WO2020202759A1 - 熱交換器 - Google Patents
熱交換器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020202759A1 WO2020202759A1 PCT/JP2020/003636 JP2020003636W WO2020202759A1 WO 2020202759 A1 WO2020202759 A1 WO 2020202759A1 JP 2020003636 W JP2020003636 W JP 2020003636W WO 2020202759 A1 WO2020202759 A1 WO 2020202759A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- circulation portion
- header
- path
- leeward
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0243—Header boxes having a circular cross-section
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
- F28D7/1653—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having a square or rectangular shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
- F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
- F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
- F28F9/0207—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions the longitudinal or transversal partitions being separate elements attached to header boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
- F28F9/0268—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box in the form of multiple deflectors for channeling the heat exchange medium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/028—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using inserts for modifying the pattern of flow inside the header box, e.g. by using flow restrictors or permeable bodies or blocks with channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0068—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for refrigerant cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0084—Condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0085—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
- F28F2009/224—Longitudinal partitions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
- F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger, particularly a heat exchanger used in an air conditioner.
- a heat exchanger having a structure in which both ends of a flat tube (heat transfer tube) having a plurality of flow path holes are connected to a header and the refrigerant is diverted into the flat tube in the header.
- a plurality of flat tubes are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the refrigerant flow direction.
- Patent Document 1 As shown in FIG. 5A, an orifice 151A (spout hole) provided in an inflow plate 15A that partitions a refrigerant inflow portion 14A and a circulation portion 16A of the header 12A and a flat pipe are laminated.
- a partition plate 161A that is arranged so as to extend in parallel to each other and divides the circulation portion 16A inside the header 12A into a space of an inner 16iA (the side to which the flat pipe is connected) and an outer 16oA (the side opposite to the flat pipe).
- FIGS. 5A, 6A, and 7A show a cross-sectional view of the header 12 in FIGS. 5B, 6B, and 7B.
- the flow velocity of the liquid refrigerant flowing from the inflow pipe 13A into the refrigerant inflow portion 14A is increased by the orifice 151A, and the liquid refrigerant stays in the lower part of the circulation portion 16A, while the upper communication passage 162A and the lower communication passage 162A and the lower communication passage are suppressed.
- Patent Document 1 has a problem that the non-uniformity of the refrigerant state on the leeward side and the leeward side of the flat pipe 11A cannot be improved.
- the first partition plate 161B divides the circulation portion 16B inside the header 12B into a space of an inner 16iB on the flat tube 11B side and an outer 16oB on the opposite side of the flat tube 11B side.
- a second partition plate 164B that further divides the space of the outer 16oB into a space of 16uoB on the leeward side and a space of 16doB on the leeward side, and an upper passage 162B and a second partition plate 164B provided above the second partition plate 164B.
- a heat exchanger 5B having a lower communication passage 163B provided on the lower side and gaps 165B and 166B provided on the side surface of the first partition plate 161B.
- the flow velocity of the liquid refrigerant flowing from the inflow pipe 13B into the refrigerant inflow portion 14B is increased by the orifice 151B of the inflow plate 15B, and the liquid refrigerant does not stay in the lower part of the circulation portion 16B while suppressing the retention of the liquid refrigerant in the upper communication passage 162B.
- the liquid refrigerant staying in the upper part of the circulation part 16B is returned to the lower part by circulating the circulation part 16B partitioned by the lower communication passage 163B and the second partition plate 164B, so that the refrigerant stays in the upper part of the header 12B. It is suppressing.
- the flow of the refrigerant on the windward side 16uoB is indicated by a broken line arrow
- the flow of the refrigerant on the leeward side 16doB is indicated by a solid line arrow.
- the liquid refrigerant R stays (indicated by hatching) in the vicinity of the lower communication passage 163B in the return side space of the circulation path, and flows unevenly to the flat pipe 11B. There is a concern.
- FIG. 7A the illustration of the flat tube 11B is partially omitted.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, equalizes the diversion of the refrigerant for each flat pipe, improves the non-uniformity of the refrigerant state on the windward and leeward sides of the flat pipe, and returns the circulation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger that suppresses the drift of the liquid refrigerant staying in the side space to the flat pipe.
- the present invention is grasped by the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a heat exchanger, which is a plurality of flat tubes laminated in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing inside, and one end of the plurality of flat tubes.
- a hollow header to which the portions are connected an inflow plate that partitions the refrigerant inflow portion and the lower circulation portion above the header inside the header, and an upper circulation portion above the lower circulation portion inside the header.
- the lower partition plate extending parallel to the direction in which the flat pipe is laminated on the inner ascending path and the outer descending path, and the inflow plate and the lower partition plate.
- the flat pipe is provided in a lower communication passage connecting the ascending path and the descending path of the lower circulation portion, an ascending path provided in at least a part of the leeward side of the upper circulation portion, and a descending path provided in at least the windward side.
- the inflow plate is provided with an upper partition plate extending parallel to the stacking direction and an upper connecting passage connecting the ascending path and the descending path of the upper circulation portion, and the inflow plate has an ejection hole for ejecting a refrigerant on the leeward side and inside.
- the upper and lower partition plates have a first passage port through which the refrigerant passes on the leeward side and inside, and a second passage port through which the refrigerant passes at least on the leeward side and outside.
- the ejection hole of the inflow plate is located between the subpartition plate and one end side of the plurality of flat pipes in a cross-sectional view.
- the upper partition plate has a first partition portion that separates upwind and leeward inside the upper circulation portion, and an outer side and an inner side on the leeward side of the upper circulation portion.
- the second partition portion is formed so that the cross-sectional shape is L-shaped, and the ascending path is partitioned on the leeward side and inside, and the descending path is partitioned on the leeward side and leeward outside.
- the diversion of the refrigerant for each flat pipe is made uniform, the non-uniformity of the refrigerant state on the windward side and the leeward side in the flat pipe is improved, and the liquid refrigerant staying in the return side space of the circulation is transferred to the flat pipe. It is possible to provide a heat exchanger that suppresses the drift of the air.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner to which the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2A is a view for explaining the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a plan view showing the heat exchanger.
- FIG. 2B is a front view showing the heat exchanger.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a header of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3B is a plan view showing a cross section taken along line BB of FIG. 3A and showing an inflow plate.
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line CC of FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 3D is a plan view showing a cross section taken along line DD of FIG. 3A and showing an upper and lower partition plate.
- FIG. 3E is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line EE of FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating the retention of the liquid refrigerant in the header (lower circulation portion) of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line FF of FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional heat exchanger, and is a diagram in the case where a partition plate for partitioning the inside and the outside is provided.
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along the line KK of FIG. 5A.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining another example of the conventional heat exchanger, in which a first partition plate for partitioning the inside and the outside and a second partition plate for partitioning the leeward side and the leeward side are provided.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line LL of FIG. 6A.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating the retention of the liquid refrigerant in FIG.
- FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line MM of FIG. 7A.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a header of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8A is a diagram illustrating a header of the heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line GG of FIG. 8A.
- FIG. 8C is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line HH of FIG. 8A.
- FIG. 8D is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line II of FIG. 8A.
- FIG. 8E is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section taken along line JJ of FIG. 8A.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an air conditioner to which the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the air conditioner 1 includes an indoor unit 2 and an outdoor unit 3.
- the indoor unit 2 is provided with an indoor heat exchanger 4, and the outdoor unit 3 is provided with a compressor 6, an expansion valve 7, a four-way valve 8 and the like in addition to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
- a compressor 6 an expansion valve 7, a four-way valve 8 and the like in addition to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 of the outdoor unit 3 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 4 via the four-way valve 8.
- the refrigerant flows in the direction of the black arrow.
- the indoor heat exchanger 4 functions as a condenser, and the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with air condenses and liquefies.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by passing through the expansion valve 7 of the outdoor unit 3, becomes a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 5 functions as an evaporator, and the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the outside air is gasified. After that, the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 6 via the four-way valve 8.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 6 of the outdoor unit 3 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 via the four-way valve 8.
- the refrigerant flows in the direction of the white arrow.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 5 functions as a condenser, and the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with the outside air condenses and liquefies.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is depressurized by passing through the expansion valve 7 of the outdoor unit 3, becomes a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the indoor heat exchanger 4.
- the indoor heat exchanger 4 functions as an evaporator, and the refrigerant that has exchanged heat with air is gasified. After that, the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 6 via the four-way valve 8.
- the heat exchanger of the first embodiment can be applied to the indoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, but in the following description, the outdoor unit 3 which functions as an evaporator during the heating operation. This will be described as being applied to the heat exchanger 5 of the above.
- the heat exchanger 5 of the outdoor unit 3 may be used as a flat type or as a plan view L type. Usually, when it is used in a plan view L shape, it is obtained by bending a heat exchanger 5 formed in a flat shape. Specifically, an assembly process of assembling a flat heat exchanger 5 with a member coated with a brazing material on the surface, and a brazing process of putting the assembled flat heat exchanger 5 into a furnace and brazing.
- the L-shaped heat exchanger 5 is manufactured through a bending step of bending the brazed flat heat exchanger 5 into an L-shape.
- the heat exchanger of the present invention will be described as a flat heat exchanger 5.
- FIG. 2A and 2B are views for explaining the heat exchanger 5 according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 2A shows a plan view of the heat exchanger 5
- FIG. 2B shows a front view of the heat exchanger 5.
- the flat pipe 11 (first flat pipe 11a and second flat pipe 11b) has a flat cross section extending in the direction in which air flows, and a plurality of flow paths through which the refrigerant flows are provided in the air flow direction. It is formed side by side.
- the heat exchanger 5 includes a plurality of flat tubes 11 arranged in the vertical direction so that the wide surfaces (wide surfaces) of the side surfaces of the flat tubes 11 face each other, and a pair of left and right connected to both ends of the flat tubes 11.
- the header 12 and a plurality of fins 111 arranged in a direction intersecting the flat tube 11 and joined to the flat tube 11 are provided.
- the heat exchanger 5 is provided with a refrigerant pipe in the header 12 that connects the heat exchanger 5 to other elements of the air conditioner 1 and allows the refrigerant to flow.
- the flat tubes 11 are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction via an interval S1 for air to pass through, and both ends thereof are connected to a pair of headers 12. Specifically, a plurality of flat tubes 11 along the left-right direction are arranged in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval S1, and both ends thereof are connected to the header 12.
- the header 12 has a cylindrical shape, and the refrigerant supplied to the heat exchanger 5 may be branched into a plurality of flat pipes 11 or the refrigerants flowing out from the plurality of flat pipes 11 may be merged therein. A refrigerant flow path (not shown) is formed.
- the fins 111 have a flat plate shape that is arranged so as to extend in a direction intersecting the flat tube 11 in the front view, and are arranged at a predetermined arrangement pitch in the left-right direction with an interval for passing air.
- header 12 of the heat exchanger 5 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 4A and 4B.
- the headers 12 are provided in pairs on the left and right as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, but will be described below using the header 12 on the left side.
- the flat tube 11 side (right side in the figure) of the lower partition plate 161 described later is referred to as the inside, and the opposite side (left side in the figure) is referred to as the outside with respect to the header 12.
- the upper side of the upper partition plate 174 which will be described later, is referred to as upwind, and the opposite side thereof is referred to as leeward (lower side in the figure). Note that fins 111 are omitted in FIGS. 3A and 4A. Further, the downward arrow at the upper part of the cross-sectional view indicates the air flow direction.
- the internal structure of the header 12 will be described with reference to the schematic diagram of FIG. 3A.
- the inside of the header 12 is formed hollow so that the refrigerant is divided into a plurality of flat pipes 11.
- the header 12 is divided into a refrigerant inflow portion 14, a lower circulation portion 16, and an upper circulation portion 17 in this order from the bottom.
- FIG. 3A a cross-sectional view seen from the direction in which the flat tubes of the header 12 are laminated is shown in FIGS. 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E, and in FIG. 4A, the flat tubes of the header 12 are laminated.
- a cross-sectional view seen from the direction is shown in FIG. 4B.
- An inflow pipe 13 into which the refrigerant flows is connected to the refrigerant inflow section 14.
- a plurality of flat pipes 11 stacked in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the flat pipe 11 have one end connected to the header 12 and a lower flat pipe connected to the lower circulation portion 16. It is classified into a tube group 11d and an upper flat tube group 11u connected to the upper circulation portion 17.
- a plurality of flow path holes (not shown) through which the refrigerant flows are arranged in parallel with each other from the windward side to the leeward side.
- the refrigerant inflow section 14 and the lower circulation section 16 above it are partitioned by an inflow plate 15.
- the inflow plate 15 is provided with an ejection hole 151 (orifice) in which the refrigerant is ejected from the refrigerant inflow portion 14 to the lower circulation portion 16.
- the ejection hole 151 is provided on the leeward side and inside of the inflow plate 15 in a cross-sectional view of the inflow plate 15 when viewed from the direction in which the flat pipes are laminated. It is located between the flat tube 11 and one end side of the flat tube 11.
- the ejection hole 151 is arranged at a position that does not overlap with one end side of the flat tube 11, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant ejected from the ejection hole 151 to the lower circulation portion 16 from being decelerated by the flat tube 11.
- the lower circulation portion 16 has an ascending path 16i of the refrigerant which is inside (on the flat pipe 11B side of the lower circulation portion 16) and an outside (outside) by the lower partition plate 161 except for the lower passage 163.
- the lower circulation portion 16 is partitioned from the refrigerant down passage 16o, which is the side opposite to the flat pipe 11B side). That is, the lower partition plate 161 is arranged so as to partition the lower circulation portion 16 from the inside to the outside so as to extend downward from the upper and lower partition plates 18 described later in the direction in which the flat tubes are laminated, and at the lower end thereof.
- the inside and the outside are communicated by the lower passage 163.
- the lower end of the lower partition plate 161 is located below the lowermost flat pipe 11 of the lower flat pipe group 11d.
- the lower circulation portion 16 and the upper circulation portion 17 above the lower circulation portion 16 are partitioned by the upper and lower partition plates 18, and the upper and lower partition plates 18 pass the refrigerant flowing through the ascending path 16i to the upper circulation portion 17 as shown in FIG. 3D.
- the first passage port 18di to be allowed to pass is provided on the leeward side and inside of the header 12, and the first closed portion 18ui that does not allow the refrigerant to pass is provided on the leeward side and inside.
- a second passage port 18uo for passing the refrigerant from the upper circulation portion 17 to the lower circulation portion 16 is provided on the windward side and outside of the header 12, and a second closing portion 18do for preventing the refrigerant from passing is provided on the leeward side and outside.
- the second closing portion 18do does not have to be in a mode of closing the flow path, and may be integrally opened with the second passage port 18uo. Even if the second passage port 18uo is provided only on the windward side and outside, or even if it is provided on the outside from the windward side to the leeward side, if the refrigerant can be guided to the descending path 16o outside the lower circulation portion 16. Good.
- the upper and lower partition plates 18 may have a second passage port 18uo for passing the refrigerant in the downward direction at least on the windward side.
- the upper circulation portion 17 is divided into an ascending path 17d on the leeward side of the header 12 and a descending path 17u on the leeward side by the upper partition plate 174, except for the upper connecting passage 172.
- the upper partition plate 174 is arranged so as to partition the upper circulation portion 17 into the leeward side and the leeward side so as to extend upward from the above-mentioned upper and lower partition plates 18 in the direction in which the flat tubes are laminated, and at the upper end thereof.
- the leeward side and the leeward side are communicated by the upper connecting passage 172.
- the upper partition plate 174 is provided with a recess at a position corresponding to the upper flat tube group 11u, and the flat tube 11 is inserted.
- the upper end of the upper partition plate 174 is located above the uppermost flat pipe 11 of the upper flat pipe group 11u.
- FIG. 3A an example in which the lower flat tube group 11d and the upper flat tube group 11u are both composed of seven flat tubes 11 is shown, but the number of each flat tube 11 is limited to this. Also, the number of upper and lower partition plates 18 may not be the same on both sides.
- the cross-sectional areas of the ascending path 16i, the descending path 16o, the ascending path 17d, and the descending path 17u may be designed in advance according to the state and type of the flowing refrigerant. These items can be appropriately set according to the performance required for the heat exchanger 5.
- the refrigerant circulates inside the header 12 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 3A, and is divided into the flat pipes 11 of the lower flat pipe group 11d and the upper flat pipe group 11u. .. That is, the refrigerant is first ejected from the refrigerant inflow portion 14 to the ascending path 16i inside the lower circulation portion 16 through the ejection hole 151 of the inflow plate 15. After that, the refrigerant is guided to the ascending path 17d on the leeward side of the upper circulation portion 17 via the first passage port 18di of the upper and lower partition plates 18.
- the refrigerant reverses in the upper passage 172 and returns to the downwind path 17u on the windward side of the upper circulation portion 17, as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. 3A.
- the refrigerant is guided to the descending path 16o outside the lower circulation portion 16 through the second passage port 18uo of the upper and lower partition plates 18.
- the second passage port 18uo of the upper and lower partition plates 18 may be on the windward side and only the outside of the header 12, or may be on the outside from the windward side to the leeward side. It suffices if it can be guided to the descending path 16o outside the lower circulation portion 16.
- the refrigerant guided to the descending passage 16o outside the lower circulation portion 16 is reversed in the lower passage 163 and circulates again to the ascending passage 16i inside the lower circulation portion 16. It merges with the refrigerant flowing into the lower circulation portion 16 through the ejection hole 151 of the inflow plate 15, and is divided into each flat pipe 11.
- the areas of the ejection hole 151, the first passage port 18di, and the second passage port 18uo can be appropriately set according to the performance required for the heat exchanger 5.
- the header 12 By circulating the refrigerant as described above, in the header 12 according to the first embodiment, it is possible to make the distribution balance of the refrigerant uniform for each flat pipe 11. That is, the ejection hole 151 of the inflow plate 15, the lower partition plate 161 for partitioning the lower circulation portion 16, and the upper partition plate 174 for partitioning the upper circulation portion 17 reduce the cross-sectional area of the flow path and increase the flow velocity of the refrigerant, resulting in low circulation. Even if the amount is large, the liquid refrigerant tends to rise in the header 12, and the refrigerant does not stay in the lower part of the header 12.
- the lower circulation portion 16 of the header 12 serves as a circulation path between the inner ascending path 16i and the outer descending path 16o, and the position of the ejection hole 151 of the inflow plate 15 is moved to the leeward side, so that the ascending path 16i A large amount of blown up high-velocity gas is distributed on the leeward side, and a large amount of liquid refrigerant having a lower flow velocity is distributed on the upwind side of the ascending path 16i.
- the liquid refrigerant is equally distributed to each flow path hole, whereas in the header 12 according to the first embodiment, a large amount of the liquid refrigerant flows to the windward side where the heat exchange amount is relatively large. This makes it possible to improve the non-uniformity of the refrigerant state on the leeward side and the leeward side of the flat tube 11.
- the ascending path 17d on the leeward side and the descending path 17u on the leeward side serve as a circulation path, and the proportion of the liquid refrigerant increases on the descending path 17u side, which is the return space.
- the return space By arranging the return space on the upper side, a large amount of liquid refrigerant can flow on the windward side where the amount of heat exchange is relatively large, and the non-uniformity of the refrigerant state on the windward side and the leeward side of the flat tube 11 is improved. ..
- FIGS. 4A and 4B are used for the liquid refrigerant R (shown by hatching in FIGS. 4A and 4B) staying in the descending path 16o which is the return space of the circulation path of the lower circulation portion 16. I will explain. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the descending path 16o of the lower circulation portion 16 is an outer space to which the flat pipe 11 is not connected, and the retained liquid refrigerant R does not flow unevenly into the flat pipe 11.
- FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E are cross-sectional views taken from the direction in which the flat tubes of the header 12 are laminated in FIG. 8A.
- header 22 The header 22 will be described below, but the points will be described using the header 22 on the left side of the pair of headers 22 provided on the left and right, and the header 22 is flattened in the header 22 partitioned by the partition plate 261 described later.
- the point (lower side in the figure) and the point that the fin 111 is omitted in FIG. 8A are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the liquid refrigerant in a situation where the amount of refrigerant circulating is large, the liquid refrigerant can be more appropriately divided in the descending path 17u (space where the refrigerant returns to the lower part) of the upper circulation portion 17 in the first embodiment.
- the purpose is.
- the header 22 has an L-shaped cross section when viewed on the circulation portion 27 in a cross section perpendicular to the direction in which the flat tubes are laminated, as shown in FIG. 8B.
- a partition plate 274 is provided. Specifically, the upper partition plate 274 combines a first partition 274x that separates the upwind and leeward inside the upper circulation portion 27 and a second partition 274y that separates the outside and the inside on the leeward side of the header 22. Is formed.
- the second partition portion 274y is arranged so as to extend from the upper and lower partition plates 28 to the upper end of the upper circulation portion 27, while the first partition portion 274x is located at least lower than the uppermost flat tube of the upper flat tube group 11u.
- an upper passage 272 is provided between the upper circulation portion 27 and the upper end.
- a recess is provided in the first partition portion 274x at a position corresponding to the upper flat tube group 11u, and the flat tube 11 is inserted.
- the upper circulation portion 27 is partitioned by the upper partition plate 274 into an ascending path 27di for the refrigerant on the leeward side and the inner side, a descending path 27u for the refrigerant on the leeward side, and a descending path 27do for the refrigerant on the leeward side. Will be.
- the descending path 27u and the descending path 27do are formed in an integral space.
- the upper circulation portion 27 is a part of the space on the leeward side of the upper circulation portion 27, the leeward side and the inside is the ascending path 27di, and all the spaces on the leeward side.
- the space on the leeward side and a part of the outer space is partitioned into the descending paths 27u / 27do, respectively. Therefore, when the header 12 and the header 22 are included, the upper partition plates 174 and 274 have ascending paths 17d and 27di provided with the upper circulation portions 17 and 27 on at least a part of the leeward side except for the upper connecting passages 172 and 272. And, at least, it is divided into descending paths 17u and 27u / 27do provided on the windward side.
- the refrigerant circulates inside the header 22 as shown by the arrow in FIG. 8A, and is divided into the flat pipes 11 of the lower flat pipe group 11d and the upper flat pipe group 11u. That is, the refrigerant is first ejected from the refrigerant inflow portion 24 to the ascending path 26i inside the lower circulation portion 26 through the leeward and inner ejection holes 251 of the inflow plate 25. After that, the refrigerant is guided to the upwind path 27di on the leeward side and inside of the upper circulation portion 27 via the first passage port 28di of the upper and lower partition plates 28. Note that FIG.
- FIG. 8C shows an example in which another ejection hole 252 is provided on the windward side and inside of the inflow plate 25, but this is not indispensable as the second embodiment, and the refrigerant to the lower circulation portion 26 is provided. It may be provided when it is necessary to promote the eruption of.
- the refrigerant reverses in the upper passage 272 and returns to the downwind path 27u on the windward side and the downwind path 27do on the leeward side of the upper circulation portion 27.
- the refrigerant is guided to the descending path 26o outside the lower circulation portion 26 via the second passage port 28uo of the upper and lower partition plates 28.
- the second passage port 28uo of the upper and lower partition plates 28 may be located only on the windward side or on the outside from the windward side to the leeward side.
- the refrigerant is circulated in the lower circulation portion. It suffices if it can be led to the descending path 26o on the outside of 26.
- the refrigerant guided to the descending passage 26o outside the lower circulation portion 26 is reversed in the lower passage 263 and circulates again to the ascending passage 26i inside the lower circulation portion 26.
- the upper connecting passage 272 has an L-shaped upper partition plate 274 to form a leeward and inner ascending path 27di, a leeward descending path 27u, and a leeward outer descending path 27do.
- the liquid refrigerant spreads and stays on the second closed portion 28do on the leeward side and outside in addition to the first closed portion 28ui on the windward side and inside. Then, since the area where the refrigerant can be retained in the upper circulation portion 27 increases, the retention height of the liquid refrigerant can be made lower than that of the lowermost flat tube 11 of the upper flat tube group 11u, and the upper flat tube can be retained. The drift in the height direction of the group 11u can be further improved.
- the influence of the liquid refrigerant retention is suppressed by increasing the retention area of the liquid refrigerant on the descending paths 27u and 27do side of the upper circulation portion 27 while improving the drift in the width direction. Further deviation in the height direction can be improved.
- Upper partition plate 18 Upper and lower partition plate, 18di ... 1st passage port, 18ui ... 1st closing part, 18uo ... 2nd passage port, 18do ... 2nd closing part 22 ... Header (second implementation) form) 24 ... Refrigerant inflow part 25 ... Inflow plate 251 ... Ejection hole (orifice) 26 ... Lower circulation part, 26i ... Inner ascending path, 26o ... Outer descending path 261 ... Lower partition plate 263 ... Lower passage 27 ... Upper circulation part, 27di ... Downwind side and inner ascending path, 27u ... Upwind side Downward path, 27do ... Downwind outer descending path 272 ... Upper passage 274 ...
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Abstract
Description
(1)本発明の第1の観点は、熱交換器であって、内部を流れる冷媒の流れ方向に垂直となる方向に積層された複数の扁平管と、前記複数の扁平管の一方の端部が接続された中空のヘッダと、前記ヘッダの内部で冷媒流入部とその上方の下循環部を区画する流入板と、前記ヘッダの内部で前記下循環部とその上方の上循環部を区画する上下仕切板と、前記下循環部を内側の上昇路と外側の下降路に前記扁平管が積層される方向に平行に延びる下仕切板と、前記流入板と前記下仕切板との間で前記下循環部の上昇路と下降路を連通する下連通路と、前記上循環部を風下側の少なくとも一部に設けられた上昇路と少なくとも風上側に設けられた下降路に前記扁平管が積層される方向に平行に延びる上仕切板と、前記上循環部の上昇路と下降路を連通する上連通路と、を備え、前記流入板は、冷媒を噴出する噴出孔を風下側かつ内側に有し、前記上下仕切板は、冷媒を通過させる第1通過口を風下側かつ内側に、冷媒を通過させる第2通過口を少なくとも風上外側にそれぞれ有する。
以下、本発明を実施するための形態(以下、「実施形態」という)を、添付図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、実施形態の説明の全体を通して同じ要素には同じ番号を付している。
まず、本発明の第1実施形態について、図1から図4Bを用いて説明する。
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る熱交換器が適用される空気調和機の構成を示している。図1に示すように、空気調和機1は、室内機2と室外機3とを備えている。室内機2には、室内用の熱交換器4が設けられ、室外機3には、室外用の熱交換器5のほかに、圧縮機6、膨張弁7、四方弁8等が設けられている。
本第1実施形態の熱交換器は、室内用の熱交換器4及び室外用の熱交換器5に適用可能であるが、以下の説明では、暖房運転時に蒸発器として機能する、室外機3の熱交換器5に適用するものとして説明する。なお、室外機3の熱交換器5は、平型のまま使用しても平面視L型として使用しても良い。通常、平面視L型で使用する場合には、平型に形成された熱交換器5を曲げ加工することで得られる。具体的には、表面にロウ材が塗布された部材で平型の熱交換器5を組み立てる組立工程と、組み立てられた平型の熱交換器5を炉に入れてロウ付けするロウ付け工程と、ロウ付けされた平型の熱交換器5をL型に曲げ加工する曲げ工程と、を経てL型の熱交換器5が製造される。以下、本発明の熱交換器を平型の熱交換器5として説明する。
次に、本第1実施形態に係る熱交換器5のヘッダ12について、図3A、図3B、図3C、図3D、図3E、図4A及び図4Bを用いて説明する。ヘッダ12は、図2Aと図2Bとに示すように左右一対に設けられているが、以下では、左側のヘッダ12を用いて説明する。また、本第1実施形態では、ヘッダ12に対し、後述する下仕切板161の扁平管11側(図中、右側)を内側、その反対側(図中、左側)を外側といい、また、後述する上仕切板174の図中の上側を風上、その反対側を風下(図中、下側)という。なお、図3A及び図4Aでは、フィン111を省略している。また、断面図の上方の下向きの矢印は、空気の流通方向を示している。
以上のようなヘッダ12の構造によって、冷媒は、図3Aの矢印に示すようにヘッダ12内部を循環しつつ、下部扁平管群11d及び上部扁平管群11uの各扁平管11へ分流されていく。すなわち、冷媒は、まず、流入板15の噴出孔151を介して冷媒流入部14から下循環部16の内側の上昇路16iへ噴出される。その後、冷媒は、上下仕切板18の第1通過口18diを介して上循環部17の風下側の上昇路17dへと導かれる。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について、図8Aと図8Bと図8Cと図8Dと図8Eとを用いて説明する。空気調和機1の全体構成及び熱交換器5は第1実施形態と同様であるので、それらの説明は省略する。なお図8Aにおいて、ヘッダ12の扁平管が積層される方向から見た断面図を、図8Bと図8Cと図8Dと図8Eとに示す。
ヘッダ22について以下説明するが、左右一対に設けられたヘッダ22のうち左側のヘッダ22を用いて説明する点、またヘッダ22に対し、後述する下仕切板261で区画されるヘッダ22内の扁平管11側(図中、右側)を内側、その反対側(図中、左側)を外側と説明する点、また、後述する上仕切板274について図中の上側を風上、その反対側を風下(図中、下側)という点、図8Aにおいてフィン111を省略している点は、第1実施形態と同様である。
以上のような構成において、冷媒は、図8Aの矢印に示すようにヘッダ22内部を循環しつつ、下部扁平管群11d及び上部扁平管群11uの各扁平管11へ分流されていく。すなわち、冷媒は、まず、流入板25の風下側かつ内側の噴出孔251を介して冷媒流入部24から下循環部26の内側の上昇路26iへ噴出される。その後、冷媒は、上下仕切板28の第1通過口28diを介して上循環部27の風下側かつ内側の上昇路27diへと導かれる。なお、図8Cでは、流入板25の風上側かつ内側に別の噴出孔252を設けた例を示しているが、これは第2実施形態として不可欠なものではなく、下循環部26への冷媒の噴出を促進する必要がある場合に設ければよい。
上記のような熱交換器としたことから、第1実施形態は、扁平管11ごとの冷媒の分流を均一化し、扁平管11内の風上側と風下側における冷媒の状態の不均一を改善し、下循環部16の下降路16o(冷媒の戻り空間)に滞留した液冷媒の扁平管11への偏流を抑制することができる。
2…室内機
3…室外機
4…熱交換器(室内)
5…熱交換器(室外)
6…圧縮機
11…扁平管、11d…下部扁平管群、11u…上部扁平管群
111…フィン
12…ヘッダ(第1実施形態)
13…流入管
14…冷媒流入部
15…流入板
151…噴出孔(オリフィス)
16…下循環部、16i…内側の上昇路、16o…外側の下降路
161…下仕切板
163…下連通路
17…上循環部、17d…風下側の上昇路、17u…風上側の下降路
172…上連通路
174…上仕切板
18…上下仕切板、18di…第1通過口、18ui…第1閉鎖部、18uo…第2通過口、18do…第2閉鎖部
22…ヘッダ(第2実施形態)
24…冷媒流入部
25…流入板
251…噴出孔(オリフィス)
26…下循環部、26i…内側の上昇路、26o…外側の下降路
261…下仕切板
263…下連通路
27…上循環部、27di…風下側かつ内側の上昇路、27u…風上側の下降路、27do…風下外側の下降路
272…上連通路
274…上仕切板、274x…第1仕切部、274y…第2仕切部
28…上下仕切板、28di…第1通過口、28ui…第1閉鎖部、28uo…第2通過口、28do…第2閉鎖部
R…液冷媒
Claims (4)
- 内部を流れる冷媒の流れ方向に垂直となる方向に積層された複数の扁平管と、
前記複数の扁平管の一方の端部が接続された中空のヘッダと、
前記ヘッダの内部で冷媒流入部とその上方の下循環部を区画する流入板と、
前記ヘッダの内部で前記下循環部とその上方の上循環部を区画する上下仕切板と、
前記下循環部を内側の上昇路と外側の下降路に前記扁平管が積層される方向に平行に延びる下仕切板と、
前記流入板と前記下仕切板との間で前記下循環部の上昇路と下降路を連通する下連通路と、
前記上循環部を風下側の少なくとも一部に設けられた上昇路と少なくとも風上側に設けられた下降路に前記扁平管が積層される方向に平行に延びる上仕切板と、
前記上循環部の上昇路と下降路を連通する上連通路と、を備え、
前記流入板は、冷媒を噴出する噴出孔を風下側かつ内側に有し、
前記上下仕切板は、冷媒を通過させる第1通過口を風下側かつ内側に、冷媒を通過させる第2通過口を少なくとも風上外側にそれぞれ有する、ことを特徴とする熱交換器。 - 前記流入板の前記噴出孔は、断面視において、前記下仕切板と前記複数の扁平管の一端部側との間に位置することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱交換器。
- 前記下循環部の前記下仕切板は、その下端が最下段の扁平管よりも下方に位置することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱交換器。
- 前記上仕切板は、前記上循環部の内側で風上と風下を分ける第1仕切部と、前記上循環部の風下側で外側と内側を分ける第2仕切部とによって断面がL字状となるよう形成され、前記上昇路が風下側かつ内側に、前記下降路が風上側及び風下外側に仕切られることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱交換器。
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JP2015068623A (ja) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-13 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 熱交換器および空気調和装置 |
JP2015127618A (ja) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-09 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 熱交換器および空気調和装置 |
JP2017155992A (ja) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-07 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 熱交換器及び空気調和機 |
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EP3951286A4 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
AU2020255434A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
JP6693588B1 (ja) | 2020-05-13 |
EP3951286B1 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
AU2020255434B2 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
US20220196335A1 (en) | 2022-06-23 |
JP2020165570A (ja) | 2020-10-08 |
CN113661367B (zh) | 2022-09-09 |
US11846472B2 (en) | 2023-12-19 |
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