WO2021084003A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zum abscheiden kohlenstoffhaltiger strukturen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren zum abscheiden kohlenstoffhaltiger strukturen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021084003A1 WO2021084003A1 PCT/EP2020/080391 EP2020080391W WO2021084003A1 WO 2021084003 A1 WO2021084003 A1 WO 2021084003A1 EP 2020080391 W EP2020080391 W EP 2020080391W WO 2021084003 A1 WO2021084003 A1 WO 2021084003A1
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- gas
- opening
- substrate
- housing
- edge zone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/16—Preparation
- C01B32/164—Preparation involving continuous processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/182—Graphene
- C01B32/184—Preparation
- C01B32/186—Preparation by chemical vapour deposition [CVD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0227—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching
- C23C16/0236—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by cleaning or etching by etching with a reactive gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4401—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4409—Means for minimising impurities, e.g. dust, moisture or residual gas, in the reaction chamber characterised by sealing means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4412—Details relating to the exhausts, e.g. pumps, filters, scrubbers, particle traps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45557—Pulsed pressure or control pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/4557—Heated nozzles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/54—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
- C23C16/545—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating for coating elongated substrates
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for depositing carbon-containing structures on an end loss substrate conveyed through a housing, the housing having a central zone arranged between a first edge zone and a second edge zone, the substrate through a first opening associated with the first edge zone enters the housing, passes through the central zone in a conveying direction and exits the housing through a second opening assigned to the second edge zone, with a gas inlet for feeding a carbon-containing process gas into the housing, with a heating device for thermal activation of the process gas, with a to a gas disposal system, for example a gas outlet that can be connected to a pump for leading out the gas fed into the housing.
- a gas inlet for feeding a carbon-containing process gas into the housing
- a heating device for thermal activation of the process gas
- a to a gas disposal system for example a gas outlet that can be connected to a pump for leading out the gas fed into the housing.
- the invention also relates to a method for depositing carbonaceous structures on a continuous substrate fed through a housing, the substrate entering a housing through a first opening associated with a first edge zone, passing through a central zone of the housing in a conveying direction and exits the housing through a second opening assigned to a second edge zone of the housing, a carbon-containing process gas being fed into the housing by means of a gas inlet, which process gas is thermally acüviert with a heating device, the gas fed into the housing by means of a gas disposal system, for example a Pump is removed from the housing through a gas outlet.
- a gas inlet which process gas is thermally acüviert with a heating device
- a gas disposal system for example a Pump
- DE 102018110348 and KR 101760653 describe a device and a method for depositing carbon nano-structures.
- a CVD reactor with several growth zones for coating an endless substrate is described in US 20130071565.
- the device has a housing which has openings on two opposite housing sides.
- An endless substrate which is to be coated with the carbon structures, enters a housing cavity in which a process chamber is located through a first opening.
- the endless substrate emerges from the housing again on the opposite side. It is unwound from a first reel and wound onto a second reel.
- a carbon-containing process gas is brought to such a process temperature that a chemical reaction of the process gas forms the carbon-containing structures on the end-of-line substrate, which runs through the process chamber in a conveying direction.
- the areas in which the substrate enters the housing and from which the substrate emerges from the housing again have a diffusion barrier.
- the diffusion barrier has a flushing chamber into which an inert gas is fed.
- several gas outlet openings and gas inlet openings arranged on both sides of the substrate are provided, through which a flushing gas can enter and exit the flushing chamber. This prevents ambient air from entering the interior of the housing.
- the substrate coated with the carbon structures in a central zone of the housing must have a clean surface.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying measures with which a generic device or a generic method can be upgraded in such a way that the coating result is improved.
- the invention relates to a device and a method for depositing carbon-containing structures, the carbon-containing structures, in particular graphene layers or carbon nanotubes, being but not limited thereto.
- the device has a housing or a chamber in which a gas pressure can be set which is, for example, in the range between 950 mbar and 1500 mbar.
- the reactive gas can be an oxidizing gas which preferably enters the housing through the first opening.
- the entry of the reactive gas thus takes place in the conveying direction, so that the as yet uncoated substrate comes into contact with the reactive gas in the first edge zone.
- the substrate or the reactive gas is tempered in such a way that a chemical reaction takes place.
- the temperature of the reactive gas and / or the temperature of the substrate increases in an entry zone of the substrate formed by the soapy edge zone that enters the substrate, so that the reactive gas can perform a cleaning function.
- Means can be provided with which a concentration gradient of the reactive gas is set in the flow direction by sucking the gas out of the housing or by supplying an inert gas.
- the reactive gas can have a high partial pressure within the gas phase of the housing. This partial pressure decreases with increasing distance from the inlet opening through which the substrate enters the housing.
- the reactive gas can chemically react with the surface of the substrate or with substances adhering to the surface of the substrate.
- the chemical reaction can produce volatile reaction products that are removed from the interior of the housing by means of a gas disposal system, for example the pump and the gas outlet.
- a feed line can be provided through which the reactive gas, which can be oxygen or dry air, is fed into the interior of the housing.
- the inlet opening or the outlet opening through which the substrate enters the interior of the housing can be closable openings or locks. It is provided in particular that the substrate is an endless substrate.
- the first and second openings can each be or form diffusion barriers flushed by an inert gas, for example nitrogen.
- a diffusion barrier has a large number of uniformly distributed ment gas outlet openings arranged on a gas outlet surface, through which an inert gas emerges in the direction of one of the two opposite broad sides of the substrate.
- the gas outlet openings can be adjacent to gas inlet openings through which the inert gas thus fed into a rinsing chamber through which the substrate runs is sucked in again.
- the diffusion barrier only with gas outlet openings, in which case it is then preferably provided that there is a negative pressure inside the housing interior, so that the inert gas fed into a gap between the substrate surface and the gas outlet openings completely or almost completely into the Housing interior flows.
- the inert gas can then convey ambient air with oxygen contained therein into the interior of the housing.
- the resulting gas flow can be directed in the conveying direction or against the conveying direction of the substrate.
- the first opening lies vertically above the second opening, so that the substrate moves from top to bottom through the process chamber.
- the reactive gas is preferably fed in only through the upper or inlet-side opening.
- the process gas can be hydrogen, methane, acetylene, ethylene or another carbon-containing gas or a combination of these gases, either in pure form or mixed in an inert gas.
- the process gas can be a mixture of these gases, and hydrogen can preferably also be included.
- the ratio of a gas containing carbon to hydrogen or to an inert gas, for example nitrogen, in the process gas can be in the range between 0.25 and 2 or in a report between 0.5 and 2 or 1. In the latter case, no hydrogen or no inert gas is fed into the interior of the housing.
- the inert gas can be nitrogen, argon or some other non-reactive gas.
- the reactive gas, which can develop the cleaning function on the substrate, is preferably oxygen.
- the diffusion barriers are designed such that atmospheric oxygen passes through the diffusion barriers.
- the diffusion barrier assigned to the first opening is controlled by a control device in such a way that a controlled proportion of oxygen enters the edge zone through it.
- the diffusion barrier assigned to the second opening is controlled by the control device in such a way that no or less oxygen can enter the edge zone assigned to the second opening through the diffusion barrier.
- the diffusion barrier can be controlled, on the one hand, by varying the mass flow of the inert gas. On the other hand, it can also be done by varying the height of the gap between the gas outlet openings or, if present, between the gas inlet openings, the gas inlet openings or gas outlet openings being arranged in inlet surfaces or gas outlet surfaces that run parallel to the substrate surface.
- the control can be carried out by varying the distance between the gas inlet surfaces or the gas outlet surfaces and the substrate surface.
- the two diffusion barriers are controlled in such a way that the partial pressure of the oxygen is at least 0.1% (1000 ppm) directly at the first edge of the edge zone adjacent to the first opening and that the partial pressure of the Oxygen directly to the edge of the second edge zone adjoining the second opening is less than 0.01% (100 ppm), the partial pressure at the beginning of the central zone preferably not being greater than 0.005% (50 ppm) or 0.001% (10 ppm). Provision can be made for the two partial pressures to differ from one another by at least a factor of 5, a factor of 10, or at least a factor of 100 directly at the edge of the respective edge zone. With the means arranged within the housing for influencing the partial pressure of the reactive gas, a concentration gradient is preferably generated that decreases by at least a factor of 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 or 1000 from the edge to the center of the process chamber.
- the diffusion barrier assigned to the first opening and the diffusion barrier assigned to the second opening are not completely tight, so that a gas flow from the ambient atmosphere can enter the housing interior through both diffusion barriers.
- the two diffusion barriers can be designed differently, e.g. the gap through which the substrate passes through the flushing chamber of the diffusion barriers can have a different gap width or -Height or cross-sectional area.
- the mass flow of the purging gas can also be controlled differently by the control device in such a way that a greater mass flow of the reactive gas enters the housing interior through the first opening than through the second opening.
- the mass flow of the purging gas can also be controlled differently by the control device in such a way that a greater mass flow of the reactive gas enters the housing interior through the first opening than through the second opening.
- a gas to be fed in near the second opening, in particular in the second edge zone, which reacts chemically with the reactive gas, the reaction being product an inert gas is formed.
- a gas outlet opening for the process gas which preferably reacts chemically with the reactive gas, is arranged in the second edge region.
- one or more gas outlet openings are provided there with which gas can be pumped out of the housing interior.
- the reactive gas reacts not only with the contaminants on the substrate surface, but also with the process gas.
- the process gas is fed into the process chamber formed by the housing interior at a feed point that is remote from the feed point of the reactive gas.
- the feed point for the process gas is preferably in the second edge zone. It is there preferably spaced from the second opening such that the distance between the gas outlet opening of the gas inlet for feeding in the process gas is about 5-10% of the total length of the process chamber from the second opening, the total length being the distance between the first opening and the second Opening is.
- the length of the first edge zone measured in the conveying direction can be in the range between 20 and 30%, preferably 25% of the total length.
- the length of the second edge zone can be in the range between 15 and 25% of the total length.
- the process gas flows through the process chamber against the conveying direction of the substrate and chemically reacts chemically with the reactive gas only in the area of the first edge zone. This leads to a reduction in both the partial pressure of the reactive gas and the partial pressure of the process gas in the first edge zone, but prevents reactive gas from reaching the central zone.
- the first edge zone is thus a cleaning zone in which a chemical reaction takes place between the reactive gas and a carbon-containing gas of the process gas.
- the Central zone is a growth zone in which the carbon structures are deposited without the latter being able to burn by means of the reactive gas.
- the temperature within the growth zone is preferably in a range between 500 ° C. and 1200 ° C., preferably between 600 ° C.
- the temperature can be in the range between 500 ° C and 1200 ° C and in particular in a range between 850 ° C and 1100 ° C.
- carbon nanotubes CNT
- the temperature can be in the range between 500 ° C and 1000 ° C, preferably in a range between 600 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the temperature is preferably in a range between 600 ° C and 660 ° C or in a range between 615 ° C and 625 ° C.
- the temperature of the substrate in the first edge zone can be in the range between 500 ° C. and the substrate temperature in the central zone.
- a cooling device can be provided with which the substrate can be cooled before it emerges from the interior of the housing.
- the cooling device is formed by the diffusion barrier assigned to the second opening.
- heat can be dissipated from the substrate emerging from the interior of the housing. This is preferably done by means of the inert gas fed into the diffusion barrier. This is tempered below a predetermined temperature of 50 ° C, for example.
- the inert gas By feeding the inert gas into the gap between the gas outlet openings and the substrate, the substrate is cooled to temperatures below 150 ° C or below 100 ° C. This prevents carbon structures deposited on the substrate from burning in the ambient air.
- the diffusion barrier of the second opening is operated in such a way that as little ambient air as possible reaches the interior of the housing.
- Fig. 1 schematically shows a cross section of a first amongsbei game of a device according to the invention and Fig. 2 shows the partial pressure curve of the reactive gas in the conveying direction of the substrate.
- FIG. 3 A representation according to Figure 1 of a second embodiment, for example.
- FIG. 4 A representation according to Figure 2 of the second game personssbei.
- the device shown in the drawings has an elongated housing 1, with a housing jacket which is closed on its underside and on its top opposite this with an end cap.
- the two end caps each have an opening 6, 7, which have a narrow shape, through which a substrate 2 can enter the interior of the housing 1 and exit the housing 1 again.
- the substrate 2 is an endless substrate which can be pulled off a first roll 18 and wound up again on a second roll 19.
- the upper, first opening 6 forms an entry opening for the substrate 2
- the lower opening 7 forms an exit opening for the substrate 2.
- the sub- strat 2 passes through the device in a straight, vertically downward conveying direction F.
- a gas inlet 8 through which a process gas, for example methane, acetylene or ethylene, is fed into the process chamber.
- a heating device 9 is provided with which the process gas is heated.
- a further heating 21 can be provided with which the substrate 2 is heated.
- the interior of the housing 1 forms three zones arranged one behind the other in the conveying direction F.
- a first edge zone 3 directly adjoins the first opening 6.
- a second edge zone 4 directly adjoins the second opening 7.
- a central zone 5 In between there extends a central zone 5 in which a coating process takes place.
- carbon structures are deposited on one of the two broad sides of the substrate 2 through a chemical reaction of the process gas.
- the carbon structures can be carbon nanotubes or graphene.
- a gas outlet 16 is provided with which gas can be transported away from the volume of the housing 1.
- the gas outlet 16 is connected to a pump 10.
- a diffusion barrier is provided with which the entry of ambient air can be prevented or controlled.
- the diffusion barrier on the substrate inlet side is controlled by a control device 15 in such a way that a steady ambient air flow, that is to say a gas flow containing oxygen, enters the first edge zone 3 through the first opening 6.
- the diffusion barrier on the substrate outlet side is controlled by the control device in such a way that it does not cause any or only a small proportion of the In other words, oxygen contained in the ambient air can enter the second edge zone 4.
- the essentially identical diffusion barriers each form a rinsing chamber 17 through which the substrate 2 runs.
- the rinsing chamber 17 thus has two sections that are each assigned to one of the two Breitsei th of the substrate 2.
- a gas inlet arrangement with a gas inlet volume 11 and a gas outlet arrangement with a gas outlet volume 12 are assigned to each of the two sections of the flushing chamber 17.
- An inert gas, for example nitrogen, is fed into the gas inlet volume 11 and enters the respective section of the flushing chamber 17 through gas outlet openings 13.
- the inert gas is deflected on the broad side surface of the substrate 2 and flows in the conveying direction or against the conveying direction to gas outlet openings 14, which are connected to the gas outlet volume 12, which gas outlet volume is sucked off so that a gas flow is formed in the rinsing chamber 17.
- This gas flow forms a diffusion barrier in that it sucks ambient air entering the rinsing chamber through the gas outlet openings 14.
- the control device 15 is programmed in such a way that the barrier functions of the two diffusion barriers are different from one another.
- the barrier function of the diffusion barrier on the substrate inlet side is set such that air containing oxygen passes through the rinsing chamber 17 with such a volume flow that a partial pressure of a maximum of 1%, preferably a maximum of 0.2%, of oxygen is established directly adjacent to the opening 6 within the edge zone 3.
- the barrier function of the diffusion barrier on the substrate outlet side is set so that air containing oxygen passes through the rinsing chamber 17 in such a volume flow that a lower partial pressure is established immediately adjacent to the opening 7 within the edge zone 4, which is in particular less than 0 , 1% or less than 0.02%.
- the gas outlet 16 is designed such that a concentration gradient of the reactive gas is generated in the conveying direction.
- the partial pressure of the oxygen within the process chamber drops steadily in the conveying direction F, as shown in FIG.
- the gas outlet 16 can have a plurality of gas outlet openings which are arranged in the conveying direction and which form suction openings.
- the gas inlet 8 can have a gas outlet opening which is arranged in the edge zone 4 on the substrate outlet side.
- the heating device 9 causes the process gas to be heated.
- the process gas can break down thermally within the gas supply line.
- the pipeline of the gas inlet can thus form a loop which extends through the heated central area 5.
- a heater 21 is provided to heat the Mandelbe empire 5.
- the process gas can also contain hydrogen or another reducing gas.
- the process gas reacts with oxygen. It is provided in particular that the process gas and / or the substrate 2 is brought to a temperature by preheating at which it reacts chemically with oxygen. In this respect, it is advantageous if the process gas or part of the process gas is fed into the second edge zone 4 immediately adjacent to the second opening 7 in order to react there with oxygen diffusing through the diffusion barrier. This causes a significant additional reduction in the oxygen partial pressure in the area there.
- the device according to the invention thus has two inlet openings 6, 7, the second inlet opening 7 being a passive inlet opening through which as little oxygen as possible can enter the interior of the housing.
- the first opening is an active opening through which a controlled flow of oxygen can enter the interior of the housing.
- the substrate enters the housing interior through the active opening and out of the housing interior through the passive opening.
- the partial pressure of the oxygen entering the interior of the housing is immediately behind the opening 6 in a range between 0 and 1% of the total pressure.
- the total pressure can be atmospheric pressure.
- the control of the oxygen flow through the opening 6 can be done by adjusting the inert gas flow of the diffusion barrier.
- a separate oxygen source can be provided, for example an oxygen supply line with which oxygen is fed into the first edge zone 3 in a targeted manner.
- a separate gas inlet for example a showerhead, can be provided there.
- the gas outlet opening 20, with which a reducing gas is fed into the second edge zone 4 can be a second gas outlet opening of a gas inlet device with which the process gas is fed into the central zone 5 becomes.
- a further gas inlet, not shown in FIG. 1, is thus provided, with which the process gas is fed directly into the central zone.
- the temperature in the area of the central zone is higher than in the area of the edge zones 3, 4. It is therefore advantageous if a pipeline of the gas inlet 8 runs through the central zone 5 and a preheated process gas exits through the gas outlet opening 20.
- the preheated process gas can react in the area of the second edge zone 4 with the atmospheric oxygen entering through the diffusion barrier there, for example to form CO2.
- the two diffusion barriers in front of the openings 6, 7 of the housing caps form seals formed by gas curtains, so to speak, which are regulated in such a way that a controlled oxygen flow enters the process chamber through the seal on the substrate inlet side, the concentration level of which is used in the process chamber up to about drops to a predetermined value towards the middle of the process chamber, while the seal on the substrate outlet side means that as little oxygen as possible enters the process chamber, and a chemical reaction should also take place there, in which the oxygen entering the process chamber is involved.
- the carbon-containing process gas can be fed in through a gas inlet element arranged in the central zone 5 in the form of a "showerhead".
- the gas outlet with which the gaseous reaction products of the reactive gas and the process gas are removed from the process chamber and the adjacent edge zones from the housing interior, can be designed according to a variant so that a concentration gradient of the reactive gas so that the concentration directly at the inlet opening 6 has a high value of, for example, a maximum of 20 ppm, at the border to the central zone 5 a lower value of, for example, a maximum of 5 ppm or 1 ppm, and in the middle M of the process chamber almost Is 0.
- the total pressure inside the housing can be 15 mbar to 50 mbar below the external pressure.
- the invention relates in particular to a device and a method in which oxygen is fed into an inlet zone and a gas that reacts with oxygen is fed into an outlet zone, and a gas outlet device located near the inlet zone is used to produce a decreasing gradient in the conveying direction Concentration of the reactive gas is generated within the housing interior.
- FIG. 3 essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for which reason reference is made to the relevant statements.
- the first opening 6 is adjacent to a diffusion barrier which is arranged outside of the housing 1. From two gas distribution volumes 11, which each face one of the two broad side surfaces of the substrate 2, an inert gas passes through gas outlet openings 13 into a gap between the two gas outlet surfaces which have the gas outlet openings 13. The substrate 2 is brought through this gap, which forms a rinsing chamber 17, and then through the opening 6 into the housing 1, which forms a process chamber. Ambient air flows through the gap forming the rinsing chamber 17 into the process chamber.
- the diffusion barrier is set up and controlled in such a way that the partial pressure of the in the oxygen contained in the ambient air in the region of the first opening 6 is at a maximum of 1000 ppm.
- the second opening 7 is also adjacent to a diffusion barrier. It is designed like the diffusion barrier adjacent to the first opening 6 described above, but it is set or operated in such a way that as little ambient air as possible enters the process chamber through the diffusion barrier.
- atmospheric oxygen enters the process chamber and reacts there with the process gas fed into the process chamber through the gas outlet opening 20 and in particular with the gas contained therein or the hydrogen contained therein .
- the space in which the chemical reaction takes place adjacent to the second opening 7 is restricted to the immediate vicinity of the second opening 7. Measures are taken to prevent carbon structures deposited on the substrate from being burned by atmospheric oxygen.
- the partial pressure of the oxygen fed in through the first opening 6 drops continuously. This takes place on the one hand due to a reaction of the atmospheric oxygen with impurities on the substrate 2, on the other hand due to the suction of the gas through the gas outlet 16 but also due to a chemical reaction of the atmospheric oxygen in the Area of the first edge zone 3 with the process gas. Measures are taken to prevent the atmospheric oxygen from reaching the central zone 5.
- the partial pressure of the process gas and in particular of the carbon-containing gas contained in the process gas is essentially constant over the entire length of the central zone 5 and decreases in the area of the end of the central zone 5 adjoining the first edge zone 3.
- the diffusion barrier adjacent to the second opening 7 is operated as a cooling device in order to cool the substrate 2 emerging from the process chamber to temperatures below 150.degree.
- heat is withdrawn from the substrate 2 by the inert gas fed into the rinsing chamber 17.
- a device which is characterized in that means are provided for the controlled entry of a reactive gas into the first edge zone
- a method characterized in that a reactive gas enters the first edge zone 3 in a controlled manner, which gas reacts chemically with impurities in the substrate in the first edge zone.
- a device which is characterized in that means are provided with which both in the first edge zone 3 and in the second Edge zone 4, a mass flow of a reactive gas can be fed in in a controlled manner, the mass flow entering the first edge zone 3 being greater than the mass flow entering the second edge zone 4.
- a device or a method characterized in that the first opening 6 and the second opening 7 are each formed by a diffusion barrier 11, 12, 13, 14 flushed with an inert gas, through which the substrate 2 is conveyed, the Diffusion barriers 11, 12, 13 are designed in such a way or the inert gases purging them are mass flow controlled in such a way that the mass flow of ambient air containing oxygen as a reactive gas entering through the first opening 6 is adjustable or is set or can be or is controlled by a control device .
- a device or a method characterized in that through a reactive gas inlet opening 23 through which the reactive gas can be fed or is fed into at least the first edge zone 3.
- a device or a method characterized in that the gas outlet opening 20 and / the suction opening 24 are arranged or operated in the housing interior in such a way that a partial pressure of the reactive gas decreases steadily from the first opening 6 in the conveying direction F, so that the chemical Reactions of the reactive gas with impurities on the substrate 2 and a chemical reaction with the process gas take place only or at least 90% in the first edge zone 3.
- a device or a method characterized in that the diffusion barrier 11, 12, 13, 14 has inlet openings 13 which generate a gas flow directed transversely to the conveying direction F into a rinsing chamber 17, which flows out of the rinsing chamber 17 through gas outlet openings 14 or is sucked off, or that flows into the interior of the housing.
- a device or a method characterized in that the gas outlet opening 20 is arranged or operated in the second edge zone 3 in such a way that a partial pressure of the process gas decreases counter to the conveying direction F.
- An apparatus or a method characterized in that the
- Gas inlet 8 or a pipe of the gas inlet 8 can be preheated or is preheated with a second heating device 9.
- a device or a method characterized in that the suction opening 24 is arranged or operated at the boundary between the first edge zone 3 and central zone 5 in the housing interior in such a way that in the first edge zone 3 for cleaning the substrate 2, the reactive gas with Impurities on the surface of the substrate 2 reacts chemically and the carbon-containing structures are deposited in the central zone 5.
- a device or a method characterized in that a cooling device is provided with which the substrate 2 emerging from the second opening 7 can be or is cooled.
- a device or a method characterized in that the diffusion barriers 11, 13 have gas outlet openings 13 directed onto the surface of the substrate 2, through which an inert gas is fed into a gap between the gas outlet openings 13 and the substrate 2, the Total pressure in the housing interior is set such that the inert gas fed into the gap flows into the gas interior.
- a device or a method characterized in that the substrate 2 is an unwindable or unwound from a first winding 18 endless substrate that after cleaning the surface of the substrate inside the housing interior and coating the surface of the substrate 2 in the same housing interior can be wound up on a second reel 19 or is wound up.
- a device which is characterized in that with a total length defined by the distance between the first opening 6 and the second opening 7, measured in the conveying direction F, the length of the first edge zone is 320-30% or 25% of the total length and / or the length of the second edge zone is 415-25% or 20% of the total length.
- a device which is characterized in that the gas outlet opening 20 is spaced from the second opening 7 counter to the conveying direction F or that the distance between the gas outlet opening 20 and the second opening measured in the conveying direction F is 75-10% of the total length corresponds to.
- a method characterized in that the total pressure inside the housing interior is at least 50 mbar lower than the pressure of the surroundings.
- a method characterized in that the substrate 2 in the central zone 5 is brought to a temperature in the range between 500 ° C and 1200 ° C or in the range between 600 ° C and 900 ° C for the deposition of graphene multilayer structures or for the deposition of graphene monolayers is brought to a temperature in the range between 500 ° C and 1200 ° C or in the range between 850 ° C and 1100 ° C or for the deposition of carbon nanotubes (CNT) to a temperature in Range between 500 ° C and 1000 ° C or in the range between 600 ° C and 700 ° C is brought.
- CNT carbon nanotubes
- a method characterized in that the partial pressure of the reactive gas in the area of the first opening 6 is a maximum of 0.1% (1000 ppm) of the total pressure in the housing interior and / or that the partial pressure of the reactive gas at the The boundary between the first edge zone 3 and the central zone 5 is lower than 0.005% (50 ppm) or than 0.001% (10 ppm) of the total pressure.
- a method characterized in that the substrate temperature in the first edge zone 3 is brought to a temperature of more than 500 ° C.
- a method characterized in that the process gas contains at least one of the following gases: CEE, C2H2, C2H4, N2 and / or a mixture of at least two of these gases.
- a method characterized in that the mass ratio of a gas containing carbon to hydrogen or an inert gas in the process gas is in the range between 0.25 and 2 or in the range between 0.5 and 2 or 1.
- a method characterized in that neither a direct gas feed nor a direct gas suction takes place in the central zone 5.
- a method characterized in that the substrate 2 exits the interior of the housing through the second opening 7 in the diffusion barrier 11, 12, 13, 14 by dissipating heat into the inert gas to temperatures below 150 ° C or below 100 ° C is cooled.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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KR1020227017497A KR20220091517A (ko) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-29 | 탄소 함유 구조물들을 증착하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
JP2022524664A JP2023504770A (ja) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-29 | 炭素含有構造体を堆積するための装置及び方法 |
EP20806940.1A EP4051821A1 (de) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-29 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum abscheiden kohlenstoffhaltiger strukturen |
CN202080084273.2A CN114746574B (zh) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-29 | 用于沉积含碳结构的设备和方法 |
US17/773,351 US12325912B2 (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2020-10-29 | Apparatus and method for depositing carbon-containing structures |
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JP2005533180A (ja) * | 2002-07-17 | 2005-11-04 | ハイトコ カーボン コムポージッツ インコーポレイテッド | 連続的化学気相蒸着プロセス及び処理炉 |
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US9435028B2 (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2016-09-06 | Lotus Applied Technology, Llc | Plasma generation for thin film deposition on flexible substrates |
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KR102370692B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-03-08 | 국일그래핀 주식회사 | 대면적 그래핀 증착방법 및 이를 이용한 그래핀 연속 증착장치 |
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- 2020-10-29 CN CN202080084273.2A patent/CN114746574B/zh active Active
- 2020-10-29 KR KR1020227017497A patent/KR20220091517A/ko active Pending
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EP2450310A1 (de) | 2009-07-01 | 2012-05-09 | Zeon Corporation | Vorrichtung zur herstellung einer ausgerichteten kohlenstoffnanoröhrchenanordnung |
US20130071565A1 (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2013-03-21 | Applied Nanostructured Solutions, Llc | Apparatuses and Methods for Large-Scale Production of Hybrid Fibers Containing Carbon Nanostructures and Related Materials |
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US20240150891A1 (en) | 2024-05-09 |
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CN114746574B (zh) | 2024-04-16 |
US12325912B2 (en) | 2025-06-10 |
EP4051821A1 (de) | 2022-09-07 |
KR20220091517A (ko) | 2022-06-30 |
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