WO2018033968A1 - 冷蔵庫 - Google Patents
冷蔵庫 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018033968A1 WO2018033968A1 PCT/JP2016/073977 JP2016073977W WO2018033968A1 WO 2018033968 A1 WO2018033968 A1 WO 2018033968A1 JP 2016073977 W JP2016073977 W JP 2016073977W WO 2018033968 A1 WO2018033968 A1 WO 2018033968A1
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- temperature
- time
- low temperature
- refrigerator
- chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
- F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerator having a function of bringing an object to be cooled into a supercooled state.
- the supercooled state means that the food is in a non-frozen state without starting freezing even if the food has reached the freezing point or lower.
- the supercooled state may be released due to impact or some factor, and ice crystals may be generated in the food. If the supercooled state is left released, the food freezes, and the quality of the food deteriorates due to cell damage caused by freezing.
- Patent Document 1 In order to avoid such a problem, a method has been proposed in which the temperature is periodically changed to melt ice crystals generated by releasing the supercooled state.
- Patent Document 1 after the supercooling operation in which the food is in a supercooled state, when the operation and stop of the cooling means by the temperature setting in the refrigeration operation is repeated at least once, the supercooling operation is started again.
- a refrigerator is disclosed. In the refrigerator of Patent Document 1, even when food freezes due to the supercooling operation, the food is completely frozen by performing the refrigeration operation at a set temperature higher than the set temperature of the supercooling operation. be able to.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a refrigerator that repeatedly performs a low-temperature process in which the set temperature in the refrigerator is set to a temperature lower than the freezing point of the food and a heating process in which the temperature is set to a temperature higher than the freezing point. ing. Even in the refrigerator of Patent Document 2, even if the supercooled state of the food is released in the low temperature process, and ice crystals are generated in the food and the freezing is started, by starting the temperature rising process at a predetermined timing, The ice crystals generated when the supercooling is released can be melted. Moreover, a supercooling state is implement
- the time for performing the refrigeration operation is a time for which the cycle in the normal refrigeration operation is repeated one or more times, the time for performing the supercooling operation, and the amount of heat at each operation.
- the relationship with is not considered. Therefore, for example, when the time for performing the refrigeration operation is too short with respect to the time for performing the supercooling operation, the ice crystals of the food cannot be sufficiently melted, and the freezing of the food proceeds.
- the time for performing the refrigeration operation is too long for the time for performing the supercooling operation, the average temperature during the storage period of the food becomes high, which may lead to a decrease in the quality of the food.
- the time for the low temperature process is set for the purpose of completely melting the ice crystals generated in the low temperature process.
- the latent heat Q1 released when changing from water to ice, the latent heat Q2 taken away from the water during the freezing process, and the heat Q3 given to the ice during the thawing process are Q3 ⁇
- the low temperature process time is set so as to satisfy the relationship of Q1 + Q2. This makes it possible to completely melt the ice crystals generated in the low-temperature process, but the heating process takes longer time, and the average temperature during the storage period of the food becomes higher than the freezing temperature as a result. May lead to a decrease in
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and maintains an object to be cooled in a state equivalent to a supercooled state and lowers the average temperature during the storage period of the object to be cooled.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator capable of preventing the object to be cooled from being completely frozen without adversely affecting the object to be cooled.
- the refrigerator according to the present invention is provided as a heat insulating box having a storage space partitioned into a plurality of storage chambers by a partition member and one of the storage chambers, and the object to be cooled is frozen at a temperature below the freezing point.
- a second temperature that is higher than the freezing point of the object to be cooled by controlling the cooling device and a cooling device that cools the storage space, and a cooling device that cools the storage space. From the first temperature to the first temperature lower than the freezing point in a preset time, and the second temperature is preset by raising from the first temperature to the second temperature.
- a control device that repeatedly performs the second step of maintaining the controlled time, wherein the control device has the freezing point and the low temperature chamber in a state where the inside temperature of the low temperature chamber is lower than the freezing point.
- the time integral value of the difference between the freezing point and the cold room temperature in the state where the cold room temperature is lower than the freezing point, and the cold room temperature are frozen. Since the time integral value of the difference between the freezing point and the inside temperature of the cold room in a state higher than the point is controlled to be balanced, the object to be cooled is frozen in the first step and the second step. It is possible to achieve a balance between the amount of time that is recognized and the amount of heat. Therefore, the refrigerator according to the present invention can maintain the object to be cooled in a state equivalent to the supercooled state and can reduce the average temperature during the storage period of the object to be cooled without adversely affecting the object to be cooled. The freezing of the object to be cooled can be prevented from being completed.
- the set temperature of the cold room, the internal temperature and the food temperature are shown over time, and when the object to be cooled is not released from overcooling It is a graph which shows an example. It shows the time-dependent change of the set temperature of the cold room, the temperature in the refrigerator, and the food temperature when the temperature control in the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention is performed, and when the object to be cooled is released from the supercooling It is a graph which shows an example.
- the temperature control in the comparative example is carried out, the set temperature of the low temperature chamber, the internal temperature and the food temperature are shown over time, and the heating process time is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2.
- FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing the appearance of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an internal configuration diagram schematically showing the internal configuration of the refrigerator compartment of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the dimensional relationship and shape of each component may differ from the actual ones.
- the positional relationship (for example, vertical relationship etc.) between each structural member in a specification is a thing when installing the refrigerator 1 in the state which can be used in principle.
- the refrigerator 1 includes a heat insulating box 90 having a front surface (front) opened and a storage space formed therein.
- the heat insulation box 90 includes a steel outer box, a resin inner box, and a heat insulating material filled in a space between the outer box and the inner box. Is done. However, there is no heat insulating material between the refrigerator compartment 100 and the vegetable compartment 200.
- the storage space formed inside the heat insulation box 90 is partitioned by a plurality of partition members 50 into a plurality of storage chambers in which objects to be cooled such as food are stored. As shown in FIGS.
- the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment includes a refrigerator room 100 arranged at the uppermost stage, a vegetable room 200 arranged below the refrigerator room 100, and a plurality of storage rooms, A lower freezer compartment 300.
- the kind and number of storage rooms with which the refrigerator 1 is provided are not limited to these.
- a rotary door 8 that opens and closes the opening is provided at the opening formed in the front surface of the refrigerator compartment 100.
- the door 8 of the refrigerator 1 of the present embodiment is a single opening.
- an operation panel 6 is built in the refrigerator compartment 100.
- the operation panel 6 includes an operation unit 61 for adjusting the set temperature of each storage room, and a display unit 62 for displaying the temperature of each storage room and inventory information in the warehouse. I have.
- the operation unit 61 includes, for example, an operation switch.
- the display unit 62 is configured by a liquid crystal display, for example.
- the operation panel 6 may be configured by a touch panel in which the operation unit 61 is integrally formed on the display unit 62.
- the vegetable compartment 200 and the freezer compartment 300 are opened and closed by drawer type doors 80 and 81, respectively, as shown in FIG. These drawer-type doors 80 and 81 slide in a depth direction of the refrigerator 1 by sliding a frame fixed to the door with respect to rails formed horizontally on the left and right inner wall surfaces of each storage room ( It can be opened and closed in the front-rear direction.
- a storage case 201 capable of storing an object to be cooled is stored in a freely retractable manner.
- the storage case 201 is supported by a door frame, and slides in the front-rear direction in conjunction with opening and closing of the door.
- storage cases 301 that can store foods and the like are stored in a freely retractable manner.
- the number of storage cases 201 and 301 provided in each storage room is one. However, in consideration of the capacity of the entire refrigerator 1, two or more storage cases and ease of organization are improved. It does not matter.
- a compressor 2, a cooler 3 (evaporator), a blower fan 4, and an air passage 5 are provided as a cooling device 19 that supplies cold air to each storage chamber.
- the compressor 2 and the cooler 3 constitute a refrigeration cycle together with a condenser (not shown) and an expansion device (not shown), and generate cold air to be supplied to each storage chamber.
- the cold air generated by the compressor 2 and the cooler 3 is blown to the air passage 5 by the blower fan 4 and is supplied from the air passage 5 through the damper to the freezer compartment 300 and the refrigerator compartment 100.
- the vegetable room 200 is cooled by the return cold air from the refrigerating room 100 being supplied through a refrigerating room return air passage (not shown).
- the cold air supplied to the vegetable room 200 is returned to the cooler 3 through a vegetable room return air passage (not shown).
- the refrigerating room 100 includes a door pocket 10 provided inside the door 8 and a shelf 11 that partitions the inside of the refrigerating room 100 into a plurality of spaces.
- the number of door pockets 10 and shelves 11 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 3, and one or more arbitrary numbers of door pockets 10 and shelves 11 can be provided.
- the lower part of the refrigerator compartment 100 is configured in two upper and lower stages, the upper part is formed with a chilled room 12 in which the internal temperature is maintained at 0 ° C. or higher, and the lower part is frozen at a temperature below the freezing point.
- a low temperature chamber 13 which is a supercooling control area for storing without being formed is formed.
- the air passage 5 on the back side of the refrigerator compartment 100 includes an air passage 5 a that sends cool air to the refrigerator compartment 100 and the chilled chamber 12, and an air passage 5 b that sends cool air to the low temperature chamber 13. It is divided.
- a damper 16 is provided in the air passage 5a, and a damper 17 is provided in the air passage 5b. The damper 16 and the damper 17 adjust the air volume of the cool air supplied to the refrigerator compartment 100 and the low temperature compartment 13.
- a temperature sensor 14 for detecting the temperature in the refrigerator compartment 100 is provided on the back surface of the refrigerator compartment 100, and a temperature for detecting the temperature in the cryogenic chamber 13 is provided on the back surface of the cryogenic chamber 13.
- a sensor 15 is provided.
- the temperature sensor 14 and the temperature sensor 15 are composed of, for example, a thermistor.
- a heater 18 is arranged in front of the lower region of the low temperature chamber 13 as a heating means for performing supercooling control or increasing the temperature inside the vegetable room 200.
- a partition plate 40 arranged in parallel with the partition member 50 is provided between the low temperature chamber 13 and the vegetable room 200 located below the low temperature chamber 13.
- the heater 18 is provided in a region surrounded by the partition plate 40 and the partition member 50.
- a region surrounded by the partition plate 40 and the partition member 50 is partitioned by a rib region 20 including one or a plurality of ribs protruding from the partition plate 40 or the partition member 50 in order to increase the heat generation density of the heater 18.
- a heater area in which the heater 18 is disposed and a still air region 30 are configured.
- the space defined by the rib region 20 is not limited to the two illustrated, and may be three or more.
- a control device 7 that controls the operation of the refrigerator 1 is provided in the upper part of the refrigerator compartment 100.
- the control device 7 is configured by an arithmetic device such as a microcomputer or a CPU and software executed thereon.
- the control device 7 may be configured by hardware such as a circuit device that realizes the function.
- the control device 7 receives a detection signal from a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of each storage room including the temperature sensors 14 and 15 and an operation signal from the operation unit 61 of the operation panel 6. Based on each input signal, the control device 7 stores in advance such that the refrigerator compartment 100, the chilled compartment 12, the low temperature compartment 13, the freezer compartment 300, and the vegetable compartment 200 are maintained at set temperatures.
- the cooling device 19 and the heater 18 are controlled according to the operation program.
- the cooling device 19 includes, for example, a damper disposed in each storage chamber including the compressor 2, the blower fan 4, and the dampers 16 and 17.
- the control device 7 controls the output of the compressor 2, the amount of air blown by the blower fan 4, and the opening of the damper.
- the control apparatus 7 outputs the display signal regarding the temperature of each storage room, the inventory information in a warehouse, etc. to the display part 62 of the operation panel 6 based on each input signal.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram related to the temperature control of the cold room by the refrigerator control device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the control device 7 includes a time measuring unit 71 that measures time, a counter 72 that counts a count value, a process transition unit 73, a temperature setting unit 74, a comparison unit 75, and a control unit 76. And a storage unit 77.
- Each of the above units is realized by executing a program by a CPU constituting the control device 7 as a functional unit realized by software, or a DSP, an ASIC (Application Specific IC), a PLD (Programmable Logic Device), or the like. Realized with electronic circuits.
- the process transition unit 73 performs a process transition based on the time measured by the time measuring unit 71 and the count value by the counter 72.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 according to the process transferred by the process transfer unit 73.
- the comparison unit 75 compares the set temperature ⁇ s set by the temperature setting unit 74 with the internal temperature ⁇ detected by the temperature sensor 15 in the low temperature chamber 13, and outputs the comparison result to the control unit 76.
- the control unit 76 controls the compressor 2, the blower fan 4, and the damper 17 based on the comparison result by the comparison unit 75 so that the internal temperature ⁇ detected by the temperature sensor 15 becomes the set temperature ⁇ s.
- the storage unit 77 is composed of, for example, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory, and stores various data and operation programs used for temperature control.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes over time in the set temperature of the cold room and the temperature in the refrigerator when the temperature control of the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention is performed.
- a cycle including a low temperature process and a temperature raising process is repeated.
- the process transition unit 73 transitions to the temperature raising process when the low temperature process time ⁇ TL has elapsed from the start of the low temperature process. Further, when the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH elapses from the start of the temperature raising process, the process proceeds to the low temperature process again.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL and the temperature increase process time ⁇ TH are determined for each machine by a method described later and stored in the storage unit 77.
- the low temperature step corresponds to the “first step” of the present invention
- the temperature raising step corresponds to the “second step” of the present invention.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL corresponds to the “first time” of the present invention
- the temperature rising process time ⁇ TH corresponds to the “second time” of the present invention.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L, and the control unit 76 reduces the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L is a temperature lower than the freezing point ⁇ f (for example, 0 ° C.) of the object to be cooled stored in the low temperature chamber 13, and is, for example, ⁇ 4 ° C. to ⁇ 2 ° C.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H, and the control unit 76 raises the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 until it reaches the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H.
- the temperature increase set temperature ⁇ H is a temperature higher than the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled accommodated in the low temperature chamber 13, and is, for example, 1 ° C. to 2 ° C.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L and the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H have a relationship of ⁇ H> ⁇ L, and are stored in the storage unit 77 in advance.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L and the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H may be changed or set by the user via the operation unit 61.
- the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L corresponds to the first temperature of the present invention
- the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H corresponds to the second temperature of the present invention.
- the low temperature process includes an introduction process and a low temperature maintenance process.
- the temperature setting unit 74 lowers the set temperature ⁇ s step by step for each preset time. This stage is counted by the counter 72.
- the process transition unit 73 transitions to the low temperature maintenance process when the count value of the counter 72 reaches the target value. This target value is determined in advance so that the set temperature ⁇ s reaches the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L at time TL1.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L, and the controller 76 reduces the temperature in the low temperature chamber 13 until the temperature reaches the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L.
- the object to be cooled in the low-temperature chamber 13 is brought into a supercooled state in which it is not frozen at the freezing point ⁇ f or less. Then, when the time TL is reached, that is, when the low temperature process time ⁇ TL has elapsed since the start of the low temperature process, the process transition unit 73 ends the low temperature process and proceeds to the temperature raising process.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 to the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H, and the control unit 76 raises the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 to the temperature rising set temperature ⁇ H.
- the control unit 76 closes the damper 17 to stop the state where the cold air flows into the low temperature chamber 13 and raises the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13.
- the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 may be increased by operating the blower fan 4 when the compressor 2 is stopped and opening the damper 17 to circulate the air in the refrigerator 1.
- the temperature may be increased instantaneously using the heater 18. Then, when the time TH is reached, that is, when the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH has elapsed from the start of the temperature raising process, the process transition unit 73 ends the temperature raising process and proceeds to the low temperature process.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the temperature control process of the cold room in the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the temperature control process of the cold room in the refrigerator of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. .
- This process is started when the refrigerator 1 is turned on or when the operation panel 6 is selected to start the process.
- the control device 7 detects the internal temperature ⁇ of the low temperature chamber 13 using the temperature sensor 15 and determines whether or not the detected internal temperature ⁇ is equal to or higher than the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H (S101).
- S101 temperature rise set temperature
- the process proceeds to step S112, and the temperature increase process is started.
- the introduction process is first performed.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to ⁇ H ⁇ (S103).
- the count value i of the counter 72 is set to 0 (S104).
- the elapsed time t is reset by the timer 71, and measurement of the elapsed time t is started (S105).
- the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 is set to a temperature ⁇ (eg, 0.3 ° C.) lower than the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H, and the count of the stages in the introduction process and the measurement of the elapsed time t of each stage are started.
- ⁇ t is the time of each stage in the introduction process, for example, 20 minutes.
- the set temperature ⁇ s set in step S103 is maintained until the elapsed time t becomes equal to or greater than ⁇ t.
- the set temperature ⁇ s is set to ⁇ s ⁇ (S107), and 1 is added to the count value i (S108).
- n indicates the number of steps in the introduction process, and is 12, for example.
- the process returns to step S105 and the subsequent processing is repeated.
- the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 is lowered step by step by ⁇ every preset time ⁇ t, and the internal temperature ⁇ is also lowered to the set temperature ⁇ s.
- the process shift unit 73 shifts to the low temperature maintenance process.
- the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s to the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L (S110). Subsequently, it is determined whether or not the elapsed time T from the start of the low temperature process is ⁇ TL or more (S111).
- the elapsed time T is less than the low temperature process time ⁇ TL (S111: NO)
- the set temperature ⁇ s set in step S110 that is, the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L
- the process proceeds to step S112, and the temperature raising process is started.
- the elapsed time T is reset by the timer 71, and the measurement of the elapsed time T is started again (S112). Then, the temperature setting unit 74 sets the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 to the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H (S113). Next, it is determined by the process transition unit 73 whether the elapsed time T is equal to or greater than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH (S114). When the elapsed time T is less than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH (S114: NO), the set temperature ⁇ s set in step S113 (that is, the temperature raising set temperature) until the elapsed time T becomes equal to or higher than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH. ⁇ H) is maintained. On the other hand, when the elapsed time T is equal to or greater than the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH (S114: YES), the temperature raising process is terminated, the process returns to step S102, and the low temperature process is started again.
- the object to be cooled accommodated in the low temperature chamber 13 is in a supercooled state in which it is not frozen even at the freezing point ⁇ f or less, but the supercooled state is in an unstable state in terms of energy. is there. Therefore, for example, when an abrupt temperature change occurs in the low temperature chamber 13 due to an impact such as opening / closing of the door 8 or some factor, the supercooling state may be released.
- the supercooled state of the object to be cooled is released, fine ice crystals begin to be formed almost uniformly inside the object to be cooled, and freezing is started.
- the process proceeds to the temperature increase process to avoid the progress and completion of freezing, and the tissue or cells of the object to be cooled by ice crystals. Etc. can be prevented from being damaged.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH has elapsed since the start of the temperature raising step, the quality of the object to be cooled can be suppressed by shifting to the low temperature step.
- the quality of the object to be cooled may be reduced.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is too short with respect to the low temperature process time ⁇ TL, the ice crystals of the object to be cooled cannot be sufficiently melted, and the object to be cooled is frozen.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is too long with respect to the low temperature process time ⁇ TL, the average temperature during the storage period of the object to be cooled becomes higher than the freezing point ⁇ f, and the quality of the object to be cooled may be deteriorated.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL and the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH are set in consideration of the time during which the object to be cooled is recognized and the balance of heat.
- FIG. 8 shows the time-dependent changes in the set temperature and the internal temperature of the cold room when the temperature control is performed in the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of heat q1 released from the object to be cooled, and the supply to the object to be cooled It is a graph which shows calorie
- FIG. 9 shows the time (freezing time) in which freezing progressed after the object to be cooled was released from the supercooling when the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L was ⁇ 3 ° C., and the number of fracture peaks when the object to be cooled was cut. It is a graph which shows the relationship.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set so as to satisfy the following condition obtained from a simple experiment.
- the cooling rate in the introduction process is set so that an object to be cooled such as food can enter a supercooled state.
- the cooling rate of the introduction process is arbitrarily set so as to satisfy such a condition. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- time ⁇ Tf1 from the start of the low-temperature process that is, the time from the start of the introduction process to the arrival of the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled, and the end of the introduction process.
- Time TL1 is determined.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set so as to satisfy time TL1 ⁇ time TL.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL needs to be set to be equal to or shorter than the time until the object to be cooled is recognized.
- the reason why the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set to be equal to or less than the time until freezing is recognized will be described with reference to FIG.
- the deviation of the number of break peaks is shown on the graph for every freezing time.
- FIG. 9 there is almost no change in the number of fracture peaks between the non-frozen state (freezing time 0 hour) and the state 6 hours after the start of freezing. That is, it can be seen that even when 6 hours have passed since the start of freezing, the tactile sensation of the object to be cooled hardly changes from the non-frozen state and is not recognized as frozen. Further, it can be seen from FIG. 9 that the boundary between the non-frozen state (freezing time 0 hour) and the state that can be recognized as frozen is 8 hours.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL 8 hours or less (for example, 300 minutes)
- the time until the object to be cooled is recognized is referred to as “allowable freezing time”. Note that 8 hours is an example, and the allowable freezing time varies depending on the airframe and the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L.
- the time when the internal temperature ⁇ (T) detected by the temperature sensor 15 reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled is defined as Tf1.
- the time at which the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled is defined as Tf2.
- the time at which the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled is defined as Tf3.
- the time from when the temperature raising process is started until the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled is denoted by ⁇ Tf2.
- the time from when the low-temperature process of the next cycle is started until the inside temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f of the object to be cooled is assumed to be ⁇ Tf1.
- the amount of heat released by the object to be cooled whose temperature is constant at the freezing point ⁇ f is q1.
- the amount of heat supplied to the object to be cooled whose temperature is constant at the freezing point ⁇ f. Is q2.
- the amount of heat q1 corresponds to the hatched portion between ⁇ f between Tf1 and Tf2 and the internal temperature ⁇ (T) in the area of the hatched portion in FIG.
- the amount of heat q1 is a time integral value of the difference between the freezing point ⁇ f and the internal temperature ⁇ (T) while the internal temperature ⁇ (T) is lower than the freezing point ⁇ f.
- the amount of heat q2 corresponds to the shaded portion between ⁇ f between Tf2 and Tf3 and the internal temperature ⁇ (T) in the area of the shaded portion in FIG. 8, and is expressed as the following equation (2).
- the amount of heat q2 is a time integral value of the difference between the internal temperature ⁇ (T) and the freezing point ⁇ f while the internal temperature ⁇ (T) is higher than the freezing point ⁇ f.
- the amount of heat q1 corresponds to the first amount of heat of the present invention
- the amount of heat q2 corresponds to the second amount of heat of the present invention.
- the amount of heat q1 and the amount of heat q2 are equal includes not only the case where the amount of heat q1 and the amount of heat q2 are exactly the same, but also the case where the amount of heat q1 and the amount of heat q2 are not the same but in a balanced state.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set to be equal to or less than the allowable freezing time, it is not necessary to reliably melt the ice crystals of the object to be cooled as in the prior art. This is shorter than the conventional case of reliably melting ice crystals.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH can be obtained from the low temperature process time ⁇ TL as follows. First, the time ⁇ Tf2 and the time Tf2 from when the temperature raising process is started until the internal temperature ⁇ (T) reaches the freezing point ⁇ f can be obtained from the temperature raising rate. The temperature increase rate is obtained by experiments. Next, the calorie
- equation (3) from the shaded area of FIG. Further, the amount of heat q2 represented by the equation (2) is represented by an approximate equation as in the following equation (4) from the shaded area in FIG. From equations (3) and (4), the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is determined so as to satisfy the heat quantity q1 heat quantity q2.
- the temperature raising step time ⁇ TH is, for example, 240 minutes.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set so as to satisfy time TL1 ⁇ time TL and be equal to or shorter than the allowable freezing time. Further, the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set so that the heat quantity q1 and the heat quantity q2 are balanced based on the low temperature process time ⁇ TL, the heat quantity q1, and the heat quantity q2.
- FIG. 10 shows changes over time in the set temperature of the cold room, the temperature in the refrigerator, and the food temperature when temperature control is performed in the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows an example at the time of not being carried out.
- FIG. 11 shows changes over time in the set temperature of the cold room, the temperature in the refrigerator, and the food temperature when temperature control is performed in the refrigerator according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows an example at the time of being carried out.
- the food temperature is slightly delayed from the internal temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 and is between the low temperature set temperature ⁇ L and the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H. It changes continuously in the same way as the inside temperature changes. Thereby, the food in the low temperature chamber 13 can be repeatedly returned to the supercooled state in the low temperature process.
- the heat quantity q1 for proceeding with freezing is equal to the heat quantity q2 for melting the ice crystals.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set to be equal to or shorter than the allowable freezing time. Therefore, the refrigerator 1 can return the food to a state equivalent to that immediately after releasing the supercooling, that is, immediately after the time Tf1 and the start of freezing, at the time TH_2 at the time when the temperature raising step is completed.
- FIG.12 and FIG.13 is a graph which shows the time-dependent change of the setting temperature of the low temperature chamber 13, the internal temperature, and food temperature at the time of implementing the temperature control in a comparative example.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which the heating process time ⁇ TH is set so that the heat quantity q1> the heat quantity q2
- FIG. 13 shows the heating process time ⁇ TH set so that the heat quantity q1 ⁇ heat quantity q2. An example of this is shown.
- the heating process time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2, the ice crystal generated in the supercooled state grows and the freezing progresses every time the cycle progresses. Freezing is complete. Specifically, at time Tf when the temperature of the food becomes equal to or lower than the freezing point ⁇ f, the food is released from supercooling, fine ice crystals are generated, and freezing is started. Next, at time TL, the set temperature ⁇ s of the low temperature chamber 13 is switched to the temperature rise set temperature ⁇ H, and melting of fine ice crystals in the food is started. When the time from the time Tf to the time TL is short, the food is returned to a state equivalent to the non-frozen state at the time TH when the temperature raising process is completed.
- the food starts freezing without entering the supercooling state and enters a phase change state at time Tf1 when the temperature of the food becomes equal to or lower than the freezing point ⁇ f.
- the heating step time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2
- the amount of heat q1 that progresses freezing is greater than the amount of heat q2 that melts the ice crystals.
- the freezing of the food proceeds and the freezing is completed at any point. That is, when the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1> the amount of heat q2, it becomes difficult to prevent the progress of freezing of the supercooled food.
- FIG. 13 shows a case where the heating process time ⁇ TH is set so that the heat quantity q1 ⁇ heat quantity q2, and more specifically, for example, taking into account the heat quantity q0 released by food such as food when the supercooling is released.
- Q0 + q1 ⁇ q2 is shown when the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set.
- the amount of heat q0 corresponds to the third amount of heat in the present embodiment, and is obtained by the following equation (5), for example.
- ⁇ T is the temperature at which the supercooling is released
- W is the moisture content of the food
- Cp is the heat capacity of water.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH so as to satisfy q0 + q1 ⁇ q2
- the amount of heat q1 becomes the amount of heat released by the food whose temperature is constant at the freezing point ⁇ f during the low temperature maintaining step.
- the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is lengthened, and the average temperature of the food is inevitably increased.
- the low temperature process time ⁇ TL and the temperature increase process time ⁇ TH are set in consideration of the allowable freezing time and the heat quantity balance of the object to be cooled, and periodic temperature control is performed. Done. Specifically, the low temperature process time ⁇ TL is set within an allowable freezing time, and the temperature raising process time ⁇ TH is set so that the amount of heat q1 for proceeding freezing and the amount of heat q2 for melting ice crystals are balanced. Is done.
- the refrigerator 1 of this Embodiment can aim at the balance of the time in which the freezing of a to-be-cooled object is recognized, and calorie
- the object to be cooled such as food can be returned to the same state as the supercooled state, and the average temperature during the storage period of the object to be cooled can be reduced. Therefore, the refrigerator 1 in the present embodiment can prevent the object to be cooled from being completely frozen without adversely affecting the object to be cooled.
- the object to be cooled in the low temperature chamber 13 can be brought into a supercooled state by having the introduction step and the low temperature maintenance step in the low temperature step. Further, in the temperature raising step, by controlling the damper 17 to raise the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13, a heat source for raising the temperature becomes unnecessary, and an increase in the number of parts and power consumption can be prevented.
- control device 7 is described as controlling the damper 17 and the heater 18 in the temperature raising step, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the control device 7 may raise the temperature of the low temperature chamber 13 by controlling only the heater 18 without controlling the damper 17 in the temperature raising step.
- the heating means is not limited to the heater 18 and may be a heat exchanger or a Peltier element.
- the low temperature room 13 which is a supercooling control area and the vegetable room 200 adjoin, when the function which makes a cooling material a supercooled state is added to the downward direction in the refrigerator compartment 100, the vegetable room 200 is adjacent. May get too cold. Therefore, it is necessary to form a heat insulating structure using an appropriate heat insulating material between the low temperature chamber 13 and the vegetable room 200, and the structural constraints have been strengthened.
- the partition plate 40 provided in parallel with the partition member 50 between the low temperature chamber 13 and the vegetable chamber 200 located under the low temperature chamber 13, and the partition plate 40 and the partition A heater 18 is provided as a heating means provided in a region surrounded by the member 50, and the greenhouse 18 in the vegetable compartment 200 can be raised by controlling the heater 18 with the control device 7. That is, the refrigerator 1 of the embodiment can prevent the vegetable room 200 from being overcooled by supplying heat to the vegetable room 200 by the heater 18 even if the vegetable room 200 is adjacent to the low temperature room 13. Therefore, a heat insulating material that has been conventionally required is not necessary.
- the refrigerator 1 of this Embodiment is a refrigerator which has a function which makes a to-be-cooled object a supercooled state, without using a heat insulating material, and makes a to-be-cooled object a supercooled state without overcooling the vegetable compartment 200. It becomes possible to do.
- the refrigerator 1 divides the region surrounded by the partition plate 40 and the partition member 50 into a plurality of spaces by ribs (rib regions 20) protruding from the partition plate 40 or the partition member 50. Since the heater 18 is provided in one of the spaces, the heat generation density of the heater 18 can be increased, and the internal temperature of the storage chamber can be effectively increased.
- the embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings.
- the specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to this, and can be changed within a range where supercooling control is possible.
- the time ⁇ TH is set.
- the heating process time ⁇ TH may be obtained so that the heat quantity q1 ⁇ the heat quantity q2 and the heat quantity q2 ⁇ (heat quantity q0 + heat quantity q1) is satisfied.
- the object to be cooled stored in the refrigerator 1 is not limited to food, but is collected from the natural world such as raw meat of small animals that are not edible, or raw meat of experimental animals such as cloned animals. Includes everything that can be stored refrigerated.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫の外観を概略的に示した正面図である。図2は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫の内部構成を概略的に示した内部構成図である。図3は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫の冷蔵室の内部構成を概略的に示した内部構成図である。図4は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫の制御構成を示したブロック図である。なお、図1~図4を含む以下の図面では、各構成部材の寸法の関係及び形状等が実際のものとは異なる場合がある。また、明細書中における各構成部材同士の位置関係(例えば、上下関係等)は、原則として、冷蔵庫1を使用可能な状態に設置したときのものである。
図1及び2に示すように、冷蔵庫1は、前面(正面)が開口されて内部に貯蔵空間が形成された断熱箱体90を備える。断熱箱体90は、詳細に図示することは省略したが、鋼鉄製の外箱と、樹脂製の内箱と、外箱と内箱との間の空間に充填された断熱材と、から構成される。ただし、冷蔵室100と野菜室200の間に断熱材は存在しない。断熱箱体90の内部に形成された貯蔵空間は、複数の区画部材50によって、食品等の被冷却物が保存される複数の貯蔵室に区画されている。図1及び2に示すように、本実施の形態の冷蔵庫1は、複数の貯蔵室として、最上段に配置される冷蔵室100と、冷蔵室100の下方に配置される野菜室200と、最下段の冷凍室300と、を備えている。なお、冷蔵室100の下部領域に野菜室200が設置される構造において、冷蔵庫1が備える貯蔵室の種類及び数は、これらに限定されるものではない。
次に、本実施の形態における低温室13の温度制御について説明する。図5は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫の制御装置による低温室の温度制御に関連する機能ブロック図である。制御装置7は、図5に示すように、時間を計測する計時部71と、カウント値をカウントするカウンター72と、工程移行部73と、温度設定部74と、比較部75と、制御部76と、記憶部77と、を有している。上記各部は、ソフトウェアで実現される機能部として、制御装置7を構成するCPUによってプログラムを実行することで実現されるか、又はDSP、ASIC(Application Specific IC)、PLD(Programmable Logic Device)などの電子回路で実現される。
低温工程時間ΔTLは、簡易的な実験から求められる下記の条件を満たすように設定される。まず、導入工程における冷却速度は、食品等のような被冷却物を過冷却状態に突入させることができるように設定される。例えば、低温設定温度θLを-3℃とした場合において、1℃当たりの冷却時間を35分以上とすると、被冷却物が極めて高い確率で過冷却状態に突入することが実験からわかっている。そこで、このような条件を満たすように、導入工程の冷却速度が任意に設定される。これにより、図8に示すように、低温工程を開始してから、すなわち、導入工程を開始してから被冷却物の凍結点θfに到達するまでの時間ΔTf1と、導入工程を終了するまでの時刻TL1とが決定される。そして、低温工程時間ΔTLは、時刻TL1<時刻TLを満たすように設定される。
また、図9から、生成した氷結晶をすべて融解させなくても、過冷却解除の直後、もしくは数時間以内の状態にまで復帰させることにより、実質的には非凍結状態と同等の状態を維持できることがわかる。そのため、低温工程時間ΔTLを被冷却物の凍結が認識されるまでの許容凍結時間(例えば8時間)以下に設定することにより、昇温工程において、発生した氷結晶を確実に融解する必要がない。ただし、凍結をこれ以上進行させないためには、低温工程と昇温工程とで熱量のバランスをとる必要がある。そのため、低温工程と昇温工程とで熱量のバランスをとることができるように、昇温工程時間ΔTHが設定される。
次に、本実施の形態の温度制御を実施した場合の被冷却物(例えば食品)の温度推移について説明する。図10は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫における温度制御を実施した場合の低温室の設定温度、庫内温度及び食品温度の経時変化を示したものであり、被冷却物が過冷却解除されなかった場合の一例を示すグラフである。図11は、本発明の実施の形態に係る冷蔵庫における温度制御を実施した場合の低温室の設定温度、庫内温度及び食品温度の経時変化を示したものであり、被冷却物が過冷却解除された場合の一例を示すグラフである。
Claims (7)
- 区画部材で複数の貯蔵室に区画された貯蔵空間を内部に有する断熱箱体と、
前記貯蔵室の一つとして設けられ、被冷却物を凍結点以下の温度で凍らせずに保存する低温室と、
前記貯蔵空間を冷却する冷却装置と、
前記冷却装置を制御して、前記低温室の庫内温度を前記被冷却物の前記凍結点よりも高い第2の温度から前記凍結点よりも低い第1の温度まで、予め設定された時間において低下させる第1の工程と、前記第1の温度から前記第2の温度まで上昇させて、第2の温度を予め設定された時間維持する第2の工程と、を繰り返し行う制御装置と、を備え、
前記制御装置は、前記低温室の庫内温度が前記凍結点よりも低い状態における、前記凍結点と前記低温室の庫内温度との差の時間積分値と、前記低温室の庫内温度が前記凍結点よりも高い状態における、前記凍結点と前記低温室の庫内温度との差の時間積分値とが、均衡するように制御を行う、冷蔵庫。 - 前記制御装置は、第1の工程において、第2の温度から第1の温度まで、予め設定された時間ごとに段階的に設定温度を低下させるように冷却装置を制御する、請求項1に記載した冷蔵庫。
- 前記第1の工程は、第2の温度から第1の温度に到達するまで、予め設定された時間ごとに段階的に設定温度を低下させる導入工程と、第1の温度に到達した設定温度を予め設定された時間維持する低温維持工程と、で構成されている、請求項2に記載の冷蔵庫。
- 前記冷却装置は、前記低温室に冷気を送風する風路と、前記低温室に供給される冷気の風量を調整するダンパと、を含み、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の工程において前記ダンパを制御して、前記低温室の庫内温度を前記第1の温度から前記第2の温度まで上昇させる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。 - 前記低温室と前記低温室の下方に位置する前記貯蔵室との間に前記区画部材に並列させて設けられた仕切り板と、
前記仕切り板と前記区画部材とで囲まれた領域に設けられた加熱手段と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記第2の工程において、前記冷却装置を制御するとともに前記加熱手段を制御して、前記低温室の庫内温度を前記第1の温度から前記第2の温度まで上昇させる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。 - 前記低温室と前記低温室の下方に位置する前記貯蔵室との間に前記区画部材に並列させて設けられた仕切り板と、
前記仕切り板と前記区画部材とで囲まれた領域に設けられた加熱手段と、をさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記加熱手段を制御して、前記貯蔵室の庫内温室を上昇させる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の冷蔵庫。 - 前記仕切り板と前記区画部材とで囲まれた領域は、前記仕切り板又は前記区画部材から突出したリブで複数空間に区画されており、区画された空間の一つに前記加熱手段が設けられている、請求項5又は6に記載の冷蔵庫。
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AU2016419455A AU2016419455B2 (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | Refrigerator |
SG11201810216PA SG11201810216PA (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | Refrigerator |
PCT/JP2016/073977 WO2018033968A1 (ja) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | 冷蔵庫 |
CN201680087985.3A CN109564051B (zh) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | 冰箱 |
MYPI2018002325A MY177673A (en) | 2016-08-17 | 2016-08-17 | Refrigerator |
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JPWO2022172317A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-18 | ||
WO2022172317A1 (ja) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷蔵庫 |
JP7387036B2 (ja) | 2021-02-09 | 2023-11-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷蔵庫 |
WO2023053194A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷蔵庫 |
JP7459393B2 (ja) | 2021-09-28 | 2024-04-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷蔵庫 |
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TW201812233A (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
CN109564051A (zh) | 2019-04-02 |
MY177673A (en) | 2020-09-23 |
AU2016419455A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
JP6611952B2 (ja) | 2019-11-27 |
SG11201810216PA (en) | 2019-03-28 |
TWI720223B (zh) | 2021-03-01 |
JPWO2018033968A1 (ja) | 2019-04-11 |
AU2016419455B2 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
CN109564051B (zh) | 2020-11-03 |
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