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Monetary Tightening, Inflation Drivers and Financial Stress

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Abstract
The paper explores the state–dependent effects of a monetary tightening on financial stress, focusing on a novel dimension: the nature of supply versus demand inflation at the time of policy rate hikes. We use local projections to estimate the effect of high frequency identified monetary policy surprises on a variety of financial stress measures, differentiating the effects based on whether inflation is supply–driven (e.g. due to adverse supply or cost–push shocks) or demand–driven (e.g. due to positive demand factors). We find that financial stress flares up after a policy rate hike when inflation is supply–driven, but it remains roughly unchanged, or even declines when inflation is demand–driven. Our findings point to a particular tension between price stability and financial stability when inflation is high and largely supply–driven.

Suggested Citation

  • Frederic Boissay & Fabrice Collard & Cristina Manea & Adam Hale Shapiro, 2023. "Monetary Tightening, Inflation Drivers and Financial Stress," Working Paper Series 2023-38, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedfwp:97503
    DOI: 10.24148/wp2023-38
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    supply and demand; inflation; monetary policy tightening; financial stresses;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models
    • E3 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
    • E6 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises

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