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The impact of the EU General Data Protection Regulation on innovation in firms

Author

Listed:
  • Blind, Knut
  • Niebel, Crispin Miles
  • Rammer, Christian
Abstract
In May 2018, a new regulation by the European Commission on data protection came into force, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). It requires many firms to update their data protection strategy. It may also complicate different types of data usage, particularly related to data on individuals. In the literature, there is little evidence and no consensus on whether this new privacy regulation is beneficial or detrimental to innovation. This study provides empirical evidence on the impact of the GDPR on innovation activities in firms. Exploiting panel data from the German innovation survey, a difference-in-difference analysis shows that the GDPR stimulated additional innovation activity while shifting the focus of innovation away from radical and towards more incremental innovation. This holds for both firms that report that the GDPR complicated their innovation efforts, and for the much smaller group of firms that report that the GDPR facilitated their innovation activities. Finally, larger and older firms experience higher increases in their turnover with incremental innovation compared to smaller and younger firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Blind, Knut & Niebel, Crispin Miles & Rammer, Christian, 2022. "The impact of the EU General Data Protection Regulation on innovation in firms," ZEW Discussion Papers 22-047, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zewdip:22047
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Rammer, Christian, 2022. "Measuring process innovation output: Results from firm-level panel data," ZEW Discussion Papers 22-002, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Anastasia A. Morosanova, 2023. "Strengthening personal data regulation in Russia: Economic implications and risks," Upravlenets, Ural State University of Economics, vol. 14(5), pages 29-46, November.
    2. Garrett A. Johnson, 2022. "Economic Research on Privacy Regulation: Lessons from the GDPR and Beyond," NBER Chapters, in: The Economics of Privacy, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Carl Benedikt Frey & Giorgio Presidente, 2024. "Privacy regulation and firm performance: Estimating the GDPR effect globally," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 62(3), pages 1074-1089, July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    General Data Protection Regulation; Innovation; Community Innovation Survey; Difference-in-difference estimation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • L51 - Industrial Organization - - Regulation and Industrial Policy - - - Economics of Regulation

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