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Spatial patterns in new firm formation: are cooperatives different?

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  • Millán Díaz-Foncea
  • Carmen Marcuello
Abstract
Panel data on the entry of both worker cooperative and capitalist firms in Spain are used to test the spatial determinants at regional level. Cooperative firms in general are also included in the analysis. We focus on supply, demand and institutional factors, including specific factors of cooperatives as model of analysis. Data are for the period 1995–2009 for NUT-2 regions in Spain, one of the European countries with a more dynamic cooperative sector. Results show the main determinant of the creation of worker cooperatives is the unemployment level, followed by the wage level in the region, the population growth and the emergence of strong cooperative culture. We also find the party in the regional government affects to the creation rate. Compared with capitalist firms, we observe a contrary sense in the influence of unemployment level and a higher importance of the influence of the governing party. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Millán Díaz-Foncea & Carmen Marcuello, 2015. "Spatial patterns in new firm formation: are cooperatives different?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 171-187, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:sbusec:v:44:y:2015:i:1:p:171-187
    DOI: 10.1007/s11187-014-9581-5
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    3. Maria Bastida & Ana Olveira & Miguel Ángel Vázquez Taín, 2023. "Are cooperatives gender sensitive? A confirmatory and predictive analysis of women's collective entrepreneurship," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 94(4), pages 1035-1059, December.
    4. Adil Outla & Koraich Almahdi & Moustapha Hamzaoui, 2020. "Spatial and Externality Determinants of Co-operatives and their Growth Dynamics in Morocco," Working Papers hal-03089872, HAL.
    5. Burdin, Gabriel & Garcia-Louzao, Jose, 2023. "Employee-Owned Firms and the Careers of Young Workers," IZA Discussion Papers 15880, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. María Candelaria Barrios‐González & Ana María García‐Pérez & Vanessa Yanes‐Estévez, 2024. "Cooperative employment in the regions of Spain (1999–2019): The convergence clubs," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 95(2), pages 305-325, June.
    7. Fenjie Long & Longfei Zheng & Haifeng Qian, 2023. "Entrepreneurship in China’s peripheral regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 70(1), pages 287-313, February.
    8. Maria Bastida & Luisa Helena Pinto & Ana Olveira Blanco & Maite Cancelo, 2020. "Female Entrepreneurship: Can Cooperatives Contribute to Overcoming the Gender Gap? A Spanish First Step to Equality," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-17, March.
    9. Mercè Sala‐Ríos, 2024. "What are the determinants affecting cooperatives’ profitability? Evidence from Spain," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 95(1), pages 85-111, March.
    10. Maria Bastida & Alberto Vaquero García & Luisa Helena Pinto & Ana Olveira Blanco, 2022. "Motivational drivers to choose worker cooperatives as an entrepreneurial alternative: evidence from Spain," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 1609-1626, March.
    11. Isabel Saz-Gil & Ignacio Bretos & Millán Díaz-Foncea, 2021. "Cooperatives and Social Capital: A Narrative Literature Review and Directions for Future Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-18, January.
    12. Carmen GUZMAN & Francisco J. SANTOS & María de la O BARROSO, 2020. "Cooperative Essence And Entrepreneurial Quality: A Comparative Contextual Analysis," Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 91(1), pages 95-118, March.
    13. Carmen Guzmán & Francisco J. Santos & María de la O. Barroso, 2020. "Analysing the links between cooperative principles, entrepreneurial orientation and performance," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 55(4), pages 1075-1089, December.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cooperative firms; Firm entry; Inter-organizational comparison; Spatial patterns; Spain; L2; L26; P13; R3;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L2 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • P13 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Cooperative Enterprises
    • R3 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location

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