WO2017102956A1 - Schaltungsanordnung zur signaleinprägung eines lektrischen signals in eine elektrochemische energieliefervorrichtung - Google Patents
Schaltungsanordnung zur signaleinprägung eines lektrischen signals in eine elektrochemische energieliefervorrichtung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017102956A1 WO2017102956A1 PCT/EP2016/081210 EP2016081210W WO2017102956A1 WO 2017102956 A1 WO2017102956 A1 WO 2017102956A1 EP 2016081210 W EP2016081210 W EP 2016081210W WO 2017102956 A1 WO2017102956 A1 WO 2017102956A1
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- signal
- energy delivery
- delivery device
- coupling capacitor
- impressed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04589—Current of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04574—Current
- H01M8/04597—Current of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/217—Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for impressing an electrical alternating signal in an electrochemical energy delivery device by means of a control device, in which a coupling capacitor is connected in series between the control device and the energy supply device during the period of the signal injection.
- the invention relates to a circuit arrangement with which the method according to the invention can advantageously be realized technically. It is a circuit arrangement for impressing an electrical alternating signal in an electrochemical energy delivery device by means of a control device, comprising the control device for outputting an output signal corresponding to the Consbrgende alternating signal for embossing in the energy delivery device, wherein the output signal based on at least one set by the control device setpoint of the alternating signal to be impressed is determined, and at least one of the control device downstream, at least during the period of the signal injection in series with the energy delivery device connected coupling capacitor.
- the invention relates to an energy conversion system comprising an electrochemical energy delivery device and an inventive
- electrochemical energy delivery device is understood below to mean electrochemical energy storage devices and energy conversion devices which have an internal electrical voltage as well as the capability of supplying a load current, The current-voltage characteristic of such energy converters is often at least partially non-linear.
- the impressing of signals into electrochemical energy supply devices may be necessary, for example, in the application of methods in which the operating state of the electrochemical energy delivery device is to be deduced by measuring voltage and / or current signal responses.
- Such a method has become known, for example, from the document EP 1 646 101 B1, in which, for example, a predeterminable low-frequency current signal is impressed into a fuel cell stack and, by comparison with a response signal measured at the fuel cell stack, typically a voltage signal, in particular by comparison of the harmonic components two signals, the operating state of the individual cells of the fuel cell stack can be deduced.
- a response signal measured at the fuel cell stack typically a voltage signal, in particular by comparison of the harmonic components two signals
- the operating state of the individual cells of the fuel cell stack can be deduced.
- the operating state of the fuel cell stack can be deduced by comparing the harmonic content of the impressed signal with the harmonic content of the response signal that is distorted due to the non-linear behavior of the fuel cell stack.
- EP 1 646 101 B1 an output signal in the form of a current signal i (t) (see FIG. 1 of EP 1 646 101 B1) is impressed in a fuel cell stack. Since, in the arrangement according to FIG. 6 of EP 1 646 101 B1, the transmission path between the signal source of the signal i (t) to be impressed and the fuel cell is largely free of nonlinearities, the output signal i (t) can be used directly in EP 1 646 101 B1 the signal injected into the fuel cell stack. The specification of the signal to be impressed can therefore be carried out according to EP 1 646 101 B1 as a simple control. A non-linearity of the transmission path, which covers the output signal to the fuel cell stack, can not be compensated.
- An object of the invention is therefore to provide a method which overcomes the disadvantage mentioned above and in which it is ensured that the actual value of a signal to be impressed (actual signal) largely coincides with the desired value of the signal to be impressed, namely independently of whether the transmission path has a non-linear transmission behavior.
- control device a) output of an output signal corresponding to the alternating signal to be impressed for impressing in the energy delivery device, wherein the output signal is set on the basis of at least one part of the control device C) comparison of the actual signal with the desired value of the alternating signal to be impressed; and d) regulation of the output signal to minimize the deviation between the actual signal Signal and the nominal value of the alternating signal to be impressed.
- the signal to be impressed is preferably a Alternating signal with frequency components between 0.1 Hz and 20 kHz, in particular between 1 Hz and 2 kHz.
- the desired value of the alternating signal to be impressed into the energy delivery device represents a current signal and the actual signal applied to the energy delivery device represents the actual value of the impressed current signal.
- a specifiable current profile can be impressed into the energy delivery device (also referred to below as "test object") .
- the regulation is designed as current regulation in that impedance changes of the energy delivery device, in particular in the case of a short circuit of the energy delivery device, do not lead to impermissibly high impressed currents.
- the desired value of the alternating signal to be impressed into the energy delivery device represents a voltage signal and the actual signal applied to the energy delivery device represents the actual value of the impressed voltage signal. In this way, a voltage regulation or a voltage impression is implemented.
- the actual voltage of the coupling capacitor is compared with the actual voltage of the energy delivery device for determining a voltage difference, wherein i) is switched to a disconnected state when a predefinable first value is exceeded, in which the impression of the einzugrgende change signal is interrupted and the coupling capacitor is connected in parallel to the energy supply device to reduce the voltage difference, preferably during the period of parallel connection of the coupling capacitor, a resistor to ii) is switched at a point i) below a predetermined second value in a Signaleingargeschreib in which the capacitor connected in series with the energy delivery device and the signal imprint according to the steps in the series capacitor is connected in series in order to limit the charging current in the coupling capacitor a) to d) is continued.
- the measurement of the voltage difference between the coupling capacitor and the energy delivery device and the result-dependent charge of the coupling capacitor according to point i) and the subsequent series connection according to point ii) makes it possible to detect voltage fluctuations that may occur during operation of the energy delivery device, for example, and the voltage level of the capacitor accordingly so that the signal imprint can be continued in point ii). If the predefinable first value is not exceeded, it can be continued with the signal impression. If the first value is exceeded, the signal input is interrupted and will not be resumed until after the second value has been undershot.
- the first value is usually slightly below the supply voltage of the signal impression and, for example for supply voltages in the amount of approximately 50 V, can be between 30 and 45 V, preferably ⁇ 40V.
- the second value is smaller than the first value and is eg between 20% and 70% of the first value.
- the value is ⁇ 40V, it may be ⁇ 15V.
- the output signal is limited to a maximum current value, preferably to a maximum of 2 A.
- the course of the voltage at the energy delivery device and the current is measured by the energy supply device and is concluded by comparing the harmonic components of voltage and current to the operating state of the energy delivery device.
- harmonic analysis has proven to be a way to detect the operating state of electrochemical energy delivery devices that have a non-linear voltage-current characteristic.
- the harmonic analysis for detecting the operating state of an electrochemical energy storage / converter is, however, only one exemplary application in which the imprinting of a low-distortion signal in an electrochemical energy delivery device is desired.
- control device is designed as a regulated power amplifier, during the time duration of the signal injection at least one corresponding to the output signal applied to the energy delivery device actual signal is returned, wherein the regulated power amplifier is adapted to the voltage applied to the energy delivery device actual signal to compare with the setpoint of Consbrägenden alternating signal and to control the output signal to minimize the deviation between the actual signal and the setpoint of the signal to be impressed.
- the desired value of the signal to be impressed can be predetermined, for example, by a signal generator.
- the design of the control device as a regulated power amplifier allows a particularly low harmonic signal input signal.
- the desired value of the alternating signal to be impressed into the energy delivery device represents a current signal and the actual signal applied to the energy delivery device represents the actual value of the impressed current signal. In this way, a current regulation is given.
- the desired value of the alternating signal to be impressed into the energy delivery device represents a voltage signal and the actual signal applied to the energy delivery device represents the actual value of the impressed voltage signal. In this way, a voltage regulation is given.
- the regulated power amplifier has a signal output for feeding the electrical alternating signal into the energy delivery device
- the circuit arrangement further comprises a switching device for switchably connecting the signal output of the regulated power amplifier to the energy supply device, wherein the switching device is adapted to the actual Voltage of the coupling capacitor with actual Compare voltage of the power supply device for detecting a voltage difference, and i) to switch to a disconnected state when a predetermined first value is exceeded, in which the impression of the einzugrgende change signal is interrupted and the coupling capacitor is connected in parallel to the energy supply device to reduce the voltage difference, wherein Preferably, during the period of the parallel connection of the coupling capacitor, a resistor is connected in series to the coupling capacitor to limit the charging current in the coupling capacitor, and ii) at a point i) below a predeterminable second value in a signal injection state, in which the Capacitor connected in series to the power supply device to continue the signal injection.
- the coupling capacitor is thereby connected in series, that subtract the voltages in series connection with the power supply device with sign-correct addition, so that can be done for the coupling of alternating signals with low voltage levels of the alternating signals.
- at least one first switching element is arranged between the signal output and the coupling capacitor, wherein at least one second switching element for connecting the coupling capacitor in parallel, which is preferably connected in series with the resistor for limiting the charging current, is provided with the energy supply device, wherein the switching device is adapted to close depending on the detected voltage difference, the first switching element and to open the second switching element and vice versa.
- the resistance to limit the charging current is as ohmic resistance formed and the second switching element upstream or downstream.
- an auxiliary capacitor is arranged, wherein the coupling capacitor and the auxiliary capacitor are designed as unipolar capacitors, preferably as electrolytic capacitors, and are connected to the energy supply device to each other opposite polarized in series, wherein the two Capacitors each having at least one diode connected in parallel as reverse polarity protection, wherein the second switching element is connected to a lying between the capacitors branch point with the coupling capacitor.
- the coupling capacitor and the auxiliary capacitor are designed as unipolar capacitors, preferably as electrolytic capacitors, and are connected to the energy supply device to each other opposite polarized in series, wherein the two Capacitors each having at least one diode connected in parallel as reverse polarity protection, wherein the second switching element is connected to a lying between the capacitors branch point with the coupling capacitor.
- the capacitors are connected in parallel Diodes, which may be designed in particular as Schottky diodes, are protected against reverse polarity.
- the auxiliary capacitor is arranged between the signal output of the control device and the branch point and the coupling capacitor between the branch point and the energy delivery device, wherein the dielectric strength of the auxiliary capacitor between 1/20 and 1/5, preferably between 1/13 and 1/8 of the dielectric strength of the coupling capacitor , wherein the dielectric strength of the auxiliary capacitor in particular between 40 and 60 V and the dielectric strength of the coupling capacitor is in particular between 400 and 600 V.
- the auxiliary capacitor could also be omitted become. However, it can be ensured by the auxiliary capacitor, that even if the voltage of the device under test is smaller than the supply voltage of the signal injection (eg 50V) reversal of the coupling capacitor takes place.
- an ohmic resistance is connected in parallel to this preferably.
- the connection of the signal output to the energy supply device must be closed via the first switching element, so that the alternating signal to be impressed can be transmitted via the series circuit of auxiliary capacitor and coupling capacitor to the energy supply device.
- Modern electrochemical energy delivery devices such as those used for the power supply of electric vehicles, may have rated operating voltages of 500 V and higher. The operating voltage may depend strongly on the operating state of the energy delivery device (ie an energy storage device or an energy converter) and may well have fluctuations of up to 50% of the nominal voltage or more.
- the regulated power amplifier is designed as a class D power amplifier, which is preferably set up to output PWM-modulated signals to the signal output.
- the pulse width modulated signals have a signal level of, for example, a maximum of ⁇ 50V at a switching frequency of, for example, 300 to 400 kHz.
- Class D power amplifiers have a very high signal quality, which can ensure that the signal is impressed with a low harmonic distortion.
- the regulated power amplifier is preferably designed in a clocked half-bridge topology (class D amplifier) in order to carry out the signal injection with low loss, cost and energy efficiency.
- the power supply of the signal input is usually limited (to eg: ⁇ 25V to ⁇ 50V). As long as the voltage of the energy delivery device is smaller than the Supply voltage of the signal input is theoretically just as a signal injection without the addition of the coupling capacitor possible.
- the regulated power amplifier leads to the signal output, in particular a low-pass filter, particularly preferably a class-D
- Amplifier reconstruction filter for smoothing the secretssprgenden via the signal output electrical alternating signal.
- the object mentioned above is achieved with an energy conversion system which has an electrochemical energy delivery device and a circuit arrangement according to the invention for impressing an electrical alternating signal into the electrochemical energy delivery device.
- the electrochemical energy delivery device is a fuel cell or a battery, in particular a NiMh or a lithium-ion battery.
- the fuel cell may e.g. be operated as an electrolyzer.
- the term "fuel cell” is understood to mean both a single cell and a fuel cell stack, consisting of a series connection of a plurality of individual cells .
- a battery can likewise consist of a single cell or a series and / or parallel circuit can have a plurality of cells
- the electrochemical energy delivery device is typically a DC voltage.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 shows 1 shows an electrical equivalent circuit diagram of an arrangement for feeding an electrical alternating signal into an energy supply according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 shows a development of the electrical equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram of an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed representation of a development of the embodiment according to FIG. 3.
- FIG. 1 shows an electrical equivalent circuit diagram of an arrangement for feeding an alternating electrical signal into a power supply device according to the prior art.
- a voltage source Ue suffices for this purpose, by means of which an alternating signal can be impressed into an electrochemical energy delivery device 1.
- the energy supply device 1 typically has a capacitance Ci and an internal resistance Ri.
- test object the energy delivery device 1
- AC alternating current
- FIG. 2 shows a development of the electrical equivalent circuit diagram of Figure 1, in which a coupling capacitor C k is provided.
- This arrangement corresponds in principle to the circuit which has become known from EP 1646101 B1.
- EP 1646101 B1 it is proposed to use a coupling capacitor C k for the separation of the AC signals from the DC signals, which is connected between the impressing circuit and the energy supply device 1.
- the coupling capacitor C k it must, which must be charged by the DC high stack voltage U sta ck, have a very large capacity, eg 0.01 F in order to enable also the impression of low frequency alternating signals with reasonable voltage levels.
- the test current to be impressed is in the Circuit according to EP 1646101 B1 predetermined by a simple control. In the event that the transmission path from the embossing circuit to the energy delivery device has a non-linear behavior, the signal to be impressed is correspondingly influenced and falsified along the transmission path.
- Figure 3 shows an electrical equivalent diagram of an embodiment of the invention, this is according to the invention capable of non-linear behavior of the transmission path and to compensate by controlling an output signal S ou t the deviation between an actual signal S, and the set value S SO II of to minimize the alternating signal to be impressed.
- 3 shows a circuit arrangement 3 according to the invention for impressing an electrical alternating signal into an electrochemical energy delivery device 1 by means of a control device 2.
- the circuit arrangement 3 has the control device 2 for outputting an output signal S ou t corresponding to the alternating signal to be impressed and at least one of the control device 2 downstream coupling capacitor C k on.
- the output signal S ou t is determined on the basis of at least one set by the control device 2 setpoint S so n (in the present example, the target value S so n by the output signal U so n of a signal generator) of the alternating signal gross josgenden.
- the coupling capacitor C K is connected in series with the energy supply device 1 during the period of the signal injection.
- the control device 2 is embodied as a regulated power amplifier to which at least one actual signal Si St , which corresponds to the output signal S ou t and is applied to the energy supply device 1, is fed back during the time duration of the signal injection, wherein the regulated power amplifier is adapted to operate on the
- Energy supply device 1 applied actual signal S is to be compared with the setpoint S so n of facultybrägenden alternating signal and the output signal Sout to minimize the deviation between the actual signal S ac t and the setpoint S so n of the signal to be impressed to control.
- control device 2 or the power amplifier has a signal output A1 for feeding the electrical alternating signal into the energy delivery device 1, the circuit arrangement 3 furthermore having a switching device 4 for switchably connecting the signal output A1 of the regulated power amplifier to the energy supply device 1, wherein the switching device 4 is set up to compare the actual voltage U Lo ad of the coupling capacitor C k with the actual voltage Ustack of the energy supply device 1 for detecting a voltage difference, and i) when a predeterminable first value is exceeded, to switch to an interruption state in which the imprint of the is to be impressed change signal is interrupted and the coupling capacitor C k is connected in parallel to the power supply device 1 to reduce the voltage difference, preferably during the period of the parallel connection of the coupling capacitor C k ei n resistor Rßaiance to the coupling capacitor C k is connected in series to limit the charging current in the coupling capacitor C k , and ii) at a point i) below a predetermined second value to switch to a signal injection state
- a first switching element S1 further comprising a second switching element is at least S2 provided for parallel connection of the coupling capacitor C k to the power supply device 1, wherein the switching device is set 4 to depending on the detected voltage difference to close the first switching element 1 and the second switching element 2 to open and vice versa.
- the determination of the voltage difference and the control of the switching elements 1 and 2 can be done for example via a comparator COMP, which may be formed as part of the switching device 4.
- the output signal S ou t is preferably provided that the regulated power amplifier to the signal output A1 a reconstruction filter 5, in particular a low-pass filter, particularly preferably a class-D amplifier reconstruction filter, via which the output signal S ou t to the signal output A1 passed becomes.
- a reconstruction filter 5 in particular a low-pass filter, particularly preferably a class-D amplifier reconstruction filter, via which the output signal S ou t to the signal output A1 passed becomes.
- a coupling capacitor Ck with large capacity is required in order to impress at voltages in the range of 30 to 50 V currents in the order of 2 A in the energy delivery device 1 can.
- Large coupling capacitors for high operating voltages of eg 500 V are usually available as unipolar electrolytic capacitors. In general, they show a sufficiently linear behavior, but they can only be operated with the correct polarity. Thus, the sign of the differential voltage at the coupling capacitor Ck must always be the same. This operating condition is met when the residual stress U sta ck the electrochemical energy delivery device 1 and the DUT (eg 500 V) is always higher than the maximum voltage of counselbrägenden alternating signal (eg maximum 50 V).
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed representation of said further development of the embodiment according to FIG. 3.
- an auxiliary capacitor C h is arranged between the coupling capacitor C k and the signal output A1, wherein the coupling capacitor C k and the auxiliary capacitor C h are designed as unipolar capacitors, preferably as electrolytic capacitors are.
- the two capacitors Ch and Ck are connected to the energy supply device 1 mutually opposite polarized in series, wherein the two capacitors in each case at least one diode, in the present case, the Schottky diodes D3 and D4, are connected in parallel as reverse polarity protection.
- the second switching element S2 is connected to the coupling capacitor C k at a branch point P2 lying between the capacitors.
- a resistor R-B50 (with a dielectric strength of 50 V) having a resistance value of the order of, for example, 600 to 1000 ohms is connected in parallel with the auxiliary capacitor C h .
- This resistor can be constantly connected in parallel to the auxiliary capacitor C h and discharges this, whereby the provision of a further switch can be omitted. Since the auxiliary capacitor Ch is exposed only to a maximum of the supply voltage of the circuit 3 (eg 50V) this can have a significantly lower compared to the coupling capacitor Ch voltage resistance (eg 50V withstand voltage for the auxiliary capacitor and eg 500V withstand voltage for the coupling capacitor).
- the Resistance Räaiance have a dielectric strength of 500V and a value of about 220-250 ohms to the charging current in the coupling capacitor C k at voltage jumps of 500V to also max. 2A limit.
- the comparator COMP is preferably a window comparator W-COMP1, which is set up to monitor the voltage at point P3.
- the switching elements S1 and S2 can be controlled by the comparator COMP, so that is switched on a predeterminable first value is exceeded in an interruption state by the first switching element S1 is opened and the second switching element S2 is closed, so that the coupling capacitor Ck can be loaded by the DUT until the voltage difference falls below a predetermined second value, whereupon the second switching element 2 is opened and the first switching element 1 is closed and can be continued with the signal injection.
- class D amplifier switching amplifier
- switching amplifier switching amplifier
- L, C, R relatively high switching frequency reconstruction filter
- a further control loop may optionally be used which, as usual, is designed as a self-excited oscillator and optionally operates in combination with the control circuit for voltage regulation.
- the security measures already implemented in the amplifier module prove to be particularly advantageous for protecting the sensitive power electronics.
- the capacitor C-IN symbolizes an AC coupling, so that AC signals can be impressed by the signal generator.
- the invention also relates to a method for impressing an electrical alternating signal in an electrochemical energy delivery device 1 by means of a control device 2, in which a coupling capacitor Ck is connected in series between the control device 2 and the power supply device 1 during the period of the signal injection, comprising the following by the control device 2 executed steps: a) output of an output signal S ou t corresponding to the alternating signal to be impressed for impressing into the energy delivery device 1, the output signal S ou t being based on at least a part of the control apparatus 2 selected setpoint value S set of the to be impressed alternating signal is determined, b) detecting a corresponding to the output signal applied to the energy delivery device 1 I st signal Si St, c) comparison of the actual signal Si St with the set value S set of the alternating signal to be impressed and d) regulation of the output signal S ou t to minimize the deviation between the actual signal S is and the setpoint S set of constructivebrägenden alternating signal.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to an energy conversion system, comprising an electrochemical energy delivery device 1 and a circuit arrangement 3 according to the invention.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201680073892.5A CN108701846B (zh) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-15 | 用于将电信号加入电化学供能装置中的电路布置结构 |
US16/063,306 US11056700B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-15 | Circuit arrangement for impressing an electrical signal into an electrochemical energy supply device |
DE112016005800.4T DE112016005800A5 (de) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-15 | Schaltungsanordnung zur signaleinprägung eines elektrischen signals in eine elektrochemische energieliefervorrichtung |
CA3008716A CA3008716A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-15 | Circuit arrangement for impressing an electric signal into an electrochemical energy supply device |
JP2018531652A JP7037484B2 (ja) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-15 | 電気信号を電気化学エネルギー供給装置に印加するための回路構成 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ATA797/2015 | 2015-12-17 | ||
ATA797/2015A AT517714B1 (de) | 2015-12-17 | 2015-12-17 | Schaltungsanordnung zur Signaleinprägung eines elektrischen Signals in eine elektrochemische Energieliefervorrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2017102956A1 true WO2017102956A1 (de) | 2017-06-22 |
Family
ID=57570080
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/EP2016/081210 WO2017102956A1 (de) | 2015-12-17 | 2016-12-15 | Schaltungsanordnung zur signaleinprägung eines lektrischen signals in eine elektrochemische energieliefervorrichtung |
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---|---|
US (1) | US11056700B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7037484B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN108701846B (de) |
AT (1) | AT517714B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3008716A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112016005800A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017102956A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
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US11654135B2 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2023-05-23 | Moonshot Pharma Llc | Methods for treating colon cancer with compositions comprising amlexanox and immune checkpoint inhibitors |
US11957678B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2024-04-16 | Moonshot Pharma Llc | Methods for inducing an immune response |
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WO2023055831A1 (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-04-06 | Iontra Inc | Systems and methods for on-board ev charger and regenerative braking |
AT526012A1 (de) | 2022-03-17 | 2023-10-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Prüfanordnung für einen elektrochemischen Zellstapel |
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- 2016-12-15 JP JP2018531652A patent/JP7037484B2/ja active Active
- 2016-12-15 CN CN201680073892.5A patent/CN108701846B/zh active Active
- 2016-12-15 DE DE112016005800.4T patent/DE112016005800A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-12-15 WO PCT/EP2016/081210 patent/WO2017102956A1/de active Application Filing
- 2016-12-15 CA CA3008716A patent/CA3008716A1/en active Pending
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US11957678B2 (en) | 2015-12-23 | 2024-04-16 | Moonshot Pharma Llc | Methods for inducing an immune response |
US11654135B2 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2023-05-23 | Moonshot Pharma Llc | Methods for treating colon cancer with compositions comprising amlexanox and immune checkpoint inhibitors |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11056700B2 (en) | 2021-07-06 |
AT517714A4 (de) | 2017-04-15 |
JP7037484B2 (ja) | 2022-03-16 |
CN108701846B (zh) | 2021-05-11 |
CN108701846A (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
AT517714B1 (de) | 2017-04-15 |
DE112016005800A5 (de) | 2018-10-11 |
CA3008716A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 |
JP2019502116A (ja) | 2019-01-24 |
US20180375134A1 (en) | 2018-12-27 |
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