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WO2019014976A1 - 聚硅氮烷作为涂层在炊具上的应用 - Google Patents

聚硅氮烷作为涂层在炊具上的应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019014976A1
WO2019014976A1 PCT/CN2017/095993 CN2017095993W WO2019014976A1 WO 2019014976 A1 WO2019014976 A1 WO 2019014976A1 CN 2017095993 W CN2017095993 W CN 2017095993W WO 2019014976 A1 WO2019014976 A1 WO 2019014976A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polysilazane
coating
cookware
pot
curing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/095993
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
伍尚华
刘炳耀
欧剑华
Original Assignee
广东工业大学
广东万事泰集团有限公司
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Application filed by 广东工业大学, 广东万事泰集团有限公司 filed Critical 广东工业大学
Publication of WO2019014976A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019014976A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/025Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/04Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay the materials being non-metallic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05DPROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2518/00Other type of polymers
    • B05D2518/10Silicon-containing polymers
    • B05D2518/12Ceramic precursors (polysiloxanes, polysilazanes)

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of application of polysilazane on cookware, and particularly relates to the application of polysilazane on the inner and/or outer surface of the cookware as a non-stick coating, a hydrophobic oleophobic coating, and a scratch-resistant coating.
  • a layer, a high temperature resistant coating, and a stain resistant coating are examples of a layer, a high temperature resistant coating, and a stain resistant coating.
  • Pots made of metal materials such as cast iron and stainless steel are common cooking tools in life, but they are prone to sticking and scorching during use, which not only affects the taste of the food being cooked, but also produces some health benefits. Unfavorable substances, the food sticking to the pot also brings great inconvenience to the cleaning of the pot.
  • the common non-stick coating material is PTFE, but the strength of PTFE is not enough, it is easy to peel off and damage, so it is not recommended to use shovel for cooking during cooking, but even if you do not use shovel Cooking, after a period of use, the Teflon coating is also easy to peel off and damage, which greatly affects the life of the pan.
  • the heat resistance of polytetrafluoroethylene is poor, and the general use temperature cannot exceed 250 ° C. After a period of use, the polytetrafluoroethylene coating is easily damaged by high temperature.
  • PTFE contains fluorine, and there is some controversy about whether there is a hidden danger to human health during the use of non-stick pan.
  • non-stick coatings that are not fluorine-containing, but these non-fluorinated non-stick coatings do not really solve the problem of non-stickiness. Therefore, no matter whether the fluorine-containing non-stick coating or the fluorine-free non-stick coating, the problem of non-stickiness and safety can be truly solved.
  • the new material of polysilazane can solve these problems. Applying polysilazane to the pot can make the pot have non-stick properties, and the polysilazane also has high temperature resistance. It is resistant to scratches and will not fall off, and truly solves the problem of non-stick and safety of the pan.
  • polysilazane As a coating, generally, polysilazane is used as a ceramic coating, a heat-resistant coating, etc., and no reports have been found about polysilazane as a non-stick material, nor A report on the application of polysilazane as a non-stick material to a non-stick pan was found.
  • the invention provides the application of polysilazane, in particular the application of polysilazane in a non-stick pan, coating polysilazane on As a non-stick coating on the non-stick pan, it can make the non-stick pan truly achieve non-stick performance, and also ensure the safety of the use process; the polysilazane is applied as a coating on other cookware, and can also be used as Hydrophobic oleophobic coatings, scratch-resistant coatings, high-temperature coatings and stain-resistant coatings give the cookware the ability to be hydrophobic, scratch-resistant and stain-resistant.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a polysilazane application, the polysilazane is applied as a coating on a cookware, in particular, the polysilazane is applied as a non-stick coating in a pot
  • the polysilazane is applied to the lid as a hydrophobic oleophobic coating.
  • the cookware comprises a pot body, a lid, a spatula, a spoon, a gas cooker, a cutter, a knife holder, and the like.
  • the cookware may include various cookware used in the kitchen, such as various pots and lids, such as pots and lids of rice cookers, pots and lids of pressure cookers, frying pans, woks, etc., various shovels and Spoons, such as colanders, soup spoons, rice spoons, etc.; knives and tool holders, such as fruit knives, kitchen knives and other commonly used tools.
  • the polysilazane is applied to the pot body to form a non-stick coating on the pot body, which can make the pot body have non-stick property, improve the safety and convenience of the pot body, and can also make the pot
  • the body has the characteristics of high heat resistance temperature, high strength, scratch resistance and high adhesion, which greatly improves the quality and service life of the pot body.
  • the polysilazane is applied to the lid of the pot to form a hydrophobic oleophobic coating on the lid, which can disperse the water vapor formed during the cooking process, thereby better observing the cooking condition of the food in the pot.
  • the polysilazane is coated on other cookware to form a polysilazane coating on the surface of the cookware, thereby imparting hydrophobic oleophobic, scratch and stain resistance to the cookware, improving the scratch resistance and self-cleaning of the cookware. ability.
  • the cookware is made of glass, stainless steel, aluminum alloy or cast iron.
  • the polysilazane can be applied to various common cookware, and the cookware material is preferably glass, stainless steel, aluminum alloy and cast iron, but those skilled in the art can apply polysilazane to cookware of various materials according to the actual situation.
  • the surface gives the cookware a new level of performance.
  • the polysilazane is applied to the cookware as one or more of a non-stick coating, a hydrophobic oleophobic coating, a scratch resistant coating, a high temperature resistant coating, and a stain resistant coating.
  • Polysilazane can be applied to cookware as a variety of coatings, giving the cookware various excellent properties and improving the quality of the cookware.
  • the polysilazane coating has a thickness of from 20 to 60 um.
  • the polysilazane coating can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the polysilazane coating can have a thickness of 20-50 um, and the polysilazane coating can have a thickness of 20-40 um, polysilazane coated.
  • the thickness may be 30-50 um, and the thickness of the polysilazane coating may be 20-40 um.
  • the invention also provides a method for applying polysilazane to a cookware, comprising the following steps:
  • a polishing step is further included before the washing step for polishing the surface of the cookware to smooth the surface of the cookware.
  • the sanding process in the conventional coating method can be omitted, and the labor can be reduced to further improve. Production efficiency can also reduce environmental pollution problems caused by the sanding process.
  • the polishing step may also be included before the cleaning step, and a person skilled in the art may add a polishing step before the cleaning step for polishing the surface of the cookware to make the surface of the cookware smooth and flat, so that the cookware is more beautiful.
  • the coating means employed includes spraying, wiping, vibrating, and roller coating.
  • the means of curing comprises natural curing and sintering curing.
  • a suitable curing method according to actual needs, such as the time of curing and the material of the cookware.
  • the curing step in the coating method used may be a natural curing method, and the coating method is briefly described as follows: the glass lid is cleaned and dried, and the polysilazane is used. It is applied to a glass lid and cured at room temperature to form a lid with a coated polysilazane coating.
  • the natural curing temperature is 20-35 ° C, the time is 36-60 h; the sintering curing temperature is 100-450 ° C, and the sintering curing time is 10-120 min.
  • the natural curing is carried out at a normal temperature, the natural curing time is 48 h; the sintering curing temperature is 100-150 ° C, the time is 1-2 h; the sintering curing temperature is 150-200 ° C, the time is 40-60 min; sintering The curing temperature is 250-300 ° C, the time is 20-30 min; the sintering curing temperature is 300-400 ° C, the time is 15-20 min; the sintering curing temperature is 400-450 ° C, and the time is 10-15 min.
  • the sprayed coating is a polysilazane liquid resin, which is a polymer which alternates between silicon and nitrogen atoms to form a basic skeleton for ceramics, metals, glass and most organic materials. It has excellent adhesion, high hardness and excellent heat resistance. Therefore, the pot coated with the polysilazane coating has the advantages of high heat resistance temperature, high strength, scratch resistance, high adhesion, etc., and also has non-stick properties, improving the convenience and safety of the use process. .
  • the coating of the pot after the application of the polysilazane is transparent and flat, and is not only aesthetically pleasing but also excellent in performance. Since the conventional non-stick non-stick coating is black, in the present application, the coated polysilazane coating is transparent, not only has non-stick properties, but also has a smooth appearance and can be clearly seen. The metallic luster of the pot provides an aesthetic and safety.
  • the present invention proposes to apply polysilazane to a non-stick pan. Since polysilazane has the advantages of non-stickiness, high heat resistance temperature, high strength, scratch resistance, high adhesion, etc., it is coated on In the pot body, the pot body can be imparted with non-sticking and scratch resistance.
  • the polysilazane is applied to the inner surface of the lid, and since the polysilazane is hydrophobic and oleophobic, it can be shaped during cooking. The water vapor is dispersed around, which can better observe the cooking of the food in the pot. Therefore, in actual production, polysilazane can be applied to the pot body and/or the lid as needed.
  • the invention applies polysilazane to a cookware, and the polysilazane has the following structural formula:
  • R1, R2 and R3 may be the same or different and may be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or vinyl; the alkyl group may be methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl or isopropyl Base, n-butyl or sec-butyl; the aryl group is phenyl or o-tolyl.
  • n is a value such that the average molecular weight of the polysilazane is from 300 to 80,000 g/mol, and more preferably, n is a value such that the polysilazane has an average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 30,000 g/mol.
  • the polysilazane is a perhydropolysilazane.
  • Polysilazane is an inorganic polymer in which a main chain has a Si-N bond as a repeating unit. Polysilazane has ultra-high hardness, hardness up to 9H+, and has excellent heat resistance. The highest heat-resistant temperature can reach 1800 °C. When polysilazane is heated to a minimum of 450 °C, the polymer will eventually be converted into inorganic. Ceramic (SiOx), inorganic ceramics have extremely high hardness (9H) and high heat resistance (up to 1800 °C). Polysilazane has excellent adhesion to ceramics, metals, glass and most organic materials.
  • polysilazane When polysilazane is used as a coating, it can be made into a low surface energy, which can be used as antifouling, easy to clean and easy to take off. Mold coating. In addition, polysilazane also has excellent corrosion resistance. According to ISO7253, the aluminum coated with organopolysilazane coating is still non-corrosive after 2400 hours of salt spray test. According to ISO 6270, the organopolysilazane coating is applied. The steel still has no corrosion after 2400 hours of condensate testing.
  • the organopolysilazane When the organopolysilazane is heated to a minimum of 450 ° C, the polymer will eventually be converted to inorganic ceramic SiOx. Inorganic ceramics have extremely high hardness (9H+) and ultra high heat resistance (1800 °C). Therefore, polysilazane is widely used in varnish formulations to provide excellent weather resistance, UV resistance, corrosion resistance, stain resistance, scratch resistance and heat resistance.
  • Organic polysilazane materials are comparable to traditional filming used in the coatings industry in a wide range of applications and offer significant performance advantages in certain areas.
  • the coating system for organic polysilazane applications exhibits excellent performance, long life and excellent adhesion to the substrate.
  • polysilazane has excellent properties and can be applied in various fields, such as: 1) industrial coatings; 2) binders, used as binders for ceramics, metals, glass, organic materials; 3) used as Ceramic prepolymers, such as ceramic binders, ceramic matrix composites, metal matrix composites and ceramic fibers; 4) composites and coatings such as polyurethane, silicone, epoxy and acrylic.
  • Polysilazane can be divided into organopolysilazane (OPSZ) and inorganic polysilazane (PHPS).
  • organopolysilazane When a silicon atom is bonded to a hydrocarbon substituent, it is called an organopolysilazane; when all the substituents are As a hydrogen atom, the polymer is called inorganic polysilazane (PHPS).
  • the invention can be used either organic polysilazane (OPSZ) or inorganic polysilazane (PHPS). Different types of polysilazane are selected depending on the specific choice of coating required. Among them, the main performance comparison between organopolysilazane and inorganic polysilazane is shown in the following table:
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the invention proposes to apply polysilazane as a coating on a cookware, and since the coated polysilazane has excellent properties, the coated pot body has strong heat resistance. Sex, the highest heat-resistant temperature up to 1800 ° C, safe to use; with ultra-high hardness, hardness up to 9H +, scratch resistance, so avoid the use of shovel to leave scratches when cooking; has excellent adhesion, pot body After long-term use, it will not cause peeling and peeling of the coating, which greatly prolongs the service life of the pot; the coated pot has strong anti-fouling ability, excellent self-cleaning ability, easy cleaning, and excellent Anti-corrosion performance, no corrosion after 2400 hours salt spray test, no corrosion after 2400 hours of condensed water test; coated polysilazane coating is transparent, so the coated pot It not only has aesthetics, safety and excellent performance; the coated lid has hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, which can make the water vapor formed during cooking disperse around, which can
  • coating polysilazane on other cookware can impart hydrophobicity, scratch resistance and stain resistance to the cookware, improve the scratch resistance and self-cleaning ability of the cookware; apply polysilazane to the cookware
  • the method is simple and easy to operate, and the sanding process of the conventional coating method can be omitted, the labor can be reduced to further improve the production efficiency, and the environmental pollution problem and the noise problem caused by the sanding process can be reduced.
  • the polysilazane used in the present invention may be a polysilazane supplied by Merck or Anzhi.
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to a stainless steel pot.
  • the polysilazane is applied as a non-stick coating on a stainless steel pot, and the method of applying the polysilazane to the pot includes the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the inner surface of the stainless steel pot to make the inner surface smooth and flat;
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to an aluminum alloy pot.
  • the polysilazane is applied as a non-stick coating on an aluminum alloy pot, and the method of applying polysilazane to the pot includes the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the inner surface of the aluminum alloy pot to make the inner surface smooth and flat;
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to a cast iron pot.
  • the polysilazane is applied as a non-stick coating on a cast iron pot, and the method of applying the polysilazane to the pot includes the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the inner surface of the cast iron pot to make the inner surface smooth and flat;
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to a stainless steel pot.
  • the polysilazane is applied as a non-stick coating on a stainless steel pot, and the method of applying the polysilazane to the pot includes the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the inner surface of the stainless steel pot to make the inner surface smooth and flat;
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to an aluminum alloy pot.
  • the polysilazane is applied as a non-stick coating on an aluminum alloy pot, and the method of applying polysilazane to the pot includes the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the inner surface of the aluminum alloy pot to make the inner surface smooth and flat;
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to a glass lid.
  • the polysilazane is applied as a hydrophobic oleophobic coating on a glass lid, and the method of applying polysilazane to a glass lid comprises the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the inner surface of the glass lid to make the inner surface smooth and flat
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to a spatula.
  • the method of applying polysilazane to a spatula includes the following steps:
  • polishing polishing the surface of the spatula to make the surface smooth and flat
  • the polysilazane coating has the properties of hydrophobic oleophobic coating, scratch resistance, non-sticking and the like.
  • This example is the application of polysilazane to a spoon.
  • the polysilazane coating has the properties of hydrophobic oleophobic coating, scratch resistance, self-cleaning and the like.
  • This embodiment is to apply polysilazane to a gas stove.
  • the method of applying polysilazane to a gas cooker is the same as that of the method of Example 7.
  • the polysilazane coating has the properties of hydrophobic oleophobic coating, scratch resistance, self-cleaning and the like.
  • This embodiment is a use effect of a non-stick pan coated with polysilazane.
  • the non-stick pan coated with polysilazane produced by the present invention was distributed to 150 households as an experience, and 150 households respectively used the non-stick pan for various cooking. After use, it was found that the cooking process was not sticky. The phenomenon occurs, and the good flavor of the cooked food can be maintained, and after one year of use, the polysilazane coating does not fall off and scratches.
  • the pot body coated by the method of Examples 1-5 not only has non-stick properties, but also has a high heat resistance temperature.
  • the lid prepared in the example has hydrophobicity and oleophobicity, and is convenient for observing the cooking condition of the food in the pot.
  • the various cookwares prepared in Examples 7-9 have excellent properties such as hydrophobic oleophobic coating, scratch resistance, self-cleaning and the like. All kinds of pots produced can meet the requirements of LGA test, EN_12938 dry burn test, LFGB test, FDA test and salt spray test.

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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

提供了聚硅氮烷作为涂层在炊具上的应用,将聚硅氮烷涂覆在炊具的内表面和/或外表面上,作为不粘涂层、疏水疏油涂层、耐划痕涂层、耐高温涂层和耐污涂层中的一种或多种。形成的聚硅氮烷涂层是透明的,因此涂覆后的炊具不仅具有美观性、安全性还具有优异的性能,其还具有极强的耐热性,最高耐热温度可达1800℃,使用过程安全;具有超高硬度,硬度可达9H+,耐划痕、防污能力强,易清洗,和优异的防腐蚀性能;涂覆后的锅盖具有疏水性和疏油性,能更好地观察锅内食物的烹饪情况;将聚硅氮烷应用于炊具上的方法简单易操作,可以省略常规涂覆方法的打砂工序,提高了生产效率,也减少了由打砂工序带来的环境污染问题和噪音问题。

Description

聚硅氮烷作为涂层在炊具上的应用 技术领域
本发明属于聚硅氮烷在炊具上的应用领域,具体涉及将聚硅氮烷应用在炊具的内表面和/或外表面上,作为不粘涂层、疏水疏油涂层、耐划痕涂层、耐高温涂层和耐污涂层中的一种或多种。
背景技术
铸铁、不锈钢等金属材料的锅是生活中常用的烹饪工具,但在使用过程中容易出现粘锅和烧焦等现象,这不仅会影响所烹饪的食物的味道,而且还会产生一些对人体健康不利的物质,粘在锅具上的食物也给锅具的清洗带来了很大的不便。
市场上,常见的不粘锅涂层采用的材料是聚四氟乙烯,但聚四氟乙烯的强度不够,容易剥落和损坏,因此在烹饪过程不建议使用铁铲烹饪,但即便不使用铁铲烹饪,在使用一段时间后,聚四氟乙烯涂层也容易剥落和损坏,这大大影响了锅具的使用寿命。此外,聚四氟乙烯的耐热性能差,一般使用温度不能超过250℃,经过使用一段时间,聚四氟乙烯涂层容易因为高温而损坏。此外,聚四氟乙烯含有氟,氟在不粘锅使用过程中是否会对人体健康存在隐患,也有一些争议。
也有一些不粘锅涂层是不含氟的,但是这些不含氟的不粘锅涂层没有能真正解决不粘的问题。因此不管含氟的不粘锅涂层还是不含氟的不粘锅涂层,都没有能真正解决不粘和安全性的问题。但申请人意外发现聚硅氮烷这种新材料可以解决这些问题,将聚硅氮烷涂覆于锅具上,可以使锅具具有不粘的性能,且聚硅氮烷也具有耐高温性、耐划痕,不会脱落等性能,真正解决锅具的不粘和安全性的问题。
此外,厨房中会产生一些油烟,放在厨房中的炊具容易落上油烟,而这些油烟清洗也比较困难,会产生比较繁重的清洁工作。申请人意外发现将聚硅氮烷这种新材料涂覆于炊具的表面可以提高炊具的耐污性,大大减少厨房的清洁工作。
虽然也有将聚硅氮烷作为涂料的各种相关报道,但一般是将聚硅氮烷作为陶瓷涂料、耐热涂料等,还没有发现有关于聚硅氮烷作为不粘材料的报道,也没有发现将聚硅氮烷作为不粘锅材料涂覆于不粘锅上的报道。
因此,申请人意外发现了聚硅氮烷的这种性能,并首次提出了聚硅氮烷在炊具中的应用,特别是聚硅氮烷在不粘锅中的应用,赋予炊具不粘、疏水疏、耐刮痕和耐污性能,大大提高了炊具的使用寿命和自清洁能力,为不粘锅的不粘涂层提供了一种新的材料。
发明内容
本发明提供了聚硅氮烷的应用,特别是聚硅氮烷在不粘锅中的应用,将聚硅氮烷涂覆于 不粘锅上作为不粘涂层,能使不粘锅真正实现不粘的性能,同时还保证了使用过程的安全性;将该聚硅氮烷作为涂层应用在其它炊具上,还可以作为疏水疏油涂层、耐划痕涂层、耐高温涂层和耐污涂层等,赋予炊具疏水疏、耐刮痕和耐污等性能。
本发明采用的技术方案是:一种聚硅氮烷的应用,将所述聚硅氮烷作为涂层应用在炊具上,特别是,将所述聚硅氮烷作为不粘涂层应用在锅体上和将聚硅氮烷作为疏水疏油涂层应用在锅盖上。
作为优选地,所述炊具包括锅体、锅盖、锅铲、勺子、煤气灶、刀具和刀架等。炊具可以包括厨房中使用的各种炊具,比如各种锅体和锅盖,例如电饭锅的锅体和锅盖、高压锅的锅体和锅盖、煎锅、炒锅等、各种铲子和勺子,例如漏勺、汤勺、饭勺等;刀具和刀架,例如水果刀、菜刀等常用的刀具。
采用聚硅氮烷涂覆于锅体上,使在锅体上形成不粘涂层,可以使锅体具有不粘的性能,提高了锅体使用时的安全性和方便性,还可以使锅体具有耐热温度高、强度高、耐划痕、高附着力的特点,大大提高了锅体的质量和使用寿命。
将聚硅氮烷涂覆于锅盖上,在锅盖上形成疏水疏油涂层,可以使烹饪过程中形成的水蒸气向四周散去,能更好地观察锅内食物的烹饪情况。
将聚硅氮烷涂覆于其它炊具上,可以使炊具表面形成聚硅氮烷涂层,从而赋予炊具疏水疏油、耐刮痕和耐污等性能,提高了炊具的耐刮性能和自清洁能力。
作为优选地,炊具的材质为玻璃、不锈钢、铝合金或铸铁。聚硅氮烷可以涂覆于常见的各种炊具上,炊具材料优选为玻璃、不锈钢、铝合金和铸铁,但是本领域技术人员可以根据实际,将聚硅氮烷涂覆于各种材料的炊具的表面,赋予炊具全新的性能。
作为优选地,所述聚硅氮烷应用在炊具上作为不粘涂层、疏水疏油涂层、耐划痕涂层、耐高温涂层和耐污涂层中的一种或多种。
可以将聚硅氮烷涂覆于炊具中作为各种涂层,赋予炊具各种优异的性能,提高炊具的质量,
作为优选地,聚硅氮烷涂层的厚度为20-60um。聚硅氮烷涂层可以根据实际需要进行调整,例如,聚硅氮烷涂层的厚度可以为20-50um,聚硅氮烷涂层的厚度可以为20-40um,聚硅氮烷涂层的厚度可以为30-50um,聚硅氮烷涂层的厚度可以为20-40um。
本发明还提供了聚硅氮烷在炊具上的应用方法,包括以下步骤:
1)清洗:将炊具清洗,然后烘干;
2)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷涂覆在清洗后的炊具的表面上;
3)固化:将涂覆后的炊具固化,然后在炊具表面上形成涂层。
作为优选地,在清洗步骤前还包括抛光步骤,用于将炊具表面抛光,使炊具表面光滑平整。
由于聚硅氮烷具有很强的附着力,不要求炊具的内表面具有一定的粗糙度才可以涂覆上去,因此可以省略了常规涂覆方法中的打砂工序,既可以减少劳动力以进一步提高生产效率,也可以减少由打砂工序带来的环境污染问题。
在清洗步骤前还可以包括抛光步骤,本领域技术人员可以根据需要,在清洗步骤前加入抛光步骤,用于将炊具表面抛光,使炊具表面光滑平整,使锅具更加美观。
作为优选地,步骤3)中,涂覆聚硅氮烷时,采用的涂覆方式包括喷涂、擦涂、振涂和滚涂。
作为优选地,步骤4)中,固化的方式包括自然固化和烧结固化。本领域技术人员可以根据实际的需要,例如固化的时间和炊具的材料,选择合适的固化方式。例如,锅盖是玻璃锅盖时,采用的涂覆方法中的固化步骤可以为自然固化的方式,这时涂覆的方法简述如下:将玻璃锅盖清洗干净并干燥,将聚硅氮烷涂覆于玻璃锅盖上,将其放在常温下固化,即可形成带有涂覆聚硅氮烷涂层的锅盖。
作为优选地,步骤4)中,自然固化的温度是20-35℃,时间是36-60h;烧结固化的温度为100-450℃,烧结固化的时间为10-120min。
优选的,自然固化在常温下进行,自然固化的时间为48h;烧结固化的温度为100-150℃,时间为1-2h;烧结固化的温度为150-200℃,时间为40-60min;烧结固化的温度为250-300℃,时间为20-30min;烧结固化的温度为300-400℃,时间为15-20min;烧结固化的温度为400-450℃,时间为10-15min。
涂覆是一个重要的处理过程,所以要求喷涂车间必须是一个无尘车间,涂覆在锅具上的涂料必须均匀,从而赋予锅具良好的性能。在本申请中,喷涂的涂料为聚硅氮烷(polysilazane)液体树脂,聚硅氮烷是由硅和氮原子交替形成基本骨架的聚合物,其对陶瓷、金属、玻璃和大部分有机材料都具有优异的附着力,具有超高的硬度和极强的耐热性。因此,喷涂了聚硅氮烷涂层的锅体具有耐热温度高、强度高、耐划痕、高附着力等优点,同时还具备不粘的性能,提高了使用过程的方便性和安全性。
此外,涂覆聚硅氮烷后的锅具的涂层是透明、平整的,不仅美观且性能优异。由于常规的不粘锅的不粘涂层是黑色的,而本申请中,涂覆上的覆聚硅氮烷涂层是透明的,不仅具备不粘的性能,而且美观平整,能清楚看到锅具的金属光泽,提供了一种美观性和安全性。
特别地,本发明提出将聚硅氮烷应用于不粘锅上,由于聚硅氮烷具有不粘、耐热温度高、强度高、耐划痕、高附着力等优点,将其涂覆于锅体中,可以赋予锅体不粘、耐划痕等性能。而将聚硅氮烷涂覆于锅盖内表面,由于聚硅氮烷具有疏水性和疏油性,可以使烹饪过程中形 成的水蒸气向四周散去,能更好地观察锅内食物的烹饪情况。因此,在实际生产中,可根据需要将聚硅氮烷涂覆于锅体和/和锅盖上。
本发明将聚硅氮烷应用于炊具上,所述聚硅氮烷具有以下结构式:
[R1R2Si-NR3]n
其中,R1、R2和R3可以相同或不同,可以是氢、烷基、芳基或乙烯基;所述烷基可以为甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丙基、正丁基或仲丁基;所述芳基是苯基或邻甲苯基。n是使聚硅氮烷的平均分子量为300至80000g/mol的值,更优选的,n是使聚硅氮烷的平均分子量为1000至30000g/mol的值。
优选的,所述聚硅氮烷是全氢聚硅氮烷。
聚硅氮烷是一类主链以Si-N键为重复单元的无机聚合物。聚硅氮烷具有超高硬度,硬度可达9H+,具有极强的耐热性,最高耐热温度可达1800℃,当聚硅氮烷加热至最低450℃时,聚合物将最终转化为无机陶瓷(SiOx),无机陶瓷具有极高的硬度(9H)和超高的耐热性(最高耐温达1800℃)。聚硅氮烷对陶瓷、金属、玻璃和大部分有机材料都有优异的附着力,当聚硅氮烷用作涂料时,可制成具有低表面能,可用作防污易清洗、易脱模的涂料。此外,聚硅氮烷也具有优异的耐腐蚀性能,按照ISO7253,涂布有机聚硅氮烷涂料的铝材经过2400小时盐雾测试仍无腐蚀,按照ISO 6270,涂布有机聚硅氮烷涂料的钢材经过2400小时冷凝水候测试仍无腐蚀。
当有机聚硅氮烷被加热至最低450℃时,聚合物将最终转化为无机陶瓷SiOx。无机陶瓷具有极高的硬度(9H+)和超高耐热性(1800℃)。因此聚硅氮烷广泛用于清漆配方中,发挥其出色的耐候、耐紫外光、防腐蚀、耐脏污、耐刮擦和耐热等特性。
有机聚硅氮烷材料在众多应用领域都可以媲美涂料行业使用的传统成膜,并在某些领域有着显著的性能优势。有机聚硅氮烷应用的涂层系统,显示出优良的性能、更长的使用寿命和对底材的优异附着力。
聚硅氮烷的应用具有优异的性能,其可以应用于各个领域,例如:1)工业涂料;2)粘结剂,用作陶瓷、金属、玻璃、有机材料的粘结剂;3)用作陶瓷前聚体,如陶瓷粘结剂、陶瓷基复合材料、金属基复合材料和陶瓷纤维;4)复合材料与涂料,如聚氨酯、有机硅、环氧和丙烯酸。
聚硅氮烷可以分为有机聚硅氮烷(OPSZ)和无机聚硅氮烷(PHPS),当硅原子与烃类取代基连结时,则称为有机聚硅氮烷;当所有取代基均为氢原子,则聚合物称为无机聚硅氮烷(PHPS)。本发明既可以采用有机聚硅氮烷(OPSZ),也可以采用无机聚硅氮烷(PHPS),可 根据所需要的涂层的具体选择,选取不同种类的聚硅氮烷。其中,有机聚硅氮烷与无机聚硅氮烷的主要性能对比如下表所示:
Figure PCTCN2017095993-appb-000001
本发明的有益效果是:本发明提出了将聚硅氮烷作为涂层应用在炊具上,由于涂覆的聚硅氮烷具有优异的性能,因此涂覆后的锅体具有极强的耐热性,最高耐热温度可达1800℃,使用过程安全;具有超高硬度,硬度可达9H+,耐划痕,因此可避免使用铁铲烹饪时而留下划痕;具有优异的附着力,锅体在长时间使用后,也不会造成涂层的剥离与脱落,大大延长了锅体的使用寿命;涂覆后的锅体防污能力强,具有优异的自清洁能力,易清洗,还具有优异的防腐蚀性能,经过2400小时盐雾测试无腐蚀现象产生,经过2400小时冷凝水候测试也无腐蚀现象产生;涂覆后的聚硅氮烷涂层是透明的,因此涂覆后的锅体不仅具有美观性、安全性还具有优异的性能;涂覆后的锅盖具有疏水性和疏油性,可以使烹饪过程中形成的水蒸气向四周散去,能更好地观察锅内食物的烹饪情况;将聚硅氮烷涂覆于其它炊具上,可以赋予炊具疏水疏、耐刮痕和耐污等性能,提高了炊具的耐刮性能和自清洁能力;将聚硅氮烷应用于炊具上的方法简单易操作,可以省略常规涂覆方法的打砂工序,既可以减少劳动力以进一步提高生产效率,也可以减少了由打砂工序带来的环境污染问题和噪音问题。
具体实施方式
本发明采用的聚硅氮烷的可以是由默克公司(Merck)或安智公司提供的聚硅氮烷。
实施例1
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在不锈钢锅体上。
将聚硅氮烷作为不粘锅涂层应用在不锈钢锅体上,将聚硅氮烷应用在锅体的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将不锈钢锅体内表面抛光,使其内表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将不锈钢锅体清洗,然后烘干;
2)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷喷涂在清洗后的不锈钢锅体的内表面上,喷涂的涂层厚度为20um;
3)固化:将喷涂后的不锈钢锅体置于温度为100℃的高温炉中烧结2h,从而在不锈钢锅体内表面上形成不粘锅涂层。
实施例2
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在铝合金锅体上。
将聚硅氮烷作为不粘锅涂层应用在铝合金锅体上,将聚硅氮烷应用在锅体的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将铝合金锅体内表面抛光,使其内表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将铝合金锅体清洗,然后烘干;
3)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷擦涂在清洗后的铝合金锅体内表面上,涂层厚度为25um;
4)固化:将擦涂聚硅氮烷后的铝合金锅体置于常温25℃下,固化48h,从而在铝合金锅体内表面上形成不粘锅涂层。
实施例3
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在铸铁锅体上。
将聚硅氮烷作为不粘锅涂层应用在铸铁锅体上,将聚硅氮烷应用在锅体的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将铸铁锅体内表面抛光,使其内表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将铸铁锅体清洗,然后烘干;
3)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷振涂在清洗后的铸铁锅体内表面上,涂层厚度为30um;
4)固化:将擦涂聚硅氮烷后的铸铁锅体置于温度为180℃的高温炉中烧结40min,从而在铸铁锅体内表面上形成不粘锅涂层。
实施例4
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在不锈钢锅体上。
将聚硅氮烷作为不粘锅涂层应用在不锈钢锅体上,将聚硅氮烷应用在锅体的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将不锈钢锅体内表面抛光,使其内表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将不锈钢锅体清洗,然后烘干;
3)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷滚涂在清洗后的不锈钢锅体内表面上,涂层厚度为40um;
4)固化:将滚涂聚硅氮烷后的不锈钢锅体置于温度为250℃的高温炉中烧结25min,从 而在不锈钢锅体内表面上形成不粘锅涂层。
实施例5
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在铝合金锅体上。
将聚硅氮烷作为不粘锅涂层应用在铝合金锅体上,将聚硅氮烷应用在锅体的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将铝合金锅体内表面抛光,使其内表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将铝合金锅体清洗,然后烘干;
3)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷滚涂在清洗后的铝合金锅体内表面上,涂层厚度为50um;
4)固化:将滚涂聚硅氮烷后的铝合金锅体置于温度为350℃的高温炉中烧结15min,从而在铝合金锅体内表面上形成不粘锅涂层。
实施例6
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在玻璃锅盖上。
将聚硅氮烷作为疏水疏油涂层应用在玻璃锅盖上,将聚硅氮烷应用在玻璃锅盖的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将玻璃锅盖内表面抛光,使其内表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将玻璃锅盖清洗,然后烘干;
3)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷喷涂在清洗后的玻璃锅盖表面上,喷涂的涂层厚度为20um;
4)固化:将喷涂聚硅氮烷后的锅盖放置在常温下自然固化60h,从而在玻璃锅盖内表面上形成疏水疏油涂层。
实施例7
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在锅铲上。
将聚硅氮烷应用在锅铲的方法包括以下步骤:
1)抛光:将锅铲表面抛光,使其表面光滑平整;
2)清洗:用纯净水或去离子水将锅铲清洗,然后烘干;
3)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷喷涂在清洗后的锅铲表面上,喷涂的涂层厚度为30um;
4)固化:将喷涂聚硅氮烷后的锅铲放置在常温下自然固化60h或放置在温度为350℃的高温炉中烧结15min,从而在锅铲内表面上形成聚硅氮烷涂层。
该聚硅氮烷涂层具有疏水疏油涂、耐划痕、不粘等性能。
实施例8
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在勺子上。
将聚硅氮烷应用在勺子上的方法与实施例7的方法相同。
形成聚硅氮烷涂层具有疏水疏油涂、耐划痕、自清洁等性能。
实施例9
本实施例为将聚硅氮烷应用在煤气灶上。
将聚硅氮烷应用在煤气灶上的方法与实施例7的方法相同。
形成聚硅氮烷涂层具有疏水疏油涂、耐划痕、自清洁等性能。
实施例10
本实施例为涂覆有聚硅氮烷的不粘锅的使用效果。
将本发明生产的涂覆有聚硅氮烷的不粘锅,分配给150个家庭作为使用体验,150个家庭分别使用该不粘锅进行各种烹饪,使用后,发现烹饪过程没有粘锅的现象发生,能保持烹饪的食物的良好风味,且使用1年后,该聚硅氮烷涂层没有脱落、刮痕的现象发生。
采用实施例1-5的方法涂覆的锅体不仅具有不粘的性能,涂覆的锅体还有耐热温度高、
强度高、耐划痕、自清洁能力、高附着力的特点,大大延长锅体的使用性能和使用寿命,实施例制备的锅盖具有疏水性和疏油性,便于观察锅内食物的烹饪情况。实施例7-9制备的各种炊具具有疏水疏油涂、耐划痕、自清洁等优异的性能。生产的各类锅具均能符合LGA测试、EN_12938干烧测试、LFGB测试、FDA测试和盐雾测试规定的结果。
将实施例1-5制备的涂覆有聚硅氮烷的锅具进行性能检测,所得结果如下表所示。
Figure PCTCN2017095993-appb-000002

Claims (10)

  1. 一种聚硅氮烷的应用,其特征在于,将所述聚硅氮烷作为涂层应用在炊具上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚硅氮烷的应用,其特征在于,所述炊具包括锅体、锅盖、锅铲、勺子、煤气灶、刀具和刀架。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的聚硅氮烷的应用,其特征在于,炊具的材质为玻璃、不锈钢、铝合金或铸铁。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的聚硅氮烷的应用,其特征在于,所述聚硅氮烷应用在炊具作为不粘涂层、疏水疏油涂层、耐划痕涂层、耐高温涂层和耐污涂层中的一种或多种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的聚硅氮烷的应用,其特征在于,聚硅氮烷涂层的厚度为20-60um。
  6. 聚硅氮烷在炊具上的应用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    1)清洗:将炊具清洗,然后烘干;
    2)涂覆:将聚硅氮烷涂覆在清洗后的炊具的表面上;
    3)固化:将涂覆后的炊具固化,然后在炊具表面上形成涂层。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的应用方法,其特征在于,在清洗步骤前还包括抛光步骤,用于将炊具表面抛光,使炊具表面光滑平整。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的应用方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,涂覆聚硅氮烷时,采用的涂覆方式包括喷涂、擦涂、振涂和滚涂。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的应用方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,固化的方式包括自然固化和烧结固化。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的应用方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,自然固化的温度是20-35℃,时间是36-60h;烧结固化的温度为100-450℃,烧结固化的时间为10-120min。
PCT/CN2017/095993 2017-07-20 2017-08-04 聚硅氮烷作为涂层在炊具上的应用 WO2019014976A1 (zh)

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CN110452615B (zh) * 2019-08-30 2022-01-28 广东工业大学 一种耐高温不粘涂层及其制备方法
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CN114308574B (zh) * 2021-12-23 2023-04-07 清华大学 用于不粘锅的涂层及其制备方法、用于不粘锅的复合层及不粘锅
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