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„Ghosting“ im Handwerk – Warum Lehrlinge nicht zum Ausbildungsbeginn erscheinen

Author

Listed:
  • Andrea Greilinger
  • Thomas Zwick
Abstract
Es gibt Anzeichen dafür, dass „Ghosting“ – das Nichtantreten einer Stelle bei Arbeitsbeginn – in Deutschland immer häufiger wird. Der vorliegende Beitrag liefert erstmals eine empirische Analyse des Umfangs und der Bestimmungsgründe von Ghosting bei Ausbildungsstellen im Handwerk. Er ordnet Ghosting zudem in den Kontext vorzeitiger Vertragslösungen während der Ausbildung ein und vergleicht die Inzidenz, Determinanten und Konsequenzen beider Phänomene. Basierend auf allen zwischen 2015 bis 2017 registrierten Ausbildungsverträgen bei der Handwerkskammer der Pfalz wird der Effekt von individuellen und betriebsbezogenen Merkmalen sowie Charakteristika des Vertragsverhältnisses auf die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Auftretens von Ghosting berechnet und anschließend analysiert, inwieweit sich Ghosting von vorzeitigen Vertragslösungen nach Antritt unterscheidet. Ältere Bewerber mit maximal einem Hauptschulabschluss erscheinen signifikant häufiger nicht zum Ausbildungsbeginn als jüngere mit höheren Schulabschlüssen. Betriebe mit Engpassberufen und Betriebe, die überdurchschnittlich gut bezahlen, sind besonders wenig von Ghosting betroffen. Ghosting ist im Vergleich zu Lösungen nach Antritt stärker betriebsgrößen- und branchenabhängig und korreliert stärker mit dem Geschlecht, Alter und der Staatsangehörigkeit der Auszubildenden. Wir diskutieren Managementimplikationen aus diesen Befunden. Trans-Abstract: There are indications that “ghosting” – not taking up a job when it starts – is becoming more frequent in Germany. This paper is the first to provide an empirical analysis of the extent and determinants of ghosting for apprenticeship training positions in the crafts sector. It also places ghosting in the context of premature contract terminations during apprenticeship training and compares the incidence, determinants, and consequences of both phenomena. The analysis is based on all apprenticeship training contracts registered with the Chamber of Skilled Crafts of the Palatinate between 2015 and 2017. We calculate the effect of individual and company-related characteristics as well as characteristics of the contractual relationship on the probability of the occurrence of ghosting. Furthermore, we analyze the drivers of ghosting compared to premature contract terminations during apprenticeship training. Older applicants with a lower secondary school leaving certificate or less are significantly more likely not to show up at the start of apprenticeship training than younger applicants with higher school leaving certificates. Companies with bottleneck occupations and companies that pay above-average wages are less affected by ghosting. Compared to terminations during apprenticeship training, ghosting is more strongly dependent on company size and industry and correlates more strongly with trainees’ gender, age, and nationality. We discuss management implications from these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrea Greilinger & Thomas Zwick, 2022. "„Ghosting“ im Handwerk – Warum Lehrlinge nicht zum Ausbildungsbeginn erscheinen," ZfKE – Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 70(3-4), pages 123-149.
    • Handle: RePEc:dah:aeqzfk:v70_y2022_i3-4_q3-4_p123-149
    DOI: 10.3790/zfke.70.3-4.123
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