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Welfare reform and lone mothers' employment in the US

Author

Listed:
  • Waldfogel, Jane
  • Danziger, Sandra K.
  • Danziger, Sheldon
  • Seefeldt, Kristin
Abstract
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996 represents a dramatic change in the US welfare state. One of its key goals was to move lone mothers, even those with young children, from welfare to work. Early evidence suggests that, in concert with a strong economy, progress has been made - welfare caseloads have fallen dramatically and the employment rates of lone mothers have increased substantially. In addition to the federal reforms, state level welfare reforms played an important role prior to 1996 and are playing an even more important role subsequent to 1996 as PRWORA gives states unprecedented flexibility in designing and implementing their welfare systems. In this paper, we examine some key state-level reforms, using evidence from selected states, to illustrate the three major types of policies used in the US to move lone mothers from welfare to work: mandating work (Michigan); making work pay (Michigan and Minnesota); and helping families with child care (Illinois). We conclude that each of these policies has a role to play in moving lone mothers from welfare to work, but that further policies are needed if the US is to also to do a better job of reducing child poverty.

Suggested Citation

  • Waldfogel, Jane & Danziger, Sandra K. & Danziger, Sheldon & Seefeldt, Kristin, 2001. "Welfare reform and lone mothers' employment in the US," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 6437, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    • Handle: RePEc:ehl:lserod:6437
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    File URL: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/6437/
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Signe-Mary McKernan & Robert I. Lerman & Nancy Pindus & Jesse Valente, 2000. "The Relationship between Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Locations, Changing Welfare Policies, and the Employment of Single Mothers," JCPR Working Papers 192, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research.
    2. Amy Johnson & Alicia Meckstroth, 1998. "Ancillary Services to Support Welfare-to-Work," Mathematica Policy Research Reports 0aa15be44f8b4caeb7be1a2fe, Mathematica Policy Research.
    3. repec:mpr:mprres:1873 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Karen Mason & Karen Kuhlthau, 1992. "The perceived impact of child care costs on women’s labor supply and fertility," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 29(4), pages 523-543, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hélène Perivier, 2007. "Les femmes sur le marché du travail aux États-Unis - Une mise en perspective avec la France et la Suède," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2007-07, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
    2. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/1203 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Hélène Périvier, 2007. "Les femmes sur le marché du travail aux Etats-Unis: une mise en perspective avec la France et la Suède," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-00972845, HAL.
    4. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/eu4vqp9ompqllr09hahqp4sa4 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/6142 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/eu4vqp9ompqllr09hahqp4sa4 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6142 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/1203 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Hélène Périvier, 2008. "Les femmes sur le marché du travail aux États-Unis," Documents de Travail de l'OFCE 2008-12, Observatoire Francais des Conjonctures Economiques (OFCE).
    10. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/6142 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Matthew Gray & David Stanton, 2004. "Lessons of United States welfare reforms for Australian social policy," Others 0405002, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Hélène Périvier, 2008. "Les femmes sur le marché du travail aux Etats-Unis," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-00973039, HAL.
    13. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/1203 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/6142 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Hélène Périvier, 2009. "Les femmes sur le marché du travail aux États-Unis," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-02081114, HAL.
    16. repec:hal:wpspec:info:hdl:2441/1203 is not listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    welfare; lone mothers; employment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
    • J00 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - General

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