WO2018084330A1 - Continuous pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a continuous pyrolysis device and a method therefor and, to a continuous pyrolysis device comprising: a first reaction unit (200), which processes a combustible material supplied from a supply unit (100) through at least any one from among drying, preheating, and pyrolyzing so as to generate a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residues; a second reaction unit (300) for transferring the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction unit (200), and separating the same into small-sized residues of a preset size or less and excessive residues exceeding the preset size; and a residue storage unit (400) for storing the small-sized residues, wherein the first reaction unit (200) comprises one or more lower screw-type feeders (220), the pyrolysis residues transferred by the lower screw-type feeders (220) are discharged to the second reaction unit (300), and the combustible material, which was not sufficiently processed through at least one from among drying, preheating, and pyrolyzing, remains and is circulated in the first reaction unit (200).

Description

Continuous pyrolysis device and pyrolysis method

The present invention relates to a pyrolysis device and a method thereof, and more particularly, to a continuous pyrolysis device and a method capable of continuously pyrolyzing a combustible material.

Energy-saving technologies for lower fuels, waste vinyl, waste plastics or organic-inorganic flammable wastes are incineration, pyrolysis, or gasification.

Incineration increases the size of facilities and serious air pollution due to the emission of air pollutants such as dioxins and NOX.

Recently, the development of technology for pyrolyzing or gasifying combustible materials has been actively conducted. In particular, in the case of pyrolysis, the energy produced by heating flammable materials to produce gaseous fraction (oil) can be sold as liquid oil.

In the case of gasification, a technique of heating a combustible material to produce gaseous fuel, and driving a gas engine to generate electric power, or synthesize other liquid fuels based on this.

Conventional processes that can produce gaseous fractions through pyrolysis use reactors such as continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs), screws and rotary kilns.

Problems of these reactors are difficult in continuous processes, difficult to develop in large-scale facilities, long term operation due to coking caused by carbon generated during pyrolysis, or high carbon content in discharged residues. Due to various problems such as low point, it is practically difficult to commercialize.

Look at the related prior art.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 1293272 relates to a continuous pyrolysis emulsifying apparatus and method thereof, which is capable of firstly pyrolyzing a flammable material, partially oxidizing and burning it, and discharging it into ash having a low carbon content.

However, pyrolysis is endothermic reaction, so the reaction time is long, it is necessary to continuously supply energy. However, this technology does not provide enough reaction time, so the combustible material is not sufficiently pyrolyzed inside, and the pyrolyzed solid residue is separately As it is simultaneously discharged with combustible materials that are not distinguished and not pyrolyzed, ash with a high carbon content is discharged even after partial oxidation and combustion.

Therefore, the present inventors have come to invent a process that solves the above problems of the invention and improves energy efficiency.

(Patent Document 1) Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 1293272

(Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Publication No. 1607869

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

In the conventional pyrolysis apparatus, it is difficult to continuously and uniformly heat the temperature of the combustible material, which causes a problem in that the temperature distribution of the combustible material injected is variously distributed.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method capable of uniformly adjusting the temperature in a reactor.

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and method for improving the discharge of only a part of the combustible material treated in the first reactor to the second reactor.

In addition, the reactants discharged from the conventional pyrolysis device are discharged only in the gaseous phase and liquid phase, and are not continuously discharged in the form of carbon or ash solid residue, which causes difficulty in continuous operation, which can improve the continuous pyrolysis device. And a method thereof.

In addition, the final residue discharged from the conventional pyrolysis device is to provide a continuous pyrolysis device and a method that can improve the problem because the high carbon content was not good efficiency.

In addition, in the conventional pyrolysis apparatus, carbon deposits are generated on the inner surface of the reactor, so that it is difficult to manage the reactor, and to provide a continuous pyrolysis emulsifying apparatus and a method for preventing carbon deposits from occurring.

In addition, the present invention provides a continuous pyrolysis apparatus and a method for improving a problem of difficulty in utilizing a high ratio of chlorine contained in a gas phase component generated in a conventional pyrolysis reactor.

One embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, the first to generate the first gas phase component and pyrolysis residues by treating the combustible material supplied from the supply unit 100 with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis. 1 reaction unit 200; A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising a; and a residual material storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less, the first reaction unit 200 includes one or more lower screw-type feeder 220 The pyrolysis residues transported by the lower screw feeder 220 are discharged to the second reaction part 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis may be used. 1 provides a continuous pyrolysis device that is circulated in the reaction unit 200.

In addition, the lower screw feeder 220 includes a lower screw 221 and the caulking removal device 224 to eccentric the lower screw 221, and the lower screw 221 and a portion of the inner surface of the first reaction unit 200 It is preferable to remove the carbon adhesive formed on the inner surface of the first reaction unit 200 by continuous contact.

In addition, the first reaction part 200 further includes at least one upper screw feeder 210 positioned above the lower screw feeder 220, and the upper screw feeder 210 and the lower screw. The pyrolysis residue transferred by the mold feeder 220 is discharged to the second reaction unit 300, and the pyrolysis residue which is not sufficiently treated by any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis is transferred to the first reaction unit ( It is preferred to remain in circulation 200).

In addition, it is preferable to further include an inner heating unit 240 located between the upper screw-type feeder 210 and the lower screw-type feeder 220.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, by treating the combustible material supplied from the supply unit 100 with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate the first gas phase component and pyrolysis residues First reaction unit 200; A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And a residue storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising a, the first reaction unit 200 includes one or more cross-rotating stirring device 250, the pyrolysis residues transferred by the one or more cross-rotating stirring device 250 The combustible material discharged to the second reaction part 300 and not sufficiently treated with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis remains in the first reaction part 200 to provide a continuous pyrolysis apparatus. .

The cross-rotating stirring device 250 also includes a screw 251 and an eccentric caulking removal device 254, wherein the screw 251 is in continuous contact with a portion of the inner surface of the caulking removing device 254. It is preferable to remove the carbon adhesive formed on the inner surface of the first reaction unit 200.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, by treating the combustible material supplied from the supply unit 100 with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate the first gas phase component and pyrolysis residues First reaction unit 200; A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And a residue storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising a, the first reaction unit 200 includes one or more vertical rotary stirring device 260, the pyrolysis residues transferred by the one or more vertical rotary stirring device 260 The combustible material discharged to the second reaction part 300 and not sufficiently treated with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis remains in the first reaction part 200 to provide a continuous pyrolysis apparatus. .

In addition, the vertical rotary stirring device 260 is preferably a screw.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is to treat the combustible material supplied from the supply unit 100 with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residues. A first reaction unit 200; A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And a residue storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising a, the first reaction unit 200 includes a belt rotary stirring device 280 including a plurality of transfer plate 281, by the belt rotary stirring device 280 The transferred pyrolysis residue is discharged to the second reaction part 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated by at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis remains circulated in the first reaction part 200. It provides a type of pyrolysis device.

In addition, the plurality of transfer plates 281 are spaced apart from each other to form a space, the combustible material is preferably located in the space.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, by treating the combustible material supplied from the supply unit 100 with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate the first gas phase component and pyrolysis residues First reaction unit 200; A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And a residue storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising a, the first reaction unit 200 includes a stocker type stirring device 290, the pyrolysis residue transferred by the stocker type stirring device 290 is the second reaction The combustible material discharged to the unit 300 and not sufficiently treated with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis remains in the first reaction unit 200 to provide a continuous pyrolysis apparatus.

Embodiments of the present invention for solving the above problems further include a third reaction unit 500 for receiving the small residue and oxidize and burn to generate a third gas phase component and combustion residue. The third reaction unit 500 may be oxidized and combusted by receiving at least one of the small residue, pyrolysis oil, uncondensed gas phase component, syngas, and the second gas phase component as fuel of the third reaction unit 500. It is desirable to produce three gas phase components and combustion residues.

In addition, the excess residue separated in the second reaction unit 300 is preferably discharged to the outside in the continuous pyrolysis device.

In addition, the first reaction unit 200 further includes an outer heating unit 230 surrounding the outside of the first reaction unit 200, and the third gas phase generated by the third reaction unit 500. It is preferable that a component is supplied to at least one of the first reaction part 200, the outer heating part 230, and the inner heating part 240 so that the first reaction part 200 is heated.

In addition, it is preferable to further include a chlorine removal reaction unit 600 for removing the chlorine in the gas phase component by receiving the first gaseous phase component discharged from the first reaction unit 200.

In addition, the chlorine removal reaction unit 600 includes an oil purification reaction unit 610, the oil purification reaction unit 610 is preferably supplied with a first gas phase component to produce pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas. .

In addition, the chlorine removal reaction unit 600 includes a gasification reaction unit 620, it is preferable to produce a synthesis gas by gasifying the first gas phase component supplied.

In addition, the second reaction unit 300 may further include a cooling unit 330 capable of cooling the pyrolysis residues supplied from the first reaction unit 200.

In addition, the second reaction unit 300 is further supplied with a gasification gas to gasify while transferring the pyrolysis residues to generate a second gaseous component and gasification residues.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, (a) supplying a combustible material to the supply unit 100; (b) introducing the combustible material into the first reaction part 200 and treating it with at least one of drying, preheating and pyrolysis to produce a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residue; (c) introducing the pyrolysis residue into the second reaction part 300, transporting and cooling, and separating the small residue smaller than or equal to a predetermined size and the excess residue larger than the predetermined size; (d) introducing the small residue into the residue storage unit 400; And (e) introducing one or more of the pyrolyzed oil, the non-condensed gas component, and the small residue from the first gas phase component into the third reaction unit 500, followed by oxidizing and burning to generate the third gas phase component and combustion residue. And, wherein the combustible material not dried, preheated or pyrolyzed in step (b) remains in the first reaction part 200 and circulated, and the excess residue transferred to the rear end in step (c). Provides a continuous pyrolysis method which is discharged to the outside.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, (a) supplying a combustible material to the supply unit 100; (b) introducing the combustible material into the first reaction part 200 and treating it with at least one of drying, preheating and pyrolysis to produce a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residue; (c1) introducing and transferring the pyrolysis residue to the second reaction part 300 and gasifying the pyrolysis residue by receiving a gasification gas to generate a second gaseous component and gasification residue; (d1) introducing the gasification residue into a residue storage unit 400; And (e1) introducing at least one of pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas components, second gas phase components, and gasification residues generated from the first gas phase component into the third reaction unit 500, followed by oxidation and combustion to form a third gas phase component. And generating combustion residues, wherein the combustible material that is not dried, preheated or pyrolyzed in step (b) remains in the first reaction part 200 to provide a continuous pyrolysis method.

By the continuous pyrolysis apparatus and the method according to the present invention, it is possible to continuously produce gaseous fraction to produce liquid and non-condensable gaseous fuel, and at the same time to efficiently produce high calorific value solid fuel.

In addition, by the continuous pyrolysis apparatus and the method according to the present invention, the residues finally discharged can be completely burned and discharged as ash with low exhaust gas and carbon content.

In addition, the continuous pyrolysis apparatus and the method according to the present invention can further improve the energy efficiency of the entire system by using gaseous phase and solid phase components generated in the pyrolysis apparatus.

In addition, by the continuous pyrolysis apparatus and the method according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the carbon deposits from adhering to the inner side of the reaction portion, it is possible to solve the coking problem caused by the thermal decomposition.

In addition, by the continuous pyrolysis apparatus and the method according to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the chlorine content to be included in the gas phase fraction.

In addition, by the continuous pyrolysis apparatus and the method according to the present invention, it is possible to convert and produce the pyrolysis reactants of gas phase, liquid phase, and solid phase components.

1A is a perspective view of a first scheme of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

1B is a perspective view of a second scheme of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

1C is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

1D is an enlarged view of A-A 'section of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

2A is a perspective view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

3A is a perspective view of a first scheme of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3B is a perspective view of a second scheme of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A 'of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

4A is a perspective view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

5A is a perspective view of a pyrolysis apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, "combustible materials" are household waste, industrial waste, greenhouse vinyl, end product waste vinyl, waste plastic. Combustible waste such as waste tires and electronic waste, or lower fuel such as lignite, anthracite, pet coke, oil sand, etc. or organic-inorganic mixtures such as wood, biomass, sewage sludge, organic waste, etc. Other types of combustible wastes not mentioned may also be used.

In addition, in the present invention, the "combustible material" may be provided in the form of a pulverized product having a size of about 0.1 to 30 cm in order to increase the efficiency of pyrolysis, but is not limited thereto.

As used herein, "pyrolysis" refers to a reaction that induces chemical decomposition of a combustible material by heating the combustible material in a state of limiting contact with oxygen.

In the present invention, "dry" and "preheating" are commonly used meanings.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the continuous pyrolysis device and the method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the thickness of the lines or the size of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, terms to be described below are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to the intention or convention of a user or an operator. Therefore, the definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout the specification.

Description of Continuous Pyrolysis Unit

1) Embodiment 1: Screw Feeder Stirring Device

An embodiment of a continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A to 1D.

The continuous pyrolysis apparatus according to the first embodiment is a continuous pyrolysis apparatus in which the first reaction unit 200 is a screw feeder stirring device, and the supply unit 100, the first reaction unit 200, and the second reaction unit 300 are provided. ), The residue storage unit 400, the third reaction unit 500 and the chlorine removal reaction unit 600.

The supply unit 100 includes an input unit 110 for supplying a combustible material to the first reaction unit 200.

The input unit 110 includes a first input unit 111 and a second input unit 112 positioned below the first input unit 111.

Since the first input part 111 and the second input part 112 are sequentially opened and closed, only the combustible material may be supplied to the first reaction part 200, and thus, external air may be supplied to the first reaction part 200. Supply is prevented.

Specifically, when the first input unit 111 is opened and the combustible material is introduced between the input unit 110, the first input unit 111 is closed. The second input part 112 is then opened to supply the combustible material to the first reaction part 200.

Although not shown, the supply unit 100 may further include a device such as a screw feeder, a cylinder feed feeder, and the like to prevent external air from entering the first reaction unit 200.

On the other hand, when supplying the combustible material in the supply unit 100, it may be additionally supplied with calcium oxide (CaO) powder.

When the calcium oxide powder is additionally supplied, chlorine contained in the combustible material is adsorbed on the calcium oxide to form chlorides and separated, thereby reducing the chlorine content to be included when the first gas phase component is discharged to the outside.

The first reaction unit 200 processes the combustible material supplied from the supply unit 100 at a temperature of 300 ° C to 600 ° C with any one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residues. At least one lower screwed feeder 220 and outer heating 230.

The internal temperature of the first reaction unit 200 is not limited to the above-mentioned example.

The first gas phase component generated in the first reaction unit 200 is a condensation gas that condenses when the temperature is lowered and is converted into pyrolysis oil, and a synthesis gas that is not condensed (CO, CO ₂ , H ₂ , CH _4). Or water vapor).

In addition, when the pyrolysis residue generated in the first reaction unit 200 is discharged to the second reaction unit 300, an additional input unit may be installed to block gaseous components that may be included in the discharge.

The lower screw feeder 220 transports the supplied combustible material and includes a screw 221, a central shaft 222, a motor 223, and a caulking removal device for treating at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis. 224 and support 225.

The pyrolysis residues transported and processed by the lower screw feeder 220 are discharged to the second reaction part 300, and combustible materials which are not sufficiently treated by any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis are transferred to the first reaction part ( Remain in circulation).

On the other hand, the number of the lower screw-type feeder 220 is not limited, but three or four in parallel may be configured to bring excellent circulation effect. The feed direction of each feeder is determined to facilitate circulation of flammable material that has not been sufficiently processed.

The caulking removal device 224 may position the screw 221 to be eccentric with the central axis 222 of the lower screw-type feeder 220, the screw 221 eccentric with the central axis 222 is the first reaction portion Continuously contacting a portion of the inner surface of the (200) to remove the carbon adhesive formed on the inner surface (see Figure 1d).

The support 225 may be connected to the motor 223 and control the position of the lower screw feeder 220.

The outer heating unit 230 is positioned to surround the outside of the first reaction unit 200 to heat the first reaction unit 200.

The outer heating unit 230 may optionally receive and use a third gaseous phase component generated by the third reaction unit 500.

The principle that the pyrolysis residue is branched from the first reaction part 200 to the second reaction part 300 will be described in detail.

The pyrolysis vapor, which is converted into gaseous components as the combustible material is pyrolyzed in the first reaction part 200, is discharged to the upper part, and the carbon powder or lumped residues, which are converted into a solid form as it is pyrolyzed, have a high specific gravity and are transferred by a screw. Descends. The lowered pyrolysis residue is transferred to the second reaction part 300 by the lower screwed feeder 220, and the non-pyrolyzed combustible material and the pyrolysed material remaining on the upper side or the pyrolyzed material by the lower screwed feeder 220. It is pushed back and is transferred in reverse.

With reference to FIG. 1B, the method including the upper screw feeder 210, which is the second method of the first embodiment, will be described.

In a second manner of the first embodiment, one or more upper screwed feeders 210 on top of the lower screwed feeder 220 to more efficiently transport, stir, circulate, and heat combustible materials in the first reaction section 200. ).

The upper screwed feeder 210 includes a screw 211, a central axis 212, a motor 213 and a support 215.

Since the upper screw feeder 210 has the same configuration as the lower screw feeder 220 mentioned above, repeated description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, the number of the upper screw-type feeder 210 is not limited, but may be configured in three or four in parallel to maximize the circulation effect. The feed direction of each feeder is determined to facilitate circulation of flammable material that has not been sufficiently processed.

The motors 213 and 223 of the upper screwed feeder 210 and the lower screwed feeder 220 can be driven in the same direction or in different directions, and the rotational speeds can be driven differently from each other. Accordingly, the flammable material may be prevented from adhering to the stirrer surface, and the flammable material that is not pyrolyzed may remain in the first reaction part 200 to be circulated.

In addition, an inner heating part 240 positioned between the upper screwed feeder 210 and the lower screwed feeder 220 may be further included.

The inner heating part 240 has the same configuration as the outer heating part 230 mentioned above, but is located between the upper screw feeder 210 and the lower screw feeder 220 inside the first reaction part 200. Repeated descriptions are omitted.

A caulking removal method of the first reaction unit 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1C.

The temperature of the outer heating unit 230 is higher than the temperature of the first reaction unit 200 to maintain the internal temperature of the first reaction unit 200. Therefore, the temperature of the bottom of the first reaction part 200 is the highest. For this reason, a coking (carbon adhesive) film is formed at the bottom of the inner wall surface of the first reaction part 200 by pyrolysis residue of the combustible material, thereby lowering the heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, this caulking film must be removed continuously to maintain heat transfer efficiency.

In the present invention, the screw 221 is positioned so as to be eccentric with the central axis 222 of the lower screw-type feeder 220 by the caulking removal device 224, so that the end of the screw 221 is always first The caulking membrane may be rubbed and removed while rubbing the bottom of the inner wall of the reaction part 200.

That is, the lower screw feeder 220 is rotated while the feeder circular end is in contact with the bottom of the curved surface to remove the caulking of the first reaction part 200 by rubbing the bottom caulking film (see FIG. 1D).

As another example, one end of the lower screw feeder 220 may be connected to the motor 223 and the other end may be driven in the form of a cantilever beam. In this case, the screw 221 may remove the caulking film while rubbing with the cantilever force of its own weight of the lower screw-type feeder 220.

Preferably, one end of the lower screw feeder 220 is connected to the motor 223 and the support 225 and the other end is connected to the support 225, so that the left and right support parts 225 are lower The up, down, left, and right positions of the screw feeder 220 may be controlled, and at the same time, the driving direction and the driving speed of the motor 223 may be controlled.

The second reaction part 300 includes a transfer part 311, a motor 313, a support part 315, a cooling part 330, and a screen filter 350.

The second reaction unit 300 transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction unit 200 and separates the pyrolysis residues cooled into small residues having a predetermined size or less and excess residues having a predetermined size.

When the pyrolysis residue cooled by the screen filter 350 installed at the lower rear end of the second reaction unit 300 is transferred to the rear stage, the small residue having a predetermined size or less falls below the screen filter 350 and the residue storage unit 400 The excess residues exceeding a predetermined size reach the rear end and are discharged to the outside through the outlet 360.

The transfer unit 311 may be a screw feeder as an example, and may be a rotary feeder or a stocker feeder although not shown.

The support part 315 is connected to the motor 313 to control the position of the transfer part 311.

The cooling unit 330 cools the pyrolysis residue introduced into the second reaction unit 300, and may spray water, wax or residue containing solid powder in order to increase the cooling efficiency.

In another embodiment of the second reaction unit 300, the second reaction unit 300 is further supplied with a gasification gas to gasify the pyrolysis residue to generate a second gaseous component and gasification residue.

In this embodiment, the cooling unit 330 is not used.

The amount of heat required for gasification may be partial oxidation by a gasification gas containing oxygen, or a high temperature gasification gas of 700 ° C. to 900 ° C., and any one or more of oxygen, air, steam, and synthesis gas may be used. It may be supplied from the lower or upper side of the second reaction unit 300.

The syngas may preferably be CO, H ₂ , CH ₄ , CO ₂ , H ₂ O, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

The gasification residue generated by gasification in the second reaction unit 300 is transferred to the residue storage unit 400. The amount of carbon contained in the gasification residue is minimized, and the gasification residue is introduced into the third reaction part 500 to be completely burned or discharged to the outside.

When the second reaction unit 300 is operated by gasification, the second reaction unit 300 may be a screw feeder, a rotary feeder or a stocker feeder, and more preferably, a fixed bed reactor or a fluidized bed reactor.

The residue storage unit 400 stores the small residue or gasification residue separated from the second reaction unit 300. The stored small residue or gasification residue is supplied to the third reaction unit 500.

Excess residue not discharged from the second reaction unit 300 in the residue storage unit 400 may be discharged to the outside.

The third reaction unit 500 receives the small residues of the residue storage unit 400 at a temperature of 600 ° C. or higher and oxidizes and burns them to generate a third gas phase component and combustion residues.

The third gas phase component generated by the third reaction part 500 is supplied to any one or more of the above-described outer heating part 230 and the inner heating part 240 so that the outer heating part 230 and the inner heating part 230 are provided. At least one of them is heated. If necessary, a portion of the third gas phase component may be supplied to the first reaction unit 200.

The combustion residue generated in the third reaction unit 500 includes ash having a low carbon content. The minimum standard of ash carbon content is less than 5%, which is the same as the minimum standard for landfilling.

Further, in another embodiment of the third reaction unit 500, one or more of small residue, pyrolysis oil, non-condensing gas, syngas, and second gas phase component is supplied and oxidized and combusted to produce the third gas phase component and combustion residue. You can also create

Although not shown in the drawings, any one or more of the first reaction unit 200, the second reaction unit 300 and the third reaction unit 500 of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the present invention may include a direct heating device. . The direct heating device is a burner using air, oxygen, steam and gas fuel, a lance inserted from the outside to the inside, or a plasma generator.

The chlorine removal reaction unit 600 receives the first gas phase component to remove chlorine in the gas phase component, and includes any one or more of an oil purification reaction unit 610 and a gasification reaction unit 620.

The oil purification reaction unit 610 receives the first gas phase component to produce pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas.

The gasification reaction unit 620 receives the first gaseous component and gasifies to produce a synthesis gas.

Pyrolysis oil, non-condensing gas, synthesis gas discharged from the chlorine removal reaction unit 600 and pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas by the first gas phase component discharged from the first reaction unit 200, the second reaction unit 300 At least one of the second gaseous components discharged from the gas may be supplied to the generator engine, oxidized and combusted to drive the generator to produce electricity.

2) Example 2 Cross-Rotating Stirring Device

In a second embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction unit 200 includes a cross-rotating stirring device 250.

Therefore, description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment except for the first reaction unit 200 will be omitted.

The pyrolysis apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B.

The cross-rotating stirring device 250 processes the combustible material supplied to the first reaction part 200 and transfers the combustible material to the second reaction part 300. The screw 251, the central axis 252, the motor 253, Caulking removal device 254 and support 255.

Unlike the screws 211 and 221 of the first embodiment, the screw 251 is positioned in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the traveling process direction.

The caulking removal device 254 is positioned to support the screw 251, and the center of the caulking removal device 254 is positioned to be somewhat eccentric with the screw 251 so that the screw 251 and the first reaction part 200 are provided. The carbon adhesive on the bottom can be removed.

The pyrolysis residues transported and processed by the horizontal rotary agitator 250 are discharged to the second reaction unit 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated by any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis may be disposed in the first reaction unit ( Remain in circulation).

3) Third Embodiment: Vertical Rotary Stirring Device

According to a third embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction part 200 includes a vertical rotary stirring device 260.

Therefore, description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment except for the first reaction unit 200 will be omitted.

A first scheme of the pyrolysis apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 3A.

The vertical rotary stirring device 260 processes the combustible material supplied to the first reaction part 200 and transfers it to the second reaction part 300, and includes a blade 261, a central axis 262, a motor 263, and the like. Support 265.

The central axis 262 is vertically positioned to penetrate the upper and lower portions of the first reaction part 200, and a plurality of wings 261 extends from the outside thereof (see the left side of FIG. 3C).

3B, the vertical rotary stirring device 260A, which is the second method of the third embodiment, will be described.

The vertical rotary stirring device 260A processes the combustible material supplied to the first reaction part 200 and transfers the combustible material to the second reaction part 300, and includes a screw 261A, a central axis 262, a motor 263, and the like. Support 265.

The second way of the third embodiment differs only in the wing portion from the first way of the third embodiment, and includes a screw 261A that forms a thread instead of the wing 261 connected to the central axis 262 (Fig. 3C See also right).

Referring further to FIG. 3C, the third embodiment (two ways) will be described in detail. Each vertical rotary agitator 260, 260A will pyrolyze while transporting the combustible material from top to bottom, and then the vertical rotary agitator 260. 260A transfers the flammable material from the bottom to the top while pyrolyzing the flammable material to the second reaction part 300 by the plurality of vertical rotary stirring devices 260 and 260A.

The treated pyrolysis residues conveyed by the vertical rotary agitators 260 and 260A are discharged to the second reaction part 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated by any one or more of drying, preheating and pyrolysis is the first reaction. It remains in the unit 200 and circulated.

On the other hand, the vertical rotary stirring device (260, 260A) can also be configured in one or more parallel.

In the case of the stirring device according to the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (f), the stirring device may have a branched shape including a transfer paddle.

4) Fourth Embodiment: Belt rotary stirring device

In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction part 200 includes a belt rotary stirring device 280.

Therefore, description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment except for the first reaction unit 200 will be omitted.

4A and 4B, a pyrolysis apparatus according to a fourth embodiment will be described.

The belt rotary stirring device 280 transfers the combustible material supplied to the first reaction part 200 to the second reaction part 300, and transfers plate 281, roller 282, motor 283, and support part ( 285).

The plurality of transfer plates 281 extending vertically from the outside of the belt surrounding the plurality of rollers 282 are spaced apart to form a space, and are supplied to each of the spaced spaces to the first reaction unit 200. Combustible materials are located and disposed of.

The pyrolysis residues transported and processed by the belt rotary stirring device 280 are discharged to the second reaction part 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated by any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis is transferred to the first reaction part ( Remain in circulation).

5) Example 5 Stocker Stirring Device

In a fifth embodiment of the present invention, the first reaction unit 200 includes a stocker type stirring device 290.

Therefore, description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment except for the first reaction unit 200 will be omitted.

5A and 5B, a pyrolysis apparatus according to a fifth embodiment will be described.

The stocker type stirring device 290 processes the combustible material supplied to the first reaction part 200 using a plurality of stocker type belts and transfers the combustible material to the second reaction part 300.

The pyrolysis residues transported and processed by the stocker type stirring device 290 are discharged to the second reaction unit 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated by any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis may be disposed in the first reaction unit ( Remain in circulation).

Description of Continuous Pyrolysis Method

Continuous pyrolysis method of the present invention comprises the steps of (a) supplying a combustible material to the supply unit (100); (b) introducing the combustible material into the first reaction part 200 and treating it with at least one of drying, preheating and pyrolysis to produce a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residue; (c) introducing the pyrolysis residue into the second reaction part 300, transporting and cooling, and separating the small residue smaller than or equal to a predetermined size and the excess residue larger than the predetermined size; (d) introducing the small residue into the residue storage unit 400; And (e) introducing one or more of the pyrolyzed oil, the non-condensed gas component, and the small residue from the first gas phase component into the third reaction unit 500, followed by oxidizing and burning to generate the third gas phase component and combustion residue. To perform;

In step (a), calcium oxide (CaO) powder may be additionally supplied, and the temperature therein may be 300 to 600 ° C. by a direct heating device (not shown), an inner heating unit 230 or an outer heating unit 240. Keep it.

The combustible material that is not dried, preheated or pyrolyzed in step (b) remains in the first reaction unit 200 and circulated.

The excess residue conveyed to the rear end in step (c) is discharged to the outside.

The second gas phase component generated in step (e) is introduced into at least one of the first reaction part 200 and the outer heating part 230 surrounding the outside of the first reaction part 200.

The continuous pyrolysis method according to another embodiment differs from steps (c), (d) and (e).

In the continuous pyrolysis method according to another embodiment, after the step (b), (c1) the pyrolysis residue is introduced into the second reaction unit 300 and transferred, and gasification of the pyrolysis residue is provided by gasification of the second gas phase component. And generating a gasification residue; (d1) introducing the gasification residue into a residue storage unit 400; And (e1) introducing at least one of pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas components, second gas phase components, and gasification residues generated from the first gas phase component into the third reaction unit 500, followed by oxidation and combustion to form a third gas phase component. And generating combustion residues.

Continuous pyrolysis apparatus in which the first reaction unit 200 and the third reaction unit 500 are stalker-type, and the first reaction unit 200 is a stalker-type and the third reaction unit 500 is a rotary kiln-type It is obvious that the continuous pyrolysis apparatus in which the first reaction part 200 is a rotary kiln type and the third reaction part 500 is a stalker type is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

As mentioned above, although the present invention has been illustrated and described with reference to specific embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the following claims are not limited to the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It can be easily understood by those skilled in the art that can be modified and modified.

(Explanation of the sign)

100: supply

110: input part

111: first input unit

112: second input portion

200: first reaction part

210: upper screw feeder

211: upper screw

212: upper center axis

213: upper motor

215: support

220: lower screw feeder

221: lower screw

222: lower center axis

223: lower motor

224: caulking removal device

225: support

230: outer heating part

240: inner heating part

250: horizontal rotary stirring device

251: screw

252: central axis

253: motor

254: caulking removal device

255: support

260, 260A: vertical rotary stirrer

261: wings

261A: screw

262: central axis

263: motor

265: support

280: belt rotary stirring device

281: transfer plate

282: feed roller

283: motor

285: support

290: stocker stirring device

291: transfer belt

300: second reaction part

310: feeder

313: feeder motor

330: cooling unit

350: screen filter

360: outlet

400: residue storage unit

500: third reaction part

600: chlorine removal reaction unit

610: oil purification reaction unit

620: gasification reaction unit

Claims (21)

1. A first reaction part 200 for treating the combustible material supplied from the supply part 100 with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gas phase component and a pyrolysis residue;

   A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And

   In the continuous pyrolysis apparatus comprising a; residue storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less;

   The first reaction unit 200 includes one or more lower screw feeders 220,

   The pyrolysis residue transferred by the lower screw feeder 220 is discharged to the second reaction unit 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis is the first combustible material. Remains circulated in the reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
2. The method of claim 1,

   The lower screw feeder 220 includes a lower screw 221 and a caulking removal device 224 to eccentric the lower screw 221, and the lower screw 221 is continuously connected to a part of the inner surface of the first reaction part 200. In contact to remove the carbon adhesive formed on the inner surface of the first reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
3. The method of claim 1,

   The first reaction part 200 further includes at least one upper screw feeder 210 positioned on the lower screw feeder 220.

   The pyrolysis residue transferred by the upper screw feeder 210 and the lower screw feeder 220 is discharged to the second reaction part 300, and is sufficiently treated with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis. The non-combustible material is circulated in the first reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein

   Further comprising an inner heating unit 240 located between the upper screw feeder 210 and the lower screw feeder 220,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
5. A first reaction part 200 for treating the combustible material supplied from the supply part 100 with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gas phase component and a pyrolysis residue;

   A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And

   Residual storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising:

   The first reaction unit 200 includes one or more cross-rotating stirring device 250,

   The pyrolysis residue conveyed by the one or more cross-rotating stirring device 250 is discharged to the second reaction unit 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated with any one or more of drying, preheating and pyrolysis is the Remaining and circulated in the first reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein

   The cross-rotating stirring device 250 includes a screw 251 and an eccentric coking removal device 254,

   The screw 251 is in continuous contact with a portion of the inner surface of the caulking removal device 254 to remove the carbon adhesive formed on the inner surface of the first reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
7. A first reaction part 200 for treating the combustible material supplied from the supply part 100 with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gas phase component and a pyrolysis residue;

   A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And

   Residual storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising:

   The first reaction unit 200 includes one or more vertical rotary stirring device 260,

   The pyrolysis residue conveyed by the one or more vertical rotary stirring device 260 is discharged to the second reaction unit 300, and the combustible material that is not sufficiently treated with any one or more of drying, preheating and pyrolysis is the Remaining and circulated in the first reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein

   The vertical rotary stirring device 260 is a screw,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
9. A first reaction part 200 for treating the combustible material supplied from the supply part 100 with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gas phase component and a pyrolysis residue;

   A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And

   Residual storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising:

   The first reaction unit 200 includes a belt rotary stirring device 280 including a plurality of transfer plate 281,

   The pyrolysis residue transferred by the belt rotary stirring device 280 is discharged to the second reaction part 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis is the first combustible material. Remains circulated in the reaction unit 200,

   Continuous pyrolysis unit.
10. The method of claim 9,

    The plurality of transfer plates 281 are spaced apart from each other to form a space, in which the combustible material is located,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
11. A first reaction part 200 for treating the combustible material supplied from the supply part 100 with at least one of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis to generate a first gas phase component and a pyrolysis residue;

    A second reaction part 300 which transfers the pyrolysis residues discharged from the first reaction part 200 and separates the small residues having a predetermined size or less and the excess residues exceeding the predetermined size; And

    Residual storage unit 400 for storing a small residue of the predetermined size or less; In the continuous pyrolysis device comprising:

    The first reaction unit 200 includes a stocker type stirring device 290,

    The pyrolysis residue transferred by the stocker type stirring device 290 is discharged to the second reaction part 300, and the combustible material which is not sufficiently treated with any one or more of drying, preheating, and pyrolysis is the first combustible material. Remains circulated in the reaction unit 200,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,

    And a third reaction part 500 which receives the small residue and oxidizes and combusts to generate a third gas phase component and a combustion residue.

    The third reaction unit 500,

    At least one of the small residue, pyrolysis oil, non-condensed gaseous component, syngas, and the second gaseous component is supplied as a fuel of the third reaction unit 500 to be oxidized and combusted to generate a third gaseous component and combustion residue. doing,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
13. The method according to claim 1, wherein

    The excess residue is discharged to the outside in the continuous pyrolysis device,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
14. The method of claim 12,

    The first reaction unit 200,

    Further comprising an outer heating unit 230 surrounding the outer side of the first reaction unit 200,

    The third gaseous phase component generated by the third reaction part 500 is supplied to any one or more of the first reaction part 200, the outer heating part 230, and the inner heating part 240 so as to provide the third gas phase component. 1 reaction unit 200 is heated,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
15. The method according to claim 1, wherein

    Further comprising a chlorine removal reaction unit 600 for receiving the first gas phase component discharged from the first reaction unit 200 to remove chlorine in the gas phase component,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
16. The method of claim 15,

    The chlorine removal reaction unit 600 includes an oil purification reaction unit 610,

    The oil purification reaction unit 610 receives the first gas phase component to produce pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
17. The method of claim 15,

    The chlorine removal reaction unit 600 includes a gasification reaction unit 620,

    Receiving the first gas phase component and gasifying to produce a synthesis gas;

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
18. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,

    The second reaction unit 300,

    Further comprising a cooling unit 330 for cooling the pyrolysis residues supplied from the first reaction unit 200,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
19. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,

    The second reaction unit 300,

    Receiving a further gasification gas and gasifying the pyrolysis residue to produce a second gaseous component and a gasification residue,

    Continuous pyrolysis unit.
20. (a) supplying a combustible material to the supply unit 100;

    (b) introducing the combustible material into the first reaction part 200 and treating it with at least one of drying, preheating and pyrolysis to produce a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residue;

    (c) introducing the pyrolysis residue into the second reaction part 300, transporting and cooling, and separating the small residue smaller than or equal to a predetermined size and the excess residue larger than the predetermined size;

    (d) introducing the small residue into the residue storage unit 400; And

    (e) introducing one or more of the pyrolysis oil, the non-condensed gas component, and the small residue formed from the first gas phase component into the third reaction part 500, followed by oxidizing and burning to generate the third gas phase component and the combustion residue. It includes;

    In the step (b), the combustible material that is not dried, preheated or pyrolyzed remains in the first reaction part 200 and circulated.

    The excess residue transported to the rear end in the step (c) is discharged to the outside,

    Continuous pyrolysis process.
21. (a) supplying a combustible material to the supply unit 100;

    (b) introducing the combustible material into the first reaction part 200 and treating it with at least one of drying, preheating and pyrolysis to produce a first gaseous component and pyrolysis residue;

    (c1) introducing and transferring the pyrolysis residue to the second reaction part 300 and gasifying the pyrolysis residue by receiving a gasification gas to generate a second gaseous component and gasification residue;

    (d1) introducing the gasification residue into a residue storage unit 400; And

    (e1) introducing at least one of pyrolysis oil and non-condensing gas components, second gas phase components, and gasification residues generated from the first gas phase component into the third reaction part 500, and then oxidizing and burning the third gas phase component and Generating combustion residues;

    In the step (b), the combustible material that is not dried, preheated or pyrolyzed remains in the first reaction part 200 and circulated.

    Continuous pyrolysis process.

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