WO2021035316A1

WO2021035316A1 - Twin-cylinder internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: WO2021035316A1
Application number: PCT/BG2020/000032
Authority: WO
Inventors: Петар Асенов РИЗОВ
Original assignee: Петар Асенов РИЗОВ
Priority date: 2019-08-27
Filing date: 2020-08-19
Publication date: 2021-03-04
Also published as: BG67531B1; BG112989A; JP7574280B2; JP2022546403A

Abstract

A twin-cylinder internal combustion engine in which combustion and water evaporation and condensation take place, which increases specific power, lowers specific fuel consumption, purifies a majority of impurities, and also reduces the weight and volume of the engine. In a twin-cylinder internal combustion engine it does not matter what fuel is used in the primary cylinder, but the load in the second cylinder is significant due to the high pressure of the steam, and it is known that a steam engine has a large gross torque. The engine is well-balanced since a combustion method is used in the primary cylinder which generates thermal energy for carrying out mechanical work, while in the secondary cylinder an evaporation method is used which eliminates thermal energy, and the mechanical work is carried out again, each thus thermally compensating the other with minor loss, which leads to greater efficiency.

Description

WO 2021/035316 b INTERNAL COMBUSTION WITH DOUBLE HPD / ^ O roooz ^

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and relates to a four-stroke piston internal combustion engine used in land, air, water, stationary and mobile vehicles.

LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

A four-stroke reciprocating internal combustion engine is a heat engine that converts the thermal energy released during the combustion of fuel into mechanical work. The engine is relatively small compared to the power it generates and is one of the main engines that has taken the load for the transportation needs of mankind for over 100 years. We must recognize both its performance and its disadvantages: low efficiency (for gasoline up to 33% ^', for a diesel engine of up to 40%); high specific fuel consumption (for gasoline up to 325 g / kWh; for diesel up to 280 g / kWh). Exhaust gases contain [1] carbon dioxide, soot, fine dust particles and harmful elements that are the product of the combustion process.

TECHNICAL SUMMARY / DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION /

The objective of the invention is to provide an internal combustion engine, in which structural and organizational changes can be made in the operation in order to achieve an increase in power density by more than 50%, to reduce specific fuel consumption by 50%, to reduce exhaust gases by more than: by 50%, achieve a reduction in emissions of harmful elements from the combustion process by more than 80% in order to protect the environment.

In a piston internal combustion engine, when fuel is burned, the released thermal energy raises the temperature of the gases, their volume increases, and the pressure on the piston head also increases, the piston is pushed from top dead center to bottom dead center and, thus, performs mechanical work, as in the proposal of the patent " internal combustion engine with double cylinders "/ grouping of cylinders in two, the second has a double volume /, after using the thermal energy that is created by burning fuel in the first cylinder, and the increased pressure pushed the piston from top dead center to bottom dead center, and mechanical work is performed, the gases will be transferred to the second cylinder, where, at peak compression, high pressure water will be injected, which, scattered in the compressed hot gases, will evaporate and turn into water vapor [2], the created pressure will push the piston from top dead center to bottom dead center, that mechanical work will be performed, but when water evaporates, it will take away a huge amount of gases from the heat, and they, almost cooled, homogeneously mixed with water vapor, will affect the turbine stages of the turbocharger, from there they are introduced into the condenser, where they are additionally cooled, and the condensate together with the exhaust elements of the combustion process deposited in a suitable container for further processing. The problem is solved by creating an internal combustion engine with twin cylinders / grouping of cylinders into two /, since each group of twin cylinders consists of a primary cylinder and a secondary cylinder / double volume /, where the primary cylinder is closed from above by a head in which a filling valve is installed, connected by a manifold to the outlet a turbocharger compressor, a high pressure fuel injection nozzle / ignition system /, connected by a pipeline to HBT / HBV [2] and an exhaust valve, which is connected by a manifold to a filling valve installed in the head, with which the secondary cylinder is closed at the top, in which a nozzle for spraying water under high pressure, connected by a pipeline to the HBT / HBV and an exhaust valve, which is connected by a manifold to the turbine of the turbocharger, the crankshaft is installed in the crankcase, on which the connecting rod journals, which are connected by connecting rods and piston bolts with the pistons of the primary cylinder and secondary cylinder, located in such a way that when the piston of the primary cylinder is at top dead center, the piston of the secondary cylinder is at bottom dead center and, in addition, the turbocharger turbine outlet is connected via a manifold to the condenser inlet installed in the group BeHTHWO 2021/035316 edyanoy pump mounted at the bottom of kw n ^ _and _ra ^{® / 0} sosdinen through the collector to the container for deposition of condensate and delayed harmful elements therein, the product of the combustion process.

Advantages of the invention.

The twin-cylinder internal combustion engine has more than 50% power density; specific fuel consumption is less than 50%; more than 60% less exhaust gases; up to 80% less soot and fine dust particles. This engine is better thermally balanced because combustion takes place in the primary cylinder and water evaporates in the secondary cylinder, which removes heat, and in the absence of heat loss we expect a higher efficiency (up to 80%).

BLUEPRINTS

FIG. 1. Two-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine, built from one pair of "twin cylinders" arranged in one row.

FIG. 2. Two-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine, built from one pair of "twin cylinders", located oppositely.

FIG. 3. Four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine, consisting of two pairs of "twin cylinders" arranged in one row.

FIG. 4. Four-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine, consisting of two pairs of "twin cylinders" located oppositely.

FIG. 5. Eight-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine, consisting of four pairs of "twin cylinders" arranged oppositely, two against two.

EXAMPLES OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION The invention is illustrated by the following example. As shown in / FIG. one; FIG. 2. /, the internal combustion engine with twin cylinders consists of a four-stroke two-cylinder block, located in one row (Fig. 1), / a four-stroke block, consisting of two opposed (Fig. 2) /, since the primary cylinder 1 is closed from above by the head 17, in which the filling valve 11 / driven by the cam of the camshaft 13 / is mounted, which is connected by the manifold 8 to the outlet of the compressor of the turbocharger, the fuel injector 15 / ignition system /, which is connected through the pipeline 16 to the HBT / HBV, the exhaust valve 12 / driven in action by the cam of the camshaft 14 / connected by the manifold 3 with the filling valve 21 of the secondary cylinder 2 / double volume /, closed at the top by the head 27, in which the water spray nozzle 25 is installed, connected by a pipeline to the HBT / HBV / not shown in FIG. 1, fig. 21, and an exhaust valve 22 / driven by the cam of the camshaft 24 /, which is connected by the manifold 9 to the inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger, and the outlet of the turbine is connected by the manifold 10 to the inlet of the condenser 4, in the lowermost part of which there is a water pump 5 connected by a pipeline 6 to container 7 for the deposition of condensate, in which harmful elements, which are the product of the combustion process, are deposited, and the condenser 4 is connected by a pipeline to the mufflers, the release of which ends with an exhaust pipe into the atmosphere.

APPLICATION (USE) OF THE INVENTION The twin cylinder internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, operates by initially starting with an electric starting motor (not shown in the drawings), rotating the crankshaft and everything connected with it through the flywheel gear, the "filling" stroke of the primary cylinder 1 begins when the turbocharger compressor supplies air / fuel mixture / connecting manifold 8 through filler valve 11 / driven by camshaft cam 13 / and the piston moves from top dead center to bottom dead center and when it reaches this it changes course filler valve 11 / released from camshaft cam 13 /, closes and begins the "compression" stroke, which ends when the piston reaches top dead center, and the spray nozzle 15, during peak compression, dissipates the fuel supplied through TruboluO 2021/035316; GNP-VND / spark of the ignition system /, the next combustion "/ work /, the piston pushed out due to increased temperature and pressure, created by an increased volume of gases during fuel combustion, travels the distance from top dead center to bottom dead center , where the "combustion" / work / stroke ends, the piston is deployed and driven by the inertia of the flywheel, moves from bottom dead center to top dead center, at the same time the exhaust valve 12 opens (pressed by the cam of the camshaft 14) and is connected by the manifold 3 to the filling valve 21, which is also opened / pressed by the cam of the camshaft 23 /, the stroke of the "closing" stroke of the secondary cylinder / double volume / 2 begins, transferring the exhaust gases from the primary cylinder to the secondary cylinder, at bottom dead center the filling valve 21 is closed / released from the camshaft cam shaft 23 /, then the piston changes its stroke and starts the "compression" stroke, since at the end of the stroke it is almost in the top dead point, the nozzle for spraying water 25, connected by pipeline 26 with HBV-HBT, disperses water in compressed and hot gases, which causes evaporation, and when the water evaporates, the volume of water vapor increases 1700 times, which increases the pressure in the piston space and pushes the piston to the bottom dead center, which performs an "expansion" stroke and performs twice as much mechanical work. At bottom dead center, the exhaust valve 22 opens (pressed by the cam of the camshaft 24), the piston turns, moving from bottom dead center to top dead center, pushing by the inertia of the flywheel, pushing out the exhaust gases, which are already homogeneously mixed with water vapor and strongly cooled during the exhaust by evaporation of water, the gases leave the secondary cylinder 2 and, using the connecting manifold 9, connected to the inlet of the turbocharger turbine, turn it, performing additional work, compressing the air / fuel mixture / for the primary cylinder 1 and from the outlet and through the manifold 10 to the inlet condenser 4, where they are cooled and condensed, carry away most of the soot, small dust particles and other harmful elements by themselves, and the water pump 5, installed in the lower part of the condenser 4, through the pipeline 6 pumps them into the container 7 for further processing, residual exhaust gases and non-condensed water vapor leaves the engine through an exhaust There is a single opening of the condenser 4, which is connected to a suitable pipeline with mufflers, which are discharged to the atmosphere through the pipeline.

Bibliographic data / Literature /:

1. Source - DVG-3.pdf - Angel Kanchev, Technical University of Ruse named after Angel Kanchev, K. Khadzhiev and S. Iliev - the device of tractor engines.

2. When water evaporates, water vapor increases its volume by 1700 times. Technical thermodynamics, 1978, J. Krastev

3. For gasoline and gas fuel engines, we use HBV / water injection pump /, and for diesel, we use HBT / HBV / fuel injection pump, connected and integrated with the water injection pump /, as for an internal combustion engine, only double cylinders only the degree of heating of the exhaust gases matters.

4. Comparison of data for the air-fuel mixture / from the end of the cycle of "filling" the cylinder of an internal combustion engine: for gasoline pa = 0.08 mr, ta = 420 k and diesel ra = 0.95 mPr, ta = 330 and for the secondary cylinder 2, / here are the product of exhaust gases from the first cylinder 1 /: for gasoline p = 0.5 mra, t = 1500 k and diesel p = 0.4 mra, t = 1200 k, you can see significantly higher values at the beginning of the stroke "Filling" in the secondary cylinder 2 of the internal combustion engine with twin cylinders and therefore to reduce the stress, we propose a "double volume" of the secondary cylinder 2, which can change after laboratory tests.

University of Ruse "Angel Kanchev" Construction of tractor engines; authors K. Khadzheev, S. Iliev

Claims

CLAIM

1. The first independent claim for the method / FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 / a twin-cylinder internal combustion engine, consisting of a reciprocating four-stroke internal combustion engine in which the cylinders are grouped into two and in the primary cylinder (1) at peak compression; at the top dead center, fuel is sprayed / a spark is given / from the nozzle (15) / ignition system / connected by a pipeline (16) with HBT / HBV / not shown in Fig. L and Fig. 2 /, which during combustion increases the temperature and volume, in as a result, the pressure increases in the piston space, which pushes the piston from top dead center to bottom dead center, and this is how mechanical work is performed, characterized in that we transfer the hot exhaust gases from the primary cylinder (1) through the exhaust valve (12) / press the distributor cam shaft (14) / through the manifold (3) through the filler valve (21) / open by the cam of the camshaft (23) / secondary cylinder (2) / double volume /, since in the case of peak compression at top dead center we spray water under a high pressure with the nozzle (25) / connected pipeline (26) with HBT / HBV / not shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 /, since during evaporation the water removes most of the thermal energy of the exhaust gases and increases displacement 1700 times as a result of which the increased pressure pushes the piston from top dead center to bottom dead center, thus performing mechanical work, the exhaust valve (22) / open camshaft cam (24) / is connected by a manifold (9) to the turbine inlet of the turbocharger , and the outlet through the collector (10) is connected to the inlet of the condenser (4) at the maximum in the lower part of which a water pump (5) is installed, which is connected by a pipeline (6) to the container; (7) for the deposition of condensate with harmful elements deposited in it, during combustion, for subsequent processing, and the outlet of the condenser (4) through a suitable pipeline is connected to mufflers, from which residual water vapor and exhaust gases are discharged into the atmosphere.

2. The second independent claim for the device (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), an internal combustion engine with twin cylinders, consisting of a two-cylinder four-stroke block arranged in one row (Fig. 1) / two-cylinder four-stroke block, is located oppositely (Fig. 2 ). ) / consisting of a primary cylinder (1) closed from above by a head (17), in which a filling valve (11) / driven by a camshaft cam (13) / connected by a manifold (8) to the outlet of the turbocharger compressor, a fuel injection nozzle ( 15), connected through the pipeline (16) -HBT / HBV (not shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 2) and the exhaust valve (12) / driven by the camshaft (14) /, and the secondary cylinder / double volume / ( 2), closed from above by a head (27), in which a filling valve (21) / driven by a camshaft (23) /, an exhaust valve (22) / driven by a camshaft (24) / are installed, characterized in that the exhaust the valve (12) of the primary cylinder (1) is connected by the manifold (3) to the filling valve (21) of the secondary cylinder / double volume / (2), the water spray nozzle (25) is installed through the head (27) of the secondary cylinder (2), crankshaft the shaft is installed in the crankcase of the block, on which the shaft The connecting rods are spaced 180 ° apart (Fig. 1) / a crankshaft with one connecting rod neck is installed in the crankcase of the block, to which the connecting rods of both pistons are attached /, therefore, when the piston of the primary cylinder (1) is at top dead center, the piston of the secondary cylinder (2) is at bottom dead center, the exhaust the valve (22) of the secondary cylinder (2) is connected by a manifold (9) to the inlet of the turbine of the turbocharger, the outlet of the turbine of the turbocharger is connected by the manifold 1 _, 0 to the inlet of the condenser (4), in the lower part of which there is a water pump (5) for pumping condensate with harmful deposits elements from the combustion process through the pipeline (6) into the container (7). ), and the outlet of the condenser (4) is connected by a suitable pipeline with mufflers / not shown in figure 1; Fig. 2 /, of which there is an outlet into the atmosphere.

3. Internal combustion engine with twin cylinders (Fig. 3) according to the first independent claim for the method and the second independent claim yCTpWO 2021/035316, characterized in that the twin cylinder internal combustion engine consists of two pairs of twin cylinders arranged in one row, as the first pair / primary cylinder (1) and the secondary cylinder (2) / and the second pair / primary cylinder (4) and the secondary cylinder (3) /, and the operating order of the cylinders is 1, 3, 4 and 2.

4. The twin-cylinder internal combustion engine (FIG. 4) according to the first independent method claim and the second independent device claim, characterized in that the twin-cylinder internal combustion engine consists of two pairs of twin cylinders arranged opposite each other / boxer /, and the first pair consists of a primary cylinder (1) and a secondary cylinder (2), and the second pair consists of a primary cylinder (4) and a secondary cylinder (3), with the lower connecting rod heads of the cylinder (1) and the cylinder (3) setting on one crankshaft connecting rod neck, and the lower connecting rod heads of the cylinder (2) and cylinder (4) are installed on the other connecting rod neck, which is 180 from the first, and the order of operation of the cylinders is 1, 3, 4 and 2.

5. An internal combustion engine with twin cylinders (Fig. 5) according to the first independent claim for the method and the second independent claim for the device, characterized in that the internal combustion engine with twin cylinders consists of four pairs of twin cylinders arranged in opposite pairs, one row consists of a first pair / primary cylinder (1) and a secondary cylinder (2) 1, a second pair / primary cylinder (4) and a secondary cylinder (3) /, and the opposed row consists of a first pair / primary cylinder (5) and a secondary cylinder {6) 1, a second pair / primary cylinder (8) and secondary cylinder (7) /, with the lower connecting rod heads installed on four connecting rod journals, two lower heads per connecting rod neck, namely: 1 and 5 on the first connecting rod journal, 2 and 6 on the second connecting rod neck, 3 and 7 on the third connecting rod neck and 4 and 8 on the fourth connecting rod neck, and the cylinder order is / 1; 7 /, / 3; 8 /, / 4; 6 / and / 2; five /.