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WO2021017192A1 - 无刷电机及电器设备 - Google Patents

无刷电机及电器设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017192A1
WO2021017192A1 PCT/CN2019/111667 CN2019111667W WO2021017192A1 WO 2021017192 A1 WO2021017192 A1 WO 2021017192A1 CN 2019111667 W CN2019111667 W CN 2019111667W WO 2021017192 A1 WO2021017192 A1 WO 2021017192A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive
brushless motor
bearing
casing
stator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/111667
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李国雄
黄成栋
胡建
吕继方
钟贵烈
曾路强
Original Assignee
广东威灵电机制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东威灵电机制造有限公司 filed Critical 广东威灵电机制造有限公司
Publication of WO2021017192A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017192A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/161—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of motors, and more specifically, relates to a brushless motor and electrical equipment using the brushless motor.
  • the shaft voltage reaches the insulation breakdown voltage of the lubricating oil film inside the bearing, it will discharge and generate current, which will cause partial melting of the inner surface of the bearing and the balls.
  • Corrosion phenomenon that is, electric corrosion (also called electric corrosion) occurs inside the bearing.
  • wave-shaped wear will occur inside the bearing, such as the inner ring, outer ring or balls of the bearing, causing abnormal noise and shortening the life of the bearing.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a brushless motor to solve the problem in the related art that the shaft voltage of the brushless motor is too high, which causes electric corrosion of the bearing.
  • a brushless motor which includes a housing with insulating properties, a stator fixed in the housing, and a rotor rotatably placed in the stator,
  • the stator includes a stator iron core and windings wound on the stator iron core.
  • the rotor includes a rotor core and a rotating shaft penetrating the center of the rotor core. Bearings are sleeved, bearing brackets for fixing two bearings are respectively installed at both ends of the casing, and conductive sheets are arranged on the outer surface of at least one of the bearing brackets.
  • a dielectric layer is arranged between the bearing brackets, and the conductive sheet is electrically connected with the stator core.
  • Another objective of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electrical device including the brushless motor as described above.
  • conductive sheets are arranged on the outer surface of the bearing bracket at intervals, and a dielectric layer is arranged between the conductive sheets and the corresponding bearing bracket, so that a capacitance is formed between the conductive sheets and the bearing bracket, and the conductive sheets and the stator
  • the iron core is electrically connected, which is equivalent to connecting a capacitor in series between the bearing bracket and the stator iron core, thereby adjusting the capacitive reactance between the bearing bracket and the stator iron core to balance and adjust the potential between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing to reduce
  • the potential difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing reduces the shaft voltage and avoids galvanic corrosion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brushless motor of FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator core in the brushless motor of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the conductive pin in Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a third brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fourth brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fifth brushless motor according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brushless motor of FIG. 8;
  • Fig. 10 is a partial exploded structural diagram of the brushless motor of Fig. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a sixth brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brushless motor of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a seventh brushless motor according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brushless motor of FIG. 13.
  • 15 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an eighth brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brushless motor of FIG. 15.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a ninth brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a tenth brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the brushless motor of FIG. 18.
  • 20 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an eleventh brushless motor provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise clearly specified and limited.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • Connected or integrally connected it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise clearly specified and limited.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • Connected or integrally connected it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components.
  • the brushless motor 100 includes a casing 11, a stator 12, a rotor 13, two bearings 14 and two bearing brackets 15. Both the stator 12 and the rotor 13 are installed in the casing 11, and the stator 12 is used to drive the rotor 13 to rotate.
  • Two bearings 14 are installed on the rotor 13 to support the rotor 13.
  • the two bearing brackets 15 respectively support the two bearings 14 and then the rotor 13; at the same time, the two bearing brackets 15 are installed on the machine respectively.
  • Both ends of the casing 11 are used to support the rotor 13 in the casing 11 so that the rotor 13 can rotate flexibly.
  • the use of the bearing bracket 15 to support the bearing 14 can more stably support the bearing 14 and ensure that the bearing 14 rotates well.
  • the casing 11 has insulating properties and plays a major role of support and protection.
  • the casing 11 can be injection-molded using resin materials to facilitate processing and manufacture, and can have a good insulation effect. At the same time, the casing 11 can also dissipate heat. Of course, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, some heat dissipation fins may be provided on the casing 11.
  • the stator 12 includes a stator core 121 and a winding 122.
  • the winding 122 is wound on the stator core 121.
  • the stator core 121 is formed by stacking several silicon steel sheets to reduce eddy currents.
  • the stator core 121 generally includes a plurality of tooth-like structures, and a winding 122 is wound on each tooth. These tooth-like structures surround a ring, so that the rotor 13 can be placed in the stator 12 to drive the rotor 13 to rotate.
  • an insulating skeleton 123 can be provided to support the winding 122, and the insulating skeleton 123 is fixed on the stator On the core 121.
  • the lead end of the winding 122 may be fixed on the insulating frame 123 to facilitate the connection with the driving circuit.
  • the insulating frame 123 has an inner arm 1231 and an outer arm 1232.
  • the inner arm 1231 is located at the inner side of the positioning iron core
  • the outer arm 1232 is located at the stator iron core 121. The outside position.
  • the inner arm 1231 and the outer arm 1232 are provided to prevent the winding 122 from falling off when the winding 122 is wound.
  • the stator core 121 and the winding 122 can be supported.
  • the rotor 13 includes a rotating shaft 131 and a rotor core 132.
  • the rotating shaft 131 passes through the center of the rotor core 132 to support the rotor core 132 through the rotating shaft 131.
  • the rotor core 132 is placed in the stator 12 so that when the winding 122 is energized, the stator iron An alternating magnetic field is generated on the core 121 to drive the rotor core 132 to rotate and drive the rotating shaft 131 to rotate.
  • the rotor core 132 may adopt a combined structure of the iron core of the rotor 13 and the magnet, or may be formed by casting a silicon steel sheet into aluminum after being punched out of a squirrel cage shape by stacking.
  • Both bearings 14 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 131, and the two bearings 14 are respectively located at two ends of the rotor core 132. Since the weight of the rotor 13 is mostly concentrated at the position of the rotor core 132, the center of gravity of the rotor 13 is also at the position corresponding to the rotor core 132, so that the two bearings 14 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the rotor core 132, which can better support The rotating shaft 131 is held to support the rotor core 132 so that the rotor core 132 and the rotating shaft 131 can rotate more smoothly. The two bearings 14 are provided to support the rotating shaft 131 so that the rotating shaft 131 can rotate more flexibly.
  • the two bearings 14 are respectively placed in the two bearing brackets 15 so as to support the corresponding bearings 14 through the two bearing brackets 15 and thereby support the rotor 13.
  • the two bearing brackets 15 are respectively installed at the two ends of the casing 11 to support the rotor 13 in the casing 11 and enable the rotor 13 to rotate flexibly in the casing 11, and the stator core 121 and each bearing support
  • the frame 15 is insulated.
  • the bearing bracket 15 can support the bearing 14 more stably, ensure the smooth rotation between the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing 14, and can reduce vibration, avoid the creep of the bearing 14, and make the outer ring of the bearing 14 and the bearing support
  • the frame 15 is electrically connected.
  • the “electrical connection” refers to the ability to conduct electricity, and is not limited to the fact that there must be current flowing between the two at any time.
  • it can be a metal bearing bracket 15 and a metal bearing 14 The contact state between the outer rings.
  • the stator 12 and the casing 11 are plastic-sealed into an integral structure, so that the stator 12 is firmly and stably fixed in the casing 11, and the casing 11 can be made relatively small.
  • the volume and weight of the brushless motor 100 produced are reduced.
  • the stator 12 can be placed in a mold, so that when the casing 11 is injection-molded, the casing 11 and the stator 12 form an integrated structure.
  • the casing 11 can also be manufactured separately, and then the stator 12 is fixed in the casing 11.
  • the brushless motor 100 further includes a conductive sheet 21, and the conductive sheet 21 is used to coordinately adjust the capacitive reactance between the stator core 121 and the bearing bracket 15.
  • the outer surface of at least one bearing bracket 15 is provided with conductive sheets 21 at intervals, and a dielectric layer 22 is provided between the conductive sheet 21 and the corresponding bearing bracket 15, so that the bearing bracket 15 and the conductive sheet 21 form a capacitor;
  • the conductive sheet 21 is electrically connected to the stator core 121, which is equivalent to connecting a capacitor in series between the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121.
  • the dielectric layer 22 may be an insulating layer made of a dielectric material.
  • a conductive pin 24 is provided in the housing 11, one end of the conductive pin 24 is electrically connected to the stator core 121, the other end of the conductive pin 24 is connected to the conductive arm 23, and the conductive arm 23 is electrically connected to the conductive sheet 21, thereby connecting
  • the conductive sheet 21 is electrically connected to the stator core 121, and this structure facilitates the electrical connection of the conductive sheet 21 and the stator core 121.
  • the conductive arm 23 may be a conductive tape, a conductive wire, a conductive sheet 21 or a conductive paper with conductive characteristics.
  • the conductive pin 24 may be a metal pin structure, a metal rod-shaped structure, or a metal strip-shaped structure.
  • wires can also be drawn from the casing 11 to be electrically connected to the conductive sheet 21.
  • the connection end electrically connected to the stator core 121 can also be drawn out, and a wire is used to connect the connection end to the conductive sheet 21 Electrical connection.
  • the two bearing brackets 15 are the first bracket 151 and the second bracket 152, respectively, and the first bracket 151 and the second bracket 152 are respectively located in the casing 11
  • the first bracket 151 is used as the end cover of the casing 11, and the second bracket 152 and the casing 11 are plastic-sealed into an integral structure, that is, when the casing 11 is made by injection molding, the second bracket 152 is placed in a mold.
  • the second bracket 152 and the casing 11 can be injection molded into one body to ensure that the second bracket 152 is firmly fixed in the casing 11, which facilitates processing and reduces weight ,cut costs.
  • the first bracket 151 is used as the end cover of the casing 11, and the entire end cover can be made of metal, or only the part supporting the bearing 14 can be made of metal to prevent the bearing 14 from creeping and ensure the bearing 14 to rotate stably.
  • the second bracket 152 may only be a part supporting the bearing 14, so that during injection molding, it is convenient to mold the second bracket 152 and the casing 11 into an integral structure.
  • the conductive sheet 21 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the second bracket 152, and the casing 11 extends to the outer peripheral surface of the second bracket 152 and forms the dielectric layer 22.
  • This structure facilitates the arrangement of the conductive sheet 21.
  • a dielectric layer 22 may be separately provided on the second bracket 152, and then a conductive sheet 21 may be provided on the dielectric layer 22.
  • both ends of the casing 11 may be provided in an open structure, and the two bearing brackets 15 may be used as two end cover structures.
  • a fan and other structures can be installed in one end of the casing 11 to better dissipate heat.
  • this structure is more practical for motors that require output at both ends of the rotating shaft 131.
  • both ends of the casing 11 are set as open structures, and the two bearing brackets 15 are used as end covers, the strength of the brushless motor 100 can be increased through the bearing bracket 15 and the bearing bracket 15 can also be used. Perform heat dissipation to improve heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the conductive arm 23 is attached to the conductive sheet 21. Specifically, one end of the conductive arm 23 is attached to the outer surface of the conductive sheet 21.
  • the conductive arm 23 may also be a part of the conductive sheet 21, that is, the conductive arm 23 extends from one side of the conductive sheet 21, that is, the conductive arm 23 and the conductive sheet 21 are integrated
  • the conductive arm 23 is formed by extending the sides of the conductive sheet 21, so that the conductive sheet 21 and the conductive arm 23 can be arranged more conveniently.
  • the conductive sheet 21 is attached to the outer surface of the conductive arm 23 to connect the conductive sheet 21 and the conductive arm 23 in a bonding manner.
  • the conductive pin 24 is fixed on the insulating frame 123 to facilitate the installation and fixation of the conductive pin 24 and also to facilitate the connection between the conductive pin 24 and the conductive arm 23.
  • this structure can conveniently support and fix the conductive pins 24 when the stator 12 and the casing 11 are injection molded into an integral structure.
  • the conductive pin 24 is fixed on the inner arm 1231 of the insulating frame 123, and the conductive pin 24 is arranged along the axial direction of the stator core 121 to facilitate fixing the conductive pin 24 and to connect the conductive pin 24 with the conductive
  • the arm 23 is electrically connected.
  • the other end of the conductive pin 24 is provided with a sealing ring 241 in the circumferential direction, that is, the end of the conductive pin 24 far away from the stator core 121 is provided with a sealing ring 241 to facilitate the connection between the stator 12 and the casing 11. Sealing material during injection molding.
  • the other end of the conductive pin 24 extends to the outer surface of the casing 11, that is, the end of the conductive pin 24 away from the stator core 121 extends to the outer surface of the casing 11, so as to facilitate the bonding connection with the conductive arm 23 .
  • the other end of the conductive pin 24 extends to the end surface of the casing 11.
  • the conductive pin 24 is fixed on the outer arm 1232 of the insulating frame 123, and the conductive pin 24 is arranged along the axial direction of the stator core 121 to facilitate the fixing of the conductive pin 24 and the The conductive pin 24 is electrically connected to the conductive arm 23.
  • the conductive pin 24 is fixed on the outer arm 1232 of the insulating frame 123, and the conductive pin 24 is arranged along the radial direction of the stator core 121, so that the conductive pin 24 is away from one end of the stator core 121 It extends to the outer circumferential surface of the casing 11, and the conductive arm 23 extends to the outer circumferential surface of the casing 11 to be electrically connected to the conductive pin 24.
  • the conductive pin 24 can be directly fixed in the casing 11.
  • the conductive pin 24 may be integrally injection molded with the casing 11 and the stator 12; alternatively, an opening connected to the stator core 121 is provided on the casing 11, and the conductive pin 24 is installed in the opening and connected with The stator core 121 is connected.
  • a conductive cap 25 is installed at the other end of the conductive pin 24, a positioning groove 112 is correspondingly provided on the casing 11, and the conductive cap 25 is installed in the positioning groove 112.
  • the conductive arm 23 may use a metal strip, a metal wire, or a metal belt.
  • the conductive arm 23 may also be a structure such as a conductive coating.
  • the conductive arm 23 is a metal sheet separately provided on the casing 11 to facilitate installation and fixation, and to ensure good strength of the conductive arm 23. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the conductive arm 23 may be electrically connected to the corresponding bearing bracket 15 by bonding, riveting, abutting, welding, or the like.
  • the housing 11 is provided with a mounting slot, and the conductive sheet 21 is placed in the mounting slot to facilitate the mounting and fixing of the conductive arm 23.
  • the conductive sheet 21 has a ring shape and surrounds the outer peripheral side of the second bracket 152. In some other embodiments, the conductive sheet 21 may also have an arc shape. Specifically, the size and size of the conductive sheet 21 can be adjusted according to needs.
  • the two bearing brackets 15 are electrically connected, so that the potentials of the two bearing brackets 15 are kept the same, and the potentials of the outer rings of the two bearings 14 are kept the same.
  • the first bracket 151 and the second bracket 152 are electrically connected, so that the electric potential of the first bracket 151 and the second bracket 152 are consistent.
  • the conductive sheet 21 can adjust the capacitive reactance between the two bearing brackets 15 and the stator core 121 at the same time, and the adjustment is more convenient.
  • the potential difference between the inner and outer rings of the two bearings 14 is also different, and only one of the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121 is adjusted.
  • the conductive member 26 may be provided in the casing 11 to electrically connect the two bearing brackets 15.
  • the conductive member 26 can also be attached from the outside of the casing 11 to electrically connect the two bearing brackets 15, and the conductive member 26 avoids the conductive sheet 21.
  • the conductive member 26 may be an elongated metal sheet, metal wire, conductive tape, or the like.
  • the capacitance value between the conductive sheet 21 and the corresponding bearing bracket 15 is between 10-100 PF to ensure a good adjustment of the capacitive reactance between the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121 , And further adjust the potential difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14 well. If the capacitance between the conductive sheet 21 and the corresponding bearing bracket 15 is less than 10PF, the effect of adjusting the potential difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14 is weak. When the capacitance between the conductive sheet 21 and the corresponding bearing bracket 15 is greater than 100PF, the potential difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14 will be greater. That is, the potential difference between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14 is still relatively large. Big.
  • the conductive sheet 21 is conductive paper, so as to be conveniently attached to the casing 11, and at the same time, it is convenient to cut the size of the conductive sheet 21.
  • the conductive sheet 21 can also be a metal foil, for example, copper foil, aluminum foil, etc. can be used.
  • one side of the conductive sheet 21 is an adhesive surface with conductivity, so that the conductive sheet 21 can be conveniently pasted on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11 for convenient use.
  • the other side of the conductive sheet 21 is an insulating surface with insulating properties, which can reduce the influence of external devices on the conductive sheet 21, so that the conductive sheet 21 can more stably adjust the capacitive reactance between the stator core 121 and the bearing bracket 15.
  • the conductive sheet 21 may also be a conductive coating, and a conductive coating is provided on the dielectric layer 22 to form the conductive sheet 21 to ensure that the conductive sheet 21 is firmly fixed on the dielectric layer 22 on.
  • the conductive coating can be made of conductive glue, conductive paste and other materials.
  • the conductive coating can be provided on the dielectric layer 22 by spraying, coating or printing, which facilitates the setting of the conductive coating.
  • the conductive sheet 21 and the conductive arm 23 are an integral structure, the conductive sheet 21 is disposed on the dielectric layer 22 by spraying, coating or printing.
  • a groove 111 may be provided on the casing 11, and the groove 111 exposes the stator core 121, so that the conductive arm 23 extends into the groove 111 and conducts electricity.
  • the arm 23 is connected to the stator core 121 to electrically connect the conductive sheet 21 and the stator core 121.
  • the above-mentioned groove 111 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11.
  • the conductive arm 23 is extended to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11 and is electrically connected to the stator core 121.
  • a groove 111 may be provided on the end surface of the casing 11, and the conductive arm 23 is electrically connected to the stator core 121 through the groove 111.
  • an opening extending to the stator core 121 may be provided on the casing 11, and conductive curing glue can be filled in the opening, and then the conductive arm 23 can be connected with the curing glue to connect
  • the conductive sheet 21 is electrically connected to the stator core 121.
  • the peripheral side of a bearing bracket 15 extends to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11, and a conductive sheet 21 and a dielectric layer 22 are provided on the peripheral side of the bearing bracket 15 at intervals. , To adjust the capacitive reactance between the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121.
  • a conductive sheet 21 and a dielectric layer 22 are respectively provided on the two bearing brackets 15 so that the conductive sheet 21 and the dielectric layer 22 on each bearing bracket 15 are used To adjust the capacitive reactance between the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121, and then adjust the potential difference between the inner and outer rings of each bearing 14 to reduce the shaft voltage and prevent the bearing 14 from electrolytic corrosion.
  • the two bearing brackets 15 can also be electrically connected, so that the capacitance of any one of the bearing brackets 15 and the conductive sheet 21 can be adjusted, and the two bearing brackets 15 and the stator core 121 can be adjusted.
  • the capacitive reactance between the two bearing brackets 15 and the stator core 121 can better adjust the capacitive reactance between the two bearing brackets 15 and the stator core 121, and then the potential difference between the inner and outer rings of each bearing 14 , To reduce the shaft voltage.
  • the peripheral sides of the two bearing brackets 15 extend to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11, and the peripheral sides of each bearing bracket 15 are provided with conductive sheets 21 and dielectric layers 22 at intervals. In order to adjust the capacitive reactance between the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121.
  • the circumferential side of a bearing bracket 15 extends to the outer circumferential surface of the casing 11, and the circumferential side of the bearing bracket 15 is provided with conductive sheets 21 and dielectric layers 22 at intervals , And the conductive sheet 21 and the dielectric layer 22 extend to the outer surface of the bearing bracket 15 so that the capacitive reactance between the bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121 can be better adjusted.
  • the circumferential sides of the two bearing brackets 15 extend to the outer circumferential surface of the casing 11, and the circumferential sides of each bearing bracket 15 are respectively provided with conductive sheets 21 and dielectric layers 22 at intervals.
  • each conductive sheet 21 and the corresponding dielectric layer 22 extend to the outer side surface of the corresponding bearing bracket 15, so that the capacitive reactance between each bearing bracket 15 and the stator core 121 can be better adjusted.
  • the brushless motor 100 of the embodiment of the present application can effectively balance the potential of the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14, reduce the voltage between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14, avoid galvanic corrosion between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing 14, and ensure The brushless motor 100 works well and smoothly, reduces noise and vibration, and prolongs its service life.
  • the brushless motor 100 of the embodiment of the present application may be applied to electrical appliances such as air conditioners, washing machines, microwave ovens, refrigerators, etc.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electrical device, which includes the brushless motor 100 described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the use of the brushless motor 100 in the electrical equipment can ensure a good lifespan of the brushless motor 100.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

一种无刷电机(100)及电器设备，该无刷电机(100)通过在轴承托架(15)的外表面上间隔设置导电片(21)，并在导电片(21)与相应轴承托架(15)之间设置介电层(22)，使导电片(21)与轴承托架(15)间形成电容，而导电片(21)与定子铁芯(121)电连接，相当于在该轴承托架(15)与定子铁芯(121)之间串联电容，进而调节该轴承托架(15)与定子铁芯(121)间的容抗，以平衡调节轴承(14)内圈与外圈间的电位，降低轴承(14)内圈与外圈间的电位差，降低轴电压，避免电蚀。

Description

无刷电机及电器设备
本申请要求于2019年7月26日在中华人民共和国专利局提交的、申请号为201910684726.4、发明名称为“无刷电机及电器设备”的中华人民共和国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电机领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种无刷电机及使用该无刷电机的电器设备。
 背景技术
这里的陈述仅提供与本申请有关的背景信息，而不必然构成现有技术。近年来，由于空调机组节能的趋势，用高效率的无刷直流电机代替感应电机来驱动风机。这些无刷直流电机一般是采用逆变器驱动，其采用脉宽调制(Pulse Width Modulation)法（下文中称之为PWM）作为驱动方法。在使用PWM驱动方法时，由于绕组的中性点电位不为零，而会产生共模电压；在高频情况下，电机的各结构之间会产生耦合电容，则这种共模电压会通过定子、转子、永磁体、轴承托架等各部分之间耦合电容以及轴承电容形成回路，这就会在轴承的内外圈之间（轴承电容支路）上产生电压。这种因共模电压在轴承的内外圈之间产生的电压称之为轴电压。轴电压含有PWM驱动时半导体高速开关动作的高频成分，如轴电压达到轴承内部润滑油膜的绝缘击穿电压，就会随之放电而产生电流，这样就会使轴承内表面和滚珠发生局部熔蚀现象，即轴承内部发生电腐蚀（也称电蚀）。当电腐蚀加重时，在轴承内部，如轴承内圈、外圈或滚珠上产生波形磨损现象，造成异常噪音和轴承寿命下降。
 技术问题
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种无刷电机，以解决相关技术中存在的无刷电机的轴电压过高而导致轴承产生电蚀的问题。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：提供一种无刷电机，包括具有绝缘特性的机壳、固定于所述机壳中的定子和转动置于所述定子中的转子，所述定子包括定子铁芯和绕制于所述定子铁芯上的绕组，所述转子包括转子芯和贯穿所述转子芯中心的转轴，所述转轴上于所述转子芯两端对应位置分别套装有轴承，所述机壳的两端分别安装有固定两个所述轴承的轴承托架，至少一个所述轴承托架的外表面上间隔设置有导电片，所述导电片与相应所述轴承托架之间设有介电层，所述导电片与所述定子铁芯电性相连。
本申请实施例的另一目的在于提供一种电器设备，包括如上所述的无刷电机。
 有益效果
本申请实施例中的上述一个或多个技术方案，至少具有如下技术效果之一：
该无刷电机通过在轴承托架的外表面上间隔设置导电片，并在导电片与相应轴承托架之间设置介电层，使导电片与轴承托架间形成电容，而导电片与定子铁芯电连接，相当于在该轴承托架与定子铁芯之间串联电容，进而调节该轴承托架与定子铁芯间的容抗，以平衡调节轴承内圈与外圈间的电位，降低轴承内圈与外圈间的电位差，降低轴电压，避免电蚀。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或示范性技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的第一种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图；
图2为图1的无刷电机的立体结构示意图；
图3为图1的无刷电机中定子铁芯的结构示意图；
图4为图3中导电销的结构示意图。
图5为本申请实施例提供的第二种无刷电机的立体结构示意图。
图6为本申请实施例提供的第三种无刷电机的立体结构示意图。
图7为本申请实施例提供的第四种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图。
图8为本申请实施例提供的第五种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图；
图9为图8的无刷电机的立体结构示意图；
图10为图9的无刷电机的部分分解结构示意图。
图11为本申请实施例提供的第六种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图；
图12为图11的无刷电机的立体结构示意图。
图13为本申请实施例提供的第七种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图；
图14为图13的无刷电机的立体结构示意图。
图15为本申请实施例提供的第八种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图；
图16为图15的无刷电机的立体结构示意图。
图17为本申请实施例提供的第九种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图。
图18为本申请实施例提供的第十种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图；
图19为图18的无刷电机的立体结构示意图。
图20为本申请实施例提供的第十一种无刷电机的剖视结构示意图。
其中，图中各附图主要标记：
100-无刷电机；11-机壳；111-凹槽；112-定位槽；12-定子；121-定子铁芯；122-绕组；123-绝缘骨架；1231-内侧臂；1232-外侧臂；13-转子；131-转轴；132-转子芯；14-轴承；15-轴承托架；151-第一托架；152-第二托架；21-导电片；22-介电层；23-导电臂；24-导电销；241-封料环；25-导电帽；26-导电件。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本申请所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。“若干”的含义是一个或一个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
请参阅图1和图2，现对本申请提供的无刷电机100进行说明。所述无刷电机100，包括机壳11、定子12、转子13、两个轴承14和两个轴承托架15。定子12和转子13均安装在机壳11中，定子12用于驱动转子13转动。两个轴承14安装在转子13上，以起到支撑转子13的作用，两个轴承托架15分别支撑两个轴承14，进而支撑住转子13；同时，两个轴承托架15分别安装在机壳11的两端，以将转子13支撑在机壳11中，以便转子13可以灵活转动。而使用轴承托架15来支撑住轴承14，可以更为稳固支撑轴承14，保证轴承14良好转动。
机壳11具有绝缘特性，起主要的支撑与保护作用。机壳11可以使用树脂材料进行注塑成型，以方便加工制作，并且可以起到良好的绝缘效果，同时，机壳11还可以进行散热。当然为了提高散热效率，机壳11上可以设置一些散热翅片。
定子12包括定子铁芯121和绕组122，绕组122绕制在定子铁芯121上，当绕组122上流过电流时，会产生磁场，并经定子铁芯121进行增强与引导。定子铁芯121由若干矽钢片层叠而成，以减小涡流。定子铁芯121一般包括若干齿状结构，绕组122绕制在各齿上。这些齿状结构围成环形，从而可以将转子13置于定子12中，以驱动转子13转动。
请参阅图3，为了将绕组122与定子铁芯121牢固连接，并方便将绕组122安装在定子铁芯121的齿上，可以设置绝缘骨架123，以支撑绕组122，而绝缘骨架123固定在定子铁芯121上。当然，为了便于驱动电路与绕组122的连接，可以将绕组122的引线端固定在绝缘骨架123上，以方便与驱动电路相连。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，绝缘骨架123具有内侧臂1231和外侧臂1232，沿定子铁芯121的径向，内侧臂1231位于定位铁芯内侧的位置，而外侧臂1232位于定子铁芯121外侧的位置。设置内侧臂1231和外侧臂1232，在绕制绕组122时，可以防止绕组122脱落。另外，在安装在机壳11中，或将定子12与机壳11注塑成一体时，可以支撑定子铁芯121与绕组122。
转子13包括转轴131和转子芯132，转轴131穿过转子芯132的中心，以通过转轴131来支撑住转子芯132，而转子芯132置于定子12中，从而当绕组122通电，在定子铁芯121上产生交变磁场，以驱动转子芯132转动，并带动转轴131转动。进一步地，转子芯132可以采用转子13铁芯与磁铁的组合结构，也可以矽钢片经冲床冲出鼠笼形状叠装后铸入铝加工而成。
两个轴承14均套装在转轴131上，并且两个轴承14分别位于转子芯132的两端。由于转子13的重量大多集中在转子芯132的位置，则转子13的重心也在转子芯132对应的位置处，这样将两个轴承14分别设于转子芯132的两端，可以更好的支撑住转轴131，进而支撑转子芯132，并使转子芯132及转轴131可以更为平稳转动。而设置两个轴承14来支撑转轴131，可以使转轴131更为灵活转动。
两个轴承14分别置于两个轴承托架15中，以通过两个轴承托架15来支撑住相应的轴承14，进而支撑住转子13。而两个轴承托架15分别安装在机壳11的两端，以将转子13支撑在机壳11中，并使得转子13可以在机壳11中灵活转动，并且定子铁芯121与各轴承托架15绝缘设置。使用轴承托架15，可以更稳定地支撑住轴承14，保证轴承14的外圈与内圈间平稳转动，而且可以减小振动，避免轴承14发生蠕变，并且使轴承14外圈与轴承托架15电连接，所述的“电连接”是指能够实现导电，而并不限制为二者之间在任意时刻一定有电流通过，例如其可以是金属的轴承托架15与金属的轴承14外圈之间的接触状态。
请参阅图1和图2，在一个实施例中，定子12与机壳11是塑封成一体结构，以便定子12牢固稳定地固定在机壳11中，并且可以将机壳11制作相对较小，减小制作的无刷电机100的体积，减轻重量。如可以在注塑制作机壳11时，将定子12置于模具中，从而在注塑成型机壳11时，使机壳11与定子12形成一体结构。当然，在其它一些实施例中，也可以单独制作机壳11，再将定子12固定在机壳11中。
请参阅图1和图2，在一个实施例中，无刷电机100还包括导电片21，导电片21用于配合调节定子铁芯121与轴承托架15之间容抗。至少一个轴承托架15的外表面上间隔设置有导电片21，该导电片21与相应轴承托架15之间设有介电层22，从而使该轴承托架15与导电片21形成电容；而导电片21与定子铁芯121电连接，则相当于在该轴承托架15与定子铁芯121之间串联电容，而通过调节导电片21与相应轴承托架15之间电容量、可以起到调节定子铁芯121与轴承托架15之间容抗，也就是调节定子铁芯121与轴承14外圈之间的容抗。使定子铁芯121至轴承14内圈间的等效电容与定子铁芯121至轴承14外圈间的等效电容相近或相等，即平衡定子铁芯121至轴承14内圈间的等效电容与定子铁芯121至轴承14外圈间的等效电容，进而平衡轴承14外圈与轴承14内圈的电位，以使得轴承14外圈与轴承14内圈之电位相近，减小轴承14外圈与轴承14内圈之间电位差，以降低轴电压，避免轴承14产生电蚀。介电层22可以是介电材料制作的绝缘层。
进一步地，机壳11中设有导电销24，导电销24的一端与定子铁芯121电连接，导电销24的另一端连接导电臂23，而导电臂23与导电片21电连接，从而将导电片21与定子铁芯121电连接，该结构方便将导电片21与定子铁芯121电连接。具体地，导电臂23可以为具有导电特性的导电带、导电线、导电片21或导电纸等。导电销24可以为金属插针结构、金属杆状结构或金属带状结构等。
在其它一些实施例中，也可以在机壳11中引出导线，以与导电片21电连接。还有一些实施例中，在制作定子铁芯121及机壳11时，在引出绕组122连接的同时，也可以引出与定子铁芯121电连接的连接端，而使用导线将连接端与导电片21电连接。
请参阅图1至图4，在一个实施例中，两个轴承托架15分别为第一托架151和第二托架152，第一托架151和第二托架152分别位于机壳11的两端，其中第一托架151作为机壳11的端盖使用，而第二托架152与机壳11是塑封成一体结构，即在注塑制作机壳11时，可以将第二托架152置于模具中，在注塑成型机壳11时，可以将第二托架152与机壳11注塑成一体，以保证第二托架152牢固固定在机壳11中，方便加工制作，减轻重量，降低成本。第一托架151而作为机壳11的端盖，可以将整个端盖使用金属制作，也可以仅支撑轴承14的部分使用金属，以防轴承14蠕变，保证轴承14稳定转动。第二托架152可以仅为支撑轴承14的部分，从而在注塑时，方便将第二托架152与机壳11注塑成一体结构。
在上述实施例中，第二托架152的外周侧设有导电片21，机壳11延伸至第二托架152的外周面并形成介电层22，该结构方便导电片21的设置。当然，在一些实施例中，当第二托架152露出机壳11时，也可以在第二托架152上单独设置介电层22，再在介电层22上设置导电片21。
请参阅图20，在一个实施例中，机壳11的两端可以均设置呈开口结构，而两个轴承托架15可以作为两个端盖结构。这样，可以在机壳11的一端中安装风扇等结构，以更好的进行散热。当然，这种结构，对于一些转轴131两端均进行需要输出的电机，更具有实用意义。另外，将机壳11两端均设为开口结构，而两个轴承托架15作为端盖，可以通过轴承托架15增加无刷电机100整机的强度，另外，还可以通过轴承托架15进行散热，以提高散热效率。
请参阅图1和图2，在一个实施例中，导电臂23与导电片21贴合相连，具体地，导电臂23的一端贴合于导电片21的外表面上。
请参阅图5，在一个实施例中，导电臂23也可以为导电片21的一部分，即通过导电片21的一侧延伸出导电臂23，也就是说，导电臂23与导电片21是一体结构，导电臂23由导电片21的侧边延伸而成，这样可以更为方便设置导电片21与导电臂23。
请参阅图6，在一个实施例中，导电片21贴合于导电臂23的外表面上，以将导电片21与导电臂23贴合相连。
请参阅图1至图4，在一个实施例中，导电销24固定在绝缘骨架123上，以方便安装固定导电销24，也便于导电销24与导电臂23之间的连接。另外，该结构在将定子12与机壳11注塑成一体结构时，可以方便支撑与固定导电销24。
在上述实施例中，导电销24固定于绝缘骨架123的内侧臂1231上，并且导电销24沿定子铁芯121的轴向设置，以方便固定住导电销24，也便于将导电销24与导电臂23电连接。
在上述实施例中，导电销24的另一端的周向凸设有封料环241，即导电销24远离定子铁芯121的一端设有封料环241，以方便在定子12与机壳11注塑成型时的封料。
在上述实施例中，导电销24的另一端延伸至机壳11的外表面，即导电销24远离定子铁芯121的一端延伸至机壳11的外表面，以方便与导电臂23贴合相连。具体地，本实施例中，导电销24的另一端延伸至机壳11的端面上。
请参阅图7，在一个实施例中，导电销24固定于绝缘骨架123的外侧臂1232上，并且导电销24沿定子铁芯121的轴向设置，以方便固定住导电销24，也便于将导电销24与导电臂23电连接。
请参阅图17，在一个实施例中，导电销24固定于绝缘骨架123的外侧臂1232上，并且导电销24沿定子铁芯121的径向设置，从而导电销24远离定子铁芯121的一端延伸至机壳11的外周面，而导电臂23延伸到机壳11的外周面上，以与导电销24电连接。当然，还有一些实施例中，可以直接将导电销24固定于机壳11中。具体地，导电销24可以是与机壳11、定子12一体注塑成型；或者，在机壳11上设置连通至定子铁芯121的开孔，而将导电销24安装在开孔中，并与定子铁芯121相连接。
请参阅图8至图10，在一个实施例中，导电销24的另一端安装有导电帽25，机壳11上对应开设有定位槽112，导电帽25安装于定位槽112中。从而方便将导电臂23与导电帽25电连接，进而将导电臂23与导电销24相连，以将导电片21与定子铁芯121电连接。
请参阅图10，在一个实施例中，导电臂23可以使用金属条、金属丝或金属带等。当然，一些实施例中，导电臂23还可以是导电涂层等结构。
在上述实施例中，导电臂23为单独设置在机壳11上的金属片，以方便安装固定，保证导电臂23良好的强度。进一步地，在上述实施例中，导电臂23可以通过粘接、铆接、抵接、焊接等方式与对应的轴承托架15电连接。
进一步地，在上述实施例中，机壳11上开设有安装槽，导电片21置于安装槽中，以方便安装与固定导电臂23。
在上述实施例中，导电片21呈环形，环绕第二托架152的外周侧。在其它一些实施例中，导电片21也可以呈弧形。具体地，可以根据需要来调节导电片21的尺寸与大小。
请参阅图8，在一个实施例中，两个轴承托架15电连接，从而将两个轴承托架15的电位保持一致，进而将两个轴承14外圈电位保持一致。如上述实施例中，第一托架151与第二托架152电连接，以使第一托架151与第二托架152电位保持一致。这样，导电片21可以同时调节两个轴承托架15与定子铁芯121之间的容抗，调节更为方便。当然，在一些实施例中，当两个轴承托架15的结构不同时，则两个轴承14内外圈间电位差也不相同，则也仅调节其中一个轴承托架15与定子铁芯121之间的容抗。
在上述实施例中，可以在机壳11中设置导电件26，以将两个轴承托架15电连接。当然，也可以从机壳11外部贴合导电件26，以将两个轴承托架15电连接，并且导电件26避开导电片21。具体地，导电件26可以为长条状的金属片、金属丝、导电带等。
请参阅图1和图2，在一个实施例中，导电片21与相应轴承托架15间电容值在10-100PF之间，以保证良好调节轴承托架15与定子铁芯121之间容抗，进而良好调节轴承14内圈与外圈之间的电位差。若上述导电片21与相应轴承托架15间电容值小于10PF，则对于调节轴承14内圈与外圈间电位差的效果较弱。而当上述导电片21与相应轴承托架15间电容值大于100PF时，会导到轴承14内圈与外圈的电位反向差别较大，即轴承14内圈与外圈则电位差还是较大。
在上述实施例中，导电片21为导电纸，以方便贴合在机壳11上，同时也方便裁剪导电片21的大小。当然，一些实施例中，导电片21也可以使用金属薄片，如可以使用铜箔、铝箔等。
请参阅图6，在一个实施例中，导电片21的一面为具有导电性的粘合面，这样可以方便将导电片21粘贴在机壳11的外周面上，方便使用。而导电片21的另一面为具有绝缘性的绝缘面，可以减小外部器件对导电片21的影响，使导电片21更稳定调节定子铁芯121与轴承托架15间容抗。
请参阅图5，在一个实施例中，导电片21也可以为导电涂层，在介电层22上设置导电涂层，以形成导电片21，以保证导电片21牢固固定在介电层22上。导电涂层可以使用导电胶水、导电浆等材料制作。更进一步地，导电涂层可以使用喷涂、涂覆或印刷的方式设于介电层22上，方便导电涂层的设置。另外，当导电片21与导电臂23是一体结构时，则导电片21是喷涂、涂覆或印刷的方式设于介电层22上。
请参阅图11和图12，在一个实施例中，可以在机壳11上开设凹槽111，而该凹槽111露出定子铁芯121，从而导电臂23伸入该凹槽111中，并且导电臂23与定子铁芯121相连，从而将导电片21与定子铁芯121电连接。
进一步地，在上述实施例中，上述凹槽111设于机壳11的外周面上。从而将导电臂23延伸到机壳11的外周面，并以与定子铁芯121电连接。在一些实施例中，可以在机壳11的端面开设凹槽111，而将导电臂23经该凹槽111与定子铁芯121电连接。当然，还有一些实施例中，可以机壳11上开设延伸至定子铁芯121的开孔，而在开孔中填充具有导电性的固化胶，再将导电臂23与固化胶相连，以将导电片21与定子铁芯121电连接。
请参阅图13和图14，在一个实施例中，一个轴承托架15的周侧面延伸至机壳11的外周面，轴承托架15的周侧面上间隔设置有导电片21与介电层22，以调节该轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗。
请参阅图15和图16，在一个实施例中，两个轴承托架15上分别设有导电片21与介电层22，从而各轴承托架15上的导电片21与介电层22用来调节该轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗，进而调节各轴承14内外圈间的电位差，以降低轴电压，避免轴承14产生电蚀。
当然，在其它一些实施例中，也可以将两个轴承托架15电连接，从而调节任意一个轴承托架15与导电片21的电容，均可以调节两个轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗，以便具有更大的调节面积来设置导电片21，以更好的调节两个轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗，进而调节各轴承14内外圈间的电位差，以降低轴电压。
请参阅图20，在一个实施例中，两个轴承托架15的周侧面延伸至机壳11的外周面，各轴承托架15的周侧面上间隔设置有导电片21与介电层22，以调节该轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗。
请参阅图18和图19，在一个实施例中，一个轴承托架15的周侧面延伸至机壳11的外周面，轴承托架15的周侧面上间隔设置有导电片21与介电层22，并且导电片21及介电层22延伸至轴承托架15的外侧面，从而可以更好的调节该轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗。当然，在其它一些实施例中，两个轴承托架15的周侧面均延伸至机壳11的外周面，各轴承托架15的周侧面上分别间隔设置有导电片21与介电层22，并且各导电片21及相应介电层22延伸至相应轴承托架15的外侧面，从而可以更好的调节各轴承托架15与定子铁芯121间的容抗。
本申请实施例的无刷电机100，可以有效平衡轴承14内圈与外圈之电位，减小轴承14内圈与外圈之间电压，避免轴承14内圈与外圈间发生电蚀，保证无刷电机100良好平稳地工作，减小噪音与振动，延长使用寿命。本申请实施例的无刷电机100可以应用在空调、洗衣机、微波炉、电冰箱等电器设备中。
本申请实施例还提供一种电器设备，该电器设备包括如上任意实施例所述的无刷电机100。该电器设备使用该无刷电机100，可以保证该无刷电机100良好的寿命。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 无刷电机，包括具有绝缘特性的机壳、固定于所述机壳中的定子和转动置于所述定子中的转子，所述定子包括定子铁芯和绕制于所述定子铁芯上的绕组，所述转子包括转子芯和贯穿所述转子芯中心的转轴，所述转轴上于所述转子芯两端对应位置分别套装有轴承，所述机壳的两端分别安装有固定两个所述轴承的轴承托架，其特征在于：至少一个所述轴承托架的外表面上间隔设置有导电片，所述导电片与相应所述轴承托架之间设有介电层，所述导电片与所述定子铁芯电性相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电片通过导电臂与所述定子铁芯电连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述机壳上开设有露出所述定子铁芯的凹槽，所述导电臂伸入所述凹槽中与所述定子铁芯相连。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述凹槽位于所述机壳的外周面上。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述机壳中设有导电销，所述导电销的一端与所述定子铁芯电连接，所述导电销的另一端与所述导电臂相连。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电销的另一端延伸至所述机壳的外表面，所述导电臂与所述导电销的另一端贴合相连。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电销的另一端安装有导电帽，所述机壳上对应开设有定位槽，所述导电帽安装于所述定位槽中。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述定子还包括支撑所述绕组的绝缘骨架，所述绝缘骨架安装于所述定子铁芯上，所述导电销固定于所述绝缘骨架上。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述绝缘骨架沿所述定子铁芯的径向具有内侧臂和外侧臂；所述导电销沿所述定子铁芯的轴向固定于所述内侧臂上，或者所述导电销沿所述定子铁芯的轴向固定于所述外侧臂上，或者所述导电销沿所述定子铁芯的径向固定于所述外侧臂上。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电臂由所述导电片延伸而成。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：两个所述轴承托架分别为第一托架和第二托架，所述第一托架盖于所述机壳上，所述第二托架与所述机壳塑封成一体结构，所述第二托架的外周侧设有所述导电片，所述机壳延伸至所述第二托架的外周面并形成所述介电层。
  12. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：至少一个所述轴承托架的周侧面延伸至所述机壳的外周面，所述轴承托架的周侧面上间隔设置有所述导电片与所述介电层。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电片及所述介电层延伸至所述轴承托架的外侧面。
  14. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：各所述轴承托架上分别设置有所述导电片及所述介电层。
  15. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述机壳中设有连接两个所述轴承托架的导电件。
  16. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电片的一面为具有导电性的粘合面，所述导电片的另一面为具有绝缘性的绝缘面。
  17. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电片为金属薄片或导电纸。
  18. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电片为导电涂层，所述导电涂层通过喷涂、涂覆或印刷的方式设于所述介电层上。
  19. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的无刷电机，其特征在于：所述导电片与相应所述轴承托架间电容值在10-100PF之间。
  20. 电器设备，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-19任一项所述的无刷电机。
PCT/CN2019/111667 2019-07-26 2019-10-17 无刷电机及电器设备 WO2021017192A1 (zh)

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