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Distributional impacts of the rice tariffication policy in the Philippines

Author

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  • Balié, Jean
  • Minot, Nicholas
  • Valera, Harold Glenn A.
Abstract
In March 2019, the government of the Philippines promulgated a bill called the Rice Tariffication Law (RTL). It has dramatically changed the policy landscape in the rice sector and generated heated debates on how it would affect food security and poverty. This study explores the welfare effects of this reform across different types of households. We rely on the IRRI Global Rice Model to simulate the domestic price effects of the reform (Balié and Valera, 2020) and the Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) to study the welfare impact of these price changes. Our results show that the RTL reduces consumer and producer rice prices, which affects households on the production and the consumption sides. Because a large majority of households are net buyers of rice and the policy reform reduces rice prices, most households benefit from the reform. Overall, the effects of the reform on poverty are beneficial. The poorest quintiles are positively affected, while the richest quintiles are unaffected or slightly worse-off. Spatially, the poorest regions also benefit the most. However, the rice growers who are net sellers are negatively impacted. The government should seek to mitigate the negative effects on non-competitive rice growers. Investments in public goods and services are a promising option to ease the emergence of on-farm and off-farm businesses as more profitable alternatives to rice production.

Suggested Citation

  • Balié, Jean & Minot, Nicholas & Valera, Harold Glenn A., 2021. "Distributional impacts of the rice tariffication policy in the Philippines," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 289-306.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecanpo:v:69:y:2021:i:c:p:289-306
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2020.12.005
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    Cited by:

    1. Valera, Harold Glenn A. & Yamano, Takashi & Pede, Valerien O., 2021. "Potential trade policy reforms in Southeast Asian rice markets: Domestic and international impacts," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313904, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    2. Valera, Harold Glenn & Yamano, Takashi & Pede, Valerien, 2021. "Impact of Rice Trade Policy in Southeast Asia," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315265, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    3. Hoang, Hoa T.K. & Thompson, Wyatt & Kwon, Sanguk, 2021. "Low-Income Household Food Consumption Consequences of Rice Policy and Pandemic Impacts on Income and Price in Thailand," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 52(2), July.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Welfare effects; Regional analysis; Price change; Rice policy; Philippines;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D60 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - General
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade

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