WO2019073067A1

WO2019073067A1 - Reciprocating pump having a force control element

Info

Publication number: WO2019073067A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/077961
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerhard Winiger
Original assignee: Gerhard Winiger
Priority date: 2017-10-13
Filing date: 2018-10-12
Publication date: 2019-04-18
Also published as: EP3695119A1; CH714237A1; EP3695119B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a reciprocating pump (1) for pumping pump material. The reciprocating pump (1) comprises a main body (2), a first chamber (3), a second chamber (4) and a piston (5) which is moveable relative to the main body (2) and to the first chamber (3). The first chamber (3) comprises a first chamber opening (10) for filling the first chamber (3) with pump material from outside the reciprocating pump (1) and the second chamber (4) comprises a second chamber opening (12) for filling the second chamber (4) with pump material from the first chamber (3). The reciprocating pump (1) comprises a pump outlet (8) through which the pump material can exit the second chamber (4). The reciprocating pump (1) comprises a force control element (14, 15) for forced control of the second chamber opening (12) by means of the piston (5), wherein in a first pump configuration the second chamber opening (12) is configured to be impenetrable to the pump material as a result of the force control element (14, 15), and wherein in a second pump configuration the second chamber opening (12) is configured to be penetrable to the pump material as a result of the force control element (14, 15).

Description

PISTON PUMP WITH FORCED CONTROL UNIT

The invention relates to the field of piston pumps. By piston pump is meant a reciprocating pump, also called Hubverdrängerpumpe. A piston pump has a piston which can be reciprocated along a straight displacement path to pump a pumping material. The invention relates to a piston pump according to the preamble of the corresponding independent claim. Piston pumps are widely used and known in various designs. For example, rotary pumps for pumping water are widely used in places without power. Also bicycle pumps are usually a piston pump.

Known piston pumps have the disadvantage that clogged in pump material with higher viscosity than water and / or in inhomogeneous pump material (for example, emulsions) no longer work efficiently and / or a flow rate of the piston pump varies greatly and thus the piston pump works imprecise. Known piston pumps can also crust and / or stick to locations that are essential for pumping, for example if the pumping material is adhesive and / or to interact with the piston pump (physically and / or chemically).

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a piston pump of the type mentioned, which at least partially solves at least one of the disadvantages mentioned above.

This object is achieved by a piston pump having the features of the corresponding independent patent claim. Advantageous embodiments may be taken from the dependent claims, the description and / or the figures.

The piston pump according to the invention for pumping pumping material comprises a main body, a first chamber, a second chamber and a piston movable relative to the main body and relative to the first chamber. The first chamber comprises a Erstkammeröffnung to a filling of the first chamber with pumping material from outside the piston pump. And the second chamber includes a second chamber opening for filling the second chamber with pumping material from the first chamber. In addition, the piston pump comprises a pump outlet from which pump material is able to escape from the second chamber from the piston pump. The piston pump also includes a positive control element for positive control passage of the second chamber opening through the piston. In this case, in a first pump configuration, the second chamber opening is configured impenetrable due to the positive control element for the pump material. And in a second pumping configuration, the second chamber opening is penetrably configured due to the positive control element for the pumping material.

The positive control element mechanically controls the configuration of the second chamber opening in response to a position and / or movement of the piston. The positive control element transmits on mechanical Route energy of the piston to at least one other element of the piston pump to control the configuration of the secondary chamber opening.

A positive control element can act by pressure and in particular exclusively by pressure. A positive control element can also act by train and in particular exclusively by train. A combination of pressure and tension is possible.

A positive control element comprises, for example, two mutually acting driver.

The positive control element may comprise levers, linkage and / or wire ropes or other flexible elements. Optionally, the piston pump comprises a dimensionally stable, separately formed and relative to the second chamber movable second closure element. This second closure element is arranged covering the second chamber opening due to the positive control element in the first pumping configuration and offset from the second chamber opening due to the positive control element in the second pumping configuration.

In particular, the second closure element can divide the first chamber into two subvolumes separated from one another for the pumping material. The pumping configuration thus provides by the forced control a relative position of at least a part of the piston pump relative to the second chamber opening, and as a result thereof also a state or a configuration of the second chamber opening. The second chamber opening is configured impermeable to the pumping material in the first pumping configuration, in other words closed to the pumping material when due to the positive control element at least a part of the piston pump closes the second chamber opening. For example, the second chamber opening is closed when the second closure element covers it. In the first pumping configuration, therefore, the filling of the second chamber with pumping material from the first chamber is prevented.

The second chamber opening is penetrably configured in the second pumping configuration, in other words open, when the second chamber opening is configured to be free from closure by at least a portion of the piston pump due to the positive control element. For example, the second chamber opening is open when the second closure element is arranged offset to the second chamber opening. In the second pump configuration, the filling of the second chamber with pumping material from the first chamber is therefore possible. The piston pump generally has one and the same pumping configuration as the piston moves in a certain direction along a displacement path of the piston. "Substantially" in this context means that the forced-control element, when changing from one pump configuration to another pumping configuration, controls and effects a change in the configuration of the second-chamber opening, which may take some time and a certain length of movement of the piston along its displacement path During this period of configuration change of the second chamber opening, the piston pump does not yet have the otherwise (essentially) always assumed pumping configuration. In other words, the piston pump always has the same pumping configuration with a movement in a certain direction of the piston except for a first movement span (a certain length of movement of the piston) for a configuration change, if necessary, the configuration change of the second chamber opening, so a phase during a Change from one pumping configuration to another pumping configuration is also referred to as a switching phase.

A range of motion for the configuration change of the second closure element is for example at most 20% of a maximum length of the displacement path of the piston. In particular, the range of motion for the change of configuration of the second closure element amounts to a maximum of 15% of a maximum length of the displacement path of the piston. The range of motion can amount to a maximum of 10% of a maximum length of the displacement path of the piston for the configuration change of the second closure element.

For example, the pressure of the piston pump (a movement of the piston in the direction of the main body of the piston pump, ie a poking of the piston in the main body) always essentially the first pumping configuration, and train (a movement of the piston in the direction of the body away, ie pulling the piston out of the main body) is essentially always the second pumping configuration.

The driver optionally encompassed by the piston can be formed directly on the piston. The drivers can also be designed as an indirect driver, so be designed as a driver mechanism, which comprises a remote from the piston positioned driver, which transmits the piston movement at all times identical. The optional second closure element essentially always abuts the same carrier in a specific direction of movement of the piston. "Essentially" is to be understood analogously to the above definition with regard to the pump configuration.

"Offset" means that one part of the piston pump and in particular the second closure element leaves the second chamber opening uncovered and thus open Second closure element is then spaced from the second chamber opening. The part of the piston pump and in particular the second closure element may be spaced parallel to the displacement path of the piston from the second chamber opening, perpendicular to the displacement path or in a combination of parallel and perpendicular to the displacement path.

The second chamber opening is formed stationary to the second chamber. Optionally, the second chamber opening is formed invariably in size and / or shape. A pump flow path for a pumping flow of the pumping material through the piston pump extends from outside the piston pump through the first chamber opening into the first chamber, then through the second chamber opening into the second chamber and finally out through the pump outlet from the piston pump. The positive control element thus controls the pumping flow of the pumping material from the first chamber into the second chamber, for example by the positively controlled second closure element.

For example, on the driver of the piston, the second closure element is positively controlled by the piston. The second closure element can be designed as a dragging element, so in this case it is dragged along by the piston via the drivers.

This piston pump has the advantage that the positive control element mechanically forwards a force of the piston and at least partially begins to change the configuration of the second chamber opening. In particular, a part of the piston pump, for example, the second closure element, is moved when opening and closing the second chamber opening as a whole and undeformed. The part of the piston pump which can be used for closing the second chamber opening, for example the second closure element, can therefore be made, for example, of metal, Plastic, a composite material or other hard and resistant materials may be formed.

Such a part of the piston pump, for example the second closure element, can endure and exert correspondingly high forces, which may be sufficient, for example, for releasing encrustations and / or adhesions. Even with highly viscous pumping material, the second chamber opening can be reliably and completely opened due to the positive control element. The same applies analogously to inhomogeneous pumping material. This makes the piston pump robust, reliable and precise. With a certain piston movement, predefined pumping volumes can be pumped reproducibly and with high accuracy.

The piston pump has few items. The piston pump is simple. This makes the piston pump stable and allows for quick, easy and inexpensive manufacturing. Also, maintenance, revision and repair are simple, efficient and cost effective.

Further embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Optionally, the piston pump comprises a dimensionally stable, separately formed and relative to the main body movable first chamber element. In this case, the first-chamber element comprises the first-chamber opening. In a first Erstkammerkonfiguration is a part of the piston pump, in particular the main body, which is arranged offset to the Erstkammeröffnung, and in a second Erstkammerkonfiguration the part of the piston pump, in particular the main body, the Erstkammeröffnung is arranged covering.

With a first-chamber configuration, a configuration of the first-chamber opening is designated, that is, a state of the first-chamber opening. For example, means Erstkammerkonfiguration a relative position of the Erstkammerelements to a part of the piston pump (approximately to the main body).

The Erstkammeröffnung is open when a part of the piston pump, in particular the main body, is arranged offset to the first chamber element, ie in the first Erstkammerkonfiguration. In the first Erstkammerkonfiguration the filling of the first chamber with pumping material from outside the piston pump through the Erstkammeröffnung is therefore possible. The first chamber opening is closed when a part of the piston pump, in particular the main body, covers the first chamber opening in the first chamber element, ie in the second first chamber configuration. In the second Erstkammerkonfiguration so filling the first chamber with pumping material from outside the piston pump is prevented.

The piston pump essentially always has one and the same first-chamber configuration when the piston moves in a specific direction along a displacement path of the piston. "Substantially" means analogously the same as described above for the pump configuration.

For example, the piston pump generally always has the first pump configuration when pressurized, and essentially always the second pump configuration at train.

In particular, the pressure of the piston pump is always substantially the same as the first pumping configuration and the first first-chamber configuration, and generally always the second pumping configuration and the second first-chamber configuration at train.

The Erstkammeröffnung is fixed to the first chamber formed. Optionally, the first chamber opening is formed invariably in size and / or shape. The first-chamber element thus controls the pump flow of the pump material from outside the piston pump into the first chamber.

The first chamber element is at least partially controlled via a pressure caused by a piston movement on the pumping material in the first chamber. The first-chamber element can be designed as a dragging element, in this case it is entrained via pressure in the pumping material.

Optionally, the piston pump comprises a first chamber forced control, which controls the first chamber element zw.

The Erstkammerzwangssteuerung controls a movement of the Erstkammerelements and thus the position of the Erstkammerelements. The first chamber forced control thus controls the configuration of the first chamber opening. The Erstkammerzwangs- control is adapted to exert a force on the first chamber element, by which the first chamber element can be moved from the first Erstkammerkonfiguration in the second Erstkammerkonfiguration and vice versa.

For example, the first-chamber forced control comprises a movable mechanical connection between the first-chamber element and the first-chamber forced control. The Erstkammerzwangssteuerung can be attached to the body.

In particular, the first chamber forced control comprises a first chamber forced control piston whose movement is coupled to the movement of the first chamber element.

The Erstkammerzwangssteuerung causes by force on the first chamber element a reliable configuration change of Erstkammerelements. The force effect of the Erstkammerzwangssteuerung on the Erstkammerelement allows the Erstkammerelement, high resistance of the Pump material and / or a foreign body to overcome. Resistors to a configuration change of the first chamber element, such as by encrustation, high viscosity and / or lumping of the pumping material can be overcome by the Erstkammerzwangssteuerung.

The piston pump optionally comprises at least one drive and in particular exactly one drive.

The piston pump can also be designed to be free from a drive, wherein connection is provided for a drive.

Optionally, the piston pump is designed such that a drive for the piston of the piston pump also drives the Erstkammerzwangssteuerung. Whether or not the piston pump comprises at least one drive does not matter for this feature.

The piston of the piston pump can be moved by a pneumatic drive, whereby this pneumatic drive also drives the first chamber positive control simultaneously.

The piston of the piston pump can be moved by an electric drive, this electric drive simultaneously driving the first-chamber positive control as well.

Accordingly, the piston pump can be designed such that the same drive drives both the piston and the first chamber forced control. A coupling of the movements of piston and Erstkammerzwangssteuerung may be formed. Alternatively, the piston of the piston pump and the first-chamber positive control can have mutually independent drives.

Analogous to the second closure element, the first chamber element is dimensionally stable, separately formed and movable relative to the associated opening. The same advantages as described above for the piston pump with the second closure element also apply to the first chamber element.

For this reason, a piston pump comprising both the second closure element and the first chamber element is robust, reliable and operates precisely.

Optionally, the second chamber comprises, in addition to the second chamber opening, also a second chamber counter-opening for filling the second chamber with pump material from the first chamber.

The second chamber counter orifice is also positively controlled, such as by the same forced control element as the second chamber orifice. For example, in the first pump configuration, the second closure element abuts against the first carrier and is offset from the second chamber counter-opening, and in the second pump configuration, the second closure element abuts the second carrier and the second chamber opening is disposed to cover.

The second chamber counter-opening is open or alternately opened or covered alternately to the second chamber opening. The term "counter-opening" does not designate a position, but merely serves to distinguish the counter-opening from the opening. Through the second chamber opening, the second chamber can be filled double-acting with pumping material from the first chamber, ie at pressure and at train of the piston. Optionally, the first-chamber element comprises not only the first-chamber opening but also a first-chamber counter-opening for filling the first chamber with pump material from outside the piston pump. In this case, in the first first-chamber configuration, a part of the piston pump, in particular the main body, covering the Erstkammergegenöffnung and thus arranged schliessend, and in the second Erstkammerkonfiguration part of the piston pump, in particular the base body, offset from the Erstkammergegenöffnung arranged, whereby the Erstkammergegenöffnung is open.

In other words, Erstkammergegenöffnung is opened or covered alternately to Erstkammeröffnung. Again, the term "counter-opening" designates no position, but only serves to distinguish the counter-opening of the opening.

Due to the first-chamber opening, the first chamber can be filled with double-acting pumping material from outside the piston pump, that is to say under pressure and when the piston is pulled.

Optionally, the base body comprises a first stop for a first end of the first-chamber element and a second stop for a second end of the first-chamber element arranged opposite the first end. In this case, the first-chamber element between the first stop and the second stop is designed to be movable parallel to a displacement track of the piston. In particular, the Erstkammeröffnung is disposed in a region at the first end of the Erstkammerelements and the Erstkammergegenöffnung, if one such is present, arranged in a region at the second end of the first-chamber element.

Optionally, the first-chamber element is designed as an outer wall of the first chamber and delimits the first chamber from pumping material located outside the piston pump.

Optionally, the first chamber is arranged stationary to the first chamber element. This means that the first chamber is moved together with the first chamber element.

In particular, the first chamber is designed to be movable relative to the main body.

Alternatively, the first chamber is formed stationary to the main body. In this case, the total volume of the first chamber is increased or decreased by a movement of the first chamber member.

Optionally, in the first pump configuration as well as in the second pump configuration, the first-chamber element is in contact with the second closure element or a part which is always substantially moved along with the piston.

Due to the contact closure between the first-chamber element and the second closure element or the part which is always substantially co-moving with the piston, the force and movement of the piston on the first-chamber element can be at least partially transmitted via static friction and / or sliding friction. In this case, the Erstkammeröffnung is also forcibly controlled in dependence of the piston. In this way, a change in the configuration of the Erstkammeröffnung and possibly also the Erstkammergegenöffnung be accelerated and / or facilitated. Optionally, therefore, the configuration of the Erstkammeröffnung forcibly controlled by the piston, in particular indirectly by the positive control element.

The already mentioned above optional first chamber compulsory control for the positive control of Erstkammeröffnung can be used alternatively or in combination with the indirect positive control by the static friction and / or sliding friction of the piston with the Erstkammerelement.

Optionally, the first chamber has a shape of a hollow cylinder. This hollow cylinder encloses a displacement path of the second chamber at least partially.

By a first chamber in the form of a second chamber in all configurations at least partially enclosing hollow cylinder, the piston pump can be made compact.

Optionally, the second chamber is arranged stationary to the piston.

Optionally, the second chamber is disposed within the piston.

Optionally, the piston is designed as a hollow cylinder whose cavity forms the second chamber. In particular, the hollow cylinder of the piston is arranged concentrically to the hollow cylinder of the first chamber. With a second chamber, which is encompassed by the piston, the piston pump can be made compact.

Optionally, the piston pump comprises a sealing element. The sealing element is designed to seal relative to each other movable parts of the piston pump. This means that a sealing element between relatively movable parts prevents passage of pumping material between these parts.

For example, a sealing element between the first chamber element and the base body is arranged.

For example, a sealing element is arranged between the first-chamber element and the second closure element.

For example, a sealing element between the second closure element and piston is arranged. In particular, a sealing element on plastic or rubber.

A sealing element can make the piston pump work more efficiently, especially with low viscosity pumping material. When using a sealing element, the piston pump can be made of less precisely manufactured and therefore inexpensive to produce components without the effect of the piston pump suffers.

The subject matter of the invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Each show schematically:

1 shows a section through a first embodiment of the piston pump in

Side view;

Figure 2 is a section through a second embodiment of the piston pump in

Side view, at pressure; FIG. 3 shows the piston pump from FIG. 2 in the switching phase from pressure to tension;

FIG. 4 shows the piston pump of FIG. 2 in tension;

Figure 5 shows a third embodiment of the piston pump in plan view, with drawn lines A-A and B-B;

6 shows a section through the piston pump from FIG. 5 along section line A--

A, at train;

FIG. 7 shows a section through the piston pump from FIG. 5 along section line B--

B, at train.

Basically, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

The designations left, right, bottom and top refer to the drawing plane of the figures.

FIG. 1 shows a section through a first embodiment of the piston pump 1 in side view. The piston pump 1 is designed as a single-acting piston pump 1. Single-acting means that only in a direction of movement of the piston 5 (either under pressure or in tension) can pump material escape from the pump outlet 8 - in this first embodiment in tension. The piston pump 1 comprises a main body 2 and a piston 5, which is movable relative to the main body 2 in two opposite directions of movement: on the base body 2 to or into it (this direction of movement is called pressure), and away from the main body 2 or out of this (this direction of movement is called train).

The base body 2 is formed in its lower part, which is immersed in the pump material, largely rotationally symmetrical about a displacement track 9 of the piston 5. For the sake of simplicity, some are Elements in this sectional drawing of Figure 1 only provided on the left side with reference numerals, some only on the right side.

The displacement track 9 of the piston lies on a central longitudinal axis of the base body 2. The base body 2 can be fastened to a vessel comprising the pumping material, which is indicated in FIG. 1 with elements extending to the right and left from FIG. The main body 2 forms a first stop 16 and a second stop 17, between which a first chamber element 7 can be moved back and forth. In this case, the base body 2, the first chamber element 7 in this movement parallel to the displacement track 9 of the piston 5 and limits this movement through the stops 16, 17. The first chamber element 7 is formed as a hollow cylinder and is arranged concentrically to the displacement path 9 of the piston 5. In a region at its upper end, the first-chamber element 7 has first-chamber openings 10 (in FIG. 1, two first-chamber openings 10 are visible due to the cut).

FIG. 1 shows the piston pump 1 under pressure on the piston 5, which is represented by a thick, downwardly pointing arrow. The switching phase is already over, and the piston pump 1 is in the first Erstkammerkonfiguration. This means that the first-chamber element 7 rests on the second stop 17 of the main body 2 arranged at the bottom. The upper end of the Erstkammerelements 7 is sufficiently far away from the top, first stop 16 of the base body 2 that the Erstkammeröffnungen 10 are arranged offset from the base body 2 and therefore open. Pump material can therefore pass from outside the piston pump 1 through the open Erstkammeröffnungen 10 in the first chamber 3. The first chamber 3 is disposed within the Erstkammerelements 7 and is formed stationary relative to the base body 2. By a movement of the first chamber 3 limiting Erstkammerelements 7, the first chamber 3 is reduced (at pressure) or increased (at train). The piston 5 is formed as a hollow cylinder, and the hollow interior of the piston 5 forms the second chamber 4 from. The first chamber 3 is formed between the first chamber element 7 and the piston 5 arranged therein. In the area of the stops 16, 17 for the first chamber element 7, the main body 2 is designed as a guide of the piston 5 for its movement along its displacement track 9. To put it simply, in the piston pump 1, the following elements are arranged concentrically around the displacement path 9 of the piston from the outside inwards: main body 2, first chamber element 7, first chamber 3, piston 5, second chamber 4. All of these mentioned elements are made of metal and sealed with exceptions of the openings described against each other.

The piston 5 has at its lower end a plurality of second chamber openings 12 (analogous to the Erstkammeröffnungen 10 are shown in Figure 1 only two of them). These first-chamber openings 10 can be closed by a second closure element 6 by the second closure element 6, the second chamber openings 12 is arranged covering. This is the case in Figure 1, the piston pump 1 is in the first pumping configuration. In this case, the second closure element 6 rests against an upper, first driver 14 and closes the second chamber openings 12.

The second closure element 6 is designed as a ring made of metal, which can be moved between the first driver 14 and the second driver 15 back and forth. The two drivers 14, 15 are rigidly attached to the piston 5 and cause a positive control of the second closure element 6. The first driver 14 and second driver 15 are thus the concrete embodiments of the positive control element. The second closure element 6 is always in contact with both the piston 5 and the first chamber element 7. The second closure element 6 separates the first chamber 3 into two different ones Areas and seals them off so that pumping material can not pass from one area to the other.

In Figure 1, therefore, the first embodiment of the piston pump 1 is shown at pressure on the piston 5. In this case, the upper region of the first chamber 3 can be filled with pumping material through the first-chamber openings 10. The second chamber 4, however, is separated from the first chamber 3 by closed second chamber openings 12 for a passage of pumping material. After switching to train the piston pump 1 is then in train on the piston 5 in another situation: in the second pump configuration (the second closure element 6 is at the bottom, second driver 15, whereby the second chamber openings 12 are opened and pumping material from the upper, in the second Erstkammerkonfiguration (the first chamber element 7 is located at the top, first stop 16 of the body 2, whereby the main body 2, the Erstkammeröffnungen 10 covers and closes). In this configuration in train, the piston pump 1 can now pump the pumping material from the closed against the first chamber first chamber 3 through the second chamber openings 12 in the second chamber 4 and finally through the pump outlet 8 from the piston pump 1 addition.

In the figures 2 to 4, a second embodiment of the piston pump 1 is shown, again as a section and in side view. This piston pump 1 is designed as a double-acting piston pump 1. Double acting means that in both directions of movement of the piston 5 (both at pressure and at train) pumping material is able to escape from the pump outlet 8 and thus out of the piston pump 1. This piston pump 1 is shown in Figure 2 at pressure on the piston 5 and in Figure 3 in the switching phase of pressure to train. In Figure 4, this piston pump 1 is shown in train on the piston 5. The second embodiment of Figures 2 to 4 differs from the first embodiment in Figure 1 in that the Erstkammerelement 7 in addition to the arranged at its upper end Erstkammeröffnungen 10 additionally arranged at its lower end Erstkammergegenöffnungen 11 and the piston 5 arranged next to the top Second chamber openings 12 additionally arranged at the bottom second chamber counter openings 13 has. In addition, the first chamber 3 is limited by the Erstkammerelement 7 both up and down, whereby the first chamber 3 remains the same size both in pressure and train and in the switching phases, but is moved relative to the base body 2. The first chamber 3 is formed here fixed to the first chamber element 7.

In this case, the first-chamber counter-openings 11 are arranged on the first-chamber element 7 and relative to the main body 2 in such a way that they are configured opposite to the first-chamber openings 10 (or, in other words, are configured to be mutually alternating). That is, the first chamber counter openings 11 are closed in the first first-chamber configuration and open in the second first-chamber configuration. The same applies to the second-chamber counter-openings 13 and the second-chamber openings 12. The second-chamber counter-openings 13 are opened in the first pump configuration and closed in the second pump configuration. In this way, in the second embodiment, the piston pump 1 can convey pump material from the pump outlet 8 both in tension and in pressure (or in other words double-acting). The lower region of the first chamber 3 is also used for pumping pump material: the lower region of the first chamber 3 is filled alternately with the upper region of the first chamber 3 with pumping material, and the pump material is then pumped into the second chamber 4 and finally through the pump outlet 8 ,

The pumping flow of the pumping material is indicated by arrows in FIG. 2: the piston pump 1 in FIG. 2 is under pressure in the same configuration the piston 5 as the piston pump 1 in Figure 1 (first pump configuration, first Erstkammerkonfiguration). The upper region of the first chamber 3 is filled with pumping material through the open first-chamber openings 10 (the second-chamber openings 12 are covered and closed by the second closure element 6). The lower region of the first chamber 3 is closed to the outside (first chamber counter-openings 11 covered by the main body 2) but opened towards the second chamber 4 (the second closure element 6 is arranged offset to the second chamber counter-openings 13, the latter being opened), whereby the pump material from the lower region the first chamber 3 is pumped into the second chamber 4 and finally from the pump outlet 8.

3 shows the second embodiment of the piston pump 1 in the switching phase to train on the piston 5 shown: the piston pump 1 is already in the second pumping configuration, so the second closure element 6 is already at the lower, second driver 15 (which the second chamber openings 12th leaves open and the Zweitkammergegenöffnungen 13 closes), but at the same time still in the first Erstkammerkonfiguration, so the Erstkammerelement 7 is still at the lower second stop 17 of the body 2 (whereby the Erstkammeröffnungen 10 is opened and the Erstkammergegenöffnungen 11 are closed). Thus, in this switching phase, pumping material from the upper region of the first chamber 3 is briefly moved both directly out of the piston pump 1 and into the second chamber 4. Due to the increasing negative pressure in the lower region of the first chamber 3 and due to the friction between the second closure element 6 and an inner side of the Erstkammerelements 7 but the Erstkammerelement 7 will move up to the first stop 16 of the base body 2 and thus move into the second Erstkammerkonfiguration what then the switching phase ends. Thereafter, the piston pump 1 is in the configuration in train on the piston, shown in Figure 4. The pumping flow of the pumping material is again indicated by arrows in FIG. 4: the piston pump 1 in FIG. 4 is in the configuration under tension on the piston 5 (second pump configuration, second first-chamber configuration). The lower area of the first chamber 3 is filled with pumping material from the outside of the first chamber counter openings 11 from outside the piston pump 1 (the second chamber counter openings 13 are covered and closed by the second closure element 6). The upper area of the first chamber 3 is closed to the outside (first chamber openings 10 covered by the base body 2) but opened towards the second chamber 4 (the second closure element 6 is arranged offset to the second chamber openings 12, the latter are thus opened), whereby the pump material from the upper area the first chamber 3 is pumped into the second chamber 4 and finally from the pump outlet 8. The switching phase from train to pressure is not shown in any figure, but takes place accordingly in reverse order to the switching phase of pressure on train. The forcibly controlled by the drivers 14, 15 second closure element 6 changes its configuration first (from the second to the first pumping configuration), which puts the piston pump 1 in the switching phase of train to pressure. Thereafter, the first chamber member 7 changes its configuration (from the second into the first first-chamber configuration), and after the change of the first-chamber configuration, the piston pump 1 is again in the configuration shown in FIG. 2 under pressure on the piston 5. In FIG. 5, a third embodiment is shown the piston pump 1 shown in plan view. In FIG. 5, sectional lines AA and BB are shown. The third embodiment of the reciprocating pump 1 differs from the second embodiment mainly in that the third embodiment of the reciprocating pump 1 includes a first chamber constraint controller 20. The First Chamber positive control 20 is better seen in Figures 6 and 7, where the third embodiment of the piston pump 1 is shown in side view as a section.

Figure 6 is a section through the piston pump 1 of Figure 5 along section line A-A, wherein the piston pump 1 is shown in train. FIG. 6 shows the piston pump 1 in a section analogous to FIG. 4 and differs from FIG. 4 mainly by the first chamber forced control 20. The first chamber forced control 20 is fastened to the first chamber element 7 extended towards the top (in the direction of the pump outlet 8) and can therefore generate a force exert the Erstkammer- element 7, whereby the Erstkammerzwangssteuerung 20 can move the Erstkammerelement 7.

The Erstkammerzwangssteuerung 20 is clearly visible in Figure 7. Figure 7 is a section through the piston pump of Figure 5 along the section line B-B, also shown at train. The Erstkammerzwangssteuerung 20 is fixed to the base body 2 and comprises two Erstkammerzwangssteuerungskolben 21, which can be moved pneumatically driven parallel to the displacement track 9 of the piston 5 of the piston pump 1 relative to the base body 2. The Erstkammerzwangssteuerung piston 21 are attached to the upwardly extended Erstkammerelement 7. By moving the Erstkammerzwangs- control piston 21, the first chamber element 7 is also moved. The pneumatic force acting on the first-chamber compulsory control piston 21 is mechanically transmitted to the first-chamber member 7, whereby the configuration change of the first-chamber member 7 is performed reliably and powerfully. The first chamber element 7 is positively controlled by the Erstkammerzwangssteuerung 20.

The piston 5 of the piston pump 1 is pneumatically driven (pressure and tension on the piston 5 is generated by pneumatic forces, not shown in the figures). The same pneumatic drive as for the piston 5 of Piston pump 1 also drives the first chamber forced control piston first chamber forced control 20.

Claims

Piston pump (1) for pumping pumping material, wherein the piston pump (1) comprises a base body (2), a first chamber (3), a second chamber (4) and a piston movable relative to the base body (2) and relative to the first chamber (3). 5), wherein the first chamber (3) comprises a first chamber opening (10) for filling the first chamber (3) with pumping material from outside the piston pump (1) and the second chamber (4) comprises a second chamber opening (12) for filling the second chamber ( 4) with pumping material from the first chamber (3), and wherein the piston pump (1) comprises a pump outlet (8) from which pumping material from the second chamber (4) is able to escape from the piston pump (1),

characterized in that

the piston pump (1) comprises a positive control element (14, 15) for forcing the second chamber opening (12) through the piston (5), wherein in a first pumping configuration the second chamber opening (12) is impermeabilely configured due to the positive control element (14, 15) for the pumping material and wherein in a second pumping configuration, the second chamber opening (12) is penetrably configured due to the positive control element (14, 15) for the pumping material.

Piston pump (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the

Piston pump (1) a dimensionally stable, separately formed and relative to

The first body element (7) comprises a first chamber opening (10) and is capable of assuming a first first chamber configuration in which the

The first chamber opening (10) is penetrable for the pumping material and is capable of assuming a second first-chamber configuration in which the first chamber opening (10) for the pumping material is configured impermeable. Piston pump (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second chamber (4) adjacent to the second chamber opening (12) and a Zweitkammer- gegenöffnung (13) for filling the second chamber (4) with pumping material from the first chamber (3) wherein in the first pumping configuration, the second chamber counter-orifice (13) is penetrably configured due to the pumping material forcing control member (14, 15), and in the second pumping configuration, the second-chamber orifice (12) is impermeabilely configured due to the pumping material forcing control member (14, 15) is.

Piston pump (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the Erstkammerelement (7) in addition to the Erstkammeröffnung (10) and a Erstkammergegenöffnung (11) for filling the Erstkammer (3) with pumping material from outside the piston pump (1), wherein in the first first chamber configuration, the first chamber counter-orifice (11) is configured to be impermeable to the pumping material, and wherein in the second first-chamber configuration, the first-chamber counter-orifice (11) is penetrably configured for the pumping material.

Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the piston pump (1) comprises a dimensionally stable, separately formed and relative to the second chamber (4) movable second closure element (6), which due to the positive control element (14, 15) in the first pump configuration, the second chamber opening (12) is arranged covering and arranged offset due to the positive control element (14, 15) in the second pumping configuration of the second chamber opening (12).

Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the base body (2) comprises a first stop (16) for a first end of the Erstkammerelements (7) and a second stop (17) for a second end of the first chamber element (7) arranged opposite the first end, wherein the first chamber element (7) is designed to be movable parallel to a displacement track (9) of the piston (5) between the first stop (16) and the second stop (17) In particular, the first chamber opening (10) in a region at the first end of

First chamber element (7) is arranged and the Erstkammergegenöffnung (11) is arranged in a region at the second end of the Erstkammerelements (7).

Piston pump (1) according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the first chamber element (7) in both the first pump configuration and in the second pump configuration in contact with the second closure element (6) or one with the piston (5) substantially always moving part stands.

Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first chamber (3) has a shape of a hollow cylinder which at least partially surrounds a displacement path of the second chamber (4).

Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the second chamber (4) within the piston (5) is arranged.

10. piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the piston (5) is designed as a hollow cylinder whose cavity forms the second chamber (4), and in particular the hollow cylinder of the piston (5) concentric with the hollow cylinder First chamber (3) is arranged.

11. Piston pump (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the piston pump (1) comprises a Erstkammerzwangssteuerang (20), which forcibly controls the Erstkammerelement (7).

12. Piston pump (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the piston pump (1) is designed such that a drive for the piston (5) of the piston pump (1) and the Erstkammerzwangssteuerung (20) drives.