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Money markets, collateral and monetary policy

Author

Listed:
  • Fiorella De Fiore
  • Marie Hoerova
  • Harald Uhlig
Abstract
Interbank money markets have been subject to substantial impairments in the recent decade, such as a decline in unsecured lending and substantial increases in haircuts on posted collateral. This paper seeks to understand the implications of these developments for the broader economy and monetary policy. To that end, we develop a novel general equilibrium model featuring heterogeneous banks, interbank markets for both secured and unsecured credit, and a central bank. The model features a number of occasionally binding constraints. The interactions between these constraints - in particular leverage and liquidity constraints - are key in determining macroeconomic outcomes. We find that both secured and unsecured money market frictions force banks to either divert resources into unproductive but liquid assets or to de-lever, which leads to less lending and output. If the liquidity constraint is very tight, the leverage constraint may turn slack. In this case, there are large declines in lending and output. We show how central bank policies which increase the size of the central bank balance sheet can attenuate this decline.

Suggested Citation

  • Fiorella De Fiore & Marie Hoerova & Harald Uhlig, 2022. "Money markets, collateral and monetary policy," BIS Working Papers 997, Bank for International Settlements.
    • Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:997
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Massimiliano Affinito, 2019. "What do almost 20 years of micro data and two crises say about the relationship between central bank and interbank market liquidity? Evidence from Italy," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1238, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    2. Christian Bittner & Alexander Rodnyansky & Farzad Saidi & Yannick Timmer, 2021. "Mixing QE and Interest Rate Policies at the Effective Lower Bound: Micro Evidence from the Euro Area," CESifo Working Paper Series 9363, CESifo.
    3. Li, Renzhi, 2024. "Promoting green development through collateral-based monetary policy," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    4. Gianluca Benigno & Pierpaolo Benigno, 2022. "Managing Monetary Policy Normalization," Staff Reports 1015, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    5. Hanming Fang & Yongqin Wang & Xian Wu, 2020. "The Collateral Channel of Monetary Policy: Evidence from China," NBER Working Papers 26792, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Mendicino, Caterina & Nikolov, Kalin & Ramirez, Juan-Rubio & Suarez, Javier & Supera, Dominik, 2020. "Twin defaults and bank capital requirements," Working Paper Series 2414, European Central Bank.
    7. Javier Bianchi & Saki Bigio, 2022. "Banks, Liquidity Management, and Monetary Policy," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 90(1), pages 391-454, January.
    8. De Fiore, Fiorella & Hoerova, Marie & Uhlig, Harald, 2019. "What is the macroeconomic impact of changing money market conditions?," Research Bulletin, European Central Bank, vol. 57.
    9. d'Avernas, Adrien & Vandeweyer, Quentin & Darracq Pariès, Matthieu, 2020. "Unconventional monetary policy and funding liquidity risk," Working Paper Series 2350, European Central Bank.
    10. Laeven, Luc & Maddaloni, Angela & Mendicino, Caterina, 2022. "Monetary policy, macroprudential policy and financial stability," Working Paper Series 2647, European Central Bank.
    11. Saki Bigio & Yuliy Sannikov, 2019. "A Model of Intermediation, Money, Interest, and Prices," Working Papers 150, Peruvian Economic Association.
    12. Nissinen, Juuso & Sihvonen, Markus, 2024. "Bond convenience curves and funding costs," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    13. Saleem Bahaj & Ricardo Reis, 2022. "Central Bank Swap Lines: Evidence on the Effects of the Lender of Last Resort," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 89(4), pages 1654-1693.
    14. Gianluca Benigno & Pierpaolo Benigno, 2021. "Interest, Reserves, and Prices," Staff Reports 971, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    15. Giovanardi, Francesco & Kaldorf, Matthias & Radke, Lucas & Wicknig, Florian, 2022. "The preferential treatment of green bonds," Discussion Papers 51/2022, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    16. Lenel, Moritz & Piazzesi, Monika & Schneider, Martin, 2019. "The short rate disconnect in a monetary economy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 59-77.
    17. Corradin, Stefano & Hoerova, Marie & Schepens, Glenn, 2021. "Euro area money markets over the past 15 years: changes, driving factors and implications for monetary policy," Research Bulletin, European Central Bank, vol. 82.
    18. Caterina Mendicino & Kalin Nikolov & Juan Rubio-Ramirez & Javier Suarez & Dominik Supera, 2020. "Twin Default Crises," Working Papers wp2020_2006, CEMFI.
    19. Piazzesi, Monika & Lenel, Moritz & Schneider, Martin, 2019. "The Short Rate Disconnect in a Monetary Economy," CEPR Discussion Papers 13947, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    20. Ulrich Bindseil & Edoardo Lanari, 2020. "Fire Sales, the LOLR and Bank Runs with Continuous Asset Liquidity," Papers 2010.11030, arXiv.org.
    21. Florian Heider & Farzad Saidi & Glenn Schepens, 2021. "Banks and Negative Interest Rates," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 13(1), pages 201-218, November.
    22. Wang, Tianxi, 2021. "Government Bonds, Bank Liquidity and Non-Neutrality of Monetary Policy in the Steady," Economics Discussion Papers 29502, University of Essex, Department of Economics.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    money markets; collateral; monetary policy; balance sheet policies.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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