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- The siege of Herat (Persian: فتح هرات) (late March 1856-26 October 1856) was the invasion of the surrounding realm of Herat and the successful siege of its citadel by the Qajar army led by Hesam o-Saltaneh, Soltan Morad Mirza. The 1856 siege was part of the concerted Qajar effort to compensate the recent territorial losses in the Russo-Persian Wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 by reconquering western Afghanistan, which had historically been a part of Persia's domain. The conflict was also a part of the broader Great Game between the British Empire and the Russian Empire. The Persian expedition into Herat was contrary to an agreement with the United Kingdom signed by Naser al-Din Shah in January 1853. According to this agreement, the Persian Government would refrain from sending troops to or interfering in the internal affairs of Herat. The siege was a major point of contention in the breakdown of Anglo-Persian relations and eventually became the catalyst for the Anglo-Persian War. After successfully capturing Herat, British agents were either expelled from Persia or left on their own accord. Despite dispatching Farrokh Khan Ghaffari to negotiate a diplomatic solution, the British were already preparing military action against Persia by July 1856. The British would inevitably issue a declaration of war on Persia from Calcutta on 1 November 1856. The Persian army would continue to occupy Herat and would only leave in compliance with the Treaty of Paris that ended the Anglo-Persian War. However, the Persian government managed to install Sultan Ahmad Khan as the puppet ruler of Herat prior to the ratification of the peace treaty with Britain. (en)
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- ----
- Supported by:
- Emirate of Afghanistan
- State of Persia
- Emirate of Herat
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- *Persianoccupation ofHerat
- Persian Victory
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- Unknown
- *16 Infantry Regiments
- *Artillery Units
- *Regular and Irregular Cavalry
- 20,000 total troops
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- 50383 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- View of Herat from the Citadel by Illustrated London News (en)
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- Emirate of Afghanistan (en)
- State of Persia (en)
- Emirate of Herat
----
Supported by: (en)
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- * Mohammad Yusuf Sadozai
* 'Isa Khan Bardurrani
* Sardar Majid Khan (en)
- * Naser al-Din Shah
* Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri
* Hesam o-Saltaneh (en)
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- 0001-10-26 (xsd:gMonthDay)
- (en)
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- Persian Victory
* Persian occupation of Herat (en)
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- 20000 (xsd:integer)
- Unknown (en)
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| dbp:text
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- “Thanks to Murtaza 'Ali's blessings, peace be upon him, this was a praiseworthy victory and the eyes of the enemy, particularly the British, turned blind [with jealousy]. Hundred and ten gun salutes were fired in honor of his holiness 'Ali.” (en)
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- The siege of Herat (Persian: فتح هرات) (late March 1856-26 October 1856) was the invasion of the surrounding realm of Herat and the successful siege of its citadel by the Qajar army led by Hesam o-Saltaneh, Soltan Morad Mirza. The 1856 siege was part of the concerted Qajar effort to compensate the recent territorial losses in the Russo-Persian Wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 by reconquering western Afghanistan, which had historically been a part of Persia's domain. The conflict was also a part of the broader Great Game between the British Empire and the Russian Empire. (en)
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- Siege of Herat (1856) (en)
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- Siege of Herat (1856) (en)
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