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EFICIENCIA TÉCNICA Y ESCALAS DE OPERACIÓN EN PESCA PELÁGICA: UN ANÁLISIS DE FRONTERAS ESTOCÁSTICAS (Pesquería Centro-Sur en Chile)

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Abstract
Este trabajo presenta estimaciones de eficiencia técnica en labores de pesca de la flota industrial en la pesquería pelágica Centro-Sur de Chile (regiones V a la X), con datos para 204 barcos a lo largo de 11 años (1985-95). Usamos un enfoque de fronteras estocásticas, según un modelo de estimación a la Battese-Coelli (1995). Los resultados de estimación rechazan la validez de la función Cobb-Douglas, a favor de una tipo Translog. La antigüedad y escala de operación (horas anuales de pesca) de cada barco obtienen significancia estadística al explicar las eficiencias estimadas al nivel de cada barco. Variables agregadas al nivel de empresa controladora, buscando controlar por efectos asociados a la escala de operación de cada empresa, también logran significancia estadística al explicar las eficiencias estimadas para cada barco. Un mayor número de barcos bajo control de una misma empresa induciría economías externas de búsqueda. No obstante, aumentos en la intensidad de uso de la flota total bajo control de una misma empresa generarían deseconomías externas al nivel de cada barco. Resultados con similares signos, aunque menos robustos, se obtienen para estas variables cuando son agregadas para la flota industrial en su conjunto. Nuestras estimaciones avalan la existencia de heterogeneidad productiva en esta flota industrial, en términos de diferencias no triviales en los rendimientos de pesca logrados por barcos de distinto tamaño y capacidad de desplazamiento. Los barcos más grandes obtienen en promedio los mayores niveles de eficiencia, y a la vez muestran la menor dispersión en las eficiencias estimadas para barcos en una misma categoría de tamaño.

Suggested Citation

  • Julio Peña-Torres & Michael Basch & Sebastian Vergara, "undated". "EFICIENCIA TÉCNICA Y ESCALAS DE OPERACIÓN EN PESCA PELÁGICA: UN ANÁLISIS DE FRONTERAS ESTOCÁSTICAS (Pesquería Centro-Sur en Chile)," ILADES-UAH Working Papers inv137, Universidad Alberto Hurtado/School of Economics and Business.
    • Handle: RePEc:ila:ilades:inv137
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