CCL21

CCL21
Dostupne strukture
PDB	Pretraga ortologa: PDBe RCSB
Spisak PDB ID kodova
	2L4N
Identifikatori
Aliasi	CCL21
Vanjski ID-jevi	OMIM: 602737 MGI: 1349183 HomoloGene: 2247 GeneCards: CCL21
Lokacija gena (čovjek)
Hrom.	Hromosom 9 (čovjek)
Kraj	34,710,136 bp
Lokacija gena (miš)
Hrom.	Hromosom 4 (miš)
Kraj	42,773,993 bp
Obrazac RNK ekspresije
	Više referentnih podataka o ekspresiji
Ontologija gena
Molekularna funkcija	• cytokine activity; • chemokine receptor binding; • CCR7 chemokine receptor binding; • chemokine activity; • CCR chemokine receptor binding; • GO:0001948, GO:0016582 vezivanje za proteine;
Ćelijska komponenta	• extracellular region; • Vanćelijsko;
Biološki proces	• negative regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling; • release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; • positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis; • positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling; • positive regulation of cell motility; • positive regulation of actin filament polymerization; • monocyte chemotaxis; • GO:0032861, GO:0032862, GO:0032856 activation of GTPase activity; • ruffle organization; • positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion; • chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; • cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; • cell-cell signaling; • T cell costimulation; • cell maturation; • positive regulation of JNK cascade; • dendritic cell chemotaxis; • negative regulation of dendritic cell dendrite assembly; • positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity; • Hemotaksija; • response to prostaglandin E; • positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation; • dendritic cell dendrite assembly; • positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly; • mesangial cell-matrix adhesion; • positive regulation of chemotaxis; • cellular response to interleukin-1; • GO:0046730, GO:0046737, GO:0046738, GO:0046736 Imuni odgovor; • establishment of T cell polarity; • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; • positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process; • cellular response to interferon-gamma; • positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; • cell chemotaxis; • lymphocyte chemotaxis; • positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; • positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; • immunological synapse formation; • positive regulation of filopodium assembly; • positive regulation of T cell migration; • positive regulation of myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis; • positive regulation of protein kinase activity; • inflammatory response; • antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide; • regulation of signaling receptor activity; • G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; • negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process; • positive regulation of T cell chemotaxis; • neutrophil chemotaxis; • chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 signaling pathway; • GO:0032320, GO:0032321, GO:0032855, GO:0043089, GO:0032854 positive regulation of GTPase activity; • cellular response to chemokine;
	Izvori:Amigo / QuickGO
Ortolozi
	6366
	18829
	ENSG00000137077
	ENSMUSG00000094686
	O00585
	P84444
	NM_002989
	NM_011124
	NP_002980
	NP_035254
	Wikipodaci
Pogledaj/uredi – čovjek	Pogledaj/uredi – miš

Hemokinski (C-C motivni) ligand 21 (CCL21) jest mali citokin hemokinske porodice CC. Ovaj hemokin je poznat i kao 6Ckin (jer ima šest konzerviranih cisteinskih ostataka umjesto četiri cisteina tipska za hemokine), egzodus-2 i sekundarni limfoidni tkivni hemokin (SLC).^[5]^[6]^[7]

Aminokiselinska sekvenca

Dužina polipeptidnog lanca je 134 aminokiseline, а molekulska težina 14.646 Da.^[8]

C: Cistein

D: Asparaginska kiselina

E: Glutaminska kiselina

F: Fenilalanin

G: Glicin

H: Histidin

I: Izoleucin

K: Lizin

L: Leucin

M: Metionin

N: Asparagin

P: Prolin

Q: Glutamin

R: Arginin

S: Serin

T: Treonin

V: Valin

W: Triptofan

Y: Tirozin

10	20	30	40	50
MAQSLALSLL	ILVLAFGIPR	TQGSDGGAQD	CCLKYSQRKI	PAKVVRSYRK
QEPSLGCSIP	AILFLPRKRS	QAELCADPKE	LWVQQLMQHL	DKTPSPQKPA
QGCRKDRGAS	KTGKKGKGSK	GCKRTERSQT	PKGP

Gen

Gen za CCL21 se nalazi na ljudskom hromohomu 9. CCL21 izaziva svoje efekte vezanjem za ćelijsku površinu hemokinski receptor poznat kao CCR7.^[9]

U ljudskim limfnim čvorovima, fibroblastne mrežaste ćelije (FRC) eksprimiraju CCL21 kao hemoatraktant koji nevine, CCR7 eksprimirajuće T-ćelije vodi u zonu T-ćelija.^[10]

Reference

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137077 - Ensembl, maj 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000094686 - Ensembl, maj 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Hedrick JA, Zlotnik A (august 1997). "Identification and characterization of a novel beta chemokine containing six conserved cysteines". Journal of Immunology. 159 (4): 1589–93. PMID 9257816.
^ Hromas R, Kim CH, Klemsz M, Krathwohl M, Fife K, Cooper S, Schnizlein-Bick C, Broxmeyer HE (septembar 1997). "Isolation and characterization of Exodus-2, a novel C-C chemokine with a unique 37-amino acid carboxyl-terminal extension". Journal of Immunology. 159 (6): 2554–8. PMID 9300671.
^ Nagira M, Imai T, Hieshima K, Kusuda J, Ridanpää M, Takagi S, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Nomiyama H, Yoshie O (august 1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine that is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes and mapped to chromosome 9p13". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (31): 19518–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19518. PMID 9235955.
^ "UniProt, O00585". Pristupljeno 2021-09-0. Provjerite vrijednost datuma u parametru: |access-date= (pomoć)
^ Yoshida R, Nagira M, Kitaura M, Imagawa N, Imai T, Yoshie O (mart 1998). "Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine is a functional ligand for the CC chemokine receptor CCR7". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (12): 7118–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.12.7118. PMID 9507024.
^ Mueller SN, Germain RN (septembar 2009). "Stromal cell contributions to the homeostasis and functionality of the immune system". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 9 (9): 618–29. doi:10.1038/nri2588. PMC 2785037. PMID 19644499.

Dopunska literatura

Nagira M, Imai T, Hieshima K, Kusuda J, Ridanpää M, Takagi S, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Nomiyama H, Yoshie O (august 1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine that is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes and mapped to chromosome 9p13". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (31): 19518–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19518. PMID 9235955.
Hedrick JA, Zlotnik A (august 1997). "Identification and characterization of a novel beta chemokine containing six conserved cysteines". Journal of Immunology. 159 (4): 1589–93. PMID 9257816.
Hromas R, Kim CH, Klemsz M, Krathwohl M, Fife K, Cooper S, Schnizlein-Bick C, Broxmeyer HE (septembar 1997). "Isolation and characterization of Exodus-2, a novel C-C chemokine with a unique 37-amino acid carboxyl-terminal extension". Journal of Immunology. 159 (6): 2554–8. PMID 9300671.
Gunn MD, Tangemann K, Tam C, Cyster JG, Rosen SD, Williams LT (januar 1998). "A chemokine expressed in lymphoid high endothelial venules promotes the adhesion and chemotaxis of naive T lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 95 (1): 258–63. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.1.258. PMC 18193. PMID 9419363.
Yoshida R, Nagira M, Kitaura M, Imagawa N, Imai T, Yoshie O (mart 1998). "Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine is a functional ligand for the CC chemokine receptor CCR7". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (12): 7118–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.12.7118. PMID 9507024.
Campbell JJ, Bowman EP, Murphy K, Youngman KR, Siani MA, Thompson DA, Wu L, Zlotnik A, Butcher EC (maj 1998). "6-C-kine (SLC), a lymphocyte adhesion-triggering chemokine expressed by high endothelium, is an agonist for the MIP-3beta receptor CCR7". The Journal of Cell Biology. 141 (4): 1053–9. doi:10.1083/jcb.141.4.1053. PMC 2132769. PMID 9585422.
Jenh CH, Cox MA, Kaminski H, Zhang M, Byrnes H, Fine J, Lundell D, Chou CC, Narula SK, Zavodny PJ (april 1999). "Cutting edge: species specificity of the CC chemokine 6Ckine signaling through the CXC chemokine receptor CXCR3: human 6Ckine is not a ligand for the human or mouse CXCR3 receptors". Journal of Immunology. 162 (7): 3765–9. PMID 10201891.
Gosling J, Dairaghi DJ, Wang Y, Hanley M, Talbot D, Miao Z, Schall TJ (mart 2000). "Cutting edge: identification of a novel chemokine receptor that binds dendritic cell- and T cell-active chemokines including ELC, SLC, and TECK". Journal of Immunology. 164 (6): 2851–6. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.6.2851. PMID 10706668.
Annunziato F, Romagnani P, Cosmi L, Beltrame C, Steiner BH, Lazzeri E, Raport CJ, Galli G, Manetti R, Mavilia C, Vanini V, Chantry D, Maggi E, Romagnani S (juli 2000). "Macrophage-derived chemokine and EBI1-ligand chemokine attract human thymocytes in different stage of development and are produced by distinct subsets of medullary epithelial cells: possible implications for negative selection". Journal of Immunology. 165 (1): 238–46. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.1.238. PMID 10861057.
Hirose J, Kawashima H, Yoshie O, Tashiro K, Miyasaka M (februar 2001). "Versican interacts with chemokines and modulates cellular responses". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (7): 5228–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M007542200. PMID 11083865.
Till KJ, Lin K, Zuzel M, Cawley JC (april 2002). "The chemokine receptor CCR7 and alpha4 integrin are important for migration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells into lymph nodes". Blood. 99 (8): 2977–84. doi:10.1182/blood.V99.8.2977. PMID 11929789.
Grant AJ, Goddard S, Ahmed-Choudhury J, Reynolds G, Jackson DG, Briskin M, Wu L, Hübscher SG, Adams DH (april 2002). "Hepatic expression of secondary lymphoid chemokine (CCL21) promotes the development of portal-associated lymphoid tissue in chronic inflammatory liver disease". The American Journal of Pathology. 160 (4): 1445–55. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62570-9. PMC 1867219. PMID 11943728.
Banas B, Wörnle M, Berger T, Nelson PJ, Cohen CD, Kretzler M, Pfirstinger J, Mack M, Lipp M, Gröne HJ, Schlöndorff D (maj 2002). "Roles of SLC/CCL21 and CCR7 in human kidney for mesangial proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and tissue homeostasis". Journal of Immunology. 168 (9): 4301–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.9.4301. PMID 11970971.
Christopherson KW, Hood AF, Travers JB, Ramsey H, Hromas RA (februar 2003). "Endothelial induction of the T-cell chemokine CCL21 in T-cell autoimmune diseases". Blood. 101 (3): 801–6. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-05-1586. PMID 12393410.
Stein JV, Soriano SF, M'rini C, Nombela-Arrieta C, de Buitrago GG, Rodríguez-Frade JM, Mellado M, Girard JP, Martínez-A C (januar 2003). "CCR7-mediated physiological lymphocyte homing involves activation of a tyrosine kinase pathway". Blood. 101 (1): 38–44. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-03-0841. PMID 12393730.
Wolf M, Clark-Lewis I, Buri C, Langen H, Lis M, Mazzucchelli L (april 2003). "Cathepsin D specifically cleaves the chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta, and SLC that are expressed in human breast cancer". The American Journal of Pathology. 162 (4): 1183–90. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63914-4. PMC 1851240. PMID 12651610.
Weninger W, Carlsen HS, Goodarzi M, Moazed F, Crowley MA, Baekkevold ES, Cavanagh LL, von Andrian UH (maj 2003). "Naive T cell recruitment to nonlymphoid tissues: a role for endothelium-expressed CC chemokine ligand 21 in autoimmune disease and lymphoid neogenesis". Journal of Immunology. 170 (9): 4638–48. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.9.4638. PMID 12707342.
Nagakubo D, Murai T, Tanaka T, Usui T, Matsumoto M, Sekiguchi K, Miyasaka M (juli 2003). "A high endothelial venule secretory protein, mac25/angiomodulin, interacts with multiple high endothelial venule-associated molecules including chemokines". Journal of Immunology. 171 (2): 553–61. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.2.553. PMID 12847218.

Vanjski linkovi

Lokacija ljudskog genoma CCL21 i stranica sa detaljima o genu CCL21 u UCSC Genome Browseru.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137077 - Ensembl, maj 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000094686 - Ensembl, maj 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid9257816-5] Hedrick JA, Zlotnik A (august 1997). "Identification and characterization of a novel beta chemokine containing six conserved cysteines". Journal of Immunology. 159 (4): 1589–93. PMID 9257816.

[pmid9300671-6] Hromas R, Kim CH, Klemsz M, Krathwohl M, Fife K, Cooper S, Schnizlein-Bick C, Broxmeyer HE (septembar 1997). "Isolation and characterization of Exodus-2, a novel C-C chemokine with a unique 37-amino acid carboxyl-terminal extension". Journal of Immunology. 159 (6): 2554–8. PMID 9300671.

[pmid9235955-7] Nagira M, Imai T, Hieshima K, Kusuda J, Ridanpää M, Takagi S, Nishimura M, Kakizaki M, Nomiyama H, Yoshie O (august 1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel human CC chemokine secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine that is a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes and mapped to chromosome 9p13". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (31): 19518–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.31.19518. PMID 9235955.

[UniProt-8] "UniProt, O00585". Pristupljeno 2021-09-0. Provjerite vrijednost datuma u parametru: |access-date= (pomoć)

[pmid9507024-9] Yoshida R, Nagira M, Kitaura M, Imagawa N, Imai T, Yoshie O (mart 1998). "Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine is a functional ligand for the CC chemokine receptor CCR7". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (12): 7118–22. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.12.7118. PMID 9507024.

[10] Mueller SN, Germain RN (septembar 2009). "Stromal cell contributions to the homeostasis and functionality of the immune system". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 9 (9): 618–29. doi:10.1038/nri2588. PMC 2785037. PMID 19644499.

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