is big value, effective consolidation stress k before the cutting on the vertical plane 0σ CzBe minor principal stress, the intensity on this face is little value, and test findings shows the anisotropic character of the soil body.Evidence; Instrument of the present invention and test method can test out the shearing strength value of anisotropy soil body horizontal direction and vertical direction respectively; The research that can be the anisotropy soil body provides new method and thinking, fills up the blank that anisotropic soil embodies field characteristic research.

Claims (7)

1. a diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value comprises gear torque force device (1), torque-measuring apparatus (2), rotating shaft (3), unilateral bearing (4), web member (5), shear plate (6); Described gear torque force device (1) drives rotating shaft (3); The axle body place near the bottom of rotating shaft (3) fixedly is nested with unilateral bearing (4); Shear plate (6) links to each other with rotating shaft (3) with web member (5) through unilateral bearing (4); It is characterized in that: unilateral bearing (4) comprises unilateral bearing (9) and following unidirectional bearing (10), and web member (5) comprises upper connector (11) and following web member (12); The longitudinal section funneling of described upper connector (11) and following web member (12); One end of upper connector (11) and following web member (12) broad is fixed with last unilateral bearing (9), following unidirectional bearing (10) respectively, and upper connector (11) is nested with the outside at following web member (12); Shear plate (6) is divided into shear plate (7) and down cut plate (8) and xsect across, and last shear plate (7) and down cut plate (8) are fixed with upper connector (11), following web member (12) respectively.
2. the diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value according to claim 1 is characterized in that: relatively rotating of last unilateral bearing (9) and following unidirectional bearing (10) is in the opposite direction.
3. the diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the center of last shear plate (7) is cylindrical, is connected with upper connector (11) and is nested with descending web member (12) outside.
4. the diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the equal and opposite in direction of going up shear plate (7) and down cut plate (8).
5. the diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it is neighbouring with down cut plate (8) to go up shear plate (7).
6. the diesis detector that is used for in-situ test soil shear strength value according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise nose cone (13), described nose cone (13) is arranged in the lower end, center of down cut plate (8).
7. utilize the described detection method that is used for the diesis detector of the in-situ test soil body of claim 1, it is characterized in that: method is following:
1), assembling instrument: two shear plate alignment up and down are pressed in the test soil body;
2), start instrument and once test: gear torque force device (1) applies through rotating shaft (3) and a certainly makes rotating shaft towards one to rotation to moment of torsion, through four-bladed vane of one group of unilateral bearing drive the soil body is sheared;
3), measure the absolute value M that puts on the moment of torsion on the shear plate when soil body is broken through torque-measuring apparatus (2) 1
4), starting instrument carries out the secondary experiment: gear torque force device (1) applies the opposite direction moment of torsion through rotating shaft (3) rotates rotating shaft in the opposite direction, drives another piece four-bladed vane through another group unilateral bearing the soil body is sheared;
5), measure the absolute value M that puts on the moment of torsion on the shear plate when soil body is broken through torque-measuring apparatus (2) 2
6), through following formula:
△M=M 1-M 2
Calculate soil body moment of resistance that shear stress produced on a surface level when breaking, and then find the solution the shearing strength value on the horizontal direction;
7) the following formula of moment of resistance △ M substitution on the horizontal direction that, step 6 is calculated:
M 3=M 1-2△M
Calculate soil body moment of resistance that shear stress produced on vertical plane when breaking, and then find the solution the shearing strength value on the vertical direction.
CN201210063996.1A 2012-03-13 2012-03-13 Double-cross detector and testing method for testing shearing strength values of soil mass in situ Expired - Fee Related CN102607965B (en)

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Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102943460A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-02-27 东南大学 Pore pressure cross plate device capable of evaluating sand liquefaction potentiality
CN103245570A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-14 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 Method for obtaining soil shear strength parameter through in-situ test of cross plate
CN103344507A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-09 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 Device and method for testing in-situ strength of structural anisotropic soft clay
CN103728188A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-16 中国科学院力学研究所 Soil mass in-situ shearing and static load tester
CN104458420A (en) * 2014-12-17 2015-03-25 中国地质大学(武汉) Testing device of rock-soil body in-situ strength bearing plate and usage method of testing device
CN104535488A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-22 河南理工大学 Device and method for in-situ measuring cohesive force and internal friction angle of slightly hard soil layer
CN105158086A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-16 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 Method for layering soft soil according to mechanical properties
CN107063894A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-08-18 中国水利水电科学研究院 Shearing test device and the method that shearing test is carried out using described device
CN109870370A (en) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-11 三峡大学 Sample devices are cut in a kind of torsion of multifunctional in-situ Rock And Soil
CN112326458A (en) * 2019-08-05 2021-02-05 张继红 Capsule pressure shearing test method and tester
CN112378784A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-02-19 西南交通大学 Portable soil body in-situ shear test device and test method thereof

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CN201622217U (en) * 2010-02-03 2010-11-03 长沙矿山研究院 Deep sea thin and soft substrate shear strength in-situ tester

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102943460B (en) * 2012-12-11 2014-08-13 东南大学 Pore pressure cross plate device capable of evaluating sand liquefaction potentiality
CN102943460A (en) * 2012-12-11 2013-02-27 东南大学 Pore pressure cross plate device capable of evaluating sand liquefaction potentiality
CN103245570A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-14 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 Method for obtaining soil shear strength parameter through in-situ test of cross plate
CN103245570B (en) * 2013-04-24 2015-11-18 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 Four-bladed vane in-situ test obtains the method for soil shear strength parameter
CN103344507B (en) * 2013-06-21 2015-09-09 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 In-situ strength of structural anisotropic soft clay proving installation and method
CN103344507A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-09 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院 Device and method for testing in-situ strength of structural anisotropic soft clay
CN103728188B (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-11-18 中国科学院力学研究所 Soil in-situ is sheared and static load test apparatus
CN103728188A (en) * 2013-12-18 2014-04-16 中国科学院力学研究所 Soil mass in-situ shearing and static load tester
CN104458420A (en) * 2014-12-17 2015-03-25 中国地质大学(武汉) Testing device of rock-soil body in-situ strength bearing plate and usage method of testing device
CN104458420B (en) * 2014-12-17 2016-03-30 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of Rock And Soil in situ strength bearing plate test device and using method
CN104535488A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-22 河南理工大学 Device and method for in-situ measuring cohesive force and internal friction angle of slightly hard soil layer
CN105158086A (en) * 2015-08-17 2015-12-16 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 Method for layering soft soil according to mechanical properties
CN105158086B (en) * 2015-08-17 2017-10-31 中节能风力发电股份有限公司 Weak soil presses the method that mechanical property is layered
CN107063894A (en) * 2017-04-27 2017-08-18 中国水利水电科学研究院 Shearing test device and the method that shearing test is carried out using described device
CN109870370A (en) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-11 三峡大学 Sample devices are cut in a kind of torsion of multifunctional in-situ Rock And Soil
CN112326458A (en) * 2019-08-05 2021-02-05 张继红 Capsule pressure shearing test method and tester
CN112378784A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-02-19 西南交通大学 Portable soil body in-situ shear test device and test method thereof

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