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Managing mobility for human development: the growing salience of mixed migration

Author

Listed:
  • Van Hear, Nicholas
  • Brubaker, Rebecca
  • Bessa, Thais
Abstract
In the analysis of migration a basic distinction is often made between those who chose to move and those who are forced to – that is, between ‘voluntary’ and ‘forced’ migrants. This distinction is maintained in the policy world, where the governance of international migration is shaped by the conceptual distinction between ‘voluntary’ and ‘forced’ migration as mutually exclusive categories. In reality of course the distinction is far from clear-cut. Migration can be ‘mixed’ in several senses: motivations may be mixed at the point of making the decision to move, when there are often combinations of choice and compulsion in play; people may travel with others in mixed migratory flows; motivations may change en route; and people may find themselves in mixed communities during their journeys or at their destination. This paper explores the connections between mixed migration and human development, understood as the expansion of capabilities and choice (Sen 1999). It first clarifies some of the key concepts in the migration discourse, particularly the role of choice and compulsion in migration, before exploring the emergence of the notions of ‘mixed migration’ and the ‘migration-asylum nexus’ in the policy arena. The paper then turns to some of the manifestations of ‘mixed migration’ and the conditions migrants encounter in such migration streams. It next considers how mixed migration and migration policies – or ‘migration governance’ -- encounter one another. Finally, some policy conclusions are drawn from the evidence presented, pointing to the idea that the transnational practices that arise from mixed migration may constitute a ‘durable solution’ in settings of conflict and displacement.

Suggested Citation

  • Van Hear, Nicholas & Brubaker, Rebecca & Bessa, Thais, 2009. "Managing mobility for human development: the growing salience of mixed migration," MPRA Paper 19202, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:19202
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/19202/1/MPRA_paper_19202.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Oliver Bakewell, 2009. "South-South Migration and Human Development: Reflections on African Experiences," Human Development Research Papers (2009 to present) HDRP-2009-07, Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), revised Apr 2009.
    2. Bakewell, Oliver, 2009. "South-South Migration and Human Development: Reflections on African Experiences," MPRA Paper 19185, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Cited by:

    1. Florence Arestoff & Mélanie Kuhn & El Mouhoud Mouhoub, 2012. "Transferts de fonds des migrants en Afrique du Sud. Les conditions de départ du pays d'origine sont-elles déterminantes ?," Revue économique, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 63(3), pages 513-522.
    2. Anna Triandafyllidou, 2018. "Migrant Smuggling: Novel Insights and Implications for Migration Control Policies," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 676(1), pages 212-221, March.
    3. Marie-Pier Joly, 2019. "The Employment and Occupational Status of Migrants from Countries Experiencing Armed Conflict," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 1071-1095, November.
    4. Rachel Sabates-Wheeler, 2009. "The Impact of Irregular Status on Human Development Outcomes for Migrants," Human Development Research Papers (2009 to present) HDRP-2009-26, Human Development Report Office (HDRO), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), revised Jul 2009.
    5. Kristinn Sv. Helgason, 2020. "The economic and political costs of population displacement and their impact on the SDGs and multilateralism," Working Papers 167, United Nations, Department of Economics and Social Affairs.
    6. Fonner, Robert & Bohara, Alok K & Archambault, Stephen, 2018. "Migration Choices during Conflict in Nepal: Pull Forces and Landscape Interactions," International Journal of Development and Conflict, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, vol. 8(2), pages 46-61.
    7. Stephen Asafo Agyei, 2021. "The Dynamics of Remittances Impact: A Mixed-Method Approach to Understand Ghana’s Situation and the Way Forward," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-21, October.
    8. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10118 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    mixed migration; force and choice; refugees; migration policy; development;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Z1 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration

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