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Structural Changes in Japanese SMEs: Business Dynamism in Aging Society and Inter-Firm Transaction Network

Author

Listed:
  • Gee Hee HONG
  • ITO Arata
  • SAITO Yukiko
  • Thi-Ngoc Anh NGUYEN
Abstract
Smooth business succession is vital not only to the survival of a firm, but also to aggregate growth, employment and productivity in Japan. In this paper, we use a rich dataset of Japanese firms to document the changing patterns of firm exits in the context of the aging population and assess the economic costs of business succession issues. We find that the overall health of Japanese firms improved in recent years, with bankruptcy rate and the ratio of zombie firms both decreasing. However, the voluntary exit rate of firms, including profitable ones, has increased in recent years as elderly CEOs cannot find business successors. This has resulted in a deterioration of resource allocation and productivity at the aggregate level. Furthermore, voluntary exits have spillover effects through inter-firm networks and increase the likelihood of exits of connected firms, even when these connected firms are healthy. These findings underscore the importance of addressing business transition issues in a rapidly aging society.

Suggested Citation

  • Gee Hee HONG & ITO Arata & SAITO Yukiko & Thi-Ngoc Anh NGUYEN, 2020. "Structural Changes in Japanese SMEs: Business Dynamism in Aging Society and Inter-Firm Transaction Network," Policy Discussion Papers 20003, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    • Handle: RePEc:eti:polidp:20003
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    File URL: https://www.rieti.go.jp/jp/publications/pdp/20p003.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Masayuki Morikawa, 2023. "Productivity and wages of firms using COVID‐19‐related support policies," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 104(3), pages 202-213, May.
    2. MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki, 2021. "Productivity of Firms Using Relief Policies During the COVID-19 Crisis," Policy Discussion Papers 21006, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    3. FUKUGAWA Nobuya, 2022. "Effects of the Quality of Science and Innovation on Venture Finance: Evidence from University Spinoffs in Japan," Discussion papers 22006, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    4. Morikawa, Masayuki, 2021. "Productivity of firms using relief policies during the COVID-19 crisis," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    5. Miyakawa, Daisuke & Oikawa, Koki & Ueda, Kozo, 2021. "Firm Exit during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    6. MIYAKAWA Daisuke & OIKAWA Koki & UEDA Kozo, 2022. "Misallocation under the Shadow of Death," Discussion papers 22014, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).

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