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WO2023002695A1 - Transportation and delivery system - Google Patents

Transportation and delivery system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023002695A1
WO2023002695A1 PCT/JP2022/012505 JP2022012505W WO2023002695A1 WO 2023002695 A1 WO2023002695 A1 WO 2023002695A1 JP 2022012505 W JP2022012505 W JP 2022012505W WO 2023002695 A1 WO2023002695 A1 WO 2023002695A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
delivery
transportation
articles
order
shipping
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2022/012505
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
小原生光
古橋正得
野畑茂広
Original Assignee
株式会社豊田自動織機
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社豊田自動織機 filed Critical 株式会社豊田自動織機
Publication of WO2023002695A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023002695A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G61/00—Use of pick-up or transfer devices or of manipulators for stacking or de-stacking articles not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
    • B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
    • B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transportation and delivery system.
  • Patent Document 1 Conventionally, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known as a transportation and delivery system.
  • This transportation/delivery system sorts articles according to a predetermined plan in an automated warehouse, transports the sorted articles to a stowage location, and performs stowage and shipment.
  • the transportation and delivery system described above is installed at a huge distribution base.
  • the gigantic distribution base automatically sorts and ships goods by area using a transportation delivery system so that they are distributed and delivered to the distribution bases set up in each area.
  • the goods delivered by the transport vehicle from the distribution base are unloaded, sorted again, and loaded into the next transport vehicle. Therefore, there arises a problem that the work time and work cost for unloading and loading goods at each physical distribution base increases.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a transportation and delivery system that can reduce the work time and work cost at each distribution base.
  • a transportation and delivery system is a transportation and delivery system in inter-base physical distribution between a first physical distribution base having an automated warehouse for storing and transporting goods and another second physical distribution base.
  • a transportation and delivery management unit for managing the transportation and delivery of goods; and a shipping state optimization calculation unit for optimizing the shipping state of the goods at the first physical distribution base, wherein the transportation and delivery management unit includes at least the goods shipping instruction information based on receipt information including information about the second distribution base and final delivery destination that receives the goods, and delivery information including at least information about the delivery order of the goods, and the shipping state optimization calculation unit, Based on the shipping instruction information, the delivery order of articles from the automated warehouse to be shipped to the second physical distribution base is adjusted.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit generates shipping instruction information based on receipt information including at least information regarding the second distribution base for receiving the item and the final delivery destination, and delivery information including at least information regarding the delivery order of the item. can be done.
  • the transportation/delivery management department issues shipping instructions in consideration of the order in which the goods shipped from the first physical distribution base will be delivered to the second physical distribution base and the final delivery destination. Information can be generated. Therefore, based on the shipping instruction information, the shipping state optimization calculation unit determines the delivery order of articles from the automated warehouse to be shipped to the second distribution base so as to reduce the amount of work at the second distribution base. can be adjusted. As described above, the work time and work cost at each physical distribution base can be reduced.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit may have a sorting control unit that controls the shipping order by controlling the sorting work of the items in the automated warehouse based on the shipping instruction information.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation section can optimize the sorting work of the articles in the automated warehouse so that the shipping order is such that the amount of work at the second physical distribution base can be reduced.
  • the first physical distribution base is equipped with a stowage device that stacks the goods taken out of the automated warehouse onto a trolley for transportation mounted on the transport vehicle. It may have a stowage control unit that controls the stowage device and controls the stowage order of the articles onto the transport carriage.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit optimizes the work of loading the articles onto the transport trolley by the loading device so as to achieve a stowage order that can reduce the amount of work at the second distribution base.
  • the articles delivered from the automated warehouse are loaded onto the transport vehicle in a state of being stacked on the transport trolley, and the multiple transport trolleys may have a unified configuration. In this case, it is possible to efficiently load and unload the carts to and from the transport vehicles at each physical distribution base.
  • a plurality of articles shipped from a first distribution base are delivered to a plurality of second distribution bases by a carrier vehicle, and are unloaded and loaded in order at each of the second distribution bases, and the shipping state optimization calculation unit may adjust the delivery order of the goods so that the goods are loaded onto the transport vehicle in the reverse order of the unloading order at the plurality of second distribution points.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit may adjust the delivery order of the goods so that the goods are loaded onto the transport vehicle in the reverse order of the unloading order at the plurality of second distribution points.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a transportation and delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing in detail each component of a giant physical distribution base
  • FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the flow of transportation and delivery until an article is delivered from a huge physical distribution base to a customer
  • It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cart for transportation.
  • It is a schematic diagram showing an example of an automated warehouse.
  • It is a schematic diagram showing the state of the incoming side and the outgoing side of the automatic warehouse.
  • It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a stowage device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a transportation/delivery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transport/delivery system 100 is a system that supports transport/delivery in inter-base physical distribution between a giant physical distribution base 101 (first physical distribution base) and another physical distribution base 102 (second physical distribution base).
  • the gigantic physical distribution base 101 is a base having an automated warehouse 1 that stores and transports goods, and a stowage device 2 that stacks the goods on a cart for shipping.
  • the huge distribution base 101 is a management area managed by the transportation and delivery system 100.
  • goods to be transported and delivered are distributed as distribution bases 102, and distribution bases 102A exist in each area of the management area.
  • the sales branch 102B is a base that deals with so-called "last one mile" distribution of goods to customers who are final delivery destinations.
  • the form of the distribution base 102 other than the gigantic distribution base 101 is not particularly limited, and the distribution base of the sales branch 102B may be omitted, and the distribution base 102A may serve as a base for "last one mile" correspondence.
  • an intermediate layer distribution base may exist between the distribution base 102A and the sales branch 102B.
  • the goods sorted by the gigantic distribution base 101 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104A and delivered to each distribution base 102A.
  • the articles are unloaded from the transport vehicle 104A to the transport vehicle 104B and delivered to each sales branch 102B.
  • the articles are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104B to the carrier vehicle 104C and delivered to each customer 103.
  • FIG. It should be noted that each transport vehicle 104 unloads and loads the articles 90 from the rear of the vehicle, but may also unload and load from the side.
  • the gigantic distribution base 101 includes a transportation and delivery management unit 110, a shipping state optimization calculation unit 120, an automated warehouse 1, and a stowage device 2.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 and the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 are composed of a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
  • the transportation and delivery management unit 110 and the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 can be configured as circuits including one or more processors operating according to programs, one or more dedicated hardware circuits such as ASICs, or a combination thereof.
  • the processor has a CPU and memory such as RAM and ROM. Various programs for processing information are stored in the memory, and the CPU performs calculations by reading out the various programs.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 is a unit that manages the transportation/delivery of goods.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 generates shipping instruction information based on the receipt information and the delivery information.
  • Receipt information is information that includes at least information on the distribution center 102 that receives the goods and the final delivery destination (customer 103).
  • the received information also includes information relating to the manner in which the goods are stowed, such as the packing size of the goods.
  • the information on the distribution base 102 that receives the goods and the final delivery destination is destination information that indicates to which customer 103 the goods will be delivered via which distribution base 102A and sales branch 102B.
  • the giant distribution base 101 is located in each region or administrative division, and transported goods received from customers in other regions, administrative divisions, and the same administrative division are sent there and delivered to customers under that region or administrative division. transported to Therefore, the transportation and delivery management unit 110 acquires receipt information from, for example, the gigantic distribution bases 101 in other regions or administrative divisions and the distribution bases 102 in the same administrative divisions.
  • the delivery information is information including at least information regarding the delivery order of the articles.
  • the information about the order of delivery of goods is information indicating in what order the goods are to be delivered when a plurality of goods are to be delivered from one physical distribution center to another physical distribution center (or the customer 103).
  • the delivery information includes a plan (vehicle allocation plan) indicating which delivery vehicle should be used to deliver each item and in what delivery order.
  • the delivery information is information that is set based on the destination information described above.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 acquires delivery information from each physical distribution base 102 that plays a role in considering a delivery plan (route and order).
  • the transportation and delivery management unit 110 aggregates product information for each customer based on the receipt information and delivery information.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 collects customer delivery plans at the destination of each item based on the receipt information and delivery information.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 calculates the order of loading onto the transport vehicle based on the receipt information and the delivery information.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 adds up the packing size of each item in order, calculates the size and number of cargo beds required for the vehicle to be dispatched, and makes arrangements.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 generates these processing results as shipping instruction information.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 transmits the generated shipping instruction information to the optimization calculation unit 121 of the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 .
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 is a unit that optimizes the shipping state of goods at the gigantic distribution base 101 .
  • the shipping state is information indicating what state (shipping order, stowage state on the carrier) the goods are in when they are shipped from the gigantic physical distribution base 101 .
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the shipping order of articles from the automated warehouse based on the shipping instruction information, and optimizes shipping to the physical distribution base 102A.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 has an optimization calculation unit 121 , a sorting control unit 122 and a stowage control unit 123 .
  • the optimization calculation unit 121 is a unit that performs calculations for optimizing the shipping state based on the shipping instruction information.
  • the optimization calculation unit 121 calculates shipping order instruction information that indicates the shipping order in the automated warehouse 1 based on the shipping instruction information.
  • the optimization calculation part 121 calculates the stowage order instruction information which instruct
  • the optimization calculation unit 121 outputs shipping order instruction information to the sorting control unit 122 and outputs stowage order instruction information to the stowage control unit 123 .
  • the sorting control unit 122 controls the shipping order by controlling the sorting work of the articles in the automated warehouse 1 based on the shipping instruction information. Based on the shipping order instruction information calculated from the shipping instruction information, the sorting control unit 122 outputs a control signal to the automated warehouse 1 so that the automatic warehouse 1 ships the articles in the order according to the shipping order instruction.
  • the stowage control unit 123 controls the stowage device 2 based on the shipping instruction information to control the stowage order of the articles. Based on the stowage order instruction information calculated from the shipping instruction information, the stowage control unit 123 causes the stowage device 2 to stow the articles on the transport vehicle in the order according to the stowage order instruction. A control signal is output to the device 2 .
  • FIG. 3 shows distribution bases 102Aa and 102Ab as the distribution base 102A, and sales branches 102Ba, 102Bb and 102Bc as the sales branch 102B.
  • distribution bases 102Aa and 102Ab as the distribution base 102A
  • sales branches 102Ba, 102Bb and 102Bc as the sales branch 102B.
  • articles 90 that have been sorted and shipped from the automated warehouse 1 are stacked on a carrier truck 91 by the loading device 2 .
  • the stacked articles 90 are mounted on the transport vehicle 104A together with the transport carriage 91 .
  • the articles 90 numbered “1 to 9” and the articles 90 numbered “A, B, C, M, L, N, X, Y, Z" are transported by the transport vehicle 104A. installed in the Three articles 90 are stacked on one carrier 91 . It should be noted that the manner of stacking the articles 90 on the carrier 91 shown in FIG. 3 is a schematic one.
  • the conveying vehicle 104A delivers the loaded articles 90 together with the conveying cart 91 in the order of "distribution base 102Aa, distribution base 102Ab".
  • "1 to 9" articles 90 are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104A
  • "1 to 9” articles 90 are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Ba.
  • the articles 90 of "A, B, C, M, L, N, X, Y, Z” are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104A, and transferred to the carrier vehicle 104Bb by "A, B, C, M, L, N, X, Y, Z" items 90 are unloaded.
  • the transport vehicle 104Bb delivers the goods 90 loaded in the order of "sales branch 102Ba, sales branch 102Bb, sales branch 102Bc" together with the transport carriage 91.
  • the "M, L, N” articles 90 are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104Bb, and the "M, L, N” articles 90 are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Ca.
  • the goods 90 of "A, B, C” are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104Bb, and the goods 90 of "A, B, C” are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Cb.
  • the "X, Y, Z” articles 90 are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104Bb, and the "X, Y, Z” articles 90 are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Cc.
  • the transport vehicle 104Cb delivers the goods 90 of "A, B, C” to each customer 103 who is a recipient.
  • the other transport vehicles 104Ca and 104Cc also deliver the articles 90 of "M, L, N" and "X, Y, Z" to each customer 103 to be received.
  • the transport vehicle 104Ba from the physical distribution base 102Aa delivers the articles 90 of "1 to 9" to the other business branch 102B.
  • a plurality of items 90 shipped from the gigantic distribution base 101 are delivered to the plurality of distribution bases 102A by the transport vehicle 104A, and are unloaded and loaded in order at each distribution base 102A.
  • a plurality of articles 90 shipped from each physical distribution base 102A are delivered to a plurality of business branches 102B by a carrier vehicle 104B, and are sequentially unloaded and loaded at each business branch 102B.
  • a plurality of articles 90 shipped from each sales branch 102B are then delivered to a plurality of customers 103 in order by a carrier vehicle 104C.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 determines the delivery order of the goods 90 so that the goods 90 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104A in the reverse order of the unloading order at the plurality of physical distribution bases 102A. to adjust. In addition, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the shipping order of the goods 90 so that the goods 90 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104B in the reverse order of the unloading order at the multiple sales branches 102B. . The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the shipping order of the articles 90 so that the articles 90 are loaded onto the carrier vehicle 104C in the order reversed from the order of delivery to the plurality of customers 103 .
  • the transport vehicle 104Cb delivers the articles 90 to each customer 103 in the order of "A, B, C". Therefore, if the articles 90 are stacked in the order of "A, B, C" from the top inside the transport vehicle 104Cb, the worker can easily take out the articles 90 in order from the top according to the order of delivery.
  • the goods 90 of "A, B, and C" are loaded on the same carriage 91 until they are unloaded onto the transport vehicle 104Cb at the sales branch 102Bb after being shipped from the huge physical distribution base 101. In such a state, delivery is performed together with the carriage 91 for transportation.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 controls the automated warehouse 1 so that the articles 90 are delivered in the order of “C, B, A”, which is the reverse order of the delivery order to the customer 103 .
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 stacks the articles 90 on the carrier 91 so that the articles 90 are stacked in the order of "C, B, A", which is the reverse order of the delivery order to the customer 103. to control.
  • the articles 90 for the other transport carts 91 are similarly delivered and stacked in the order opposite to the delivery order to the customer 103 .
  • the transport vehicle 104Bb delivers the articles 90 to each sales branch 102B in the order of "M, L, N", “A, B, C", and "X, Y, Z". Therefore, in the carrier vehicle 104Bb, if the articles 90 are stacked in the order of "X, Y, Z", “A, B, C", and "M, L, N" from the back side of the carrier, each sales branch 102B , the worker can easily take out the carrier 91 sequentially from the front side of the carrier according to the order of delivery.
  • the carrier vehicle 104A if the articles 90 are loaded in the order of "M, L, N", “A, B, C", and "X, Y, Z" from the back side of the carrier, the physical distribution base At 102Ab, the operator can easily take out the transport carriages 91 in order from the front side of the loading platform according to the order of delivery. From the above, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 determines that the loading device 2 is "M, L, N", “A, B, C", “X , Y, and Z”, and controls the delivery order from the automated warehouse 1 so that the articles 90 can be loaded onto the carrier 91 in the order. It should be noted that the articles "1 to 9" are similarly unloaded and stacked in the reverse order of the unloading order at the physical distribution base 102Aa.
  • the transport vehicle 104A delivers the articles 90 to each physical distribution base 102A in the order of "1 to 9" and "A to Z". Therefore, if the articles 90 are loaded in the order of "A to Z" and "1 to 9" from the back side of the loading platform in the transport vehicle 104A, the operator will load the loading platform in the order of delivery at each physical distribution base 102A.
  • the carriage 91 for transportation can be easily taken out in order from the front side.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 determines that the order of delivery to the distribution base 102A is reversed, and the order of the stowage devices 2 is "A to Z" and then "1 to 9". The delivery order from the automatic warehouse 1 is controlled so that the carts 91 can be stowed.
  • the carrier 91 includes a frame structure 93 having an internal space SP in which a plurality of articles 90 can be stowed, and wheels 94 that allow the frame structure 93 to travel.
  • the articles 90 delivered from the automated warehouse 1 are loaded onto the transport vehicles 104B and 104C while being stacked on the transport cart 91. be. Therefore, it is preferable that the plurality of carriages 91 have a unified configuration.
  • the transport trolley 91 having a unified configuration is a transport trolley 91 standardized according to a unified standard.
  • the standardized carriage 91 has a standardized loading capacity and can perform unloading work in a standardized manner.
  • Each standardized transport trolley 91 has a similarly configured frame structure 93 and wheels 94 . Note that FIG. 4 exemplifies a roll box as the transport cart 91, but when the customer 103 is a supermarket or the like, a six-wheeled cart or the like may be adopted.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing the automated warehouse 1.
  • the automated warehouse 1 is a system capable of receiving and storing a plurality of articles 90, and of the stored articles 90, those to be taken out.
  • the automated warehouse 1 includes an automated warehouse 10, an incoming elevator 14, an outgoing elevator 15, an incoming lane 21, and an outgoing lane 22.
  • - ⁇ The automated warehouse 1 is a warehouse that stores articles 90 .
  • the automated warehouse 1 includes a warehouse main body 11, an incoming transit passage 12, and an outgoing transit passage 13.
  • - ⁇ The warehouse body 11 has a plurality of shelves 16 .
  • the shelf 16 extends from one end of the warehouse body 11 to the other end.
  • the transfer device 17 performs the transfer operation of the articles from the incoming route to the outgoing route.
  • the warehousing crossing passage 12 is provided at one end of the warehouse main body 11 and is a mechanism for warehousing articles 90 to the shelves 16 of each stage.
  • the delivery crossing passage 13 is provided at the other end of the warehouse body 11 and is a mechanism for delivering articles 90 from the shelves 16 of each stage.
  • the storage elevator 14 raises and lowers the articles 90 stored from the storage lane 21 and supplies the articles 90 to the storage passage 12 of the stage corresponding to the desired shelf 16 .
  • the unloading elevator 15 receives an article 90 to be unloaded from the shelf 16 and the unloading passageway 13 and moves it up and down to an unillustrated unloading opening. Articles 90 delivered from the delivery elevator 15 are carried out to the delivery lane 22 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the specific configuration of the incoming side and the outgoing side of the automated warehouse 1.
  • the entrance lane 21, the entrance passage 12, the exit lane, and the exit passage 13 each have a conveyor.
  • the incoming elevator 14 and the outgoing elevator 15 have horizontal movement means (for example, conveyors) and vertical movement means, and have devices for moving the articles 90 vertically and horizontally.
  • the entry elevator 14 can receive each article 90 from the entry lane 21 and deliver it to the entry passageway 12 of the desired floor.
  • the delivery elevator 15 can receive each article 90 from the delivery passage 13 from each floor and deliver it to the delivery lane 22 in a desired order.
  • the entrance elevator 14 and the exit elevator 15 are alternately operated elevators, and have conveyor racks 14A and 15A on the side of the lanes 21 and 22 and conveyor racks 14B and 15B on the side of the connecting passages 12 and 13. .
  • Each of the transport racks 14A, 14B, 15A, and 15B has a storable area CE corresponding to the number of storable areas corresponding to "the number of storable areas obtained by adding one floor to the number of floors of the automated warehouse”. Then, it has the transport boxes 14a and 15a that are continuous with the number of stages corresponding to "the number of floors of the automated warehouse" (five stages in this case). Consecutive transport boxes 14a and 15a move up and down at the same time.
  • the transport boxes 14a and 15a When the continuous transport boxes 14a and 15a move downward, the transport boxes 14a and 15a are arranged in the first to fifth storable areas CE from the bottom. When the continuous transport boxes 14a and 15a move upward, the transport boxes 14a and 15a are arranged in the second to sixth storable areas CE from the bottom. Further, the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14A, 15A and the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14B, 15B alternately move up and down. That is, when the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport shelves 14A and 15A move upward, the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport shelves 14B and 15B move downward, and the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport shelves 14A and 15A move downward.
  • the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport racks 14B and 15B move upward.
  • the article 90 can be horizontally moved between the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14A, 15B and the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14B, 15B. 90 can be delivered and received.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 controls the automated warehouse 1 so that the articles 90 transported from the warehousing lane 21 are received and stored in the automated warehouse 1 in a desired warehousing order. .
  • the shipping state optimization calculation section 120 controls the automated warehouse 1 so that the goods are delivered from the automated warehouse 1 to the delivery lane 22 in a desired delivery order.
  • the automated warehouse 1 can take out the articles 90 of the same type in an aligned state.
  • the automated warehouse 1 can deliver the articles 90 in an order that facilitates unloading and delivery at each physical distribution base.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation section 120 When sorting the articles 90 in the automated warehouse 1, the shipping state optimization calculation section 120 performs route search so that the articles 90 move along the optimum route in the incoming elevator 14 and outgoing elevator 15. For example, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 searches for the route of each article 90 using a shortest route search method (eg, Aster algorithm) using each part of the incoming elevator 14 and the outgoing elevator 15 as search nodes.
  • a shortest route search method eg, Aster algorithm
  • the stowage device 2 has a vehicle-type stowage robot 50 .
  • the stacking robot 50 includes a vehicle body portion 51 and a transport portion 52 .
  • the conveying portion 52 is provided in an upper portion of the vehicle body portion 51 so as to extend in the vehicle front-rear direction.
  • the conveying section 52 includes a receiving section 53 that receives the delivered articles 90 on the rear end side, and a stacking section 54 that stacks the articles 90 on the conveying cart 91 on the front end side.
  • the shipping condition optimization calculation unit 120 (see FIG.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 calculates the accommodation rate in the carrier 91, the center of gravity position, and the like, thereby performing calculations for optimizing the stowage mode.
  • the stowage device 2 has a robot hand type stowage robot 60.
  • the stacking robot 60 includes a body portion 61 installed on the ground, a plurality of articulated arm portions 63, and a stacking portion 62 that holds and stacks the articles 90.
  • the stowage robot 60 grips the articles 90 unloaded by the conveyor 64 , rotates the stowage section, and stacks them on the carriage 91 for transportation.
  • the stowage device 2 has a vertical movement type stowage robot 70.
  • the stacking robot 70 includes a stacking unit 71 that moves up and down while holding the articles 90 , and an elevating unit 72 that moves the stacking unit 71 up and down.
  • a conveyer 73 for conveying the shipped articles 90 is provided on one side of the stacking section 71 (here, the front side of the paper surface of FIG. 7(c)), and the other side of the stacking section 71 (here, , the back side of the paper surface of FIG. 7(c)).
  • the stowage section 71 receives the articles 90 conveyed by the conveyor 73 , rises to a desired stowage height, and stacks them on the carriage 91 for conveyance.
  • the transportation/delivery management unit 110 issues shipping instructions based on receipt information including at least information about the distribution center 102 and the customer 103 (final delivery destination) that receives the goods 90 and delivery information including at least information about the delivery order of the goods 90. Information can be generated. In this way, the transportation/delivery management unit 110 determines the shipping instruction information in consideration of the order in which the goods 90 shipped from the huge physical distribution base 101 are delivered to the physical distribution base 102 and the customer 103. can be generated. Therefore, based on the shipping instruction information, the shipping condition optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the delivery order of the articles 90 from the automated warehouse 1 so as to reduce the amount of work at the distribution base 102 , and delivers the goods to the distribution base 102 . shipments can be optimized. As described above, the work time and work cost at each distribution base 102 can be reduced.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 may have a sorting control unit 122 that controls the shipping order by controlling the sorting work of the articles 90 in the automated warehouse 1 based on the shipping instruction information. In this case, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 can optimize the sorting work of the articles in the automated warehouse 1 so that the shipping order is such that the amount of work at the distribution base 102 can be reduced.
  • the gigantic distribution base 101 includes a stowage device 2 that stacks the goods 90 delivered from the automated warehouse 1 onto a carriage 91 mounted on a transport vehicle 104.
  • the stowage control unit 123 may be provided for controlling the stowage device 2 based on the above to control the order of stowage of the articles 90 onto the transport carriage 91 .
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 performs the work of loading the articles 90 onto the carriage 91 by the stowage device 2 so as to achieve a stowage order that can reduce the amount of work at the distribution base 102. can be optimized.
  • the articles 90 delivered from the automated warehouse 1 are loaded onto the carrier vehicle 104 in a state of being stacked on the carrier carrier 91, and the plurality of carrier carriers 91 have a unified configuration. you can In this case, it is possible to efficiently load and unload the carrier 91 onto and from the carrier vehicle 104 at each physical distribution base 102 .
  • a plurality of goods 90 shipped from a huge distribution base 101 are delivered to a plurality of distribution bases 102 by a transport vehicle 104, and are unloaded and loaded at each distribution base 102 in order.
  • the delivery order of the articles 90 may be adjusted so that the articles 90 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104 in an order that is reversed from the order of unloading at the plurality of physical distribution sites 102 .
  • the automated warehouse 1 it is possible to load the articles 90 in an order that facilitates the unloading operation at the distribution base 102 on the downstream side.
  • the control unit of the gigantic distribution base 101 receives "destination of which distribution base to go" and "packing size" as receipt information, but does not cooperate with the sender of the delivery information. , was generating shipping plans without obtaining delivery information. Therefore, at the gigantic physical distribution base 101, shipping is performed by simply loading the articles into the transport vehicle 104A according to the physical distribution base 102 of the destination in random order. Therefore, at each physical distribution base 102, all the articles 90 loaded on the carrier 91 are unloaded and re-shipped to another carrier 91 to the next delivery destination. As a result, an increase in work hours and an increase in the number of required workers have occurred at each distribution base 102 .
  • the problem of the conventional transportation/delivery system as described above is comprehensively dealt with from a wide range of perspectives, from the giant physical distribution base 101 to the customer 103 who is the final delivery destination. Improvement is possible.
  • the transportation and delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment at the gigantic physical distribution base 101, the order of the goods 90 including the customer 103 of the final delivery destination is incorporated, and then the goods 90 are stowed on the carriage 91.
  • the distribution bases 102 after the huge distribution base 101 it is only necessary to replace the transfer carts 91 between the transfer vehicles 104 according to the order of the transfer carts 91 loaded on the transfer vehicles 104.
  • the articles 90 stacked on the carrier 91 can be taken out in order while being transported in order of the delivery route, and delivered to the customer 103 .
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 follows the delivery plan from the huge physical distribution base 101 to the final delivery destination, and orders the items 90 of each sales branch 102B in units of groups. It has an algorithm for calculating a detailed order configuration in two configurations of the order of picking up from the transport cart 91 in the order of the route.
  • the order of loading onto the transport vehicles 104 is taken into account in order to pass through the exchange between the transport vehicles 104 at each physical distribution base 102 (unloading of the transport cart 91).
  • the order of shipment from the giant physical distribution base 101 is devised to be forward or reverse depending on the number of connections.
  • the transportation/delivery system 100 adds, in real time, "receipt information" and “delivery information” formulated at each distribution base 102 to the shipping plan normally formulated at the huge distribution base 101, thereby making the calculation algorithm Optimization accuracy can be improved.
  • the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 uses each part of the incoming elevator 14 and the outgoing elevator 15 as search nodes, and uses the shortest path search method. is used to search for the route of each article 90 .
  • the transportation and delivery system 100 employs stacking robots 50, 60, and 70 as shown in FIG. 91 can be stowed smoothly.
  • the transportation/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment even with complete order control for each item 90, delivers items in a continuous state (a state in which the intervals between the items 90 being transported are close together).
  • the transport/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment can use the stowage device 2 to realize automatic stowage in which the goods 90 are stowed on the carrier 91 at high speed in a narrow space.
  • the transport/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment employs a compact direct axis transfer, and has a technique for realizing stowage position control without using image processing.
  • the transportation and delivery system 100 it is possible to reduce the delivery lead time and work personnel costs (mainly personnel costs) over the entire large range from the huge distribution base 101 to the final delivery destination. becomes.
  • a huge computing system for example, a quantum computer, etc.
  • for speeding up the optimization search is not necessary for the algorithm in the transportation and delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, which contributes to a significant reduction in capital investment. can do.
  • the object is the final delivery destination from the gigantic distribution base 101, but the distribution base also exists while the goods 90 are being transported from the sender to the gigantic distribution base 101.
  • the gigantic distribution base 101 is the "arrival distribution base” from the "giant distribution base” that exists in each area. It is possible to expand the range of utilization of the transportation and delivery system according to the present invention to distribution transportation as well. As described above, according to the transportation and delivery system according to the modified example, it is possible to exhibit the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment even in the preceding process close to the sender.
  • the present invention has the effect of "shortening the lead time by high-speed orderly transportation", but by linking with a platform that can accurately prepare for the receiving time information of the recipient, "time to the final delivery destination” It is also possible to build a transportation delivery system that delivers to Lee. According to the transportation/delivery system according to the modified example, by linking with other systems (information sources), it is possible to ship from a gigantic physical distribution base in consideration of even less wasteful transportation/delivery.
  • automated warehouse 2 stowage device 100 transportation delivery system 101 gigantic physical distribution base (first physical distribution base) 102 distribution base (second distribution base) 110 transportation and delivery management unit 120 shipping state optimization calculation unit 122 sorting control unit 123 stowage control unit

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Abstract

A transportation and delivery system (100) in physical distribution between bases, between a first physical distribution base (101) having an automated warehouse (1) for performing storage and conveyance of articles (90) and another second physical distribution base (102), comprises a transportation and delivery management unit (110) for managing transportation and delivery of the articles (90), and a shipping state optimization computation unit (120) for optimizing a shipping state of the articles (90) at the first physical distribution base, the transportation and delivery management unit (110) generating shipping instruction information on the basis of reception information that includes information relating to at least a second physical distribution base (102) for receiving articles (90) and a final delivery destination (103), and delivery information that includes information relating to at least the delivery sequence of articles (90), and the shipping state optimization computation unit (120) adjusting, on the basis of the shipping instruction information, a picking sequence of the articles (90) from the automated warehouse (1) for shipping to the second physical distribution base (102).

Description

輸配送システムTransportation and delivery system
　本発明は、輸配送システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a transportation and delivery system.
　従来、輸配送システムとして、特許文献１に記載されたものが知られている。この輸配送システムは、自動倉庫内において、物品を所定の計画に従って仕分けを行い、仕分けされた物品を積み付け場所まで搬送し、積み付け作業を行って出荷を行う。 Conventionally, the one described in Patent Document 1 is known as a transportation and delivery system. This transportation/delivery system sorts articles according to a predetermined plan in an automated warehouse, transports the sorted articles to a stowage location, and performs stowage and shipment.
特開２００２－２９２８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2002-2928
　ここで、上述のような輸配送システムは、巨大物流拠点に設けられる。巨大物流拠点は、各エリアに設けられた物流拠点に分配配送されるように、輸配送システムでエリアごとに物品を自動的に仕分けした上で出荷する。しかしながら、巨大物流拠点の下流側の物流拠点では、物流拠点から搬送車両で配送されてきた物品を卸し、再び仕分け作業を行って、次の搬送車両に対する積み込みが行われる。従って、各物流拠点における物品の卸し積みなどの作業時間及び作業コストが増加するという問題が生じる。 Here, the transportation and delivery system described above is installed at a huge distribution base. The gigantic distribution base automatically sorts and ships goods by area using a transportation delivery system so that they are distributed and delivered to the distribution bases set up in each area. However, at the distribution base downstream of the giant distribution base, the goods delivered by the transport vehicle from the distribution base are unloaded, sorted again, and loaded into the next transport vehicle. Therefore, there arises a problem that the work time and work cost for unloading and loading goods at each physical distribution base increases.
　従って、本発明は、各物流拠点における作業時間及び作業コストを低減することができる輸配送システムを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a transportation and delivery system that can reduce the work time and work cost at each distribution base.
　本発明の一態様に係る輸配送システムは、物品の保管と搬送を行う自動倉庫を有する第１の物流拠点、及び他の第２の物流拠点との間の拠点間物流における輸配送システムであって、物品の輸配送を管理する輸配送管理部と、第１の物流拠点での物品の出荷状態の最適化を行う出荷状態最適化演算部と、を備え、輸配送管理部は、少なくとも物品を受け取る第２の物流拠点及び最終配送先に関する情報を含む受取情報と、少なくとも物品の配送順序に関する情報を含む配送情報と、に基づいて出荷指示情報を生成し、出荷状態最適化演算部は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、第２の物流拠点へ出荷する自動倉庫からの物品の出庫順序を調整する。 A transportation and delivery system according to one aspect of the present invention is a transportation and delivery system in inter-base physical distribution between a first physical distribution base having an automated warehouse for storing and transporting goods and another second physical distribution base. a transportation and delivery management unit for managing the transportation and delivery of goods; and a shipping state optimization calculation unit for optimizing the shipping state of the goods at the first physical distribution base, wherein the transportation and delivery management unit includes at least the goods shipping instruction information based on receipt information including information about the second distribution base and final delivery destination that receives the goods, and delivery information including at least information about the delivery order of the goods, and the shipping state optimization calculation unit, Based on the shipping instruction information, the delivery order of articles from the automated warehouse to be shipped to the second physical distribution base is adjusted.
　輸配送管理部は、少なくとも物品を受け取る第２の物流拠点及び最終配送先に関する情報を含む受取情報と、少なくとも物品の配送順序に関する情報を含む配送情報と、に基づいて出荷指示情報を生成することができる。このように、輸配送管理部は、第１の物流拠点から出荷された後の物品が第２の物流拠点及び最終配送先へどのような配送順序で配送されるかを考慮して、出荷指示情報を生成することができる。そのため、出荷状態最適化演算部は、出荷指示情報に基づくことで、第２の物流拠点での作業量を低減するように、第２の物流拠点へ出荷する自動倉庫からの物品の出庫順序を調整することができる。以上より、各物流拠点における作業時間及び作業コストを低減することができる。 The transportation/delivery management unit generates shipping instruction information based on receipt information including at least information regarding the second distribution base for receiving the item and the final delivery destination, and delivery information including at least information regarding the delivery order of the item. can be done. In this way, the transportation/delivery management department issues shipping instructions in consideration of the order in which the goods shipped from the first physical distribution base will be delivered to the second physical distribution base and the final delivery destination. Information can be generated. Therefore, based on the shipping instruction information, the shipping state optimization calculation unit determines the delivery order of articles from the automated warehouse to be shipped to the second distribution base so as to reduce the amount of work at the second distribution base. can be adjusted. As described above, the work time and work cost at each physical distribution base can be reduced.
　出荷状態最適化演算部は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、自動倉庫の物品の仕分け作業を制御することによって出庫順序を制御する仕分制御部を有してよい。この場合、出荷状態最適化演算部は、第２の物流拠点での作業量を低減できるような出庫順序となるように、自動倉庫での物品の仕分け作業を最適化することができる。 The shipping state optimization calculation unit may have a sorting control unit that controls the shipping order by controlling the sorting work of the items in the automated warehouse based on the shipping instruction information. In this case, the shipping state optimization calculation section can optimize the sorting work of the articles in the automated warehouse so that the shipping order is such that the amount of work at the second physical distribution base can be reduced.
　第１の物流拠点は、自動倉庫から出庫された物品を、搬送車両へ搭載される搬送用台車へ積み付ける積付装置を備え、出荷状態最適化演算部は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、積付装置を制御して、物品の搬送用台車への積付順序を制御する積付制御部を有してよい。この場合、出荷状態最適化演算部は、第２の物流拠点での作業量を低減できるような積付順序となるように、積付装置での物品の搬送用台車への積み付け作業を最適化することができる。 The first physical distribution base is equipped with a stowage device that stacks the goods taken out of the automated warehouse onto a trolley for transportation mounted on the transport vehicle. It may have a stowage control unit that controls the stowage device and controls the stowage order of the articles onto the transport carriage. In this case, the shipping state optimization calculation unit optimizes the work of loading the articles onto the transport trolley by the loading device so as to achieve a stowage order that can reduce the amount of work at the second distribution base. can be
　第１の物流拠点では、自動倉庫から出庫された物品は、搬送用台車に積み付けられた状態で搬送車両へ搭載され、複数の搬送用台車は、統一された構成を有してよい。この場合、各物流拠点において、搬送車両へ搬送用台車を効率良く積み降ろしを行うことができる。 At the first physical distribution base, the articles delivered from the automated warehouse are loaded onto the transport vehicle in a state of being stacked on the transport trolley, and the multiple transport trolleys may have a unified configuration. In this case, it is possible to efficiently load and unload the carts to and from the transport vehicles at each physical distribution base.
　第１の物流拠点から出荷された複数の物品は、搬送車両によって、複数の第２の物流拠点へ配送されて、各第２の物流拠点にて順に卸し積みがなされ、出荷状態最適化演算部は、複数の第２の物流拠点での卸し積みの順序と逆転した順序にて、物品が搬送車両に搭載されるように、物品の出庫順序を調整してよい。この場合、自動倉庫において、下流側の第２の物流拠点において、卸し積みの作業を行いやすい順序にて、物品を積み込むことが可能となる。 A plurality of articles shipped from a first distribution base are delivered to a plurality of second distribution bases by a carrier vehicle, and are unloaded and loaded in order at each of the second distribution bases, and the shipping state optimization calculation unit may adjust the delivery order of the goods so that the goods are loaded onto the transport vehicle in the reverse order of the unloading order at the plurality of second distribution points. In this case, in the automated warehouse, it is possible to load the articles in an order that facilitates the unloading operation at the second distribution base on the downstream side.
　本発明によれば、各物流拠点における作業時間及び作業コストを低減することができる輸配送システムを提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a transportation and delivery system capable of reducing work hours and work costs at each distribution base.
本発明の実施形態に係る輸配送システムを示す概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a transportation and delivery system according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 巨大物流拠点の各構成要素を詳細に示した概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing in detail each component of a giant physical distribution base; FIG. 巨大物流拠点から顧客へ物品が配送されるまでの輸配送の流れの一例を示す概念図である。FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the flow of transportation and delivery until an article is delivered from a huge physical distribution base to a customer; 搬送用台車の一例を示す概略図である。It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cart for transportation. 自動倉庫の一例を示す概略図である。It is a schematic diagram showing an example of an automated warehouse. 自動倉庫の入庫側及び出庫側の様子を示す概略図である。It is a schematic diagram showing the state of the incoming side and the outgoing side of the automatic warehouse. 積付装置の一例を示す概略図である。It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a stowage device.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００を示す概略構成図である。輸配送システム１００は、巨大物流拠点１０１（第１の物流拠点）、及び他の物流拠点１０２（第２の物流拠点）の間の拠点間物流における輸配送を支援するシステムである。巨大物流拠点１０１は、物品の保管と搬送を行う自動倉庫１と、出荷用の搬送用台車へ物品を積み付ける積付装置２と、を有する拠点である。巨大物流拠点１０１は、輸配送システム１００が管理する管理地域において、輸配送対象となる物品が本実施形態では、物流拠点１０２として、管理地域の各エリアに存在する物流拠点１０２Ａと、各エリアを更に細分化した営業支店１０２Ｂと、が存在する。営業支店１０２Ｂは、最終配送先である顧客に対して物品を分配する、いわゆる「ラストワンマイル」の対応を行う拠点である。なお、巨大物流拠点１０１以外の物流拠点１０２の態様は特に限定されず、営業支店１０２Ｂの物流拠点を省略し、物流拠点１０２Ａが「ラストワンマイル」の対応を行う拠点となってもよい。あるいは、物流拠点１０２Ａと営業支店１０２Ｂとの間に、更に中間層の物流拠点が存在していてもよい。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a transportation/delivery system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The transport/delivery system 100 is a system that supports transport/delivery in inter-base physical distribution between a giant physical distribution base 101 (first physical distribution base) and another physical distribution base 102 (second physical distribution base). The gigantic physical distribution base 101 is a base having an automated warehouse 1 that stores and transports goods, and a stowage device 2 that stacks the goods on a cart for shipping. The huge distribution base 101 is a management area managed by the transportation and delivery system 100. In this embodiment, goods to be transported and delivered are distributed as distribution bases 102, and distribution bases 102A exist in each area of the management area. There are further subdivided sales branches 102B. The sales branch 102B is a base that deals with so-called "last one mile" distribution of goods to customers who are final delivery destinations. The form of the distribution base 102 other than the gigantic distribution base 101 is not particularly limited, and the distribution base of the sales branch 102B may be omitted, and the distribution base 102A may serve as a base for "last one mile" correspondence. Alternatively, an intermediate layer distribution base may exist between the distribution base 102A and the sales branch 102B.
　巨大物流拠点１０１にて仕分けされた物品は、搬送車両１０４Ａに搭載されて、各物流拠点１０２Ａへ配送される。物流拠点１０２Ａにおいて物品は搬送車両１０４Ａから搬送車両１０４Ｂへ卸し積みされ、各営業支店１０２Ｂへ配送される。営業支店において物品は搬送車両１０４Ｂから搬送車両１０４Ｃへ卸し積みされ、各顧客１０３へ配送される。なお、各搬送車両１０４は、車両の後方から物品９０の卸し積み作業がなされるが、横側から卸し積み作業がなされてもよい。 The goods sorted by the gigantic distribution base 101 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104A and delivered to each distribution base 102A. At the physical distribution base 102A, the articles are unloaded from the transport vehicle 104A to the transport vehicle 104B and delivered to each sales branch 102B. At the sales branch, the articles are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104B to the carrier vehicle 104C and delivered to each customer 103. FIG. It should be noted that each transport vehicle 104 unloads and loads the articles 90 from the rear of the vehicle, but may also unload and load from the side.
　巨大物流拠点１０１は、輸配送管理部１１０と、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０と、自動倉庫１と、積付装置２と、を備える。輸配送管理部１１０及び出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、ＣＰＵ、ＲＡＭ、ＲＯＭ等により構成されている。輸配送管理部１１０及び出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、プログラムに従って動作する１つ以上のプロセッサ、ＡＳＩＣ等の１つ以上の専用のハードウェア回路、あるいは、それらの組み合わせを含む回路として構成し得る。プロセッサはＣＰＵ、並びにＲＡＭ及びＲＯＭ等のメモリを有する。メモリには、情報の処理を行うための種々のプログラムが記憶され、ＣＰＵは各種プログラムの読み出し、による演算を行う。 The gigantic distribution base 101 includes a transportation and delivery management unit 110, a shipping state optimization calculation unit 120, an automated warehouse 1, and a stowage device 2. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 and the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 are composed of a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like. The transportation and delivery management unit 110 and the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 can be configured as circuits including one or more processors operating according to programs, one or more dedicated hardware circuits such as ASICs, or a combination thereof. . The processor has a CPU and memory such as RAM and ROM. Various programs for processing information are stored in the memory, and the CPU performs calculations by reading out the various programs.
　図２を参照して、巨大物流拠点１０１の各構成要素について詳細に説明する。輸配送管理部１１０は、物品の輸配送を管理するユニットである。輸配送管理部１１０は、受取情報及び配送情報に基づいて出荷指示情報を生成する。受取情報は、少なくとも物品を受け取る物流拠点１０２及び最終配送先（顧客１０３）に関する情報を含む情報である。また、受情報は、物品の梱包サイズなど、物品の積み付け態様に関わる情報も含む。物品を受け取る物流拠点１０２及び最終配送先に関する情報は、ある物品が、どの物流拠点１０２Ａ及び営業支店１０２Ｂを経由し、どの顧客１０３へ配送されるかを示す行先情報である。ここで、巨大物流拠点１０１は例えば各地域や行政区画毎にあり、他の地域や行政区画及び同行政区画で顧客から受け取った輸送物がそこに送られて、その地域や行政区画配下の顧客に輸配送される。したがって、輸配送管理部１１０は、例えば他の地域や行政区画の巨大物流拠点１０１及び同行政区画の物流拠点１０２から受取情報を取得する。配送情報は、少なくとも物品の配送順序に関する情報を含む情報である。物品の配送順序に関する情報は、ある物流拠点から他の物流拠点（あるいは顧客１０３）へ複数の物品を配送するときに、どのような配送順序で配送するかを示す情報である。また、配送情報には、各物品をどの搬送車両で、どのような配送順序で配送するかを示す計画（車両の配車計画）が含まれる。配送情報は、前述の行先情報を踏まえた上で設定される情報である。輸配送管理部１１０は、配送計画（経路や順番）を考える役割を担っている各物流拠点１０２から配送情報を取得する。 Each component of the gigantic distribution base 101 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 is a unit that manages the transportation/delivery of goods. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 generates shipping instruction information based on the receipt information and the delivery information. Receipt information is information that includes at least information on the distribution center 102 that receives the goods and the final delivery destination (customer 103). The received information also includes information relating to the manner in which the goods are stowed, such as the packing size of the goods. The information on the distribution base 102 that receives the goods and the final delivery destination is destination information that indicates to which customer 103 the goods will be delivered via which distribution base 102A and sales branch 102B. Here, for example, the giant distribution base 101 is located in each region or administrative division, and transported goods received from customers in other regions, administrative divisions, and the same administrative division are sent there and delivered to customers under that region or administrative division. transported to Therefore, the transportation and delivery management unit 110 acquires receipt information from, for example, the gigantic distribution bases 101 in other regions or administrative divisions and the distribution bases 102 in the same administrative divisions. The delivery information is information including at least information regarding the delivery order of the articles. The information about the order of delivery of goods is information indicating in what order the goods are to be delivered when a plurality of goods are to be delivered from one physical distribution center to another physical distribution center (or the customer 103). In addition, the delivery information includes a plan (vehicle allocation plan) indicating which delivery vehicle should be used to deliver each item and in what delivery order. The delivery information is information that is set based on the destination information described above. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 acquires delivery information from each physical distribution base 102 that plays a role in considering a delivery plan (route and order).
　輸配送管理部１１０は、受取情報及び配送情報に基づいて、顧客別に物品情報を集約する。輸配送管理部１１０は、受取情報及び配送情報に基づいて、各物品の行先での顧客配送計画を収集する。輸配送管理部１１０は、受取情報及び配送情報に基づいて、搬送車両への積み込み順序を計算する。輸配送管理部１１０は、各物品の梱包サイズを順番に総加算し、配車されるべき車両に必要な荷台の大きさ及び台数を算出すると共に、手配を行う。輸配送管理部１１０は、これらの処理結果を出荷指示情報として生成する。輸配送管理部１１０は、生成した出荷指示情報を出荷状態最適化演算部１２０の最適化演算部１２１へ送信する。 The transportation and delivery management unit 110 aggregates product information for each customer based on the receipt information and delivery information. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 collects customer delivery plans at the destination of each item based on the receipt information and delivery information. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 calculates the order of loading onto the transport vehicle based on the receipt information and the delivery information. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 adds up the packing size of each item in order, calculates the size and number of cargo beds required for the vehicle to be dispatched, and makes arrangements. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 generates these processing results as shipping instruction information. The transportation/delivery management unit 110 transmits the generated shipping instruction information to the optimization calculation unit 121 of the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 .
　出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、巨大物流拠点１０１での物品の出荷状態の最適化を行うユニットである。出荷状態とは、巨大物流拠点１０１から物品が出荷されるときに、物品がどのような状態（出荷順序、搬送用台車への積付状態）であるかを示す情報である。出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、自動倉庫からの物品の出庫順序を調整し、物流拠点１０２Ａへの出荷を最適化する。出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、最適化演算部１２１と、仕分制御部１２２と、積付制御部１２３と、を有する。 The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 is a unit that optimizes the shipping state of goods at the gigantic distribution base 101 . The shipping state is information indicating what state (shipping order, stowage state on the carrier) the goods are in when they are shipped from the gigantic physical distribution base 101 . The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the shipping order of articles from the automated warehouse based on the shipping instruction information, and optimizes shipping to the physical distribution base 102A. The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 has an optimization calculation unit 121 , a sorting control unit 122 and a stowage control unit 123 .
　最適化演算部１２１は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、出荷状態を最適化するための演算を行うユニットである。最適化演算部１２１は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、自動倉庫１での出庫順序を指示する出庫順序指示情報を演算する。また、最適化演算部１２１は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、積付装置２での積付順序を指示する積付順序指示情報を演算する。最適化演算部１２１は、出庫順序指示情報を仕分制御部１２２へ出力し、積付順序指示情報を積付制御部１２３へ出力する。 The optimization calculation unit 121 is a unit that performs calculations for optimizing the shipping state based on the shipping instruction information. The optimization calculation unit 121 calculates shipping order instruction information that indicates the shipping order in the automated warehouse 1 based on the shipping instruction information. Moreover, the optimization calculation part 121 calculates the stowage order instruction information which instruct|indicates the stowage order in the stowage device 2 based on shipping instruction information. The optimization calculation unit 121 outputs shipping order instruction information to the sorting control unit 122 and outputs stowage order instruction information to the stowage control unit 123 .
　仕分制御部１２２は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、自動倉庫１の物品の仕分け作業を制御することによって出庫順序を制御する。仕分制御部１２２は、出荷指示情報から演算された出庫順序指示情報に基づいて、自動倉庫１が出庫順序指示に従った順序で物品を出庫するように、自動倉庫１へ制御信号を出力する。積付制御部１２３は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、積付装置２を制御して、物品の積付順序を制御する。積付制御部１２３は、出荷指示情報から演算された積付順序指示情報に基づいて、積付装置２が積付順序指示に従った順序で物品を搬送用台車に積み付けるように、積付装置２へ制御信号を出力する。 The sorting control unit 122 controls the shipping order by controlling the sorting work of the articles in the automated warehouse 1 based on the shipping instruction information. Based on the shipping order instruction information calculated from the shipping instruction information, the sorting control unit 122 outputs a control signal to the automated warehouse 1 so that the automatic warehouse 1 ships the articles in the order according to the shipping order instruction. The stowage control unit 123 controls the stowage device 2 based on the shipping instruction information to control the stowage order of the articles. Based on the stowage order instruction information calculated from the shipping instruction information, the stowage control unit 123 causes the stowage device 2 to stow the articles on the transport vehicle in the order according to the stowage order instruction. A control signal is output to the device 2 .
　次に、図３を参照して、巨大物流拠点１０１から顧客１０３へ物品９０が配送されるまでの輸配送の流れの一例について説明する。なお、図３では、説明のために、物流拠点１０２Ａとして物流拠点１０２Ａａ，１０２Ａｂが示され、営業支店１０２Ｂとして営業支店１０２Ｂａ，１０２Ｂｂ，１０２Ｂｃが示されている。しかし、更に多数の物流拠点１０２Ａ及び営業支店１０２Ｂが存在してよい。図３に示すように、巨大物流拠点１０１では、自動倉庫１にて仕分けられて出庫された物品９０が、積付装置２によって搬送用台車９１に積み付けられる。積み付けられた物品９０は、搬送用台車９１ごと搬送車両１０４Ａに搭載される。ここでは、「１～９」という番号が付された物品９０、及び「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ、Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」という符号が付された物品９０が、搬送車両１０４Ａに搭載されている。一つの搬送用台車９１に対して三つの物品９０が積み付けられている。なお、図３で示される搬送用台車９１に対する物品９０の積み付け態様は模式的なものである。 Next, with reference to FIG. 3, an example of the flow of transportation and delivery until the goods 90 are delivered from the huge physical distribution base 101 to the customer 103 will be described. For the sake of explanation, FIG. 3 shows distribution bases 102Aa and 102Ab as the distribution base 102A, and sales branches 102Ba, 102Bb and 102Bc as the sales branch 102B. However, there may be many more logistics locations 102A and sales branches 102B. As shown in FIG. 3 , in the gigantic physical distribution base 101 , articles 90 that have been sorted and shipped from the automated warehouse 1 are stacked on a carrier truck 91 by the loading device 2 . The stacked articles 90 are mounted on the transport vehicle 104A together with the transport carriage 91 . Here, the articles 90 numbered "1 to 9" and the articles 90 numbered "A, B, C, M, L, N, X, Y, Z" are transported by the transport vehicle 104A. installed in the Three articles 90 are stacked on one carrier 91 . It should be noted that the manner of stacking the articles 90 on the carrier 91 shown in FIG. 3 is a schematic one.
　搬送車両１０４Ａは、「物流拠点１０２Ａａ、物流拠点１０２Ａｂ」の順で搭載した物品９０を搬送用台車９１ごと配送する。物流拠点１０２Ａａでは、搬送車両１０４Ａから「１～９」の物品９０が降ろされ、搬送車両１０４Ｂａへ「１～９」の物品９０の卸し積みが行われる。物流拠点１０２Ａｂでは、搬送車両１０４Ａから「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ、Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の物品９０が降ろされ、搬送車両１０４Ｂｂへ「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ、Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の物品９０の卸し積みが行われる。 The conveying vehicle 104A delivers the loaded articles 90 together with the conveying cart 91 in the order of "distribution base 102Aa, distribution base 102Ab". At the physical distribution base 102Aa, "1 to 9" articles 90 are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104A, and "1 to 9" articles 90 are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Ba. At the distribution base 102Ab, the articles 90 of "A, B, C, M, L, N, X, Y, Z" are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104A, and transferred to the carrier vehicle 104Bb by "A, B, C, M, L, N, X, Y, Z" items 90 are unloaded.
　搬送車両１０４Ｂｂは、「営業支店１０２Ｂａ、営業支店１０２Ｂｂ、営業支店１０２Ｂｃ」の順で搭載した物品９０を搬送用台車９１ごと配送する。営業支店１０２Ｂａでは、搬送車両１０４Ｂｂから「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」の物品９０が降ろされ、搬送車両１０４Ｃａへ「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」の物品９０の卸し積みが行われる。営業支店１０２Ｂｂでは、搬送車両１０４Ｂｂから「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」の物品９０が降ろされ、搬送車両１０４Ｃｂへ「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」の物品９０の卸し積みが行われる。営業支店１０２Ｂｃでは、搬送車両１０４Ｂｂから「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の物品９０が降ろされ、搬送車両１０４Ｃｃへ「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の物品９０の卸し積みが行われる。 The transport vehicle 104Bb delivers the goods 90 loaded in the order of "sales branch 102Ba, sales branch 102Bb, sales branch 102Bc" together with the transport carriage 91. At the sales branch 102Ba, the "M, L, N" articles 90 are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104Bb, and the "M, L, N" articles 90 are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Ca. At the sales branch 102Bb, the goods 90 of "A, B, C" are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104Bb, and the goods 90 of "A, B, C" are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Cb. At the sales branch 102Bc, the "X, Y, Z" articles 90 are unloaded from the carrier vehicle 104Bb, and the "X, Y, Z" articles 90 are unloaded onto the carrier vehicle 104Cc.
　搬送車両１０４Ｃｂは、「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」の物品９０を受取対象に係る各顧客１０３へ配送する。なお、他の搬送車両１０４Ｃａ，１０４Ｃｃも、「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の物品９０を、受取対象に係る各顧客１０３へ配送する。また、物流拠点１０２Ａａからの搬送車両１０４Ｂａも、「１～９」の物品９０を他の営業支店１０２Ｂへ配送する。 The transport vehicle 104Cb delivers the goods 90 of "A, B, C" to each customer 103 who is a recipient. Note that the other transport vehicles 104Ca and 104Cc also deliver the articles 90 of "M, L, N" and "X, Y, Z" to each customer 103 to be received. Also, the transport vehicle 104Ba from the physical distribution base 102Aa delivers the articles 90 of "1 to 9" to the other business branch 102B.
　上述のように、巨大物流拠点１０１から出荷された複数の物品９０は、搬送車両１０４Ａによって、複数の物流拠点１０２Ａへ配送されて、各物流拠点１０２Ａにて順に卸し積みがなされる。また、各物流拠点１０２Ａから出荷された複数の物品９０は、搬送車両１０４Ｂによって、複数の営業支店１０２Ｂへ配送されて、各営業支店１０２Ｂにて順に卸し積みがなされる。そして、各営業支店１０２Ｂから出荷された複数の物品９０は、搬送車両１０４Ｃによって、複数の顧客１０３へ順に配送がなされる。これに対して、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、複数の物流拠点１０２Ａでの卸し積みの順序と逆転した順序にて、物品９０が搬送車両１０４Ａに搭載されるように、物品９０の出庫順序を調整する。また、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、複数の営業支店１０２Ｂでの卸し積みの順序と逆転した順序にて、物品９０が搬送車両１０４Ｂに搭載されるように、物品９０の出庫順序を調整する。出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、複数の顧客１０３への配送の順序と逆転した順序にて、物品９０が搬送車両１０４Ｃに搭載されるように、物品９０の出庫順序を調整する。 As described above, a plurality of items 90 shipped from the gigantic distribution base 101 are delivered to the plurality of distribution bases 102A by the transport vehicle 104A, and are unloaded and loaded in order at each distribution base 102A. Also, a plurality of articles 90 shipped from each physical distribution base 102A are delivered to a plurality of business branches 102B by a carrier vehicle 104B, and are sequentially unloaded and loaded at each business branch 102B. A plurality of articles 90 shipped from each sales branch 102B are then delivered to a plurality of customers 103 in order by a carrier vehicle 104C. On the other hand, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 determines the delivery order of the goods 90 so that the goods 90 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104A in the reverse order of the unloading order at the plurality of physical distribution bases 102A. to adjust. In addition, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the shipping order of the goods 90 so that the goods 90 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104B in the reverse order of the unloading order at the multiple sales branches 102B. . The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the shipping order of the articles 90 so that the articles 90 are loaded onto the carrier vehicle 104C in the order reversed from the order of delivery to the plurality of customers 103 .
　具体的には、搬送車両１０４Ｃｂは、「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」の順で物品９０を各顧客１０３へ配送する。従って、搬送車両１０４Ｃｂ内では、上から「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」の順で物品９０が積まれていると、作業者が配送の順序にしたがって上から順に容易に物品９０を取り出すことができる。ここで、巨大物流拠点１０１から出荷されて営業支店１０２Ｂｂにて搬送車両１０４Ｃｂへの卸し積みが行われるまでの間、「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」の物品９０は、同じ搬送用台車９１に積み付けられた状態で、搬送用台車９１ごと受け渡しがなされる。従って、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、顧客１０３への配送順序とは逆順である「Ｃ、Ｂ、Ａ」の順で物品９０を出庫するように自動倉庫１を制御する。また、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、積付装置２が顧客１０３への配送順序とは逆順である「Ｃ、Ｂ、Ａ」の順で物品９０を積み重ねるように搬送用台車９１へ積み付けるように制御する。なお、他の搬送用台車９１に対する物品９０についても、同様に、顧客１０３への配送順序とは逆順にて出庫されて、積み付けられる。 Specifically, the transport vehicle 104Cb delivers the articles 90 to each customer 103 in the order of "A, B, C". Therefore, if the articles 90 are stacked in the order of "A, B, C" from the top inside the transport vehicle 104Cb, the worker can easily take out the articles 90 in order from the top according to the order of delivery. Here, the goods 90 of "A, B, and C" are loaded on the same carriage 91 until they are unloaded onto the transport vehicle 104Cb at the sales branch 102Bb after being shipped from the huge physical distribution base 101. In such a state, delivery is performed together with the carriage 91 for transportation. Therefore, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 controls the automated warehouse 1 so that the articles 90 are delivered in the order of “C, B, A”, which is the reverse order of the delivery order to the customer 103 . In addition, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 stacks the articles 90 on the carrier 91 so that the articles 90 are stacked in the order of "C, B, A", which is the reverse order of the delivery order to the customer 103. to control. It should be noted that the articles 90 for the other transport carts 91 are similarly delivered and stacked in the order opposite to the delivery order to the customer 103 .
　搬送車両１０４Ｂｂは、「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」、「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」、「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の順で物品９０を各営業支店１０２Ｂへ配送する。従って、搬送車両１０４Ｂｂ内では、荷台の奥側から「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」の順で物品９０が積まれていると、各営業支店１０２Ｂにおいて、作業者が配送の順序にしたがって荷台の手前側から順に容易に搬送用台車９１を取り出すことができる。また、搬送車両１０４Ａ内では、荷台の奥側から「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」、「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」、「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の順で物品９０が積まれていると、物流拠点１０２Ａｂにおいて、作業者が配送の順序にしたがって荷台の手前側から順に容易に搬送用台車９１を取り出すことができる。以上より、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、物流拠点１０２Ａｂでの卸し積みの順序と逆転した順序として、積付装置２が「Ｍ、Ｌ、Ｎ」、「Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ」、「Ｘ、Ｙ、Ｚ」の順で物品９０を搬送用台車９１に積み付けることができるように、自動倉庫１からの出庫順序を制御する。なお、「１～９」の物品についても同様に、物流拠点１０２Ａａでの卸し積みの順序とは逆順にて出庫されて、積み付けられる。 The transport vehicle 104Bb delivers the articles 90 to each sales branch 102B in the order of "M, L, N", "A, B, C", and "X, Y, Z". Therefore, in the carrier vehicle 104Bb, if the articles 90 are stacked in the order of "X, Y, Z", "A, B, C", and "M, L, N" from the back side of the carrier, each sales branch 102B , the worker can easily take out the carrier 91 sequentially from the front side of the carrier according to the order of delivery. Further, in the carrier vehicle 104A, if the articles 90 are loaded in the order of "M, L, N", "A, B, C", and "X, Y, Z" from the back side of the carrier, the physical distribution base At 102Ab, the operator can easily take out the transport carriages 91 in order from the front side of the loading platform according to the order of delivery. From the above, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 determines that the loading device 2 is "M, L, N", "A, B, C", "X , Y, and Z”, and controls the delivery order from the automated warehouse 1 so that the articles 90 can be loaded onto the carrier 91 in the order. It should be noted that the articles "1 to 9" are similarly unloaded and stacked in the reverse order of the unloading order at the physical distribution base 102Aa.
　搬送車両１０４Ａは、「１～９」、「Ａ～Ｚ」の順で物品９０を各物流拠点１０２Ａへ配送する。従って、搬送車両１０４Ａ内では、荷台の奥側から「Ａ～Ｚ」「１～９」の順で物品９０が積まれていると、各物流拠点１０２Ａにおいて、作業者が配送の順序にしたがって荷台の手前側から順に容易に搬送用台車９１を取り出すことができる。以上より、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、物流拠点１０２Ａへの配送の順序と逆転した順序として、積付装置２が「Ａ～Ｚ」、「１～９」の順で物品９０を搬送用台車９１に積み付けることができるように、自動倉庫１からの出庫順序を制御する。 The transport vehicle 104A delivers the articles 90 to each physical distribution base 102A in the order of "1 to 9" and "A to Z". Therefore, if the articles 90 are loaded in the order of "A to Z" and "1 to 9" from the back side of the loading platform in the transport vehicle 104A, the operator will load the loading platform in the order of delivery at each physical distribution base 102A. The carriage 91 for transportation can be easily taken out in order from the front side. As described above, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 determines that the order of delivery to the distribution base 102A is reversed, and the order of the stowage devices 2 is "A to Z" and then "1 to 9". The delivery order from the automatic warehouse 1 is controlled so that the carts 91 can be stowed.
　ここで、図４を参照して、搬送用台車９１について詳細に説明する。搬送用台車９１は、複数の物品９０を積付可能な内部空間ＳＰを有するフレーム構造９３と、フレーム構造９３を走行可能とする車輪９４と、を備える。ここで、上述のように、各物流拠点１０２Ａ及び営業支店１０２Ｂでは、自動倉庫１から出庫された物品９０は、搬送用台車９１に積み付けられたままの状態で搬送車両１０４Ｂ，１０４Ｃへ搭載される。そのため、複数の搬送用台車９１は、統一された構成を有することが好ましい。統一された構成を有する搬送用台車９１とは、統一された基準で規格化された搬送用台車９１である。規格化された搬送用台車９１は、統一された積付容量を有し、統一された方法で卸し積みの作業を行うことができる。規格化された各搬送用台車９１は、同様な構成のフレーム構造９３及び車輪９４を有する。なお、図４には、搬送用台車９１としてロールボックスが例示されているが、スーパーマーケットなどを顧客１０３とする場合は六輪台車などが採用されてよい。 Here, with reference to FIG. 4, the transport carriage 91 will be described in detail. The carrier 91 includes a frame structure 93 having an internal space SP in which a plurality of articles 90 can be stowed, and wheels 94 that allow the frame structure 93 to travel. Here, as described above, at each physical distribution base 102A and sales branch 102B, the articles 90 delivered from the automated warehouse 1 are loaded onto the transport vehicles 104B and 104C while being stacked on the transport cart 91. be. Therefore, it is preferable that the plurality of carriages 91 have a unified configuration. The transport trolley 91 having a unified configuration is a transport trolley 91 standardized according to a unified standard. The standardized carriage 91 has a standardized loading capacity and can perform unloading work in a standardized manner. Each standardized transport trolley 91 has a similarly configured frame structure 93 and wheels 94 . Note that FIG. 4 exemplifies a roll box as the transport cart 91, but when the customer 103 is a supermarket or the like, a six-wheeled cart or the like may be adopted.
　次に、図５及び図６を参照して、自動倉庫１の構成の一例について説明する。図５は、自動倉庫１を示す概略側面図である。図５に示すように、自動倉庫１は、複数の物品９０を入庫して保管し、保管された各物品９０のうち、出庫すべきものを出庫可能なシステムである。自動倉庫１は、自動倉庫１０と、入庫エレベータ１４と、出庫エレベータ１５と、入庫レーン２１と、出庫レーン２２と、を備える。自動倉庫１は、物品９０を保管する倉庫である。自動倉庫１は、倉庫本体部１１と、入庫渡り通路１２と、出庫渡り通路１３と、を備える。倉庫本体部１１は、複数段の棚１６を有している。棚１６は、倉庫本体部１１の一方側の端部から他方側の端部へ延在している。棚１６では、移載装置１７にて、入庫経路から出庫経路への物品の移載動作が行われる。入庫渡り通路１２は、倉庫本体部１１の一方側の端部に設けられ、各段の棚１６に対して物品９０を入庫する機構である。出庫渡り通路１３は、倉庫本体部１１の他方側の端部に設けられ、各段の棚１６から物品９０を出庫する機構である。入庫エレベータ１４は、入庫レーン２１から入庫される物品９０を上下させて、所望の棚１６に対応する段の入庫渡り通路１２へ物品９０を供給する。出庫エレベータ１５は、出庫対象となる物品９０を棚１６及び出庫渡り通路１３から受け取り、図示しない出庫口へ昇降させる。出庫エレベータ１５から出庫された物品９０は、出庫レーン２２へ搬出される。 Next, an example of the configuration of the automated warehouse 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic side view showing the automated warehouse 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the automated warehouse 1 is a system capable of receiving and storing a plurality of articles 90, and of the stored articles 90, those to be taken out. The automated warehouse 1 includes an automated warehouse 10, an incoming elevator 14, an outgoing elevator 15, an incoming lane 21, and an outgoing lane 22. - 特許庁The automated warehouse 1 is a warehouse that stores articles 90 . The automated warehouse 1 includes a warehouse main body 11, an incoming transit passage 12, and an outgoing transit passage 13. - 特許庁The warehouse body 11 has a plurality of shelves 16 . The shelf 16 extends from one end of the warehouse body 11 to the other end. On the shelf 16 , the transfer device 17 performs the transfer operation of the articles from the incoming route to the outgoing route. The warehousing crossing passage 12 is provided at one end of the warehouse main body 11 and is a mechanism for warehousing articles 90 to the shelves 16 of each stage. The delivery crossing passage 13 is provided at the other end of the warehouse body 11 and is a mechanism for delivering articles 90 from the shelves 16 of each stage. The storage elevator 14 raises and lowers the articles 90 stored from the storage lane 21 and supplies the articles 90 to the storage passage 12 of the stage corresponding to the desired shelf 16 . The unloading elevator 15 receives an article 90 to be unloaded from the shelf 16 and the unloading passageway 13 and moves it up and down to an unillustrated unloading opening. Articles 90 delivered from the delivery elevator 15 are carried out to the delivery lane 22 .
　図６は、自動倉庫１の入庫側及び出庫側の具体的な構成を示す概略構成図である。ここでは、入庫レーン２１、入庫渡り通路１２、出庫レーン、及び出庫渡り通路１３は、それぞれコンベアを有している。 FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the specific configuration of the incoming side and the outgoing side of the automated warehouse 1. As shown in FIG. Here, the entrance lane 21, the entrance passage 12, the exit lane, and the exit passage 13 each have a conveyor.
　入庫エレベータ１４及び出庫エレベータ１５は、水平方向移動手段（例えばコンベア）と、上下移動手段と、を備え、物品９０を上下方向及び水平方向に移動させる装置を有する。これにより、入庫エレベータ１４は、入庫レーン２１からの各物品９０を受け取り、所望の階の入庫渡り通路１２へ受け渡すことができる。また、出庫エレベータ１５は、各階から出庫渡り通路１３からの各物品９０を受け取り、所望の順序にて出庫レーン２２へ受け渡すことができる。 The incoming elevator 14 and the outgoing elevator 15 have horizontal movement means (for example, conveyors) and vertical movement means, and have devices for moving the articles 90 vertically and horizontally. As a result, the entry elevator 14 can receive each article 90 from the entry lane 21 and deliver it to the entry passageway 12 of the desired floor. In addition, the delivery elevator 15 can receive each article 90 from the delivery passage 13 from each floor and deliver it to the delivery lane 22 in a desired order.
　入庫エレベータ１４及び出庫エレベータ１５は、交互動作式の昇降装置であり、レーン２１，２２側の搬送棚１４Ａ，１５Ａと、渡り通路１２，１３側の搬送棚１４Ｂ，１５Ｂと、を有している。搬送棚１４Ａ，１４Ｂ，１５Ａ，１５Ｂは、それぞれ「自動倉庫の階数に一階数を追加した段数の収容可能エリア」分の段数の収容可能エリアＣＥを有している。そして、「自動倉庫の階数」分の段数（ここでは五段）で連続した搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａを有している。連続した搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａは、同時に上下移動する。連続した搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが下側へ移動すると、下から順に一段目から五段目の収容可能エリアＣＥに各搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが配置される。連続した搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが上側へ移動すると、下から順に二段目から六段目の収容可能エリアＣＥに各搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが配置される。また、搬送棚１４Ａ，１５Ａの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａと搬送棚１４Ｂ，１５Ｂの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａは、交互に上下移動する。すなわち、搬送棚１４Ａ，１５Ａの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが上側へ移動すると、搬送棚１４Ｂ，１５Ｂの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが下側へ移動し、搬送棚１４Ａ，１５Ａの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが下側へ移動すると、搬送棚１４Ｂ，１５Ｂの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａが上側へ移動する。また、同じ段数において、搬送棚１４Ａ，１５Ｂの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａと搬送棚１４Ｂ，１５Ｂの搬送箱１４ａ，１５ａとの間にて、物品９０を水平方向に移動させることができ、相互に物品９０の受け渡しと受け取りを行うことができる。 The entrance elevator 14 and the exit elevator 15 are alternately operated elevators, and have conveyor racks 14A and 15A on the side of the lanes 21 and 22 and conveyor racks 14B and 15B on the side of the connecting passages 12 and 13. . Each of the transport racks 14A, 14B, 15A, and 15B has a storable area CE corresponding to the number of storable areas corresponding to "the number of storable areas obtained by adding one floor to the number of floors of the automated warehouse". Then, it has the transport boxes 14a and 15a that are continuous with the number of stages corresponding to "the number of floors of the automated warehouse" (five stages in this case). Consecutive transport boxes 14a and 15a move up and down at the same time. When the continuous transport boxes 14a and 15a move downward, the transport boxes 14a and 15a are arranged in the first to fifth storable areas CE from the bottom. When the continuous transport boxes 14a and 15a move upward, the transport boxes 14a and 15a are arranged in the second to sixth storable areas CE from the bottom. Further, the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14A, 15A and the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14B, 15B alternately move up and down. That is, when the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport shelves 14A and 15A move upward, the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport shelves 14B and 15B move downward, and the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport shelves 14A and 15A move downward. When it moves to the side, the transport boxes 14a and 15a of the transport racks 14B and 15B move upward. In addition, in the same number of stages, the article 90 can be horizontally moved between the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14A, 15B and the transport boxes 14a, 15a of the transport shelves 14B, 15B. 90 can be delivered and received.
　出荷状態最適化演算部１２０（図２参照）は、入庫レーン２１から搬送されてきた物品９０を所望の入庫順序にて自動倉庫１内に入庫・保管されるように、自動倉庫１を制御する。また、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、自動倉庫１から出庫レーン２２へ所望の出庫順序にて出庫されるように、自動倉庫１を制御する。これにより、自動倉庫１は、入庫レーン２１から複数種類の物品９０がランダムに搬送されてきた場合などに、同一種類の物品９０をまとめた整列状態にて、出庫を行うことができる。また、自動倉庫１は、図３に示すように、各物流拠点での卸し積みや配送が容易になるような出庫順序にて、各物品９０を出庫することができる。なお、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、自動倉庫１での物品９０の仕分けを行うときには、物品９０が入庫エレベータ１４及び出庫エレベータ１５にて最適な経路を移動するように、経路探索をおこなう。例えば、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、入庫エレベータ１４及び出庫エレベータ１５の各部位を探索ノードとして、最短経路探索手法（例えば、エースターアルゴリズムなど）を用いて各物品９０の経路を探索する。 The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 (see FIG. 2) controls the automated warehouse 1 so that the articles 90 transported from the warehousing lane 21 are received and stored in the automated warehouse 1 in a desired warehousing order. . In addition, the shipping state optimization calculation section 120 controls the automated warehouse 1 so that the goods are delivered from the automated warehouse 1 to the delivery lane 22 in a desired delivery order. As a result, when a plurality of types of articles 90 are randomly transported from the warehousing lane 21, the automated warehouse 1 can take out the articles 90 of the same type in an aligned state. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the automated warehouse 1 can deliver the articles 90 in an order that facilitates unloading and delivery at each physical distribution base. When sorting the articles 90 in the automated warehouse 1, the shipping state optimization calculation section 120 performs route search so that the articles 90 move along the optimum route in the incoming elevator 14 and outgoing elevator 15. For example, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 searches for the route of each article 90 using a shortest route search method (eg, Aster algorithm) using each part of the incoming elevator 14 and the outgoing elevator 15 as search nodes.
　次に、図７を参照して、積付装置２の具体的な構成の一例について説明する。図７（ａ）に示す例では、積付装置２は、車両型の積付ロボット５０を有している。積付ロボット５０は、車両本体部５１と、搬送部５２と、を備える。搬送部５２は、車両本体部５１の上部において、車両前後方向に延びるように設けられている。搬送部５２は、後端側において出庫された物品９０を受け取る受取部５３と、前端側において物品９０を搬送用台車９１に積みつける積付部５４と、を備える。出荷状態最適化演算部１２０（図２参照）は、物流拠点１０２での卸し積み、及び顧客１０３への配送を行いやすい積み付け態様となるように、積付装置２を制御して物品９０を搬送用台車９１に積み付ける。このとき、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、搬送用台車９１内での収容率、重心位置などを演算することで、積付態様の最適化の演算を行う。 Next, an example of a specific configuration of the stowage device 2 will be described with reference to FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 7( a ), the stowage device 2 has a vehicle-type stowage robot 50 . The stacking robot 50 includes a vehicle body portion 51 and a transport portion 52 . The conveying portion 52 is provided in an upper portion of the vehicle body portion 51 so as to extend in the vehicle front-rear direction. The conveying section 52 includes a receiving section 53 that receives the delivered articles 90 on the rear end side, and a stacking section 54 that stacks the articles 90 on the conveying cart 91 on the front end side. The shipping condition optimization calculation unit 120 (see FIG. 2) controls the stowage device 2 to arrange the goods 90 so that the goods 90 are stowed in a manner that facilitates unloading at the distribution base 102 and delivery to the customer 103. It is loaded on a carriage 91 for transportation. At this time, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 calculates the accommodation rate in the carrier 91, the center of gravity position, and the like, thereby performing calculations for optimizing the stowage mode.
　図７（ｂ）に示す例では、積付装置２は、ロボットハンド型の積付ロボット６０を有している。積付ロボット６０は、地面に設置された本体部６１と、多関節の複数のアーム部６３と、物品９０を把持して積み付ける積付部６２と、を備える。積付ロボット６０は、コンベア６４で出庫されてきた物品９０を把持し、積付部を旋回させて搬送用台車９１に積みつける。 In the example shown in FIG. 7(b), the stowage device 2 has a robot hand type stowage robot 60. In the example shown in FIG. The stacking robot 60 includes a body portion 61 installed on the ground, a plurality of articulated arm portions 63, and a stacking portion 62 that holds and stacks the articles 90. As shown in FIG. The stowage robot 60 grips the articles 90 unloaded by the conveyor 64 , rotates the stowage section, and stacks them on the carriage 91 for transportation.
　図７（ｃ）に示す例では、積付装置２は、垂直移動型の積付ロボット７０を有している。積付ロボット７０は、物品９０を保持した状態で昇降移動する積付部７１と、積付部７１を昇降させる昇降部７２と、を備える。積付部７１の横側の一方（ここでは、図７（ｃ）の紙面表側）には出庫された物品９０を搬送するコンベア７３が設けられ、積付部７１の横側の他方（ここでは、図７（ｃ）の紙面裏側）には搬送用台車９１が配置される。積付部７１は、コンベア７３で搬送されてきた物品９０を受け取り、所望の積付高さまで上昇し、搬送用台車９１に積み付ける。 In the example shown in FIG. 7(c), the stowage device 2 has a vertical movement type stowage robot 70. In the example shown in FIG. The stacking robot 70 includes a stacking unit 71 that moves up and down while holding the articles 90 , and an elevating unit 72 that moves the stacking unit 71 up and down. A conveyer 73 for conveying the shipped articles 90 is provided on one side of the stacking section 71 (here, the front side of the paper surface of FIG. 7(c)), and the other side of the stacking section 71 (here, , the back side of the paper surface of FIG. 7(c)). The stowage section 71 receives the articles 90 conveyed by the conveyor 73 , rises to a desired stowage height, and stacks them on the carriage 91 for conveyance.
　次に、本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００の作用・効果について説明する。 Next, the actions and effects of the transportation and delivery system 100 according to this embodiment will be described.
　輸配送管理部１１０は、少なくとも物品９０を受け取る物流拠点１０２及び顧客１０３（最終配送先）に関する情報を含む受取情報と、少なくとも物品９０の配送順序に関する情報を含む配送情報と、に基づいて出荷指示情報を生成することができる。このように、輸配送管理部１１０は、巨大物流拠点１０１から出荷された後の物品９０が物流拠点１０２及び顧客１０３へどのような配送順序で配送されるかを考慮して、出荷指示情報を生成することができる。そのため、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、出荷指示情報に基づくことで、物流拠点１０２での作業量を低減するように、自動倉庫１からの物品９０の出庫順序を調整し、物流拠点１０２への出荷を最適化することができる。以上より、各物流拠点１０２における作業時間及び作業コストを低減することができる。 The transportation/delivery management unit 110 issues shipping instructions based on receipt information including at least information about the distribution center 102 and the customer 103 (final delivery destination) that receives the goods 90 and delivery information including at least information about the delivery order of the goods 90. Information can be generated. In this way, the transportation/delivery management unit 110 determines the shipping instruction information in consideration of the order in which the goods 90 shipped from the huge physical distribution base 101 are delivered to the physical distribution base 102 and the customer 103. can be generated. Therefore, based on the shipping instruction information, the shipping condition optimization calculation unit 120 adjusts the delivery order of the articles 90 from the automated warehouse 1 so as to reduce the amount of work at the distribution base 102 , and delivers the goods to the distribution base 102 . shipments can be optimized. As described above, the work time and work cost at each distribution base 102 can be reduced.
　出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、自動倉庫１の物品９０の仕分け作業を制御することによって出庫順序を制御する仕分制御部１２２を有してよい。この場合、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、物流拠点１０２での作業量を低減できるような出庫順序となるように、自動倉庫１での物品の仕分け作業を最適化することができる。 The shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 may have a sorting control unit 122 that controls the shipping order by controlling the sorting work of the articles 90 in the automated warehouse 1 based on the shipping instruction information. In this case, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 can optimize the sorting work of the articles in the automated warehouse 1 so that the shipping order is such that the amount of work at the distribution base 102 can be reduced.
　巨大物流拠点１０１は、自動倉庫１から出庫された物品９０を、搬送車両１０４へ搭載される搬送用台車９１へ積み付ける積付装置２を備え、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、出荷指示情報に基づいて、積付装置２を制御して、物品９０の搬送用台車９１への積付順序を制御する積付制御部１２３を有してよい。この場合、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、物流拠点１０２での作業量を低減できるような積付順序となるように、積付装置２での物品９０の搬送用台車９１への積み付け作業を最適化することができる。 The gigantic distribution base 101 includes a stowage device 2 that stacks the goods 90 delivered from the automated warehouse 1 onto a carriage 91 mounted on a transport vehicle 104. The stowage control unit 123 may be provided for controlling the stowage device 2 based on the above to control the order of stowage of the articles 90 onto the transport carriage 91 . In this case, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 performs the work of loading the articles 90 onto the carriage 91 by the stowage device 2 so as to achieve a stowage order that can reduce the amount of work at the distribution base 102. can be optimized.
　巨大物流拠点１０１では、自動倉庫１から出庫された物品９０は、搬送用台車９１に積み付けられた状態で搬送車両１０４へ搭載され、複数の搬送用台車９１は、統一された構成を有してよい。この場合、各物流拠点１０２において、搬送車両１０４へ搬送用台車９１を効率良く積み降ろしを行うことができる。 In the gigantic physical distribution base 101, the articles 90 delivered from the automated warehouse 1 are loaded onto the carrier vehicle 104 in a state of being stacked on the carrier carrier 91, and the plurality of carrier carriers 91 have a unified configuration. you can In this case, it is possible to efficiently load and unload the carrier 91 onto and from the carrier vehicle 104 at each physical distribution base 102 .
　巨大物流拠点１０１から出荷された複数の物品９０は、搬送車両１０４によって、複数の物流拠点１０２へ配送されて、各物流拠点１０２にて順に卸し積みがなされ、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、複数の物流拠点１０２での卸し積みの順序と逆転した順序にて、物品９０が搬送車両１０４に搭載されるように、物品９０の出庫順序を調整してよい。この場合、自動倉庫１において、下流側の物流拠点１０２において、卸し積みの作業を行いやすい順序にて、物品９０を積み込むことが可能となる。 A plurality of goods 90 shipped from a huge distribution base 101 are delivered to a plurality of distribution bases 102 by a transport vehicle 104, and are unloaded and loaded at each distribution base 102 in order. The delivery order of the articles 90 may be adjusted so that the articles 90 are loaded onto the transport vehicle 104 in an order that is reversed from the order of unloading at the plurality of physical distribution sites 102 . In this case, in the automated warehouse 1, it is possible to load the articles 90 in an order that facilitates the unloading operation at the distribution base 102 on the downstream side.
　なお、比較例として、従来の輸配送システムについて説明を行う。従来の輸配送システムでは、巨大物流拠点１０１の制御部は、受取情報として「どの物流拠点へ行くかの行先」「梱包サイズ」を受信するが、配送情報の発信元とは連携しておらず、配送情報を取得することなく、出庫計画を生成していた。そのため、巨大物流拠点１０１では、順不同で行先の物流拠点１０２別に物品を搬送車両１０４Ａに積み込んだだけの作業にて、出荷を行う。従って、各物流拠点１０２では、搬送用台車９１に積まれた物品９０を全て卸し、次の配送先への別の搬送用台車９１に再度の積み替えが行われる。そのため、各物流拠点１０２での作業時間の増大と、必要作業者の増大が生じていた。 As a comparative example, a conventional transportation and delivery system will be explained. In the conventional transportation and delivery system, the control unit of the gigantic distribution base 101 receives "destination of which distribution base to go" and "packing size" as receipt information, but does not cooperate with the sender of the delivery information. , was generating shipping plans without obtaining delivery information. Therefore, at the gigantic physical distribution base 101, shipping is performed by simply loading the articles into the transport vehicle 104A according to the physical distribution base 102 of the destination in random order. Therefore, at each physical distribution base 102, all the articles 90 loaded on the carrier 91 are unloaded and re-shipped to another carrier 91 to the next delivery destination. As a result, an increase in work hours and an increase in the number of required workers have occurred at each distribution base 102 .
　これに対し、本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００においては、上述のような従来の輸配送システムの問題を巨大物流拠点１０１から最終配送先である顧客１０３に至るまで広範囲な視野で総合的に改善することが可能である。本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００では、巨大物流拠点１０１にて、最終配送先の顧客１０３まで含めた物品９０の順序の制御を織り込んだ上で、搬送用台車９１への積み付けがなされている。従って、巨大物流拠点１０１以降の物流拠点１０２では、搬送車両１０４に積まれた搬送用台車９１の順番に従って、搬送車両１０４間での搬送用台車９１の入れ替えのみを実施すればよくなる。また、最終配送先では配送ルート順に輸送しながら搬送用台車９１に積まれた物品９０を順番に取り出して、顧客１０３に受け渡す事が可能となる。 On the other hand, in the transportation/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, the problem of the conventional transportation/delivery system as described above is comprehensively dealt with from a wide range of perspectives, from the giant physical distribution base 101 to the customer 103 who is the final delivery destination. Improvement is possible. In the transportation and delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, at the gigantic physical distribution base 101, the order of the goods 90 including the customer 103 of the final delivery destination is incorporated, and then the goods 90 are stowed on the carriage 91. there is Therefore, in the distribution bases 102 after the huge distribution base 101, it is only necessary to replace the transfer carts 91 between the transfer vehicles 104 according to the order of the transfer carts 91 loaded on the transfer vehicles 104. FIG. At the final delivery destination, the articles 90 stacked on the carrier 91 can be taken out in order while being transported in order of the delivery route, and delivered to the customer 103 .
　本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００では、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、巨大物流拠点１０１から最終配送先までの配送計画に従って、各営業支店１０２Ｂの物品９０のグループ単位の順番と、それを搬送用台車９１からルート順に取り出していく順番の２つの構成にて、緻密な順序構成を算出するアルゴリズムを保有している。加えて、輸配送システム１００では、各物流拠点１０２での搬送車両１０４間の入替（搬送用台車９１卸し積み）をスルーにするために、搬送車両１０４に積み込む順番を考慮し、各物流拠点１０２の連結数によって巨大物流拠点１０１からの出荷順番を正順にしたり逆順にしたりする工夫を行っている。本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００は、通常巨大物流拠点１０１で策定される出荷計画に、各物流拠点１０２で策定される「受取情報」「配送情報」をリアルタイムに加えることで、計算アルゴリズムの最適化精度を向上させることができる。 In the transportation/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 follows the delivery plan from the huge physical distribution base 101 to the final delivery destination, and orders the items 90 of each sales branch 102B in units of groups. It has an algorithm for calculating a detailed order configuration in two configurations of the order of picking up from the transport cart 91 in the order of the route. In addition, in the transportation/delivery system 100, the order of loading onto the transport vehicles 104 is taken into account in order to pass through the exchange between the transport vehicles 104 at each physical distribution base 102 (unloading of the transport cart 91). The order of shipment from the giant physical distribution base 101 is devised to be forward or reverse depending on the number of connections. The transportation/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment adds, in real time, "receipt information" and "delivery information" formulated at each distribution base 102 to the shipping plan normally formulated at the huge distribution base 101, thereby making the calculation algorithm Optimization accuracy can be improved.
　ここで、通常、希望の順番通りに自動倉庫１内から最短時間で自動で出庫する場合、無限大の組合せの全パターンを計算・比較することで最適解を求める。しかし、そのような最適化処理を行うには、高性能な計算機でも膨大な時間（例えば数日）が必要となってしまう。その場合、特定のルールの組合せで賄う方法を取る場合が多いが、必要性能の不足、または物品９０を出庫する自動倉庫１の性能にバラツキが生じる等の問題がある。本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００では、そのような問題を解決するために、出荷状態最適化演算部１２０は、入庫エレベータ１４及び出庫エレベータ１５の各部位を探索ノードとして、最短経路探索手法を用いて各物品９０の経路を探索している。 Here, normally, when automatically delivering goods from the automated warehouse 1 in the desired order in the shortest time, the optimum solution is obtained by calculating and comparing all patterns of infinite combinations. However, such optimization processing requires a huge amount of time (for example, several days) even with a high-performance computer. In that case, there are many cases in which a method of covering by a combination of specific rules is taken, but there are problems such as lack of required performance or variation in the performance of the automated warehouse 1 that delivers the goods 90 . In the transportation delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, in order to solve such a problem, the shipping state optimization calculation unit 120 uses each part of the incoming elevator 14 and the outgoing elevator 15 as search nodes, and uses the shortest path search method. is used to search for the route of each article 90 .
　本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００は、積付装置２として図７に示すような積付ロボット５０，６０，７０を採用して、自動倉庫１から出庫された物品を連続的に搬送用台車９１によどみなく積み付けることができる。本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００は、一物品９０毎の完全な順番制御であっても、連続的な状態（搬送中の物品９０と物品９０の間隔が詰まった状態）で出庫する。また、本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００は、積付装置２を用いて、狭いスペースで高速に搬送用台車９１に物品９０を積み込む自動積み付けを実現することができる。本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００では、コンパクトな直行軸移載を採用、また画像処理を使わず積み付け位置制御を実現する技術を有する。 The transportation and delivery system 100 according to this embodiment employs stacking robots 50, 60, and 70 as shown in FIG. 91 can be stowed smoothly. The transportation/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, even with complete order control for each item 90, delivers items in a continuous state (a state in which the intervals between the items 90 being transported are close together). In addition, the transport/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment can use the stowage device 2 to realize automatic stowage in which the goods 90 are stowed on the carrier 91 at high speed in a narrow space. The transport/delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment employs a compact direct axis transfer, and has a technique for realizing stowage position control without using image processing.
　本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００では、上述のような問題を巨大物流拠点１０１から最終配送先までの大きな範囲全てにおいて、配送リードタイム短縮と、作業人員コスト（多くは人件費）低減が可能となる。加えて、最適化探索の高速化を図るための巨大なコンピューティングシステム（例えば量子コンピュータ等）は本実施形態に係る輸配送システム１００でのアルゴリズムでは必要がなく、設備投資等の大きな削減に寄与することができる。 In the transportation and delivery system 100 according to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the delivery lead time and work personnel costs (mainly personnel costs) over the entire large range from the huge distribution base 101 to the final delivery destination. becomes. In addition, a huge computing system (for example, a quantum computer, etc.) for speeding up the optimization search is not necessary for the algorithm in the transportation and delivery system 100 according to the present embodiment, which contributes to a significant reduction in capital investment. can do.
　本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではない。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.
　上述の実施形態では、対象を巨大物流拠点１０１から最終配送先としているが、発送者から巨大物流拠点１０１まで物品９０を輸送する間にも、物流拠点は存在している。特に巨大物流拠点１０１は各エリアに存在する「巨大物流拠点」からの「到着分配拠点」であり、逆に言えば各エリアの「集約発送拠点」からの各エリアの「到着分配拠点」への分配輸送にも、本発明に係る輸配送システムの活用範囲を広げる事が可能である。このように、変形例に係る輸配送システムによれば、発送者に近い前工程にも、上記の実施形態と同様の効果を発揮する事ができる。また、本発明は「高速な順立て搬送によるリードタイムの短縮」を効果としているが、受け取り者の受け取り時間の情報までを正確に準備段取りできるプラットフォームと連携する事で、「最終配送先にタイムリーに配送する輸配送システム」を構築することも可能である。変形例に係る輸配送システムによれば、他のシステム（情報源）と連携することで、更に無駄の少ない輸配送を考慮した、巨大物流拠点からの出荷が可能となる。 In the above-described embodiment, the object is the final delivery destination from the gigantic distribution base 101, but the distribution base also exists while the goods 90 are being transported from the sender to the gigantic distribution base 101. In particular, the gigantic distribution base 101 is the "arrival distribution base" from the "giant distribution base" that exists in each area. It is possible to expand the range of utilization of the transportation and delivery system according to the present invention to distribution transportation as well. As described above, according to the transportation and delivery system according to the modified example, it is possible to exhibit the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment even in the preceding process close to the sender. In addition, the present invention has the effect of "shortening the lead time by high-speed orderly transportation", but by linking with a platform that can accurately prepare for the receiving time information of the recipient, "time to the final delivery destination" It is also possible to build a transportation delivery system that delivers to Lee. According to the transportation/delivery system according to the modified example, by linking with other systems (information sources), it is possible to ship from a gigantic physical distribution base in consideration of even less wasteful transportation/delivery.
　１　　自動倉庫
　２　　積付装置
　１００　　輸配送システム
　１０１　　巨大物流拠点（第１の物流拠点）
　１０２　　物流拠点（第２の物流拠点）
　１１０　　輸配送管理部
　１２０　　出荷状態最適化演算部
　１２２　　仕分制御部
　１２３　　積付制御部 1 automated warehouse 2 stowage device 100 transportation delivery system 101 gigantic physical distribution base (first physical distribution base)
102 distribution base (second distribution base)
110 transportation and delivery management unit 120 shipping state optimization calculation unit 122 sorting control unit 123 stowage control unit

Claims (5)

  1. 　物品の保管と搬送を行う自動倉庫を有する第１の物流拠点、及び他の第２の物流拠点との間の拠点間物流における輸配送システムであって、
    　前記物品の輸配送を管理する輸配送管理部と、
    　前記第１の物流拠点での前記物品の出荷状態の最適化を行う出荷状態最適化演算部と、を備え、
    　前記輸配送管理部は、少なくとも前記物品を受け取る前記第２の物流拠点及び最終配送先に関する情報を含む受取情報と、少なくとも前記物品の配送順序に関する情報を含む配送情報と、に基づいて出荷指示情報を生成し、
    　前記出荷状態最適化演算部は、前記出荷指示情報に基づいて、前記第２の物流拠点へ出荷する前記自動倉庫からの前記物品の出庫順序を調整する、輸配送システム。     A transportation and delivery system in inter-base distribution between a first distribution base having an automated warehouse for storing and transporting goods and another second distribution base,
    a transportation and delivery management unit that manages the transportation and delivery of the goods;
    a shipping state optimization calculation unit that optimizes the shipping state of the goods at the first distribution base;
    The transportation/delivery management unit provides shipping instruction information based on receipt information including at least information regarding the second distribution base and final delivery destination for receiving the item, and delivery information including at least information regarding the delivery order of the item. to generate
    The transportation/delivery system, wherein the shipping state optimization calculation unit adjusts the shipping order of the articles from the automated warehouse to be shipped to the second physical distribution base, based on the shipping instruction information.
  2. 　前記出荷状態最適化演算部は、前記出荷指示情報に基づいて、前記自動倉庫の前記物品の仕分け作業を制御することによって出庫順序を制御する仕分制御部を有する、請求項１に記載の輸配送システム。 2. The transportation and delivery according to claim 1, wherein said shipping state optimization calculation unit has a sorting control unit that controls a shipping order by controlling sorting work of said articles in said automated warehouse based on said shipping instruction information. system.
  3. 　前記第１の物流拠点は、前記自動倉庫から出庫された前記物品を、搬送車両へ搭載される搬送用台車へ積み付ける積付装置を備え、
    　前記出荷状態最適化演算部は、前記出荷指示情報に基づいて、前記積付装置を制御して、前記物品の前記搬送用台車への積付順序を制御する積付制御部を有する、請求項１又は２に記載の輸配送システム。     The first physical distribution base comprises a stowage device that stacks the articles taken out from the automated warehouse onto a carrier truck mounted on a carrier vehicle,
    3. The shipping state optimization calculation unit has a stowage control unit that controls the stowage device based on the shipping instruction information to control the order of stowage of the articles onto the transport vehicle. 3. The transportation and delivery system according to 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記第１の物流拠点では、前記自動倉庫から出庫された前記物品は、搬送用台車に積み付けられた状態で搬送車両へ搭載され、
    　複数の前記搬送用台車は、統一された構成を有する、請求項１～３の何れか一項に記載の輸配送システム。     At the first physical distribution base, the articles delivered from the automated warehouse are loaded onto a transport vehicle in a state of being stacked on a transport cart,
    4. The transportation and delivery system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of carriages for transportation have a unified configuration.
  5. 　前記第１の物流拠点から出荷された複数の前記物品は、搬送車両によって、複数の前記第２の物流拠点へ配送されて、各第２の物流拠点にて順に卸し積みがなされ、
    　前記出荷状態最適化演算部は、複数の前記第２の物流拠点での卸し積みの順序と逆転した順序にて、前記物品が前記搬送車両に搭載されるように、前記物品の出庫順序を調整する、請求項１～４の何れか一項に記載の輸配送システム。     The plurality of articles shipped from the first distribution base are delivered to the plurality of second distribution bases by a transport vehicle, and are unloaded and loaded in order at each of the second distribution bases,
    The shipping state optimization calculation unit adjusts the delivery order of the goods so that the goods are loaded onto the transport vehicle in an order reversed from the order of unloading at the plurality of second physical distribution bases. 5. The transportation and delivery system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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JP2002167014A (en) * 2000-12-06 2002-06-11 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Automated storage and retrieval warehouse and delivery method from the same
WO2017061632A1 (en) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-13 トーヨーカネツソリューションズ株式会社 Article loading device having loading logic
JP2019112226A (en) * 2017-12-20 2019-07-11 ヤマト運輸株式会社 Delivery method of article and delivery information processing system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002167014A (en) * 2000-12-06 2002-06-11 Aisin Seiki Co Ltd Automated storage and retrieval warehouse and delivery method from the same
WO2017061632A1 (en) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-13 トーヨーカネツソリューションズ株式会社 Article loading device having loading logic
JP2019112226A (en) * 2017-12-20 2019-07-11 ヤマト運輸株式会社 Delivery method of article and delivery information processing system

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