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Une analyse de la dynamique de la dépendance à l'assistance-emploi des populations natives et immigrantes québécoises

Author

Listed:
  • Guy Lacroix
  • Gino Santarossa
  • Pierre Gagné
Abstract
Many recent empirical studies have shown that recent cohorts of immigrants to western countries face more hardship than previous cohorts. In Quebec, for instance, the welfare dependency rates of immigrants have steadily increased between 1982 and 1998 and are insensitive to fluctuations in the business cycles, contrary to what has been observed for natives. This study seeks to better understand the process of economic and social integration of immigrants to Quebec as seen through their dependency toward the employment-assistance program (welfare benefits program), relative to that of the natives. The analysis focuses on the dynamics of participation to the employment-assistance program between January 1975 and March 2000. The study is divided into separate sections: 1. A comparative analysis of schooling and income between natives and immigrants of Quebec, Ontario and British-Columbia. 2. A descriptive analysis of socio-demographic characteristics and participation rates in the employment-insurance program between 1975 and 2000. 3. An econometric analysis of the dynamics of program participation that highlights the contribution of many factors to the observed dynamics as well as the immigration status. Plusieurs recherches empiriques récentes ont établi que les cohortes récentes d'immigrants dans de nombreux pays occidentaux éprouvent davantage de difficultés à intégrer le marché du travail que les cohortes plus anciennes. Au Québec, les taux de dépendance à l'assistance-emploi de la clientèle immigrante sont croissants durant toute la période de 1982 à 1998 et varient très peu en fonction de la conjoncture économique, contrairement à ce qui est observé pour les natifs. Cette étude vise principalement à avoir une meilleure connaissance de l'intégration économique et sociale des immigrants au Québec vue à travers leur dépendance à l'assistance-emploi et comparée par rapport à celle des prestataires natifs. Dans l'étude, l'analyse de la dynamique de participation au programme d'assistance-emploi est examinée à partir des épisodes ayant débuté entre janvier 1975 et mars 2000. Dans l'étude, trois volets sont abordés : 1. Une évolution comparée de la scolarité et du revenu annuel moyen pour les populations natives et immigrantes résidant au Québec, en Ontario et en Colombie-Britannique; 2. Une description, des principales caractéristiques socio-démographiques des prestataires natifs et des prestataires immigrants présents au cours des années 1975 à 2000 et une analyse comparative de la dynamique de participation au programme d'assistance-emploi; 3. Une analyse économétrique comparative qui mesure la contribution de nombreux facteurs aux fluctuations de la dépendance à l'assistance-emploi.

Suggested Citation

  • Guy Lacroix & Gino Santarossa & Pierre Gagné, 2003. "Une analyse de la dynamique de la dépendance à l'assistance-emploi des populations natives et immigrantes québécoises," CIRANO Project Reports 2003rp-14, CIRANO.
    • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2003rp-14
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2003RP-14.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Quebec; Immigration; Employment-Assistance; Dependency; Québec; immigration; assistance-emploi; dépendance; conjoncture économique;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers

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