CN104641905A

CN104641905A - Standardized planting method of saxifraga stolonifera meerb

Info

Publication number: CN104641905A
Application number: CN201510075739.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁双; 陈道军; 宁培洋; 孙珉琨; 龙治凤
Original assignee: GUIZHOU BAILING GROUP PHARMACY CO Ltd
Current assignee: GUIZHOU BAILING GROUP PHARMACY CO Ltd
Priority date: 2015-02-13
Filing date: 2015-02-13
Publication date: 2015-05-27
Anticipated expiration: 2035-02-13
Also published as: CN104641905B

Abstract

The invention discloses a standardized planting method of saxifraga stolonifera meerb. The standardized planting method adopts a greenhouse spatial soilless culture mode and comprises the following links of A, greenhouse building; B, improved variety breeding; C, transplanting and planting; D, field management; E, harvesting. According to the standardized planting method of the saxifraga stolonifera meerb, disclosed by the invention, the saxifraga stolonifera meerb can be safely, controllably and regularly planted in a large scale, the quality of the planted saxifraga stolonifera meerb is good, and the quality is stable; twice harvesting of the saxifraga stolonifera meerb in one year can be realized, the output of fresh semiannual saxifraga stolonifera meerb and the dried semiannual saxifraga stolonifera meerb can be respectively up to 1800kg/mu and 180kg/mu under the situation of normal years, and high output of the saxifraga stolonifera meerb is realized; all indexes of the planted saxifraga stolonifera meerb meet the content requirement of traditional Chinese medicine GAP (Good Agriculture Practices); the standardized planting method has the characteristics that the quality is high, the benefit is high, the growth factors of crops can be easily controlled, and the production is not affected by seasons; good economic benefit can be realized.

Description

The normalized planting method of a kind of kiss-me

Technical field

The present invention relates to the normalized planting method of a kind of kiss-me, belong to technical field of medicinal plant cultivation.

Background technology

Kiss-me Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb. is the perennial evergreen herbaceous plant of Saxifragaceae (Saxifragaceae) Saxifraga.With all herbal medicine.Cold in nature, mildly bitter flavor, pungent, mild toxicity.Return lung, spleen, large intestine channel.There is the function of dispelling wind, heat-clearing, cool blood, detumescence, removing toxic substances.Cure mainly cough due to wind-heat evil, lung carbuncle, spit blood, Ting discharging ear, rubella, erysipelas, hemorrhoid gall, traumatism and bleeding.Kiss-me medicinal history is long, begins to be loaded in " carrying out Cliff rock book on Chinese herbal medicine ", " controls haemorrhoids pyogenic infections, smokes with less solarization dry combustion method." thereafter all the book on Chinese herbal medicine such as " detailed outline " all give and recording.Now record in " Guizhou Province's traditional Chinese medicine, ethnic drug quality standard " (version in 2003).Kiss-me is perennial evergreen herbaceous plant, high 14 ~ 45cm, and complete stool is close by short down, has elongated, mauve stolon, and stem end is raw plantlet often; The number of blade piece, base is raw, meat, the usual alternate of leaf, extensively avette or nearly kidney shape, and base portion is heart-shaped or cut shape, and leaf margin is shallow to be split, and has irregular crenation, two sides villosity, leaf table dirty-green, and the netted vein of the obvious wide canescence of tool, blade back aubergine or spottiness.Leaf long 3 ~ 10cm, wide 3 ~ 7cm; Scape, up to 25cm, uprightly or slightly tilts, and has branch.Flower both sexes, sparse, radiation symmetric, white, lines up cyme or raceme, panicle, rare Dan Sheng, sepal usual 5, below 2 lobes be greater than other 3 lobes, lanceolar, have 3 valvulas avette above; Alternisepalous or scarce, all positions or rare upper; Stamen 5 ~ 10, raw on petal, filigree is separated, and filigree is bar-shaped, is about 1 times than sepal, flower pesticide aubergine; Ovary 1 ~ 3 (4) room, spherical, be separated or symphysis with calyx shape holder; Style is separated usually; Ovule majority is given birth on axile placenta or is hung down and is born in the top of cell; Capsule oval, 2 peck.5 ~ August of florescence, really 7 ~ November of phase.

Kiss-me integrate view and admire, medicinal, there is great developing and utilizingpotentiality.Therefore, in recent years to the research of kiss-me just towards the future development of diversification.Kiss-me has multiple medicinal function, more than 20 are had in Tibetan medicine, seedling medicine prescribed preparation, simultaneously, kiss-me can be planted as ground quilt in ground, also can potted plant making potted landscape, more can build leader and plant into plant walls, these features are that kiss-me develops and haves laid a good foundation, and horn of plenty Medicinal plant kind and winter, indoor watch leaf flower kind provided good basis.Kiss-me industry has the features such as industry chain (supply chain) is long, added value is high, growth is good, wide market.

In recent years, along with the surge of population and the raising of the level of consumption, the demand of people to environmental resource is increasing.Must cause having the Wild animal and plant resources of economic worth to reduce in a large number, extinction even in imminent danger.Under the driving of economic interests, wild traditional Chinese medicine kiss-me resource unauthorized and excessive mining situation is serious; Along with deforest and reclamation, overgraze, and urban construction destroys ecotope and resource distribution.The development of industrial and agricultural production and urban construction, people, to the irrational utilization of soil and forest, cause ecotope unbalance, thus threaten living environment and the breeding of kiss-me, degenerated in wild kiss-me habitat.Whole people's medicine resource protective awareness and lack in sense of the law simultaneously.For a long time, because people are unaware of the importance of reserved resource, think China's " vast territory and abundant resources, aboundresources, inexhaustible ".Therefore wild kiss-me quality, quantity are all difficult to ensure, have become the bottleneck of kiss-me series traditional Chinese exploitation.

In order to meet growing kiss-me demand, usual employing be wild kiss-me is become family plant method, but in prior art, kiss-me adopts underwood planting pattern, and output is 800 ~ 1000kg/ mu (fresh), 80 ~ 100kg/ mu (doing), only 1 year one receipts; And for want of standardized planting technology, make kiss-me planting scale little, quality is unstable, and part index number does not meet the quality standard of traditional Chinese medicine.Therefore, provide a kind of kiss-me normalized planting method, seem particularly necessary.

Summary of the invention

For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the normalized planting method of a kind of kiss-me, standardization, implant mass can be realized.

In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A normalized planting method for kiss-me, adopts green house solid soilless culturing pattern, comprises following link:

The structure of A green house: booth adopts 4 layers of design, stereoscopic frame total height 2.6 ~ 2.8m; Canopy humidity is 60% ~ 80%, the relative water-holding capacity 60% ~ 80% of matrix, and temperature is 0 ~ 30 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades;

B breeding nursery: annual 4 ~ June or 10 ~ December gather seedling; Specification is selected to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivation seedling dish; Using volume ratio be 2 ~ 4: 2 ~ 3: 1 ~ 2 the dregs of a decoction that become thoroughly decomposed, peat soil and perlite be as mixed-matrix, adding water in mixed-matrix makes relative water-holding capacity be fully stir evenly after 60% ~ 80%, then sabot, seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, arranges irrigate band above seedling dish; Adopt cave to plant field planting and carry out plant division nursery, each seedling dish is according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, and every cave one strain, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h; In seedling management process, temperature controls at 0 ~ 30 DEG C, and humidity keeps matrix relative water-holding capacity 60% ~ 80%, and intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades, and adopts artificial weeding, sees that namely grass removes; Urea and composite fertilizer is monthly used, rhizosphere fertilization after field planting survives; The nursery later stage, every two weeks used foliage fertilizer, sparged blade face; To gather after seedling half a year lifting in transplanting time, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting;

C transplant planting: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm makes cultivation seedling dish; Using volume ratio be 2 ~ 4: 2 ~ 3: 1 ~ 2 the dregs of a decoction that become thoroughly decomposed, peat soil and perlite be as mixed-matrix, adding water in mixed-matrix makes relative water-holding capacity be fully stir evenly after 60% ~ 80%, then sabot, seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, arranges irrigate band above seedling dish; Transplant planting within 2 days after lifting, adopt cave to plant field planting, each seedling dish is according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, and every cave one strain, irrigates normal root water in 4 hours after field planting;

D field management: (1) fills the gaps with seedlings: if having dead strain after transplant survival, be short of seedling, then fill the gaps with seedlings in time, fill the gaps with seedlings 1 strain in every cave; (2) irrigate: field planting backsight water supply in media content situation determines irrigation times, keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix to be 60% ~ 80%; (3) weeding: adopt artificial weeding, see that namely grass removes; (4) apply fertilizer: monthly use urea and composite fertilizer after field planting survives, rhizosphere fertilization; The every two weeks of Later growth uses foliage fertilizer, sparges blade face;

E gathers: 1 year two receipts, and transplant planting is gathered after half a year; Harvesting standard: more than 6 months vegetative period after transplant planting, acrial part more than height 8cm, calculates in kiss-me medicinal material by dry product and is no less than 0.080% containing Bergenin (C14H16O9); Manually gather, free-hand seedling to be uprooped.

The normalized planting method of kiss-me is more specifically: adopt green house solid soilless culturing pattern, comprise following link:

The structure of A green house:

(1) booth design: main body green house outside adopts canopy film, both sides make booth ventilated by electric rolling film machine, ceiling adopts automatically controlled sunshade net and spraying cooling, the cultivating stand of four layers is adopted in canopy, lay cultivation seedbed for every layer, adopt liquid manure centring system to control regulation and control fertilising, be delivered in plant corpus after the various basic element needed for kiss-me and micro-passing ratio regulate; Booth adopts 4 layers, and stereoscopic frame total height is 2.6 ~ 2.8m, and the distance from top to bottom between ground floor and ground is 0.2 ~ 0.4m, and ground floor and the second layer are spaced apart 0.9m, and the second layer and third layer are spaced apart 0.8m, and third layer and the 4th interlayer are divided into 0.7m;

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 60% ~ 80%, and the relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 60% ~ 80%, and temperature is 0 ~ 30 DEG C, intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades; Booth can effectively control temperature, humidity, illumination, fertility etc., ensures that kiss-me grows fast under healthy and stable environment;

The nursery of B breeding

(1) seedling Acquire and process: annual 4 ~ June or 10 ~ December gather, select the growth of more than 6 months fast, growing way is excellent, healthy and strong emerald green kiss-me plant does to gather maternal plant, reject diseased plant and weak strain, tiny and seedling in spite of illness, the seedling gathered must meet the long 7 ~ 12cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 8cm of leaf, the number of sheets 5 ~ 10, individual plant weight is the one-level seedling of 6.6 ~ 10.5g, long 6 ~ the 9cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 5cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 5, individual plant weight is secondary seedling or the long 4 ~ 7cm of leaf of 4.6 ~ 6.5g, wide 2 ~ the 3cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 4, individual plant weight is three grades of seedlings of 1.5 ~ 4.5g, less than three grades seedling forbiddings,

(2) environmental condition: 1. matrix condition: meet NY/T2118-2012 standard; 2. atmospheric conditions: meet GB3095-1996 secondary or more standard, air index II is 0.6 ~ 1.0; 3. condition of water quality: meet GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard;

(3) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=2 ~ 4 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2 ~ 3: 1 ~ 2 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 60% ~ 80%, pH value is 6.8 ~ 7.0, and the content of organic matter is 15% ~ 20%, and unit weight is 0.300 ~ 0.500g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(4) plant division nursery: field planting: cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: 0 ~ 30 DEG C; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 60% ~ 80% of matrix; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; Nursery later stage spraying foliage fertilizer is on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, sparges blade face;

(6) lifting: to gather after seedling half a year lifting in transplanting time, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, direct free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting, after lifting, cannot to transplant completely the same day or seedling to be transported is concentrated and is stored in ventilation, frescade, and moisturizing of watering, and prevented from here withering; During transport, with the bamboo back of the body container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc. or bamboo basket dress seedling, erect and place, down, moisturizing, does not extrude root system;

C transplant planting

(1) environmental condition: 1. matrix condition: meet NY/T2118-2012 standard; 2. atmospheric conditions: meet GB3095-1996 secondary or more standard, air index II is 0.6 ~ 1.0; 3. condition of water quality: meet GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard;

(2) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=2 ~ 4 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2 ~ 3: 1 ~ 2 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 60% ~ 80%, pH value is 6.8 ~ 7.0, and the content of organic matter is 15% ~ 20%, and unit weight is 0.300 ~ 0.500g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(3) field planting: transplant planting within 2 days after lifting, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(1) filling the gaps with seedlings: checked whether dead strain after transplant survival, be short of seedling, if having, fill the gaps with seedlings in time, fills the gaps with seedlings 1 strain in every cave;

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 60% ~ 80%, if early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously, turn green in order to plant and emerge;

(3) weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth;

(4) apply fertilizer: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; The later stage spraying foliage fertilizer in vegetative period is on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea a: vegetative period in season uses 6 times, monthly 1 time, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 20kg/ mu, urea clear water was diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer a: vegetative period in season uses 6 times, monthly 1 time, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water was diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage in vegetative period uses once every two weeks, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, sparges blade face;

E gathers

(1) collecting time: 1 year two receipts, transplant planting is gathered after half a year;

(2) harvesting standard: after transplant planting, vegetative period is more than 6 months, acrial part more than height 8cm, calculates kiss-me medicinal material by dry product and is no less than 0.080% containing Bergenin;

(3) collecting method: manually gather, free-handly when gathering uproops seedling.

Aforesaid normalized planting method, in described link A-(1): booth adopts 4 layers, stereoscopic frame total height is 2.6m, and the distance from top to bottom between ground floor and ground is 0.2m.

Aforesaid normalized planting method, in described link A-(2) and B-(5), temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors, the dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption.

Aforesaid normalized planting method, in described link A-(2), lacks light anoxic in weather canopy cloudy and drizzly for days on end, plant tender leaf performance listless wither shrinkage time, then in canopy, hang 100W bulb, every day light filling 5 ~ 6 hours, every mu is buried the oxygenating of 1kg carbonic acid gas oxygenation agent; In B-(5)-3., shading system is used to adjust illumination in time according to weather conditions.

Aforesaid normalized planting method, in described link B-(3) and C-(2), according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=2 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2: 1 mixing.

Aforesaid normalized planting method, in described link D-(2): summer or temperature too high time, before at 10 in the morning and at 4 in afternoon water later, in order to avoid burn blade, cause " burning seedling " phenomenon, affect plant strain growth.

Aforesaid normalized planting method, in described link E-(3), all gathers or adopts and stay greatly little, adopt to stay greatly and hour leave seedling and stolon.

The normalized planting method of aforementioned kiss-me, also comprises the control of kiss-me disease:

1. the prevention and controls of powdery mildew is as follows: with 15% triadimefon, 800 times of liquid or 70% thiophanate methyl 800 times of liquid, every spray in 7 ~ 10 days once, or be 1000 times of liquid of white wine of 35% with alcohol content, within every 3 ~ 6 days, spray once, continuous spraying 3 to 6 times, rinses blade to without white powder; Or spray with 75% tpn wetting powder, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, spraying in 7 days 1 time, each production season uses 2 times; Or spray with 62.25% MnZn nitrile bacterium azoles (60% mancozeb and 2.25% nitrile bacterium azoles) wetting powder 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid, interval spray in 7 ~ 10 days once, uses 2 ~ 3 times continuously;

2. the prevention and controls of gray mold is as follows: ventilate, and finds that diseased plant is cleared up in time, spray 30% energetically aqueous suspension agent 900 times of liquid, 50% to go out mould clever wetting powder 800 times of liquid, 40% Shi Jiale suspending agent, 1200 times of liquid or 28% grey Natamycin wetting powder, 800 times of liquid.

The normalized planting method of aforementioned kiss-me, also comprises the control of kiss-me insect pest:

1. the prevention and controls of aphid is as follows: spray with 25% mieyaling missible oil, 500 times of liquid or 10% Uranus missible oil, 5000 times of liquid;

2. the prevention and controls of cabbage caterpillar is as follows: adopt physical control and/or chemical control, wherein physical control: artificial searching larva is is also catched and killed; Chemical control: when cabbage caterpillar amount reaches 0.5/m ²time above, insecticide spraying, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 90% chlorophos crystal, 1000 times of liquid, sprays 2 ~ 3 times; Or with 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 4.5% high performance aqueous emulsion of cypermethrin, preferably at insect initial stage of origination spray medicine.

In the present invention, canopy film can adopt the canopy film of German intake energy load-bearing 150kg; The liquid manure centring system regulation and control fertilising of Israel's agriculture cultivation technology can be adopted, be transported in plant corpus after the various basic element needed for medicinal material and micro-passing ratio regulate.

Seedling of the present invention be wild domestication from numerous in seedling raising greenhouse.

Composite fertilizer of the present invention, foliage fertilizer are all commercially available prod, and composite fertilizer selects potassium sulfate compound fertilizer usually; Foliage fertilizer selects potassium dihydrogen phosphate usually.

Usefulness of the present invention is: the normalized planting method of kiss-me of the present invention, makes kiss-me can extensive, safe, controlled, standardized planting, and the kiss-me of plantation is superior in quality, stay in grade; Compared with within 1 year one, receiving with kiss-me in prior art, implantation methods of the present invention achieves kiss-me 1 year two receipts, and in normal time situation, semi-annual kiss-me root yield can reach 1800kg/ mu (fresh), 180kg/ mu (doing), realizes the high yield of kiss-me; Plantation gained kiss-me medicinal material indices all meets the content requirement of traditional Chinese medicine GAP.Implantation methods of the present invention, adopts agricultural modernization facility cultivation, large-scale planting, has that quality is high, high efficiency, and the plant growth factor easy to control, produces by the feature of seasonal effect, can realize good economic benefit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further introduced.

Embodiment 1

The structure of A green house:

(1) booth design: main body green house outside adopts canopy film, both sides make booth ventilated by electric rolling film machine, ceiling adopts automatically controlled sunshade net and spraying cooling, the cultivating stand of four layers is adopted in canopy, lay cultivation seedbed for every layer, adopt liquid manure centring system to control regulation and control fertilising, be delivered in plant corpus after the various basic element needed for kiss-me and micro-passing ratio regulate; Booth adopts 4 layers, and stereoscopic frame total height is 2.6m, and the distance from top to bottom between ground floor and ground is 0.2m, and ground floor and the second layer are spaced apart 0.9m, and the second layer and third layer are spaced apart 0.8m, and third layer and the 4th interlayer are divided into 0.7m;

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 60% ~ 70%, the dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption; The relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 60% ~ 70%, temperature 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors; Intensity of illumination is advisable with 3200lx ~ 3400lx environment that partly shades, in weather canopy cloudy and drizzly for days on end, lack light anoxic, the performance of plant tender leaf is listless wither shrinkage time, then in canopy, hang 100W bulb, every day light filling 5 hours, every mu is buried the oxygenating of 1kg carbonic acid gas oxygenation agent; Booth can effectively control temperature, humidity, illumination, fertility etc., ensures that kiss-me grows fast under healthy and stable environment;

The nursery of B breeding

(1) seedling Acquire and process: gather November then, select the growth of more than 6 months fast, growing way is excellent, healthy and strong emerald green kiss-me plant does to gather maternal plant, reject diseased plant and weak strain, tiny and seedling in spite of illness, the seedling gathered must meet the long 7 ~ 12cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 8cm of leaf, the number of sheets 5 ~ 10, individual plant weight is the one-level seedling of 6.6 ~ 10.5g, long 6 ~ the 9cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 5cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 5, individual plant weight is secondary seedling or the long 4 ~ 7cm of leaf of 4.6 ~ 6.5g, wide 2 ~ the 3cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 4, individual plant weight is three grades of seedlings of 1.5 ~ 4.5g, less than three grades seedling forbiddings,

(3) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=2 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2: 1 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 60% ~ 70%, pH value is 6.8, and the content of organic matter is 15%, and unit weight is 0.300g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: temperature 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 60% ~ 70% of matrix; The dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3200lx ~ 3400lx environment that partly shades, uses shading system to adjust illumination in time according to weather conditions; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; The nursery later stage with sprayer even spraying foliage fertilizer on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, and even spraying is in blade face;

(6) lifting: 5 ~ June of next year lifting, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, direct free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting, after lifting, cannot transplant completely the same day or seedling to be transported concentrate be stored in ventilation, frescade, and moisturizing of watering, prevent from here withering; During transport, with the bamboo back of the body container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc. or bamboo basket dress seedling, erect and place, down, moisturizing, does not extrude root system; Due to kiss-me blade meat, easily wilt, affect seedling quality, therefore need transplant complete after lifting in 2 days.

C transplant planting

(2) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=2 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2: 1 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 60% ~ 70%, pH value is 6.8, and the content of organic matter is 15%, and unit weight is 0.300g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(3) field planting: (5 ~ June of next year) field planting in 2 days after lifting, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, and to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 60% ~ 70%, guarantees seedling early growth; If early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously, turn green in order to plant and emerge; Summer or temperature too high time, before at 10 in the morning and at 4 in afternoon water later, in order to avoid burn blade, cause " burning seedling " phenomenon, affect plant strain growth;

(4) apply fertilizer: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; Later stage in vegetative period with sprayer even spraying foliage fertilizer on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea a: vegetative period in season uses 6 times, monthly 1 time, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 20kg/ mu, urea clear water was diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer a: vegetative period in season uses 6 times, monthly 1 time, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water was diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage in vegetative period uses once every two weeks, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, and even spraying is in blade face;

E gathers

(1) collecting time: 11 ~ December of next year gathers;

(3) collecting method: manually gather, free-handly when gathering uproops seedling, all gathers.

Embodiment 2

The structure of A green house:

(1) booth design: main body green house outside adopts canopy film, both sides make booth ventilated by electric rolling film machine, ceiling adopts automatically controlled sunshade net and spraying cooling, the cultivating stand of four layers is adopted in canopy, lay cultivation seedbed for every layer, adopt liquid manure centring system to control regulation and control fertilising, be delivered in plant corpus after the various basic element needed for kiss-me and micro-passing ratio regulate; Booth adopts 4 layers, and stereoscopic frame total height is 2.8m, and the distance from top to bottom between ground floor and ground is 0.4m, and ground floor and the second layer are spaced apart 0.9m, and the second layer and third layer are spaced apart 0.8m, and third layer and the 4th interlayer are divided into 0.7m;

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 70% ~ 80%, the dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption; The relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 70% ~ 80%, temperature 0 ~ 30 DEG C, and temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors; Intensity of illumination is advisable with 3300lx ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades; Light anoxic is lacked in weather canopy cloudy and drizzly for days on end, plant tender leaf performance listless wither shrinkage time, then in canopy, hang 100W bulb, every day light filling 6 hours, every mu is buried the oxygenating of 1kg carbonic acid gas oxygenation agent, booth can effectively control temperature, humidity, illumination, fertility etc., ensures that kiss-me grows fast under healthy and stable environment;

The nursery of B breeding

(1) seedling Acquire and process: gather October then, select the growth of more than 6 months fast, growing way is excellent, healthy and strong emerald green kiss-me plant does to gather maternal plant, reject diseased plant and weak strain, tiny and seedling in spite of illness, the seedling gathered must meet the long 7 ~ 12cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 8cm of leaf, the number of sheets 5 ~ 10, individual plant weight is the one-level seedling of 6.6 ~ 10.5g, long 6 ~ the 9cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 5cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 5, individual plant weight is secondary seedling or the long 4 ~ 7cm of leaf of 4.6 ~ 6.5g, wide 2 ~ the 3cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 4, individual plant weight is three grades of seedlings of 1.5 ~ 4.5g, less than three grades seedling forbiddings,

(3) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=4 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 3: 2 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 70% ~ 80%, pH value is 7, and the content of organic matter is 20%, and unit weight is 0.500g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 70% ~ 80% of matrix; The dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3300lx ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades, uses shading system to adjust illumination in time according to weather conditions; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; The nursery later stage with sprayer even spraying foliage fertilizer on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, and even spraying is in blade face;

(6) lifting: 4 ~ June of next year lifting, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, direct free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting, after lifting, cannot transplant completely the same day or seedling to be transported concentrate be stored in ventilation, frescade, and moisturizing of watering, prevent from here withering; During transport, with the bamboo back of the body container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc. or bamboo basket dress seedling, erect and place, down, moisturizing, does not extrude root system;

C transplant planting

(2) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=4 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 3: 2 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 70% ~ 80%, pH value is 7, and the content of organic matter is 20%, and unit weight is 0.500g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(3) field planting: (4 ~ June of next year) field planting in 2 days after lifting, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 70% ~ 80%, if early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously, turn green in order to plant and emerge;

E gathers

(1) collecting time: 10 ~ December of next year gathers;

(3) collecting method: manually gather, free-handly when gathering uproops seedling, adopts to stay greatly little, leaves seedling and stolon.

Embodiment 3

The structure of A green house:

(1) booth design: main body green house outside adopts canopy film, both sides make booth ventilated by electric rolling film machine, ceiling adopts automatically controlled sunshade net and spraying cooling, the cultivating stand of four layers is adopted in canopy, lay cultivation seedbed for every layer, adopt liquid manure centring system to control regulation and control fertilising, be delivered in plant corpus after the various basic element needed for kiss-me and micro-passing ratio regulate; Booth adopts 4 layers, and stereoscopic frame total height is 2.7m, and the distance from top to bottom between ground floor and ground is 0.3m, and ground floor and the second layer are spaced apart 0.9m, and the second layer and third layer are spaced apart 0.8m, and third layer and the 4th interlayer are divided into 0.7m;

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 65% ~ 75%, the dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption; The relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 65% ~ 75%, temperature 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors; Intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000lx ~ 3200lx environment that partly shades, light anoxic is lacked in weather canopy cloudy and drizzly for days on end, plant tender leaf performance listless wither shrinkage time, then in canopy, hang 100W bulb, every day light filling 6 hours, every mu is buried the oxygenating of 1kg carbonic acid gas oxygenation agent, and booth can effectively control temperature, humidity, illumination, fertility etc., ensures that kiss-me grows fast under healthy and stable environment;

The nursery of B breeding

(1) seedling Acquire and process: gather December then, select the growth of more than 6 months fast, growing way is excellent, healthy and strong emerald green kiss-me plant does to gather maternal plant, reject diseased plant and weak strain, tiny and seedling in spite of illness, the seedling gathered must meet the long 7 ~ 12cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 8cm of leaf, the number of sheets 5 ~ 10, individual plant weight is the one-level seedling of 6.6 ~ 10.5g, long 6 ~ the 9cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 5cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 5, individual plant weight is secondary seedling or the long 4 ~ 7cm of leaf of 4.6 ~ 6.5g, wide 2 ~ the 3cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 4, individual plant weight is three grades of seedlings of 1.5 ~ 4.5g, less than three grades seedling forbiddings,

(3) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=3 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2: 1 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 65% ~ 75%, pH value is 6.9, and the content of organic matter is 18%, and unit weight is 0.400g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 65% ~ 75% of matrix; The dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000lx ~ 3200lx environment that partly shades, uses shading system to adjust illumination in time according to weather conditions; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; The nursery later stage with sprayer even spraying foliage fertilizer on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, and even spraying is in blade face;

(6) lifting: June next year lifting, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, direct free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting, after lifting, cannot transplant completely the same day or seedling to be transported concentrate be stored in ventilation, frescade, and moisturizing of watering, prevent from here withering; During transport, with the bamboo back of the body container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc. or bamboo basket dress seedling, erect and place, down, moisturizing, does not extrude root system; Due to kiss-me blade meat, easily wilt, affect seedling quality, therefore need transplant complete after lifting in 2 days.

C transplant planting

(2) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=3 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2: 1 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 65% ~ 75%, pH value is 6.9, and the content of organic matter is 18%, and unit weight is 0.400g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(3) field planting: (June next year) field planting in 2 days after lifting, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 65% ~ 75%, if early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously, turn green in order to plant and emerge; Summer or temperature too high time, before at 10 in the morning and at 4 in afternoon water later, in order to avoid burn blade, cause " burning seedling " phenomenon, affect plant strain growth;

E gathers

(1) collecting time: December next year gathers;

Embodiment 4

The structure of A green house:

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 65% ~ 70%, and the relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 65% ~ 70%, temperature 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C; Intensity of illumination is advisable with 3100lx ~ 3300lx environment that partly shades, light anoxic is lacked in weather canopy cloudy and drizzly for days on end, plant tender leaf performance listless wither shrinkage time, then in canopy, hang 100W bulb, every day light filling 5.5 hours, every mu is buried the oxygenating of 1kg carbonic acid gas oxygenation agent, and booth can effectively control temperature, humidity, illumination, fertility etc., ensures that kiss-me grows fast under healthy and stable environment;

The nursery of B breeding

(1) seedling Acquire and process: gather June then, select the growth of more than 6 months fast, growing way is excellent, healthy and strong emerald green kiss-me plant does to gather maternal plant, reject diseased plant and weak strain, tiny and seedling in spite of illness, the seedling gathered must meet the long 7 ~ 12cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 8cm of leaf, the number of sheets 5 ~ 10, individual plant weight is the one-level seedling of 6.6 ~ 10.5g, long 6 ~ the 9cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 5cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 5, individual plant weight is secondary seedling or the long 4 ~ 7cm of leaf of 4.6 ~ 6.5g, wide 2 ~ the 3cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 4, individual plant weight is three grades of seedlings of 1.5 ~ 4.5g, less than three grades seedling forbiddings,

(3) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=3 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2.5: 1.5 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 65% ~ 70%, pH value is 6.8, and the content of organic matter is 15%, and unit weight is 0.350g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 65% ~ 70% of matrix; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3100lx ~ 3300lx environment that partly shades; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; Nursery later stage spraying foliage fertilizer is on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, sparges blade face;

(6) lifting: then December lifting, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, direct free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting, after lifting, cannot transplant completely the same day or seedling to be transported concentrate be stored in ventilation, frescade, and moisturizing of watering, prevent from here withering; During transport, with the bamboo back of the body container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc. or bamboo basket dress seedling, erect and place, down, moisturizing, does not extrude root system;

C transplant planting

(2) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=3 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2.5: 1.5 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 65% ~ 70%, pH value is 6.8, and the content of organic matter is 15%, and unit weight is 0.350g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(3) field planting: (then December) field planting in 2 days after lifting, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 65% ~ 70%, if early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously, turn green in order to plant and emerge; Summer or temperature too high time, before at 10 in the morning and at 4 in afternoon water later, in order to avoid burn blade, cause " burning seedling " phenomenon, affect plant strain growth;

(4) apply fertilizer: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; The later stage spraying foliage fertilizer in vegetative period is on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea a: vegetative period in season uses 6 times, monthly 1 time, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 20kg/ mu, urea clear water was diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer a: vegetative period in season uses 6 times, monthly 1 time, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water was diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage in vegetative period uses once every two weeks, per vegetative period in season, total consumption was 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, and even spraying is in blade face;

E gathers

(1) collecting time: June next year gathers;

Embodiment 5

The structure of A green house:

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 75% ~ 80%, the relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 75% ~ 80%, temperature 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000lx ~ 3400lx environment that partly shades, booth can effectively control temperature, humidity, illumination, fertility etc., ensures that kiss-me grows fast under healthy and stable environment;

The nursery of B breeding

(1) seedling Acquire and process: gather May then, select the growth of more than 6 months fast, growing way is excellent, healthy and strong emerald green kiss-me plant does to gather maternal plant, reject diseased plant and weak strain, tiny and seedling in spite of illness, the seedling gathered must meet the long 7 ~ 12cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 8cm of leaf, the number of sheets 5 ~ 10, individual plant weight is the one-level seedling of 6.6 ~ 10.5g, long 6 ~ the 9cm of leaf, wide 3 ~ the 5cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 5, individual plant weight is secondary seedling or the long 4 ~ 7cm of leaf of 4.6 ~ 6.5g, wide 2 ~ the 3cm of leaf, the number of sheets 3 ~ 4, individual plant weight is three grades of seedlings of 1.5 ~ 4.5g, less than three grades seedling forbiddings,

(3) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=3 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 3: 2 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 75% ~ 80%, pH value is 7.0, and the content of organic matter is 20%, and unit weight is 0.450g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 75% ~ 80% of matrix; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000lx ~ 3400lx environment that partly shades; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again, in order to avoid affect seedling early growth; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; Nursery later stage spraying foliage fertilizer is on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, sparges blade face;

(6) lifting: then 11 ~ December lifting, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, direct free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting, after lifting, cannot transplant completely the same day or seedling to be transported concentrate be stored in ventilation, frescade, and moisturizing of watering, prevent from here withering; During transport, with the bamboo back of the body container made of bamboo, wicker, ratten, etc. or bamboo basket dress seedling, erect and place, down, moisturizing, does not extrude root system;

C transplant planting

(2) preparation of seedling dish and matrix: 1. seedling dish: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivating seedling dish; 2. matrix: according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=3 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 3: 2 mixing, add water and make relative water-holding capacity be 75% ~ 80%, pH value is 7.0, and the content of organic matter is 20%, and unit weight is 0.450g/cm ³, fully stir evenly, then sabot, fill seedling dish with matrix and be advisable; Seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, above seedling dish, irrigate band is set, ensure that each seedling dish has 2 irrigate bands to carry water and solution respectively;

(3) field planting: (then 11 ~ December) field planting in 2 days after lifting, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 75% ~ 80%, if early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously, turn green in order to plant and emerge;

E gathers

(1) collecting time: 5 ~ June of next year gathers;

In above-described embodiment 1 ~ 5, described canopy film can adopt the canopy film of German intake energy load-bearing 150kg, and described liquid manure centring system can adopt the liquid manure centring system of Israel's agriculture cultivation technology.

Embodiment 6

The structure of A green house: booth adopts 4 layers of design, stereoscopic frame total height 2.6m; Canopy humidity is 65% ~ 80%, the relative water-holding capacity 65% ~ 80% of matrix, temperature 0 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is advisable with 3100 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades;

B breeding nursery: gather seedling April then; Specification is selected to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm is as cultivation seedling dish; Using volume ratio be 2.5: 2.5: 2 the dregs of a decoction that become thoroughly decomposed, peat soil and perlite be as mixed-matrix, adding water in mixed-matrix makes relative water-holding capacity be fully stir evenly after 65% ~ 80%, then sabot, seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, arranges irrigate band above seedling dish; Adopt cave to plant field planting and carry out plant division nursery, each seedling dish is according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, and every cave one strain, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h; In seedling management process, temperature controls at 0 ~ 30 DEG C, and humidity keeps matrix relative water-holding capacity 65% ~ 80%, and intensity of illumination is advisable with 3100 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades, and adopts artificial weeding, sees that namely grass removes; Urea and composite fertilizer is monthly used, rhizosphere fertilization after field planting survives; The nursery later stage, every two weeks used foliage fertilizer, sparged blade face; Then 10 ~ December lifting, play transplantation of seedlings the previous day, open drip irrigation system water and irrigate seedling dish, free-hand taking-up whole strain plant during lifting;

C transplant planting: select specification to be that the vinyl disc of 54cm × 27cm × 6.5cm makes cultivation seedling dish; Using volume ratio be 2.5: 2.5: 2 the dregs of a decoction that become thoroughly decomposed, peat soil and perlite be as mixed-matrix, adding water in mixed-matrix makes relative water-holding capacity be fully stir evenly after 65% ~ 80%, then sabot, seedling dish is put on booth stereoscopic frame, arranges irrigate band above seedling dish; (then 10 ~ December) transplant planting within 2 days after lifting, adopt cave to plant field planting, each seedling dish is according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, and every cave one strain, irrigates normal root water in 4 hours after field planting;

D field management: (1) fills the gaps with seedlings: if having dead strain after transplant survival, be short of seedling, then fill the gaps with seedlings in time, fill the gaps with seedlings 1 strain in every cave; (2) irrigate: field planting backsight water supply in media content situation determines irrigation times, keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix to be 65% ~ 80%; (3) weeding: adopt artificial weeding, see that namely grass removes; (4) apply fertilizer: monthly use urea and composite fertilizer after field planting survives, rhizosphere fertilization; The every two weeks of Later growth uses foliage fertilizer, sprays in blade face;

E gathers: 4 ~ June of next year gathers; Harvesting standard: more than 6 months vegetative period after transplant planting, acrial part more than height 8cm, calculates in kiss-me medicinal material by dry product and is no less than 0.080% containing Bergenin (C14H16O9); Manually gather, free-hand seedling to be uprooped.

In embodiment 1 ~ 6, described seedling be wild domestication from numerous in seedling raising greenhouse.

In the standardized planting process of kiss-me described in above-described embodiment 1 ~ 6, occur if meet damage by disease and insect, following prevention and controls can be selected to process:

(1) powdery mildew

Its symptom is: site of pathological change, in leaf portion, occurs not obvious early stage, and the little amyloid plaque of white appears in susceptible position soon, expand as garden shape or irregular white powder spot gradually, time serious, white powder spot joins together, and white powder thing appears in whole blade face, withers gradually with rear blade.When disease occurs serious, kiss-me acrial part can mortality.

Occurrence regularity: pathogen survives the winter in blade with mycelium, next year, pathogen came into play with the sprouting of bud, infected young tender position, produced new germ spore, propagated by modes such as wind-force.Field relative moisture is large, and temperature is 16 ~ 24 DEG C time, and this disease is easily popular.Density is excessive, and illumination is not enough, and nitrogenous fertilizer is too much, excessive growth seedling susceptible disease.

When there is powdery mildew: available 62.25% MnZn nitrile bacterium azoles (60% mancozeb and 2.25% nitrile bacterium azoles) wetting powder 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid even spraying, interval spray in 7 ~ 10 days once, uses 2-3 time continuously; Also can with 15% triadimefon, 800 times of liquid or 70% thiophanate methyl 800 times of liquid, every 7 ~ 10 days spray once; Or be 1000 times of liquid of white wine of 35% by alcohol content, once, continuous spraying 3 to 6 times, rinses blade to without white powder in spray in every 3 ~ 6 days; Or by 75% tpn wetting powder, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid even spraying, spraying in 7 days 1 time, each production season uses 2 times.

(2) gray mold

Its symptom is: kiss-me gray mold main harm blade.Tikka often occurs along leaf margin, and semicircle or circular to irregular shape, water stain shape, dirty-green is to brown.During high humidity, sick portion expands rapidly, and time serious, whole leaves blacken brown is rotted, and sick portion bears the mould layer of grey.In the withered spot of wheel line shape brown during dry weather, mould layer is also not obvious.

Occurrence regularity: survive at invalid tissue with mycelium or survive the winter in soil with sclerotium.Temperature 18 ~ 23 DEG C, continuous rainfall wet weather, is conducive to illumination and sprouting, easily catches an illness.Low Temperature in Spring or cold current are attacked, plant strain growth is weak or between strain clump, strongly fragrant covering is fallen ill heavily.

When there is gray mold: ventilate, find that diseased plant is cleared up in time, spray 30% energetically aqueous suspension agent 900 times of liquid, 50% to go out mould clever wetting powder 800 times of liquid, 40% Shi Jiale suspending agent, 1200 times of liquid or 28% grey Natamycin wetting powder, 800 times of liquid.

(3) aphid

Its symptom is: adult and nymph suck juice on tender leaf, tender stem.Tender leaf and growing point killed after, leaf curl, growth retardation, even complete stool is wilted dead; Unfold when Lao Ye is injured, but dry up in advance.

Occurrence regularity: florescence in 5 ~ June, for aphid damage contains the phase.

When meeting aphid disease: available 25% mieyaling missible oil 500 times of liquid are sprayed; Also can spray with 10% Uranus missible oil, 5000 times of liquid.

(4) cabbage caterpillar

Its symptom is: larva stings food kiss-me blade, and nibble blade hole or incise, time serious, blade is all eaten up, and only residual thick vein and petiole, cause total crop failure.When cabbage caterpillar takes food, take food while defecate is polluted.

Occurrence regularity: 5 ~ June is the cabbage caterpillar harm Sheng phase.7 ~ August, population number significantly reduced, and went up to population number in September, formed second time hazard boom.Adult is movable for daytime, contains most with fine day activity at noon.

When meeting dark greyish green parasitosis: physical control and/or chemical control can be adopted, wherein physical control: artificial searching larva is is also catched and killed; Chemical control: when cabbage caterpillar amount reaches 0.5/m ²time above, insecticide spraying, sprays 2 ~ 3 times with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 90% chlorophos crystal, 1000 times of liquid; Also by 4.5% high performance aqueous emulsion of cypermethrin, 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid even spraying, preferably medicine can be sprayed at insect initial stage of origination.

Composite fertilizer in the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 6, foliage fertilizer are all commercially available prod, and composite fertilizer selects potassium sulfate compound fertilizer usually; Foliage fertilizer selects potassium dihydrogen phosphate usually.

Claims

1. a normalized planting method for kiss-me, is characterized in that: adopt green house solid soilless culturing pattern, comprise following link:

E gathers: 1 year two receipts, and transplant planting is gathered after half a year; Harvesting standard: more than 6 months vegetative period after transplant planting, acrial part more than height 8cm, calculates in kiss-me medicinal material by dry product and is no less than 0.080% containing Bergenin; Manually gather, free-hand seedling to be uprooped.

2. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 1, is characterized in that: adopt green house solid soilless culturing pattern, comprise following link:

The structure of A green house:

(2) booth operational factor: controlling booth humidity is 60% ~ 80%, and the relative water-holding capacity of matrix is 60% ~ 80%, and temperature is 0 ~ 30 DEG C, intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades;

The nursery of B breeding

(5) seedling management: 1. temperature: 0 ~ 30 DEG C; 2. humidity: keep enough moisture before field planting survives, water in time; After field planting survives, drip weekly once depending on matrix situation, ensure the relative water-holding capacity 60% ~ 80% of matrix; 3. illumination: intensity of illumination is advisable with 3000 ~ 3500lx environment that partly shades; 4. weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again; 5. topdress: after field planting survives, use urea, composite fertilizer and foliage fertilizer, adopt drip irrigation system to be applied near kiss-me rhizosphere by pipe-line system liquid feed device by the solution after urea, composite fertilizer's thin up; Nursery later stage spraying foliage fertilizer is on kiss-me blade face; Wherein, urea: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, urea clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Composite fertilizer: one season nursery stage use 6 times, monthly 1 time, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 20kg/ mu, composite fertilizer's clear water is diluted to the solution that mass concentration is 2%, rhizosphere fertilization; Foliage fertilizer: the later stage of nursery stage uses once every two weeks, the total consumption of per season nursery stage is 800g/ mu, and it is 0.2% that foliage fertilizer clear water is diluted to mass concentration, sparges blade face;

C transplant planting

(3) field planting: transplant planting within 2 days after lifting, the transplant planting phase is annual 4 ~ June or 10 ~ December, cave plant field planting, each seedling dish according to seeding row spacing 15cm × 20cm field planting 6 cave, every cave one strain; Plant straightens in field planting, and avoid soil to cover lobus cardiacus, earthing can not exceed base stem 1cm, gently presses the root be embedded in soil during earthing, irrigates normal root water after field planting in 4h;

D field management

(2) irrigate: quality of irrigation water meets GB5084-2005 and GB3838-2002 standard, how many kiss-mes after field planting determines irrigation times depending on water supply in media content, chance becomes a fine day need often water, to keep the relative water-holding capacity of matrix for 60% ~ 80%, if early spring meets the arid time, need water permeable several times continuously;

(3) weeding: see that namely grass removes, prohibit the use chemical herbicide, adopts artificial weeding, and note preventing loosening seedling root, should first pin seedling base portion by left hand, the right hand weeds out the rank grass again;

E gathers

3. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described link A-(1): booth adopts 4 layers, stereoscopic frame total height is 2.6m, and the distance from top to bottom between ground floor and ground is 0.2m.

4. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described link A-(2) and B-(5), temperature is too high, opens the equipment of sprinkler irrigation cooling that ventilating opening is lowered the temperature or opened the superiors, the dehumidifying of humidity excessive use 40% chlorothalonil smoke or the quicklime moisture absorption.

5. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described link A-(2), light anoxic is lacked in weather canopy cloudy and drizzly for days on end, plant tender leaf performance listless wither shrinkage time, then in canopy, hang 100W bulb, every day light filling 5 ~ 6 hours, every mu is buried the oxygenating of 1kg carbonic acid gas oxygenation agent; In B-(5)-3., shading system is used to adjust illumination in time according to weather conditions.

6. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described link B-(3) and C-(2), according to volume ratio, gets Yao Zha ︰ Ni Tan Tu ︰ perlite=2 of becoming thoroughly decomposed: 2: 1 mixing.

7. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described link D-(2): summer or temperature too high time, before at 10 in the morning and at 4 in afternoon water later.

8. the normalized planting method of kiss-me according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described link E-(3), all gathers or adopts and stay greatly little, adopt to stay greatly and hour leave seedling and stolon.

9. the normalized planting method of the kiss-me according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8, is characterized in that: the control also comprising kiss-me disease:

1. the prevention and controls of powdery mildew is as follows: with 15% triadimefon, 800 times of liquid or 70% thiophanate methyl 800 times of liquid, every spray in 7 ~ 10 days once, or be 1000 times of liquid of white wine of 35% with alcohol content, within every 3 ~ 6 days, spray once, continuous spraying 3 to 6 times, rinses blade to without white powder; Or spray with 75% tpn wetting powder, 800 ~ 1000 times of liquid, spraying in 7 days 1 time, each production season uses 2 times; Or spray with 62.25% MnZn nitrile bacterium azoles wetting powder, 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid, interval spray in 7 ~ 10 days once, uses 2 ~ 3 times continuously;

10. the normalized planting method of the kiss-me according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8, is characterized in that: the control also comprising kiss-me insect pest:

2. the prevention and controls of cabbage caterpillar is as follows: adopt physical control and/or chemical control, wherein physical control: artificial searching larva is is also catched and killed; Chemical control: when cabbage caterpillar amount reaches 0.5/m ²time above, insecticide spraying, with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 90% chlorophos crystal, 1000 times of liquid, sprays 2 ~ 3 times; Or spray with 4.5% high performance aqueous emulsion of cypermethrin, 1500 ~ 2000 times of liquid.