WO2017199924A1 - 食品用添加剤 - Google Patents
食品用添加剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017199924A1 WO2017199924A1 PCT/JP2017/018252 JP2017018252W WO2017199924A1 WO 2017199924 A1 WO2017199924 A1 WO 2017199924A1 JP 2017018252 W JP2017018252 W JP 2017018252W WO 2017199924 A1 WO2017199924 A1 WO 2017199924A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- anion
- food
- cellulose
- modified cellulose
- cnf
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021067 refined food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 145
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 44
- 235000012149 noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 31
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 25
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- -1 phosphate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 9
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 8
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005517 mercerization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000020991 processed meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003124 powdered cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019814 powdered cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YBHQCJILTOVLHD-YVMONPNESA-N Mirin Chemical compound S1C(N)=NC(=O)\C1=C\C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YBHQCJILTOVLHD-YVMONPNESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Polydextrose Polymers OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)O1 DLRVVLDZNNYCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000004584 Tamarindus indica Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004298 Tamarindus indica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002036 drum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000015220 hamburgers Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJYQVRBDBPBZTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;nitric acid Chemical compound OC.O[N+]([O-])=O KJYQVRBDBPBZTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021485 packed food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004736 wide-angle X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone Chemical compound CCN1CCCC1=O ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-methoxy-3-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]ethanone Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=O)C=C1CN1CCCCC1 OSNILPMOSNGHLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZSFTHVIIGGDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3-[2-methyl-3-[(4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3-oxoisoindol-1-yl)amino]anilino]isoindol-1-one Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C2=C1C(NC1=CC=CC(NC=3C4=C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C4Cl)Cl)C(=O)N=3)=C1C)=NC2=O WZSFTHVIIGGDOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589220 Acetobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000251557 Ascidiacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000001884 Cassia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000218631 Coniferophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001879 Curdlan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002558 Curdlan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000569 Gum karaya Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000090599 Plantago psyllium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010451 Plantago psyllium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001100 Polydextrose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000934878 Sterculia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001938 Vegetable gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002000 Xyloglucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNOZWUKQPJXOIG-XSBHQQIPSA-L [(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[[(1r,3s,4r,5r,8s)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl]oxy]-4-[[(1r,3r,4r,5r,8s)-8-[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6r)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2,6-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-yl]oxy]-5-hydroxy-2-( Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H]2OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]1[C@H]([C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]3[C@@H]4OC[C@H]3O[C@H](O)[C@@H]4O)[C@@H]1O)OS([O-])(=O)=O)[C@@H]2O ZNOZWUKQPJXOIG-XSBHQQIPSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AUNAPVYQLLNFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Pb++].[Pb++].[Pb++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O Chemical compound [Pb++].[Pb++].[Pb++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O AUNAPVYQLLNFOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GLMOMDXKLRBTDY-UHFFFAOYSA-A [V+5].[V+5].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [V+5].[V+5].[V+5].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GLMOMDXKLRBTDY-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006321 anionic cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000305 astragalus gummifer gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940036348 bismuth carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940049676 bismuth hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TZSXPYWRDWEXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth;trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Bi+3] TZSXPYWRDWEXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium sulfide Chemical compound [Cd]=S CJOBVZJTOIVNNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BIOOACNPATUQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O BIOOACNPATUQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019318 cassia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MMXSKTNPRXHINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] MMXSKTNPRXHINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- PZTQVMXMKVTIRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl2028348 Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C(C([O-])=O)=CC2=CC=CC=C12 PZTQVMXMKVTIRC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007841 coal based oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PGTIPSRGRGGDQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;oxozinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Cu]=O PGTIPSRGRGGDQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019316 curdlan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940078035 curdlan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQUIAMCJEJUUJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O DQUIAMCJEJUUJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GMZOPRQQINFLPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H dibismuth;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GMZOPRQQINFLPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020993 ground meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CO XLSMFKSTNGKWQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940035429 isobutyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000231 karaya gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940039371 karaya gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead sulfate Chemical compound [PbH4+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PIJPYDMVFNTHIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N levoglucosan Chemical group O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2CO[C@@H]1O2 TWNIBLMWSKIRAT-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010187 litholrubine BK Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020332 matcha tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013586 microbial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019449 other food additives Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- WOTPFVNWMLFMFW-ISLYRVAYSA-N para red Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2C=CC=CC2=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(N(=O)=O)C=C1 WOTPFVNWMLFMFW-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012736 patent blue V Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)O UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013856 polydextrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001259 polydextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035035 polydextrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013324 preserved food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000011962 puddings Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019685 rice crackers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019615 sensations Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012046 side dish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001941 soy protein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010491 tara gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000213 tara gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical compound OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006389 thiodiglycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004992 toluidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012002 vanadium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011845 white flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/03—Organic compounds
- A23L29/035—Organic compounds containing oxygen as heteroatom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
- A23L29/206—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of vegetable origin
- A23L29/262—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/56—Liquid products; Solid products in the form of powders, flakes or granules for making liquid products, e.g. for making chocolate milk, drinks and the products for their preparation, pastes for spreading or milk crumb
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L23/00—Soups; Sauces; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/11—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using oil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/109—Types of pasta, e.g. macaroni or noodles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/157—Farinaceous granules for dressing meat, fish or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B11/00—Preparation of cellulose ethers
- C08B11/02—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers
- C08B11/04—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers with substituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C08B11/10—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers with substituted hydrocarbon radicals substituted with acid radicals
- C08B11/12—Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers with substituted hydrocarbon radicals substituted with acid radicals substituted with carboxylic radicals, e.g. carboxymethylcellulose [CMC]
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a food additive, and specifically relates to a food additive capable of improving or imparting quality and physical properties such as shape retention, water retention and dispersion stability to food such as processed food.
- Patent Document 1 by using okara that has been finely processed so as to have an average particle size of 5 to 40 ⁇ m as a raw material for processed processed meat, it is possible to improve the yield after baking of processed processed meat and prevent drip during freezing and thawing. It is disclosed that a soft and juicy texture can be obtained without losing the effect and texture.
- processed meat such as minced meat or fish processed food raw material obtained by directly adding kneaded gellan gum and water and kneading is processed by freezing, retort sterilization or the like. It is disclosed that the decrease in volume is suppressed and the texture such as flavor and juiciness is not impaired.
- Patent Document 3 describes processing of meat buns, etc. by encapsulating ingredients including foods such as meat, vegetables, seasonings and the like and sol / gelling agents such as gelatin and collagen powder in an outer packaging.
- a method for producing a food is disclosed, and by such a method, the ingredients have a shape-retaining property that can be handled, and it is disclosed that when the temperature exceeds room temperature, it is solated to restore fluidity.
- Patent Document 4 a low molecular weight collagen peptide having an average molecular weight of 1000 to 5000 is added by 0.5 wt% to 2.0 wt% with respect to the total amount of the material of the Madeleine cake using wheat flour or rice flour.
- a method of imparting quality improvement effects such as texture improvement and moisture change suppression is disclosed.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a fried food obtained by arranging an acidic oil-in-water emulsion containing fats and oils, enzyme-treated egg yolk, methylcellulose, and water.
- Patent Document 6 discloses that an edible sauce containing a paste made of sodium carboxymethylcellulose having a 2% aqueous solution viscosity of 100 to 20000 mPa ⁇ s and an etherification degree of 0.3 to 2.2 is obtained over time. It is disclosed that there is no change and it is excellent in gloss, transparency, thixotropy and viscosity.
- Patent Document 7 0.5% by weight or more of powdered cellulose and natural gums, natural starch, modified starch and the like are added to liquid raw materials such as water, soy sauce and isomerized sugar, and the mixture is stirred and thickened. It is disclosed that the seasoning composition obtained by making it useful is useful as a coating dripping with less dripping when applied to a food material or the like.
- Patent Document 8 adds thickening polysaccharides, gelling agents, and starch as a viscosity regulator when dripping meat containing 10% by weight or more of oil and fat and baking it over charcoal. By doing so, it is disclosed that the viscosity of the sag can be increased and the meat can be sufficiently adhered.
- Patent Document 9 discloses a food-grade dispersion which is carboxymethylcellulose or a salt thereof having a carboxymethyl substitution degree per glucose unit of 0.01 to 0.40 and a crystallinity of cellulose I of 40% or more and less than 88%. Stabilizers are disclosed.
- Patent Document 10 discloses a cellulose having an average fiber diameter of less than 100 nm and a ratio of an average fiber length to an average fiber diameter of 2000 or more as a method for increasing the strength of viscoelastic foods (for example, gummy and noodles).
- a food product comprising nanofibers is disclosed.
- Patent Document 11 discloses a method for producing a cereal flour-containing dough having an increased strength, including a step of blending bionanofiber into a cereal flour-containing dough.
- JP 2002-204675 A JP 2007-222201 A JP 2001-128650 A Japanese Patent No. 5203336 JP 2001-037425 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-194335 JP-A-6-141815 Japanese Patent No. 5666736 JP2015-149929A JP 2013-236585 A JP 2016-027795 A
- the target food is limited to specific processed foods such as processed foods (such as noodles) made from cereal flour, and cellulose nanofibers that can improve the quality of various processed foods The physical properties of were not fully considered.
- the present invention when added to foods such as processed foods, can improve the quality and physical properties such as water retention, shape retention, dispersion stability, etc. It aims at providing the food additive which does not impair the characteristic of this, and the foodstuff containing this.
- a food additive containing anion-modified cellulose nanofibers [1] A food additive containing anion-modified cellulose nanofibers. [2] The food additive according to [1], wherein the degree of carboxymethyl substitution per glucose unit of the anion-modified cellulose nanofiber is in the range of 0.01 to 0.50. [3] The water content of the anion-modified cellulose nanofiber is 12% by mass or less, and the CNF dispersion index of the anion-modified cellulose nanofiber obtained by the following steps (1) to (5) is 8000 or less. The food additive according to [1] or [2]. Step (1): The anion-modified cellulose nanofibers are added to 25 ° C.
- Step (2) An anion-modified cellulose nanofiber dispersion containing the color material obtained in the above step (1) is sandwiched between two glass plates to form a film having a thickness of 0.15 mm between the two glass plates.
- Step (3) a step of observing the film obtained in the step (2) with a microscope (magnification: 100 times);
- Step (4): The major axis of the aggregate present in the range of 3 mm ⁇ 2.3 mm of the film observed in the above step (3) is measured, and the aggregate is extra large: an aggregate having a major axis of 150 ⁇ m or more, large: major axis Agglomerates of 100 ⁇ m or more and less than 150 ⁇ m, middle: agglomerates having a major axis of 50 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m, small: aggregating agglomerates of major axis of 20 ⁇ m or more and less than 50 ⁇ m; and step (5): each agglomeration classified in the above step (4) Step of calculating the CNF dispersion index by substituting the number of objects into the following formula: CNF dispersion index (number of oversized agglomerates ⁇ 512 + number of large agglomerates ⁇ 64 + number of
- Step (3) a step of observing the film obtained in the step (2) with a microscope (magnification: 100 times);
- Step (4): The major axis of the aggregate present in the range of 3 mm ⁇ 2.3 mm of the film observed in the above step (3) is measured, and the aggregate is extra large: an aggregate having a major axis of 150 ⁇ m or more, large: major axis Agglomerates of 100 ⁇ m or more and less than 150 ⁇ m, middle: agglomerates having a major axis of 50 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m, small: a step of classifying agglomerates of major axis of 20 ⁇ m or more and less than 50 ⁇ m; Step of calculating the CNF dispersion index by counting the number of aggregates and substituting them into the following formula: CNF dispersion index (number of oversized aggregates ⁇ 512 + number of large aggregates ⁇ 64 + number of aggregates in ⁇ 8 + number of small aggregates ⁇ 1) ⁇
- [6] A fried food containing the food additive according to any one of [1] to [4].
- [7] A dispersed beverage containing the food additive according to any one of [1] to [4].
- [8] A processed grain flour food containing the food additive according to any one of [1] to [4].
- the quality and physical properties such as water retention, shape retention and dispersion stability can be improved, and the food texture and flavor inherently possessed by foods can be improved. It is possible to provide an additive for food that is not impaired and a food containing the same.
- the food additive of the present invention contains anion-modified cellulose nanofiber (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “anion-modified CNF”).
- anion-modified CNF anion-modified cellulose nanofiber
- anion-modified CNF has a carboxymethyl group
- a food to which an anion-modified CNF is added has water retention, Presumed to have excellent shape retention.
- anion-modified CNF is not spinnable and highly viscous when dispersed in water, and cellulose is tasteless and odorless.
- the stability can be improved, and it is presumed that characteristics such as texture and flavor inherently possessed by the food are not impaired.
- the anion-modified CNF is a nanoscale fibrous body having a structure in which an anionic functional group is introduced into cellulose.
- the anionic functional group is usually introduced into at least one hydroxy group of the glucose unit constituting the cellulose.
- An anionic functional group means a functional group that takes the form of an anion in water, and examples thereof include a carboxyl group, a carboxymethyl group, a sulfone group, a phosphate group, and a nitro group.
- Anion-modified CNF is usually a fine fiber having a fiber width of 4 to 500 nm and an aspect ratio of 20 or more.
- the average fiber length and the average fiber diameter can be calculated as an average value of the fiber lengths and fiber diameters of 200 fibers randomly selected from observation images of a field emission scanning electron microscope.
- the aspect ratio can be calculated as a value of the ratio of the average fiber length to the average fiber diameter.
- Examples of the method for producing an anion-modified CNF include a method including an anion modification treatment in which an anion group is introduced into a cellulose raw material and a defibration treatment performed as necessary.
- the cellulose which passed through the anion modification process is called anion modified cellulose.
- cellulose raw material examples include plant materials (for example, wood, bamboo, hemp, jute, kenaf, farmland waste, cloth, pulp (coniferous unbleached kraft pulp (NUKP), coniferous bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood not yet).
- plant materials for example, wood, bamboo, hemp, jute, kenaf, farmland waste, cloth, pulp (coniferous unbleached kraft pulp (NUKP), coniferous bleached kraft pulp (NBKP), hardwood not yet).
- NUKP unbleached kraft pulp
- NKP coniferous bleached kraft pulp
- the material is powdered cellulose obtained by pulverizing any of the above with a high-pressure homogenizer, a mill or the like, microcrystalline cellulose powder purified by chemical treatment such as acid hydrolysis, high-speed rotation type, colloid mill type, high-pressure type, roll mill It may be a finely divided cellulose powder refined by a dispersion apparatus such as a formula, an ultrasonic type, or a wet high pressure or ultra high pressure homogenizer, etc.
- powdered cellulose from the viewpoint of mass production and cost, powdered cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose powder, Alternatively, chemical pulp such as kraft pulp and sulfite pulp is preferable, and bleached pulp from which lignin has been removed by bleaching chemical pulp is preferable, for example, whiteness (ISO 2470) is 80 % Or more bleached kraft pulp or bleached sulfite pulp can be used
- Bleaching methods include chlorination (C), chlorine dioxide bleach (D), alkali extraction (E), hypochlorite bleach (H), hydrogen peroxide bleach (P), alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment stage ( Ep), alkaline hydrogen peroxide / oxygen treatment stage (Eop), ozone treatment (Z), chelate treatment (Q) and the like can be performed in combination.
- C / D-EHD, ZEDP, Z / D-Ep-D, Z / D-Ep-DP, D-Ep-D, D-Ep-D- P, D-Ep-PD, Z-Eop-DD, Z / D-Eop-D, Z / D-Eop-DED, etc. can be used.
- “/” In the sequence means that the processes before and after “/” are continuously performed without cleaning.
- Examples of a process for introducing an anionic functional group into a cellulose raw material to obtain an anionic cellulose include, for example, a process for introducing a carboxymethyl group (carboxymethylation), a process for introducing a carboxyl group (carboxylation), and a phosphate ester. Although treatment (phosphate esterification) is mentioned, carboxymethylation is preferable.
- Carboxymethylation is a treatment in which a cellulose raw material is mercerized with a mercerizing agent and then reacted with a carboxymethylating agent.
- the mercerization treatment can be usually performed by mixing a cellulosic raw material, a solvent, and a mercerizing agent.
- the solvent is preferably water and / or a lower alcohol, more preferably water.
- the amount of the solvent used is preferably 3 to 20 times that of the cellulose raw material in terms of mass. Carboxymethylation is usually performed by dissolving a cellulose raw material in a solvent.
- the amount of the solvent used is preferably 3 to 20 times that of the cellulose raw material in terms of mass.
- Examples of the solvent include water and / or a lower alcohol.
- Examples of the lower alcohol include water, methanol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and tertiary butyl alcohol.
- One lower alcohol may be used alone, or two or more mixed media may be used. When the solvent contains a lower alcohol, the mixing ratio of the lower alcohol is usually 60 to 95% by mass.
- the mercerizing agent is preferably an alkali metal hydroxide, more preferably sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
- the amount of the mercerizing agent used is preferably 0.5 to 20 times per anhydroglucose residue of the cellulosic raw material in terms of mole.
- the reaction temperature of mercerization is usually 0 to 70 ° C., preferably 10 to 60 ° C.
- the reaction time of mercerization is usually 15 minutes to 8 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 7 hours.
- the mercerization process may be performed under stirring.
- a carboxymethylating agent is added to the reaction system to introduce carboxymethyl groups into the cellulose to obtain carboxymethylated cellulose.
- a carboxymethylating agent a compound represented by the general formula (3) is preferable, and monochloroacetic acid and sodium monochloroacetate are more preferable.
- X represents a halogen atom
- M 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal.
- halogen atom represented as X in General formula (3) a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom are mentioned, for example. Among these, a chlorine atom is preferable.
- alkali metal represented as M 1 in the general formula (3) include sodium and potassium. Of these, sodium is preferable.
- the addition amount of the carboxymethylating agent is preferably 0.05 to 10.0 times mol per glucose residue of the cellulose raw material in terms of mole.
- the reaction temperature of the carboxymethylation reaction is usually 30 to 90 ° C, preferably 40 to 80 ° C.
- the reaction time is usually 30 minutes to 10 hours, preferably 1 hour to 4 hours. In this way, carboxymethylated cellulose is produced.
- the partial structure of carboxymethylated cellulose is shown in the following general formula (1). (In general formula (1), each R independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or a group represented by general formula (2).)
- M 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal.
- Examples of the alkali metal represented by R in the general formula (1) and M 2 in the general formula (2) include sodium and potassium. Of these, sodium is preferable.
- the reaction product after carboxymethylation may be carboxymethylated cellulose (salt form) as it is. Moreover, it may be a carboxymethylated cellulose (acid type) obtained by subjecting the product to a desalting treatment. Desalting may be performed at any time before and after defibration described later. Desalting means that a salt (for example, sodium salt) contained in the reaction product (salt form) is replaced with a proton to form an acid form.
- Examples of the desalting method after etherification for example, carboxylation
- examples of the desalting method after etherification include a method of bringing modified cellulose or modified cellulose nanofiber into contact with a cation exchange resin.
- both a strong acid ion exchange resin and a weak acid ion exchange resin can be used as long as the counter ion is H + .
- the ratio of both when the modified cellulose is brought into contact with the cation exchange resin is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can appropriately set the ratio from the viewpoint of efficiently performing proton substitution.
- the ratio of the modified cellulose nanofiber dispersion can be adjusted so that the pH of the dispersion after addition of the cation exchange resin is preferably 2 to 6, more preferably 2 to 5. .
- the collection of the cation exchange resin after contact may be performed by a conventional method such as suction filtration.
- an anion-modified cellulose such as carboxymethylated cellulose maintains at least a part of the fibrous shape even when dispersed in water.
- anion-modified cellulose is referred to as anion-modified cellulose fiber (for example, carboxymethylated cellulose).
- Anion-modified cellulose fibers are distinguished from cellulose powders such as carboxymethyl cellulose, which is a kind of water-soluble polymer that dissolves in water and imparts viscosity. When an aqueous dispersion of anion-modified cellulose fiber is observed with an electron microscope, a fibrous substance can be observed.
- the degree of carboxymethyl substitution per glucose unit is preferably within the range of 0.01 to 0.50, and more preferably within the range of 0.10 to 0.30.
- the degree of carboxymethyl substitution means the average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit. If the degree of carboxymethyl substitution is too large, the crystallinity (crystallinity) is reduced, so that sufficient shape retention is not expressed in food and the solubility in water is increased, resulting in poor texture (e.g., There is a risk of stickiness). On the other hand, when the degree of carboxymethyl substitution is small (there are few hydrophilic groups), the water retention in the food is lowered, and the inherent characteristics of the food such as moist feeling may be impaired.
- the degree of carboxymethyl substitution of carboxymethylated cellulose and the degree of carboxymethyl substitution of carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers derived from such carboxymethylated cellulose are usually the same value.
- the degree of carboxymethyl substitution per glucose unit can be calculated by the following method. About 2.0 g of carboxymethylated cellulose (absolutely dry) is precisely weighed and placed in an Erlenmeyer flask with a 300 mL stopper. Add 100 mL of a solution of 100 mL of special concentrated nitric acid to 1000 mL of nitric acid methanol and shake for 3 hours to convert the salt-type carboxymethylated cellulose (hereinafter also referred to as “salt-type CMized cellulose”) to acid-type carboxymethylated cellulose ( Hereinafter, it is also referred to as “H-type CMized cellulose”.
- H-type CMized cellulose Absoluttely dried
- a stopper 0.05 mL
- H-type CM cellulose is precisely weighed and put into a 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask with a stopper.
- the crystallinity of the cellulose crystal I type of carboxymethylated cellulose is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more.
- the ratio of the crystallinity of carboxymethylated cellulose to the crystallinity of cellulose crystal type II to the crystallinity of cellulose type I is preferably 10 to 50%, more preferably 20 to 50% or more. That is, the crystallinity of cellulose crystal I of carboxymethylated cellulose is 60% or more, and the ratio of the crystallinity of cellulose crystal II to the crystallinity of cellulose crystal I is preferably 10 to 50%. More preferably, the crystal type I is 70% or more, and the ratio of the crystallinity of the cellulose crystal type II to the crystallinity of the cellulose crystal type I is 20 to 50%.
- the crystallinity of carboxymethylated cellulose and the crystallinity of carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers derived from such carboxymethylated cellulose are usually the same value.
- the crystallinity of the cellulose type I crystal and the ratio between the type I crystal and the type II crystal can be calculated from the peak of the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ of the graph obtained by measurement by the wide angle X-ray diffraction method.
- the procedure is as follows. First, the cellulose to be measured is frozen with liquid nitrogen and compressed to create tablet pellets. Thereafter, the X-ray diffraction of the tablet pellet is measured using a commercially available X-ray diffraction measuring apparatus (for example, LabX XRD-6000, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- the graph obtained as a result of the measurement is peak-separated by graph analysis software PeakFit (manufactured by Hulinks), and the I-type crystal, the II-type crystal, and the amorphous component are discriminated based on the following diffraction angles.
- the ratio of the crystallinity of cellulose crystal II to the crystallinity of cellulose crystal I is calculated from the area ratio of the peaks.
- a defibration (nanodefibration) treatment is usually performed.
- the timing of the defibrating treatment is not particularly limited and may be any one or both before and after the modification treatment, but it is preferable to carry out at least after the modification treatment.
- the defibrating process can be performed with less energy than the energy required for the defibrating process before the denaturing process.
- the number of times of defibrating treatment is not particularly limited, and may be one or more times.
- the desalting treatment may be performed before or after the desalting treatment.
- Examples of the defibrating treatment include a treatment using a defibrating apparatus such as a high-speed shear mixer and a high-pressure homogenizer after sufficiently washing the anion-modified cellulose with water.
- a defibrating apparatus such as a high-speed shear mixer and a high-pressure homogenizer after sufficiently washing the anion-modified cellulose with water.
- the defibrating apparatus is not particularly limited, apparatuses such as a high-speed rotation type, a colloid mill type, a high-pressure type, a roll mill type, and an ultrasonic type can be used. These devices may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- it is preferable to apply a strong shearing force to the anion-modified cellulose usually to an aqueous dispersion of anion-modified cellulose. As a result, defibration can be efficiently performed.
- the applied pressure is preferably 50 MPa or more, more preferably 100 MPa or more, and further preferably 140 MPa or more.
- the shear rate is preferably 1000 sec ⁇ 1 or more.
- the shear rate is 1000 sec ⁇ 1 or more, the aggregate structure is small and uniform anion-modified CNF can be obtained.
- the anion-modified cellulose is subjected to defibrating treatment as a dispersion (usually an aqueous dispersion).
- the concentration of the anion-modified cellulose in the dispersion is high, the viscosity may increase excessively during the defibrating process and may not be defibrated uniformly, or the apparatus may stop. Therefore, the concentration of anion-modified cellulose such as carboxymethylated cellulose must be set appropriately according to the processing conditions of carboxymethylated cellulose. For example, it is 0.3 to 50% (w / v). Yes, 0.5 to 10% (w / v) is preferable, and 1.0 to 5% (w / v) is more preferable.
- the defibrating treatment is usually performed in a dispersion of a cellulose-based material or an anion-modified cellulose.
- the dispersion is usually an aqueous dispersion such as an aqueous dispersion.
- a pretreatment Prior to preparation of the dispersion, a pretreatment may be performed as necessary. Examples of the pretreatment include mixing, stirring, emulsification, and dispersion, and may be performed using a known device such as a high-speed shear mixer.
- the lower limit of the solid content concentration of the cellulose-based raw material or anion-modified cellulose in the dispersion is usually 0.1% by mass, preferably 0.2% by mass, more preferably Is 0.3% by mass.
- the upper limit is usually 10% by mass, preferably 6% by mass. Thereby, fluidity
- the embodiment of the anion-modified CNF is not particularly limited, and any of liquid, gel, and solid (for example, pellet, particle, and powder) may be used, but powder is preferable.
- the anion-modified CNF may contain moisture, and the moisture content is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the anion-modified cellulose nanofiber include a dispersion, a dry solid, or a wet solid in an intermediate state thereof.
- an anion-modified cellulose nanofiber having a water content of 12% by mass or less may be referred to as a dry solid.
- the moisture content is the mass ratio (mass%) of moisture to the total mass of anion-modified cellulose nanofibers including moisture.
- a method for preparing a dry solid of anion-modified cellulose nanofiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dehydration / drying treatment. That is, examples of a method for preparing a dry solid of anion-modified cellulose nanofiber include a method of preparing water in a dispersion of anion-modified cellulose nanofiber by a treatment such as dehydration / drying treatment. The dispersion of anion-modified cellulose may further contain a water-soluble polymer. Thereby, redispersibility can be improved.
- water-soluble polymer examples include cellulose derivatives (for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, or ethylcellulose or salts thereof), xanthan gum, xyloglucan, dextrin, dextran, carrageenan, locust bean gum, alginic acid, alginic acid salt.
- cellulose derivatives for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, or ethylcellulose or salts thereof
- xanthan gum for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, or ethylcellulose or salts thereof
- xanthan gum for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, or ethylcellulose or salts thereof
- xanthan gum for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, or ethylcellulose or salts thereof
- xanthan gum for example, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose
- the pH of the dispersion of anion-modified cellulose nanofibers it is preferable to adjust the pH of the dispersion of anion-modified cellulose nanofibers to 9-11. Thereby, redispersibility can be improved.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer in the dispersion is preferably 5 to 50% by mass with respect to the absolutely dry solid content of the anion-modified cellulose nanofiber. If the blending amount of the water-soluble polymer is less than 5% by mass, sufficient redispersibility may not be obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of the water-soluble polymer exceeds 50% by mass, problems such as a decrease in viscosity characteristics and a decrease in dispersion stability, which are characteristic of anion-modified cellulose nanofibers, may occur.
- the dehydration / drying treatment may be any conventionally known one, and examples thereof include spray drying, pressing, air drying, hot air drying, and vacuum drying.
- equipment used for dehydration / drying treatment include the following: continuous tunnel drying equipment, band drying equipment, vertical drying equipment, vertical turbo drying equipment, multi-stage disc drying equipment, aeration drying equipment, rotary drying equipment, Airflow drying device, spray dryer drying device, spray drying device, cylindrical drying device, drum drying device, screw conveyor drying device, rotary drying device with heating tube, vibration transportation drying device, batch type box drying device, aeration drying device , Vacuum box-type dryers, and agitation dryers, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, a drum drying apparatus is preferable. Thereby, energy efficiency can be improved from the point that heat energy can be directly supplied to the object to be dried uniformly and the point that the dried substance can be recovered immediately without applying more heat than necessary.
- the CNF dispersion index of the anion-modified CNF is preferably 8000 or less, more preferably 2000 or less, still more preferably 1000 or less, still more preferably 500 or less, and still more preferably 100 or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.
- the CNF dispersion index can quantitatively evaluate the dispersibility of CNF. A small value of the CNF dispersion index indicates that the cellulose nanofibers hardly form or remain large aggregates in the dispersion.
- the CNF dispersion index is an index obtained by correcting a NEP index (for example, disclosed in JP-A-08-134329), which is an index of fiber dispersibility, for CNF.
- the anion modified CNF which has favorable dispersibility to a dispersion medium can be selected.
- CNF evaluated as having good dispersibility in the dispersion medium has not only good solubility in the redispersed liquid, but also less undispersed material. Therefore, when added to a smooth tactile sensation, food, etc., the mouthfeel is improved and is preferably used in applications such as food, cosmetics, and chemical products.
- the CNF is used for liquid products such as cosmetics, physical properties such as transparency, light transmittance and viscosity reproducibility of the liquid products can be improved.
- the CNF is used in a chemical product such as an optical film, physical properties such as transparency and light transmittance can be improved.
- the CNF dispersion index is obtained, for example, by preparing a dispersion liquid (redispersion liquid) having a predetermined concentration of the target cellulose nanofibers and measuring aggregates of the cellulose nanofibers in the redispersion liquid. Specifically, it is determined by the following steps.
- the CNF dispersion index of the anion-modified CNF is obtained by the following steps (1) to (5).
- Step (2) An anion-modified cellulose nanofiber dispersion containing the color material obtained in the above step (1) is sandwiched between two glass plates to form a film having a thickness of 0.15 mm between the two glass plates.
- Step (3) a step of observing the film obtained in the step (2) with a microscope (magnification: 100 times);
- Step (4): Among the observation images observed in the above step (3), the major axis of the aggregate present in the observation range of 3 mm ⁇ 2.3 mm is measured, and the aggregate is extra large: an aggregate having a major axis of 150 ⁇ m or more, Large: agglomerates with a major axis of 100 ⁇ m or more and less than 150 ⁇ m, middle: agglomerates with a major axis of 50 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m, small: a step of classifying into agglomerates with a major axis of 20 ⁇ m or more and less than 50 ⁇ m; and step (5): Step of calculating CNF dispersion index by substituting the number of aggregates in each group into the following formula: CNF dispersion index (number of oversized aggregates ⁇ 512 + number of large aggregates ⁇ 64 + aggregates in
- Step of adding a coloring material containing 5 to 20% by mass and stirring for 1 minute 1.0% by mass of the anion-modified cellulose nanofiber dispersion in steps (1) and (1 ′) is anion-modified It is solid content concentration of a cellulose nanofiber.
- the colorant used when measuring the CNF dispersion index contains a colored pigment having an average particle size of 0.03 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, and is usually a dispersion in which the colored pigment is dispersed in a solvent.
- the color of the color material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include white, black, blue, red, yellow, and green.
- the amount of the coloring material added is, for example, 2 drops (usually 0.03 ml to 0.05 ml) with respect to 1 g of the anion-modified CNF dispersion.
- the colored pigment is a pigment having a color such as white, black, blue, red, yellow, or green.
- the shape of the colored pigment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a plate shape, a spherical shape, and a scale shape.
- Examples of the colored pigment include inorganic pigments and organic pigments.
- Inorganic pigments include carbon black, iron black, composite metal oxide black, zinc chromate, lead chromate, red lead, zinc phosphate, vanadium phosphate, calcium phosphate, aluminum phosphomolybdate, calcium molybdate, aluminum tripolyphosphate Bismuth oxide, bismuth hydroxide, basic bismuth carbonate, bismuth nitrate, bismuth silicate, hydrotalcite, zinc dust, mica-like iron oxide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, alumina white, silica, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, talc, Clay, mica, barita, organic bentonite, white carbon, titanium oxide, zinc white, antimony oxide, lithopone, lead white, perylene black, molybdenum red, cadmium red, bengara, cerium sulfide, yellow lead, cadmium yellow, yellow iron oxide, Ocher Bismuth yellow, Shena, Amber, Green clay, Mars violet, Ultramarine, Bitumen, Basic
- Organic pigments include quinacridone red, polyazo yellow, anthraquinone red, anthraquinone yellow, polyazo red, azo lake yellow, berylene, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, isoindolinone yellow, watching red, permanent red, para red, toluidine maroon, Examples include benzidine yellow, first sky blue, and brilliant carmine 6B.
- the colored pigments may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the colored pigment may be at least one organic pigment, at least one inorganic pigment, or a combination thereof.
- the colored pigment is preferably a colored pigment that is clearly bright and dark when observed with an optical microscope and does not transmit light (is easy to absorb light), more preferably a black pigment, and still more preferably black.
- the colored pigment is preferably one that is less likely to cause aggregation due to secondary aggregation or interaction with CNF during observation.
- the colored pigment or coloring material may be a colored pigment dispersion, for example, a black ink dispersion such as a black ink, a black ink drop, or a pigment ink for an ink jet printer.
- Black ink is usually a surface-treated carbon black whose surface is coated with a water-based resin, has excellent dispersibility when mixed with a binder resin, and is difficult to secondary agglomerate, so a relatively low concentration CNF dispersion Even so, sufficiently high blackness can be exhibited.
- the ink and ink droplets are usually aqueous dispersions containing surface-treated carbon black.
- these production methods are not particularly limited, for example, the surface of an amorphous furnace black produced by a method such as a furnace method in which petroleum-based or coal-based oil is incompletely burned in a high-temperature gas is coated with a water-based resin
- a method such as a furnace method in which petroleum-based or coal-based oil is incompletely burned in a high-temperature gas is coated with a water-based resin
- the method include adding a glycol-based antifreezing agent and a preservative as necessary, and mixing and slurrying.
- Commercially available products for example, “ink drops” manufactured by Kuretake Co., Ltd.
- the method for preparing the surface-treated carbon black and the aqueous dispersion containing the same is not particularly limited, and it can also be prepared based on known methods (for example, JP-A-7-188597 and JP-A-6-234946).
- Ink juice, ink droplets, and pigment inks for inkjet printers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the colored pigment in the coloring material is not limited, but is usually 5 to 20% by mass. If the content of the colored pigment is low, the observation photograph of the optical microscope may become light. On the other hand, if the content of the colored pigment is high, aggregates of the colored pigment may be generated.
- the average particle diameter of the colored pigment is in the range of 0.03 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the colored pigment is a value measured by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measuring device (for example, Mastersizer 3000 and Zetasizer Nano ZS manufactured by Malvern).
- the shape of the colored pigment may be other than a spherical shape, and the average particle diameter is an average value of the longest diameter.
- the solvent used for the color material is preferably an aqueous solvent.
- the aqueous solvent include water, methanol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, isobutanol, tertiary butanol, linear or branched pentanediol, aliphatic ketones (for example, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dioxygen).
- Acetone alcohol polyols (eg ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol), polyglycols having a molar mass of 200 to 2000 g / mol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, thiodi Glycol, 2-pyrrolidone, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethylimidazolidinone, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformua De, and include a combination of two or more of these.
- polyols eg ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol
- polyglycols having a molar mass of 200 to 2000 g / mol propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol, thiodi Glycol
- 2-pyrrolidone
- the color material may contain an optional component other than the colored pigment and the solvent.
- the optional component preferably contains a dispersant.
- the dispersant include higher fatty acid, higher fatty acid amide, metal soap, glycerin ester, hydrotalcite, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, glue, gelatin, and combinations of two or more thereof.
- a specimen for CNF dispersion index measurement can be prepared by sandwiching an anion-modified cellulose nanofiber dispersion so that a film having a thickness of 0.15 mm is formed between two glass plates.
- the two glass plates should just be a glass plate used for normal microscope observation, and are usually a pair of slide glass and cover glass.
- the thickness of the glass plate is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the glass plate (for example, a cover glass) positioned on the objective lens side when placed on the microscope stage is thin enough not to prevent focusing.
- the microscope used in measuring the CNF dispersion index is usually an optical microscope.
- the optical microscope is not particularly limited, and may be a general optical microscope (including a microscope).
- the observation magnification in the step (3) is 100 times.
- the classification of the aggregates in the step (4) is performed in an observation range of 3 mm ⁇ 2.3 mm among the observation images observed in the step (3). Such an observation range may be selected randomly from the observation image.
- Aggregates are classified into the following four groups according to the size of the aggregate: extra large: aggregate having a major axis of 150 ⁇ m or more, large: aggregate having a major axis of 100 ⁇ m or more and less than 150 ⁇ m, middle: major axis of 50 ⁇ m or more and less than 100 ⁇ m, Small: The major axis is 20 ⁇ m or more and less than 50 ⁇ m.
- CNF dispersion index (number of extra large ⁇ 512 + number of large ⁇ 64 + number of medium ⁇ 8 + number of small ⁇ 1) / 2
- the food additive of the present invention may contain at least one kind of anion-modified CNF, and may contain two or more kinds of anion-modified CNF having different structures.
- the food additive of the present invention may contain an optional component other than anion-modified CNF. Examples of optional components include thickeners, sweeteners, seasonings, colorants, flavors, emulsifiers, stabilizers, preservatives, pH adjusters, and dispersion media.
- the food additive of the present invention can be added to various foods.
- Food is usually processed food.
- the processed food is a food obtained by subjecting a natural food, a natural food, or a combination thereof to at least one kind of processing, and may be a semi-cooked product on the assumption that further processing is performed.
- Food includes foods and foods that are not intended for consumption such as beverages and gums.
- Food includes staple foods such as livestock meat, seafood, and plants, as well as side foods such as ingredients, seasonings, sauces, sauces, pastes, envelopes, or flavor compositions.
- the “semi-cooked product” for example, food (for example, retort food and frozen food) that is assumed to be further heated, and food that is premised to be further kneaded or mixed (for example, Preparations (premixes) and powdered beverages).
- the processed food may be in the form of retort food, powdered food, sheet food, bottled food, canned food, frozen food, food for microwave oven, and the like.
- the food additive of the present invention can exert the effects of the present invention regardless of the means for preparation at the time of use.
- Anion-modified CNF can exert effects such as a dispersion / suspension stabilizer, an emulsion stabilizer, a thickening stabilizer, a foam stabilizer, a shape retention agent, a water retention agent and a powdered base.
- effects such as a dispersion / suspension stabilizer, an emulsion stabilizer, a thickening stabilizer, a foam stabilizer, a shape retention agent, a water retention agent and a powdered base.
- the method for adding the food additive to the food is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method including mixing the food and the food additive.
- the time of addition may be until eating, and processing such as cooking may be performed either before or after the addition.
- the food containing the food additive of the present invention may be a food in which the food additive of the present invention is mixed, or it is premised that the food and the food additive of the present invention are mixed at the time of eating.
- a combination for example, a set of individually packaged foods and individually packaged food additives of the present invention may be used.
- the foodstuff of this invention should just contain the food additive of this invention, and may contain the other arbitrary food additives.
- the food that is the object of the food additive is not particularly limited as long as it can be prepared from commonly used ingredients.
- fried foods for example, croquettes, cream croquettes, mentakatsu
- fried foods for example, croquettes, cream croquettes, mentakatsu
- Grilled meat sauce, grilled chicken sauce, grilled fish sauce, stir-fried vegetables, food seasoned with these sauces eg, livestock meat, fish meat, vegetables
- dispersed beverages
- ⁇ Fried food usually includes medium-sized seeds according to the type of fried food and clothing applied to the outer surface of the medium-sized seeds.
- the food additive of the present invention may be contained in a middle kind of a fried food, may be contained in a clothing material, may be contained in both a middle seed material and a clothing material, From the viewpoint of preventing puncture, it is preferably contained in the middle species.
- the food additive of the present invention is preferably contained in a middle species.
- the fried food containing the food additive of the present invention can have good shape retention.
- the sacrificial food containing the food additive of the present invention can have good water retention without dripping, even with heating, without increasing viscosity and changing texture.
- the dispersion beverage containing the food additive of the present invention can suppress the precipitation of the components and have good dispersion stability.
- Grain flour that is a raw material for processed cereal flour is not particularly limited.
- wheat flour strong flour, medium flour, thin flour
- rice flour upper flour, white flour, glutinous flour
- buckwheat flour potato starch
- corn flour and these The combination of 2 or more types chosen from is mentioned.
- the cereal flour preferably contains at least wheat flour.
- the processed cereal flour containing the food additive of the present invention has a firm texture and can have good shape retention.
- Any food additive can be used in combination with the food additive of the present invention as required, as long as the effect of the present invention is not adversely affected.
- optional food additives include thickeners, sweeteners, seasonings, colorants, fragrances, emulsifiers, stabilizers, preservatives, and any combination of two or more selected from these.
- thickeners include guar gum, lambda carrageenan, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, iota carrageenan, kappa carrageenan, cassia gum, glucomannan, native gellan gum, deacylated gellan gum, tamarind seed polysaccharide, pectin, psyllium seed.
- Cellulose derivatives, microcrystalline cellulose, fermented cellulose, gelatin, water-soluble soybean polysaccharide, starch, may be mentioned modified starches.
- the amount of any food additive added can be any ratio.
- the food of the present invention can contain the food additive of the present invention in any content, but it is preferable to include an effective amount of anion-modified CNF.
- the amount of anion-modified CNF added to food is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 0.5% by mass.
- the amount added can be adjusted as appropriate according to the type of food, desired quality and physical properties. For example, when the processed food to be produced is a cream croquette of fried food, it is 0.05 to 0.2% by mass, 0.01 to 0.3% by mass if it is a dispersion beverage, and 0. A range of 001 to 0.1% by mass is mentioned.
- the addition amount of anion-modified CNF is less than the lower limit of the addition amount, it may not be possible to give a sufficient effect to food or food. Exceeding the upper limit of the amount added may cause inconveniences such as increased viscosity of the processed food and increased texture.
- the ratio of the added amount of the anion-modified CNF and the thickener can be set arbitrarily.
- CM carboxymethyl
- NNKP conifer bleached kraft pulp
- 111 g of sodium hydroxide in dry mass 111 g
- the pulp solid content 20% (w / v Water was added so that Thereafter, after stirring at 30 ° C. for 30 minutes, 216 g of sodium monochloroacetate (in terms of active ingredient) was added. The mixture was further stirred for 30 minutes, then heated to 70 ° C. and stirred for 1 hour.
- the reaction product is taken out, neutralized and washed to obtain a cellulose crystal I crystal having a carboxymethyl substitution degree of 0.25 per glucose unit, a cellulose I crystallinity of 65%, and a cellulose crystal II crystallinity.
- a 50% carboxymethylated pulp was obtained.
- the carboxymethylated pulp was made into 1% solids with water, and fibrillated by treating with a high-pressure homogenizer 5 times at 20 ° C. and 150 MPa to obtain a carboxymethylated cellulose nanofiber dispersion.
- the obtained fiber had an average fiber diameter of 50 nm and an aspect ratio of 120.
- the obtained carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers were freeze-dried and powdered to obtain carboxymethylated cellulose nanofiber powder (CCM CNF powder).
- the H-type CM-modified cellulose was wetted with 15 mL of 80% methanol, 100 mL of 0.1 N NaOH was added, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 3 hours. Excess NaOH was back titrated with 0.1N H 2 SO 4 using phenolphthalein as an indicator, and DS was calculated according to the following formula.
- F ′ Factor of 0.1N H 2 SO 4
- F Factor of 0.1N NaOH.
- the average fiber diameter and average fiber length of the anion-modified CNF were analyzed for 200 fibers selected at random using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM).
- the crystallinity of cellulose type I crystals and the ratio between type I and type II were determined by the following measurements.
- Cellulose crystallinity was calculated from the peak at a diffraction angle 2 ⁇ of a graph obtained by measurement by wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The procedure is as follows. First, cellulose was frozen with liquid nitrogen and compressed to prepare tablet pellets. Thereafter, this sample was used for measurement with an X-ray diffractometer (LabX XRD-6000, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
- Crystallinity of type I (I c ⁇ I a ) / I c ⁇ 100
- Example 1-1, 1-2, Comparative Example 1; Sauce of Yakitori A sauce for yakitori was prepared according to the preparation method shown below based on the formulation in Table 1. The addition of xanthan gum was referred to as Comparative Example 1, and the addition of CCM CNF powder (in Table 1, “CNF solid”) was taken as Example 1-1. A soup prepared in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that no xanthan gum and no CNF were added was used as a blank. About these sagging foods, the dripping suppression effect and food texture were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. A 1.0 mass% aqueous dispersion of CCM CNF powder (CM CNF aqueous dispersion) was prepared, and the CNF dispersion index was measured.
- CM CNF aqueous dispersion aqueous dispersion
- Example 1-1 A sample prepared in the same manner as Example 1-1 except that this CCM CNF aqueous dispersion (“CNF dispersion” in Table 1) was used in place of the CCM CNF powder. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
- ⁇ Method for preparing sauce> 1 food additives (xanthan gum (Comparative Example 1), C-converted CNF powder (Example 1-1)) were previously added to ion-exchanged water and stirred at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. And dissolved. CM CNF was stirred and then treated with a homogenizer (15 MPa). 2. Components other than dark soy sauce and mirin were mixed at room temperature, and the mixture was heated to 85 ° C. and stirred for 10 minutes. 3. Further, concentrated soy sauce and mirin were added, and the whole amount was corrected with ion-exchanged water, and hot-packed into a screw bottle at 90 ° C.
- Example 1-2 the above 2 and 3 were carried out except that 1.0% by mass of CMF CNF aqueous dispersion was used instead of the treatment liquid used in Example 1-1.
- Viscosity Using a B-type rotational viscometer, the viscosity was measured for 1 minute under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 60 ° C. and a rotation speed of 6 rpm and 60 rpm.
- Liquid dripping 20 g of the prepared sample was placed on a bat, inclined at 20 °, and measured for liquid dripping after standing for 1 hour in a 60 ° C. constant temperature bath. When the liquid drips, it becomes elliptical, and the length of the major axis of the ellipse was measured.
- Examples 2 to 4 Comparative Examples 2 to 4; Cream croquettes
- a cream croquette was prepared based on the formulation in Table 3.
- Comparative Examples 2 to 4 cream croquettes to which methyl cellulose (MC, Comparative Example 2), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC, Comparative Example 3) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC, Comparative Example 4) were added were prepared.
- a cream croquette (Examples 2 to 4) was prepared by adding the CCM CNF powder obtained in Production Example 1 (“CNF” in Table 3) to the addition amount shown in Table 3.
- CNF CNF
- ⁇ Production method> 1 polysaccharides (MC, HPMC, HPC, CMized CNF powder) were added to ion-exchanged water and dissolved by stirring at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. The CMized CNF powder was stirred and then subjected to a homogenizer (15 MPa) treatment. 2. The remaining raw materials were added to the solution obtained in 1 above, heated to 85 ° C., and the whole amount was corrected with ion-exchanged water. 3. The raw material mixture obtained in 2 above was subdivided and molded into 20 g / piece and cooled to 4 ° C. 4). The cooled product obtained in 3 above was battered and stored at ⁇ 40 ° C. overnight by quick freezing. 5. The cryopreserved product obtained in 4 above was oiled for 4 minutes at 180 ° C. in a frozen state.
- ⁇ Evaluation method> -Viscosity: Using a B-type rotational viscometer, the viscosity was measured for 1 minute under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 80 ° C and a rotation speed of 6 rpm and 60 rpm.
- -Puncture Ten cream croquettes were oiled in each test area, and the number of punctures in the oil jar was visually confirmed.
- -Mouth The texture was evaluated after 30 minutes. (Evaluation criteria for mouth-opening) A good one was set to 5, and an unfavorable weight or stickiness was reduced by a number.
- Examples 5 to 6, Comparative Examples 5 to 8; Cocoa beverage Based on the formulation in Table 5, cocoa beverages were prepared.
- a cocoa beverage to which sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (Comparative Examples 5 and 6) and a microcrystalline cellulose preparation (Comparative Examples 7 and 8) were added as shown in Table 5 was prepared.
- cocoa beverages (Examples 5 and 6) were prepared by adding the C-converted CNF powder obtained in Production Example 1 (in Table 5, “CNF”) to the addition amount shown in Table 5. The viscosity of each cocoa beverage (immediately after preparation) was measured, and the degree of precipitation and the suspension rate when stored at 37 ° C. and 60 ° C. for 2 weeks were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 6.
- ⁇ Preparation method> Sugar, sucrose fatty acid ester, and food additives (CMC sodium, microcrystalline cellulose preparation, C-converted CNF powder) mixed with powder in ion-exchanged water were added and dissolved by stirring at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. 2. Milk and cocoa powder were added to the solution obtained in 1 above, and the whole amount was corrected with ion-exchanged water. 3. The solution obtained in 2 above was heated, and after reaching 75 ° C., a homogenizer (15 MPa) treatment was performed. 4). The solution obtained in the above 3 was cooled, sterilized by the UHT method (Ultra high temperature heating method) at 142 ° C. for 60 seconds, and filled into a PET container.
- UHT method Ultra high temperature heating method
- Viscosity Using a B-type rotational viscometer, the viscosity was measured for 1 minute under the conditions of a measurement temperature of 8 ° C. and a rotation speed of 60 rpm.
- Storage test Precipitation and suspension after storage for 2 weeks at 37 ° C. or 60 ° C. were evaluated by the following procedure.
- -Precipitation The container was turned upside down, and the state of the bottom was visually evaluated.
- (Evaluation criteria) Good- ⁇ ⁇ + ⁇ ++ ⁇ ++++ Poor / Suspension: Calculated by the following formula. [(Dispersion layer height) / (Liquid height)] ⁇ 100%
- Example 7 to 9 Comparative Examples 9 to 10; Chinese noodles
- Chinese noodles Chinese noodles (chilled products) were prepared.
- Chinese noodles prepared by adding 0.1% by mass, 0.2% by mass and 0.3% by mass of the CCM CNF powder obtained in Production Example 1 (in Table 7, “CNF”) were prepared (respectively).
- Examples 7, 8, 9 In comparative examples, Chinese noodles to which a microcrystalline cellulose preparation and fine fibrous cellulose (cellulose nanofibers having different physical properties) were added were prepared (Comparative Examples 9 and 10, respectively).
- CCM CNF powder, microcrystalline cellulose preparation and microfibrous cellulose are all added with Chinese noodles as blank, and the texture of Chinese noodles, the degree of elution into boiled juice (measuring turbidity of boiled juice) and boiled The elongation was measured. The results are shown in Table 8.
- the addition amount of the microcrystalline cellulose preparation and the fine fibrous cellulose was adjusted so that the addition amount of the polysaccharide to the Chinese noodles was 0.2% by mass.
- ⁇ Preparation method> 1 Any one of the components 5 to 7 was added to the ion exchange water of the component 8 in Table 7 and dissolved with stirring for 10 minutes. 2) The liquid obtained in 1 above was homogenized (first stage 10 MPa, second stage 5 MPa). 3) Components 2 to 4 in Table 7 were added to the liquid after the homogenization treatment obtained in 2 above and stirred. 4) Into the noodle making machine, the component 1 in Table 7 was added, and then the liquid obtained in 3 above was added and mixed to make a 2 mm square noodle. 5) The Chinese noodle obtained in 4 above was boiled for 2 minutes and 30 seconds, and then the noodles were tightened with running water for 30 seconds.
- Hardness evaluation Soft 1 to 10 Hard Stickiness evaluation: Sakui 1 to 10 Stickiness
- step 5 -Degree of elution into boiled juice Boiled juice was collected in step 5) of the preparation method, homogenized with a homomixer, and turbidity was measured at a wavelength of 720 nm (measuring instrument name: spectrophotometer).
- the volume of the noodle immediately after boiled for 2 minutes and 30 seconds in step 5) of the preparation method and the volume of the noodle soaked in the boiled juice for 10 minutes were measured (measurement method: length and breadth of the cross-section of the noodle formed into a square
- the length of the noodles was measured with a caliper, and the length of the noodles was measured with a ruler.
- the ratio of the volume immediately after 10 minutes to the volume immediately after was defined as the elongation percentage.
- the low elongation rate of the noodles indicates that the texture of the noodles can be maintained in a state close to immediately after boiling.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Noodles (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[1]アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーを含有する食品用添加剤。
[2]前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーのグルコース単位当たりのカルボキシメチル置換度が0.01~0.50の範囲内である、[1]に記載の食品用添加剤。
[3]前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量が12質量%以下であり、且つ下記(1)~(5)の工程により求められる前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーのCNF分散指数が、8000以下である、[1]又は[2]に記載の食品用添加剤。
工程(1):前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーに25℃の水に添加して5分間撹拌し、得られる1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液1gに、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を5~20質量%含有する色材を添加し、1分間撹拌する工程;
工程(2):上記工程(1)で得られる色材を含有するアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液を2枚のガラス板で挟み、2枚のガラス板の間に膜厚が0.15mmの膜を形成する工程;
工程(3):上記工程(2)で得られる膜を顕微鏡(倍率:100倍)で観察する工程;
工程(4):上記工程(3)で観察される膜の3mm×2.3mmの範囲に存在する凝集物の長径を測定し、凝集物を、特大:長径150μm以上の凝集物、大:長径100μm以上150μm未満の凝集物、中:長径50μm以上100μm未満の凝集物、小:長径20μm以上50μm未満の凝集物に分類する工程;及び
工程(5):上記工程(4)で分類した各凝集物の個数を、下式に代入することによりCNF分散指数を算出する工程
CNF分散指数=(特大の凝集物の個数×512+大の凝集物の個数×64+中の凝集物の個数×8+小の凝集物の個数×1)÷2
[4]前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量が12質量%を超えており、且つ前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの下記(1’)~(5)の工程により求められるCNF分散指数が、8000以下である、[1]又は[2]に記載の食品用添加剤。
工程(1’):アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量を調整し、得られる1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液1gに、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を5~20質量%含有する色材を添加し、1分間撹拌する工程;
工程(2):上記工程(1’)で得られる色材を含有するアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液を2枚のガラス板で挟み、2枚のガラス板の間に膜厚が0.15mmの膜を形成する工程;
工程(3):上記工程(2)で得られる膜を顕微鏡(倍率:100倍)で観察する工程;
工程(4):上記工程(3)で観察される膜の3mm×2.3mmの範囲に存在する凝集物の長径を測定し、凝集物を、特大:長径150μm以上の凝集物、大:長径100μm以上150μm未満の凝集物、中:長径50μm以上100μm未満の凝集物、小:長径20μm以上50μm未満の凝集物に分類する工程;及び
工程(5):上記工程(4)で分類した各大きさの凝集物の個数を数え、下式に代入することによりCNF分散指数を算出する工程
CNF分散指数=(特大の凝集物の個数×512+大の凝集物の個数×64+中の凝集物の個数×8+小の凝集物の個数×1)÷2
[5][1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有するたれ食品。
[6][1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有する、フライ食品。
[7][1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有する、分散系飲料。
[8][1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有する、穀物粉加工食品。
本発明の食品用添加剤は、アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー(以下、「アニオン変性CNF」ということがある)を含有する。これにより、本来的に加工食品等の食品が有している食感、風味等の特性を損なうことなく、保水性、保形性、分散安定性等の品質及び物性を改善又は付与できる。
本明細書において、アニオン変性CNFとは、セルロースにアニオン性官能基が導入された構造を有するナノスケールの繊維状体である。アニオン性官能基は、通常、セルロースを構成するグルコース単位が有する少なくとも1つのヒドロキシ基に導入される。アニオン性官能基とは、水中でアニオンの形態をとる官能基を意味し、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基、スルホン基、リン酸エステル基、ニトロ基が例示される。このうち、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基、リン酸エステル基が好ましく、カルボキシル基、カルボキシメチル基がより好ましく、カルボキシメチル基がさらに好ましい。アニオン変性CNFは、通常、繊維幅が4~500nm、アスペクト比が20以上の微細繊維である。平均繊維長及び平均繊維径は、電界放出型走査電子顕微鏡の観察像の中からランダムに選んだ200本の繊維の繊維長及び繊維径の平均値として算出され得る。アスペクト比は、平均繊維長の平均繊維径に対する比の値として算出され得る。
アニオン変性CNFの製造方法としては、例えば、アニオン基をセルロース原料に導入するアニオン変性処理、及び必要に応じて行う解繊処理を含む方法が挙げられる。本明細書において、アニオン変性処理を経たセルロースをアニオン変性セルロースと言う。
セルロース原料としては、例えば、植物性材料(例えば、木材、竹、麻、ジュート、ケナフ、農地残廃物、布、パルプ(針葉樹未漂白クラフトパルプ(NUKP)、針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ(NBKP)、広葉樹未漂白クラフトパルプ(LUKP)、広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプ(LBKP)、針葉樹未漂白サルファイトパルプ(NUSP)、針葉樹漂白サルファイトパルプ(NBSP)サーモメカニカルパルプ(TMP)、再生パルプ、古紙等)、動物性材料(例えばホヤ類)、藻類、微生物(例えば酢酸菌(アセトバクター))、微生物産生物等を起源とするものを挙げることができ、それらのいずれも使用できる。好ましくは植物又は微生物由来のセルロース繊維であり、より好ましくは植物由来のセルロース繊維である。セルロース原料は、上記のいずれかを高圧ホモジナイザー、ミル等の機器で粉砕した粉末セルロース、それらを酸加水分解等の化学処理により精製した微結晶セルロース粉末、高速回転式、コロイドミル式、高圧式、ロールミル式、超音波式等の分散装置や、湿式の高圧又は超高圧ホモジナイザー等で微細化した微細化セルロース粉末でもよい。量産化及びコストの観点からは、好ましくは、粉末セルロース、微結晶セルロース粉末、或いはクラフトパルプ、サルファイトパルプ等の化学パルプが好ましく、化学パルプに漂白処理を施してリグニンが除去されている漂白済みパルプが好ましい。漂白済みパルプとしては、例えば、白色度(ISO 2470)が80%以上の漂白済みクラフトパルプ又は漂白済みサルファイトパルプを用いることができる。
カルボキシメチル化とは、セルロース原料をマーセル化剤によりマーセル化処理した後、カルボキシメチル化剤と反応させる処理である。
マーセル化処理は、通常、セルロース系原料、溶媒、及びマーセル化剤を混合して行うことができる。
一般式(3)中のM1として表されるアルカリ金属としては、例えば、ナトリウム、カリウムが挙げられる。中でも、ナトリウムが好ましい。
A=[(100×F-(0.1NのH2SO4(mL))×F’)×0.1]/(H型CM化セルロースの絶乾質量(g))
DS=0.162×A/(1-0.058×A)
A:H型CM化セルロース1gの中和に要する1NのNaOHの量(mL)
F’:0.1NのH2SO4のファクター
F:0.1NのNaOHのファクター
I型結晶:2θ=14.7°、16.5°、22.5°
II型結晶:2θ=12.3°、20.2°、21.9°
非晶成分:2θ=18°
セルロースI型結晶の結晶化度は、回折角18°の回折強度(Ia)と回折角22.5°の回折強度(Ic)の値を、Segal法に基づく下記の式に代入することにより算出した。
I型結晶の結晶化度=(Ic-Ia)/Ic×100
セルロース原料からのアニオン変性CNFの製造の際には、通常、解繊(ナノ解繊)処理を行う。解繊処理の時期は特に限定されず、変性処理前後のいずれか又は両方であればよいが、少なくとも変性処理後に行うことが好ましい。これにより、変性処理前の解繊処理に要するエネルギーよりも少ないエネルギーで解繊処理を実施できる。解繊処理の回数は特に限定されず、1回でもよく、複数回でもよい。上述の脱塩処理を行う場合、脱塩処理の時期は脱塩処理前後のいずれか又は両方でよい。
セルロース原料からセルロース繊維の製造の際には、解繊処理以外の処理を行ってもよい。他の処理としては例えば、ろ過処理(通常、解繊処理後)、短繊維化処理が挙げられる。短繊維化処理としては例えば、紫外線照射処理、酸化分解処理、加水分解処理、及びこれらのうち2以上の組み合わせが挙げられる。
アニオン変性CNFの態様は特に限定されるものではなく、液状、ゲル状、固形状(例えば、ペレット状、粒子状、粉末状)のいずれでもよいが、粉末状が好ましい。アニオン変性CNFは、水分を含んでいてもよく、その水分含有量は特に限定されない。アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの態様としては、例えば、分散液、乾燥固形物、あるいはそれらの中間的な状態である湿潤固形物が挙げられる。本明細書において、便宜上、水分含有量が12質量%以下のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーを、乾燥固形物と言うことがある。ここで、水分含有量とは、水分を含めたアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの総質量に対する水分の質量割合(質量%)である。
アニオン変性CNFのCNF分散指数は、好ましくは8000以下、より好ましくは2000以下、さらに好ましくは1000以下、さらに好ましくは500以下、更に好ましくは100以下である。下限値は特に限定されないが、通常は0である。
CNF分散指数によりCNFの分散性を定量的に評価できる。CNF分散指数の値が小さいことは、セルロースナノファイバーが分散液中で大型の凝集物を形成又は残存しにくいことを示す。
CNF分散指数は、繊維の分散性の指標であるNEP指数(例えば特開平08-134329号公報に開示されている)をCNF用に修正した指標である。CNF分散指数の算出方法を以下説明する。これにより、分散媒へ良好な分散性を有するアニオン変性CNFが選択できる。CNF分散指数から、分散媒への分散性が良好であると評価されたCNFは、その再分散液の溶解性が良いだけでなく、未分散物が少ない。そのため、滑らかな触感、食品等に添加した場合は口当たりが改善され、食品、化粧品、化成品等の用途において好ましく用いられる。当該CNFを化粧品等液状製品に用いた場合、液状製品の透明性、光透過度、粘度再現性等の物性を改善できる。当該CNFを光学フィルム等化成品に用いた場合は透明性、光透過度等の物性を改善できる。
工程(1):前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーに25℃の水に添加して、5分間撹拌し、得られる1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液1gに、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を5~20質量%含有する色材を添加し、1分間撹拌する工程;
工程(2):上記工程(1)で得られる色材を含有するアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液を2枚のガラス板で挟み、2枚のガラス板の間に膜厚が0.15mmの膜を形成する工程;
工程(3):上記工程(2)で得られる膜を顕微鏡(倍率:100倍)で観察する工程;
工程(4):上記工程(3)で観察される観察像のうち3mm×2.3mmの観察範囲に存在する凝集物の長径を測定し、凝集物を、特大:長径150μm以上の凝集物、大:長径100μm以上150μm未満の凝集物、中:長径50μm以上100μm未満の凝集物、小:長径20μm以上50μm未満の凝集物に分類する工程;及び
工程(5):上記工程(4)で分類された各群の凝集物の個数を、下式に代入することによりCNF分散指数を算出する工程
CNF分散指数=(特大の凝集物の個数×512+大の凝集物の個数×64+中の凝集物の個数×8+小の凝集物の個数×1)÷2
工程(1’):アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量を調整し、得られる1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液1gに、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を5~20質量%含有する色材を添加し、1分間撹拌する工程
工程(1)及び(1’)における1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液は、分散液に占めるアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの固形分濃度である。
CNF分散指数を測定する際に使用される色材は、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を含み、通常は、有色顔料が溶媒に分散している分散液である。色材の色は、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、白、黒、青、赤、黄、及び緑が挙げられる。色材の添加量は、例えば、アニオン変性CNFの分散液1gに対して2滴(通常、0.03ml~0.05ml)である。
有色顔料は、白、黒、青、赤、黄、又は緑等の色を有する顔料である。有色顔料の形状は、特に限定されず、例えば板状、球状、鱗片状が挙げられる。有色顔料としては例えば、無機顔料、有機顔料が挙げられる。
色材に使用される溶媒は、水系溶媒が好ましい。水系溶媒としては例えば、水、メタノール、エタノール、n-プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、n-ブタノール、イソブタノール、第3級ブタノール、線状もしくは分岐ペンタンジオール、脂肪族ケトン(例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、ジアセトンアルコール)、ポリオール(例えば、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール)、200~2000g/モルのモル質量を有するポリグリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、トリプロピレングリコール、トリメチロールプロパン、グリセロール、チオジグリコール、2-ピロリドン、N-メチルピロリドン、N-エチルピロリドン、1,3-ジメチルイミダゾリジノン、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド、及びこれらのうち2以上の組合せが挙げられる。
色材は、有色顔料及び溶媒以外の任意成分を含んでもよい。任意成分は、分散剤を含むことが好ましい。これにより、色材中の有色顔料の分散性を安定させることができる。分散剤としては例えば、高級脂肪酸、高級脂肪酸アミド、金属石鹸、グリセリンエステル、ハイドロタルサイト、ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス、にかわ、ゼラチン、及びこれらのうち2以上の組合せが挙げられる。
工程(1)及び(1’)における撹拌は、通常は撹拌機を用いて行う。攪拌機としては、ボルテックスミキサーが好ましい。撹拌条件は、目的に応じて適宜設定すればよい。
CNF分散指数測定のための標本は、アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液を2枚のガラス板の間に膜厚0.15mmの膜が形成されるように挟んで作製できる。2枚のガラス板は、通常の顕微鏡観察に用いられるガラス製の板であればよく、通常は、1対のスライドガラスとカバーガラスである。ガラス板の厚さは特に限定されないが、顕微鏡のステージに載置した際に対物レンズ側に位置するガラス板(例えば、カバーガラス)は、ピント合わせを妨げない程度に薄いことが好ましい。
CNF分散指数を測定する際に使用される顕微鏡は、通常は光学顕微鏡である。光学顕微鏡は特に限定されず、一般的な光学顕微鏡(マイクロスコープを含む)でよい。工程(3)における観察倍率は、100倍である。
工程(5)におけるCNF分散指数の算出は、工程(4)で分類された各群の凝集物の個数を計数し、下式により算出される。
CNF分散指数=(特大の個数×512+大の個数×64+中の個数×8+小の個数×1)÷2
本発明の食品用添加剤は、各種食品に添加され得る。「食品」とは、通常は加工食品である。加工食品とは、天然食品、天然食材もしくはそれらの組み合わせに少なくとも1種の加工が施された食品であり、さらなる加工が施されることを前提とした半調理品でもよい。「食品」は、食物及び飲物、ガム等の摂取を目的としない食品も包含する。「食材」は、畜肉、魚介肉、植物等の主食材、並びに、具材、調味料、ソース、たれ、糊料、外包材、又はフレーバー組成物等の副食材を包含する。「半調理品」としては例えば、さらなる加熱が施されることを前提とした食品(例えば、レトルト食品及び冷凍食品)、並びに、さらなる混練又は混合が施されることを前提とした食品(例えば、調合物(プレミックス)及び粉末飲料)が挙げられる。また、加工食品は、レトルト食品、粉末食品、シート状食品、瓶詰食品、缶詰食品、冷凍食品、電子レンジ用食品等の形態でもよい。本発明の食品用添加剤は、用時調製の手段に関わらず本発明の効果を発揮し得る。
食品用添加剤の対象である食品は、慣用されている食材から調製され得るものであればよく特に限定されないが、例えば、フライ食品(例えば、コロッケ,クリームコロッケ、メンチカツ);たれ食品(例えば、焼き肉用たれ、焼き鳥用たれ、焼き魚用たれ、野菜炒め用たれ、これらのたれで味付けされた食品(例えば、畜肉、魚肉、野菜));分散系飲料(例えば、ココア飲料、抹茶飲料、果汁飲料、果肉/さのう入り飲料、ゼリー入り飲料、乳酸菌飲料、スポーツ飲料、汁粉)、穀物粉加工食品(例えば、麺(中華麺、うどん、パスタ等)、パン、ドーナツ等の洋菓子、餅、団子、せんべい等の和菓子)を挙げることができる。
本発明の効果に悪影響を及ぼさない限度において必要に応じ任意の食品用添加剤を本発明の食品用添加剤と併用することができる。任意の食品用添加剤としては例えば、増粘剤、甘味料、調味料、着色料、香料、乳化剤、安定剤、保存剤、及びこれらから選ばれる2以上の任意の組み合わせが挙げられる。増粘剤としては、例えば、グァーガム、ラムダカラギナン、キサンタンガム、ローカストビーンガム、タラガム、イオタカラギナン、カッパカラギナン、カシアガム、グルコマンナン、ネイティブ型ジェランガム、脱アシル型ジェランガム、タマリンド種子多糖類、ペクチン、サイリウムシードガム、トラガントガム、カラヤガム、アラビアガム、マクロホモプシスガム、ラムザンガム、寒天、アルギン酸類(アルギン酸、アルギン酸塩)、カードラン、プルラン、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)ナトリウム、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)カルシウム、メチルセルロース(MC)、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC)、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース(HEC)等のセルロース誘導体、微結晶セルロース、発酵セルロース、ゼラチン、水溶性大豆多糖類、デンプン、加工デンプンを挙げることができる。任意の食品用添加剤の添加量は、任意の割合とすることができる。
本発明の食品は、本発明の食品用添加剤を任意の含有量で含むことができるが、アニオン変性CNFの有効量を考慮して含むことが好ましい。食品に対するアニオン変性CNFの添加量は、好ましくは0.001~0.5質量%の範囲内である。添加量は、食品の種類、目的とする品質及び物性に応じて、適宜調整できる。例えば、製造する加工食品がフライ食品のクリームコロッケである場合は0.05~0.2質量%、分散系飲料であれば0.01~0.3質量%、焼き鳥のたれであれば0.001~0.1質量%の範囲が挙げられる。上記添加量の下限よりアニオン変性CNFの添加量が少ないと、食品又は食材に対して十分な効果を与えることができないおそれがある。上記添加量の上限を超えると加工食品の粘度が高くなる、食感が重くなる等の不都合が生じるおそれがある。
アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーとして、カルボキシメチル化したセルロースナノファイバーを以下のようにして製造した。
パルプを混ぜることができる撹拌機内に、パルプ(NBKP(針葉樹晒クラフトパルプ)、日本製紙製)を乾燥質量で200g、水酸化ナトリウムを乾燥質量で111g加え、パルプ固形分が20%(w/v)になるように水を加えた。その後、30℃で30分攪拌した後にモノクロロ酢酸ナトリウムを216g(有効成分換算)添加した。続けてさらに30分撹拌した後に、70℃まで昇温し1時間撹拌した。その後、反応物を取り出して中和、洗浄して、グルコース単位当たりのカルボキシメチル置換度0.25、セルロースI型結晶化度65%、セルロース結晶II型の結晶化度のセルロース結晶I型の結晶化度に対する比率50%のカルボキシルメチル化したパルプを得た。その後、カルボキシメチル化したパルプを水で固形分1%とし、高圧ホモジナイザーにより20℃、150MPaの圧力で5回処理することにより解繊し、カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバー分散液を得た。得られた繊維は、平均繊維径が50nm、アスペクト比が120であった。得られたカルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバーを凍結乾燥し粉末状にすることで、カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバー粉末(CM化CNF粉末)を得た。
実施例において、各パラメーターは以下のようにして測定した。
カルボキシメチル化セルロース繊維(絶乾)約2.0gを精秤して、300mL容共栓付き三角フラスコに入れた。硝酸メタノール1000mLに特級濃硝酸100mLを加えた液100mLを加え、3時間振とうして、塩型カルボキシメチル化セルロース(塩型CM化セルロース)を酸型カルボキシメチル化セルロース(H型CM化セルロース)にした。H型CM化セルロース(絶乾)を1.5~2.0g精秤し、300mL容共栓付き三角フラスコに入れた。80%メタノール15mLでH型CM化セルロースを湿潤し、0.1NのNaOHを100mL加え、室温で3時間振とうした。指示薬として、フェノールフタレインを用いて、0.1NのH2SO4で過剰のNaOHを逆滴定し、DSを、次式によって算出した。
A=[(100×F-(0.1NのH2SO4)(mL)×F’)×0.1]/(H型CM化セルロースの絶乾質量(g))
DS=0.162×A/(1-0.058×A)
A:H型CM化セルロース1gの中和に要する1NのNaOH量(mL)
F’:0.1NのH2SO4のファクター
F:0.1NのNaOHのファクター。
アニオン変性CNFの平均繊維径及び平均繊維長は、電界放出型走査電子顕微鏡(FE-SEM)を用いて、ランダムに選んだ200本の繊維について解析した。また、アスペクト比は下記の式により算出した:
アスペクト比=平均繊維長/平均繊維径。
セルロースI型結晶の結晶化度、I型とII型の比は下記の測定で求めた。セルロース結晶化度は、広角X線回折法による測定で得られたグラフの回折角2θのピークにより算出した。手順は次の通りである。まずセルロースを液体窒素で凍結させ、これを圧縮し、錠剤ペレットを作成した。その後、このサンプルを用いてX線回折測定装置(LabX XRD-6000、島津製作所製)により測定した。得られたグラフを、グラフ解析ソフトPeakFit(Hulinks社製)によりピーク分離し下記の回折角度を基準として結晶I型とII型、非結晶を判別した。なお、結晶I型とII型の比は、上記ピークの面積比から算出した。
結晶I型:2θ=14.7°、16.5°、22.5°
結晶II型:2θ=12.3°、20.2°、21.9°
非晶成分:2θ=18°
次にセルロースI型の結晶化度は、18°の回折強度(Ia)と22.5°の回折強度(Ic)の値からSegal法とよばれる下記の式で算出した。
I型の結晶化度=(Ic-Ia)/Ic×100
上記CM化CNF粉末を25℃の水に添加して1.0質量%分散液1gを準備し、ボルテックスミキサー(IUCHI社製、機器名:Automatic Lab-mixer HM-10H)の回転数の目盛りを最大に設定して5分間撹拌した。次に、墨滴(株式会社呉竹製、固形分10%)を2滴滴下して、ボルテックスミキサーの回転数の目盛りを最大に設定して1分間撹拌した。当該墨滴の平均粒子径を、ゼータサイザーナノZS(Malvern社製)を用いて3回測定したところ、その平均値は0.22μmであった。当該分散液をスライドガラスに滴下しカバーガラスを載せて標本(膜厚0.15mm)を調製した。調製した標本を、光学顕微鏡(デジタルマイクロスコープKH-8700(株式会社ハイロックス製))を用いて倍率100倍で観察した。観察の結果得られた各大きさの凝集物の個数から上述したようにしてCNF分散指数を求めた。
表1の処方に基づき以下に示す調製方法に沿って、焼き鳥用のたれを調製した。キサンタンガムを添加したたれを比較例1とし、CM化CNF粉末(表1中、「CNF固形物」)を添加したたれを実施例1-1とした。キサンタンガム無添加かつCNF無添加の他は実施例1-1と同様にして調製したたれをブランクとした。これらのたれ食品につき、液垂れの抑制効果と食感について評価を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。CM化CNF粉末の1.0質量%の水分散液(CM化CNF水分散液)を作製し、そのCNF分散指数を測定したところ、CNF分散指数は27であった。このCM化CNF水分散液(表1中、「CNF分散液」)をCM化CNF粉末の代わりに用いたほかは実施例1-1と同様に調製したたれを実施例1-2とし、実施例1-1と同様に評価した。
1.比較例1及び実施例1-1については、予め食品用添加剤(キサンタンガム(比較例1)、CM化CNF粉末(実施例1-1))をイオン交換水に添加し、80℃10分間撹拌して溶解した。CM化CNFは撹拌後、ホモジナイザー(15MPa)にて処理を行った。
2.室温にて濃口醤油、みりん以外の成分を混合し、混合液を85℃まで加温後、10分間撹拌混合した。
3.さらに濃口醤油、みりんを加え、イオン交換水にて全量補正後、90℃達温にてスクリュー瓶にホットパックした。
実施例1-2については、実施例1-1で用いた処理液の代わりに1.0質量%のCM化CNF水分散液を用いたほかは、上記2及び3を行った。
<評価方法>
・粘度:B型回転粘度計を用い、測定温度60℃、回転数6rpm及び60rpmの条件にて1分間測定した。
・液垂れ:調製した試料20gをバットにのせて20°の傾斜をつけて60℃の恒温槽に1時間静置後の液垂れを測定した。液垂れした場合、楕円状になるため、楕円の長径の長さを測定した。
CM化CNFを添加した実施例1-1及び1-2のたれは、ブランクのたれと同程度の粘度でありながら高温保管時の液垂れを効果的に抑制しており、食感もブランクのたれと同程度に滑らかで良好であった。一方のキサンタンガムを添加した比較例1のたれは、実施例1-1及び1-2のたれと同程度の液垂れ抑制効果であったものの、その食感はぬめるような好ましくない食感となっていた。この結果は、本発明の食品用添加剤を含むたれ食品が、粘度の上昇、食感の変化を伴わず、効果的に液垂れが抑制されていることを示している。
表3の処方に基づき、クリームコロッケを調製した。比較例2~4ではそれぞれ、メチルセルロース(MC、比較例2)、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC、比較例3)及びヒドロキシプロピルセルロース(HPC、比較例4)を添加したクリームコロッケを調製した。実施例ではそれぞれ、製造例1で得たCM化CNF粉末(表3中、「CNF」)を表3に示す添加量添加したクリームコロッケ(実施例2~4)を調製した。それぞれのクリームコロッケを10個調製し、保形性確認の指標として油ちょう時のパンクの発生を確認した。その結果を表4に示す。
1.予め多糖類(MC、HPMC、HPC,CM化CNF粉末)をイオン交換水に添加し、80℃10分間撹拌溶解した。CM化CNF粉末は撹拌後、ホモジナイザー(15MPa)処理を行った。
2.上記1で得た溶液に残りの原料を加え、85℃まで加熱し、イオン交換水で全量補正を行った。
3.上記2で得た原料混合物を20g/個に小分け及び成型し、4℃まで冷却した。
4.上記3で得た冷却処理物をバッタリングし、-40℃で一晩急速凍結保存した。
5.上記4で得た凍結保存処理物を凍結状態にて、180℃で4分間油ちょうを行った。
・粘度:B型回転粘度計を用い、測定温度80℃、回転数6rpm及び60rpmの条件にて1分間測定した。
・パンク:各試験区にてクリームコロッケを10個ずつ油ちょうし、油ちょう中にパンクする個数を目視で確認した。
・口どけ:油ちょう30分後に食感評価した。
(口どけの評価基準)良好なものを5とし、好ましくない重さや粘りが出たものは数字を減じた。
CM化CNF粉末を添加した実施例2~4のクリームコロッケは、油ちょう中のパンクを生じず、口どけも良好であった。一方、HPCを添加した比較例4では、油ちょう時にパンクしクリームコロッケが得られなかった。MCを添加した比較例2及びHPMCを添加した比較例3のクリームコロッケは、油ちょう中のパンクを生じなかったものの、口どけが悪く、比較例と実施例とでクリームコロッケとしての評価は明確に分かれた。これらの結果は、本発明の食品用添加剤を含有するフライ食品は、本来の食感及び風味等の特性を損なわずに良好な保形性を有することを示している。
表5の処方に基づき、ココア飲料を調製した。比較例では、カルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)ナトリウム(比較例5、6)及び微結晶セルロース製剤(比較例7、8)を表5に示す添加量添加したココア飲料を調製した。実施例では、製造例1で得たCM化CNF粉末(表5中、「CNF」)を表5に示す添加量添加したココア飲料(実施例5、6)を調製した。それぞれのココア飲料の粘度(調製直後)を測定し、37℃と60℃で2週間保存した際の沈殿の程度と懸濁率を評価した。その結果を表6に示す。
1.イオン交換水に粉体混合した砂糖、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、各食品用添加剤(CMCナトリウム、微結晶セルロース製剤、CM化CNF粉末)を添加し、80℃10分間撹拌溶解した。
2.上記1で得た溶液に牛乳、ココアパウダーを投入し、イオン交換水にて全量補正した。
3.上記2で得た溶液を加温し75℃達温後、ホモジナイザー(15MPa)処理を行った。
4.上記3で得た溶液を冷却し、142℃及び60秒間でのUHT法(Ultra high temperature heating method)で殺菌し、PET容器に充填した。
・粘度:B型回転粘度計を用い、測定温度8℃及び回転数60rpmの条件にて1分間測定した。
・保存試験:37℃又は60℃で2週間保存後の沈殿及び懸濁率を以下の手順で評価した。
・沈殿:容器を上下逆さまにし、底の様子を目視で評価した。
(評価基準)良い - < ± < + < ++ < +++ 悪い
・懸濁率:以下式にて算出。
[(分散層の高さ)/(液の高さ)]×100 %
表6より、CM化CNFを使用したココア飲料(実施例5、6)は、37℃及び60℃のいずれの温度条件で保存後も沈殿が抑制され懸濁率が100%であった。一方、CMCナトリウム及び微結晶セルロース製剤を使用したココア飲料(比較例5~8)は、保存後に沈殿が生じ懸濁率が低下する傾向にあった。このことは、本発明の食品用添加剤が、他の食品用添加剤では十分ではなかった分散系飲料の分散安定性を改善できることを示している。
表7の処方に基づき、中華麺(チルド品)を調製した。実施例では、製造例1で得たCM化CNF粉末(表7中、「CNF」)を0.1質量%、0.2質量%及び0.3質量%添加した中華麺を調製した(それぞれ、実施例7,8,9)。比較例では微結晶セルロース製剤及び微小繊維状セルロース(物性の異なるセルロースナノファイバー)を添加した中華麺を調製した(それぞれ、比較例9,10)。CM化CNF粉末、微結晶セルロース製剤及び微小繊維状セルロースのいずれも無添加の中華麺をブランクとし、中華麺の食感、茹で汁への溶出の度合い(茹で汁の濁度を測定)及び茹で伸び率を測定した。結果を表8に示す。
1)表7中の成分8のイオン交換水に成分5~7のいずれかを加え、10分間撹拌溶解した。
2)上記1で得た液体をホモジナイズ処理(第一段10MPa、第二段5MPa)した。
3)上記2で得たホモジナイズ処理後の液体に表7中の成分2~4を加え、撹拌した。
4)製麺機に、表7中の成分1を投入し、続いて上記3で得た液体を加え混合し、2mm角に製麺した。
5)上記4で得た中華麺を2分30秒間茹で、その後、30秒間流水で麺を締めた。
・食感
訓練されたパネラー7名が中華麺を食べ、次の基準に基づき麺の硬さと粘りを官能評価し、7名の平均値を算出した。麺の硬さと粘りがバランスよく高まることにより、麺全体に弾力及びコシがある食感であると判断される。
粘りの評価 : サクイ 1 ~ 10 粘りがある
調製方法の工程5)の茹で汁を回収し、ホモミキサーで均質化した後、波長720nmで濁度を測定した(測定機器名 分光光度計)。
茹で汁の濁度を測定することで、茹で汁への麺からの成分の溶出の程度が把握できる。濁度が低い場合、溶出が抑えられ、歩留り低下を抑制すると推定できる。また、ラーメンを調製した場合の麺からの成分の溶出によるスープの濁りを押さえ、清澄なスープとすることができる。
調製方法の工程5)において2分30秒間茹でた直後の麺の体積と、さらに茹で汁に10分間浸漬した麺の体積を測定した(測定方法:四角く成形された麺断面の縦横の長さをノギスにて測定、麺の長さを定規にて測定。断面縦×断面横×長さ=体積)。10分後の体積の直後の体積に対する比率を茹で伸び率とした。
表8の結果より、CM化CNF粉末を添加した実施例7~9で得られる中華麺は、いずれの添加量においても、他のセルロース系食品用添加剤を使用した比較例9~10で得られる中華麺よりも硬さ及び粘りの評価が高かった。すなわち、実施例においては、比較例と比べて、弾力及びコシのある食感が付与されたことが分かる。
CM化CNF粉末を添加した実施例7~9では、他のセルロース系食品用添加剤を使用した比較例9~10よりも、茹で汁の濁度が低いことから、茹でる際に麺の成分の茹で汁への溶出が抑制されていることが分かる。
さらに、CM化CNF粉末を添加した実施例7~9では、麺の茹で伸びがブランク及び比較例9~10よりも抑制されていることが分かる。
これらの結果は、本発明の食品用添加剤が、穀物粉加工食品の保形性を改善できることを示している。
Claims (8)
- アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーを含有する食品用添加剤。
- 前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーのグルコース単位当たりのカルボキシメチル置換度が0.01~0.50の範囲内である、請求項1に記載の食品用添加剤。
- 前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量が12質量%以下であり、且つ下記(1)~(5)の工程により求められる前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーのCNF分散指数が、8000以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の食品用添加剤。
工程(1):前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーに25℃の水に添加して5分間撹拌し、得られる1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液1gに、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を5~20質量%含有する色材を添加し、1分間撹拌する工程;
工程(2):上記工程(1)で得られる色材を含有するアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液を2枚のガラス板で挟み、2枚のガラス板の間に膜厚が0.15mmの膜を形成する工程;
工程(3):上記工程(2)で得られる膜を顕微鏡(倍率:100倍)で観察する工程;
工程(4):上記工程(3)で観察される膜の3mm×2.3mmの範囲に存在する凝集物の長径を測定し、凝集物を、特大:長径150μm以上の凝集物、大:長径100μm以上150μm未満の凝集物、中:長径50μm以上100μm未満の凝集物、小:長径20μm以上50μm未満の凝集物に分類する工程;及び
工程(5):上記工程(4)で分類した各凝集物の個数を、下式に代入することによりCNF分散指数を算出する工程
CNF分散指数=(特大の凝集物の個数×512+大の凝集物の個数×64+中の凝集物の個数×8+小の凝集物の個数×1)÷2 - 前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量が12質量%を超えており、且つ前記アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの下記(1’)~(5)の工程により求められるCNF分散指数が、8000以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の食品用添加剤。
工程(1’):アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの水分含有量を調整し、得られる1.0質量%のアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液1gに、平均粒子径が0.03μm以上1μm以下の有色顔料を5~20質量%含有する色材を添加し、1分間撹拌する工程;
工程(2):上記工程(1’)で得られる色材を含有するアニオン変性セルロースナノファイバー分散液を2枚のガラス板で挟み、2枚のガラス板の間に膜厚が0.15mmの膜を形成する工程;
工程(3):上記工程(2)で得られる膜を顕微鏡(倍率:100倍)で観察する工程;
工程(4):上記工程(3)で観察される膜の3mm×2.3mmの範囲に存在する凝集物の長径を測定し、凝集物を、特大:長径150μm以上の凝集物、大:長径100μm以上150μm未満の凝集物、中:長径50μm以上100μm未満の凝集物、小:長径20μm以上50μm未満の凝集物に分類する工程;及び
工程(5):上記工程(4)で分類した各大きさの凝集物の個数を数え、下式に代入することによりCNF分散指数を算出する工程
CNF分散指数=(特大の凝集物の個数×512+大の凝集物の個数×64+中の凝集物の個数×8+小の凝集物の個数×1)÷2 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有するたれ食品。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有する、フライ食品。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有する、分散系飲料。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の食品用添加剤を含有する、穀物粉加工食品。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020187033359A KR102276830B1 (ko) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-05-15 | 식품용 첨가제 |
JP2018518292A JPWO2017199924A1 (ja) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-05-15 | 食品用添加剤 |
EP17799348.2A EP3459366A4 (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-05-15 | FOOD ADDITIVE |
US16/301,838 US20190116858A1 (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-05-15 | Food additive |
CN201780030639.6A CN109219357A (zh) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-05-15 | 食品用添加剂 |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016-097634 | 2016-05-16 | ||
JP2016097634 | 2016-05-16 | ||
JP2016-155387 | 2016-08-08 | ||
JP2016155387 | 2016-08-08 | ||
JP2016-159517 | 2016-08-16 | ||
JP2016159517 | 2016-08-16 | ||
JP2016-222068 | 2016-11-15 | ||
JP2016222068 | 2016-11-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017199924A1 true WO2017199924A1 (ja) | 2017-11-23 |
Family
ID=60325270
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2017/018252 WO2017199924A1 (ja) | 2016-05-16 | 2017-05-15 | 食品用添加剤 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190116858A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3459366A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2017199924A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102276830B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN109219357A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017199924A1 (ja) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019111934A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-07 | 2019-06-13 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロース |
JP2019156882A (ja) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-19 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 高アミロース澱粉とセルロースナノファイバーを含有する組成物 |
JP2019170358A (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カスタードクリームおよびカスタードクリームの製造方法 |
JP2019199532A (ja) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-21 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロース |
WO2020031837A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社J-オイルミルズ | フライ食品のパンク抑制剤、パンク抑制方法及びフライ食品 |
WO2020226061A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバー及び水溶性高分子を含む乳化剤と該乳化剤を用いた乳化物の製造方法 |
JP2020182903A (ja) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバー及び水溶性高分子を含む乳化剤 |
CN112135529A (zh) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-12-25 | 日本制纸株式会社 | 羧甲基化纸浆的粉碎物和含有该粉碎物的添加剂 |
JP2021010310A (ja) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-02-04 | 日本製紙株式会社 | セルロースナノファイバー含有粉体組成物及びその製造方法 |
JP2021013325A (ja) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-02-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 菓子類および菓子類の製造方法 |
JP2021040536A (ja) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-18 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 餅状食品および餅状食品の製造方法 |
CN112602761A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 贵州大学 | 一种提高肉类初始品质的减菌方法 |
JP2021113301A (ja) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-08-05 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバーと水溶性高分子との混合物の乾燥固形物を含む乳化剤を用いた乳化物の製造方法 |
EP3815542A4 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2022-03-02 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | DISPERSION COMPOSITION CONTAINING CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE |
US11518820B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2022-12-06 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Method for producing carboxymethylated cellulose and carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers |
EP3942942A4 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-12-21 | Mizkan Holdings Co., Ltd. | FOOD STRUCTURE ENHANCING AGENT, FOOD MATERIAL CONTAINING A STRUCTURE ENHANCING AGENT, FOOD PREPARED BY HARDENING FOOD MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE TASTE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FOOD |
US11591412B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2023-02-28 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers |
JP7412902B2 (ja) | 2018-05-29 | 2024-01-15 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバーを含む添加剤 |
JP7509554B2 (ja) | 2019-03-14 | 2024-07-02 | 日本製紙株式会社 | ホイップクリーム用乳化組成物 |
US12123109B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2024-10-22 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102246063B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-08 | 2021-04-29 | 닛뽕세이시 가부시키가이샤 | 셀룰로스 나노섬유 분산액의 평가 방법 |
CN112106976B (zh) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-10-14 | 杭州纸友科技有限公司 | 一种富含改性纳米纤维素的鱼糜制品添加剂的制备方法 |
KR20220059078A (ko) | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-10 | 박만석 | 식품첨가제 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07194335A (ja) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-01 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | 食用たれに用いる糊料 |
JPH08134329A (ja) * | 1994-11-10 | 1996-05-28 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | エポキシ樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
JP2009125028A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Kao Corp | 食品用材料 |
JP2013236585A (ja) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-28 | Daicel Corp | セルロースナノファイバーを含む食品及びその製造方法 |
JP2015149930A (ja) * | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-24 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 食品用保水剤 |
JP2016027795A (ja) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-02-25 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | バイオナノファイバーにより穀物粉生地強度を高める技術 |
JP2016208946A (ja) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-15 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 食品用添加剤 |
Family Cites Families (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06141815A (ja) | 1992-10-30 | 1994-05-24 | Nippon Shiyotsuken Kk | 流れ落ちにくい調味組成物 |
JP4255619B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-04 | 2009-04-15 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | セルロース分散体 |
JP2001037425A (ja) | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-13 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | フライ食品およびその製造方法 |
JP3382595B2 (ja) | 1999-08-23 | 2003-03-04 | プリマハム株式会社 | 具材及びその製造方法並びに肉まんの製造方法 |
JP2002204675A (ja) | 2001-01-10 | 2002-07-23 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 挽肉加工製品の製造法 |
JP2008092914A (ja) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-04-24 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 3成分からなる増粘ゲル化剤 |
JP2008048602A (ja) * | 2004-12-06 | 2008-03-06 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 水分散性セルロースと少なくとも1種の多糖類を含有する増粘剤 |
JP2007222041A (ja) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-09-06 | Sunnyhealth Co Ltd | 畜肉または魚肉加工食品の製造方法 |
JP4998981B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-20 | 2012-08-15 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | 微細セルロース繊維 |
JP2008118988A (ja) * | 2006-10-16 | 2008-05-29 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 耐熱性ゲル化剤 |
JP2008238115A (ja) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-10-09 | Nippon Paper Chemicals Co Ltd | 気泡含有組成物用添加剤 |
JP5203336B2 (ja) | 2009-11-16 | 2013-06-05 | 兵庫県 | 小麦粉・米粉を材料とするマドレーヌケーキの品質改良剤 |
JP5731253B2 (ja) | 2011-03-30 | 2015-06-10 | 日本製紙株式会社 | セルロースナノファイバーの製造方法 |
US8943257B2 (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2015-01-27 | Intel Corporation | Protocol neutral fabric |
JP6083118B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-07 | 2017-02-22 | 日本製紙株式会社 | ラクトアイス又はソフトクリーム用保形剤 |
JP2014092551A (ja) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-19 | Daicel Corp | 光学フィルム及びその製造方法 |
JP6351509B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-07 | 2018-07-04 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースの繊維 |
EP3095815B1 (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2018-11-28 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Dry solids of anionically modified cellulose nanofibers and processes for preparing them |
JP6237251B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-17 | 2017-11-29 | 日本製紙株式会社 | アニオン変性セルロースナノファイバーの乾燥固形物の製造方法 |
JP2015149929A (ja) | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-24 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 食品用分散安定剤 |
JP5666736B1 (ja) | 2014-06-24 | 2015-02-12 | 日本水産株式会社 | 炭火焼き肉類の製造方法。 |
KR101570001B1 (ko) * | 2014-06-25 | 2015-11-18 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 나노피브릴화 셀룰로오스를 이용한 nfc 폼 제조 방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 nfc 폼 |
WO2016133076A1 (ja) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-25 | 日本製紙株式会社 | セルロースナノファイバー分散液の評価方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-05-15 KR KR1020187033359A patent/KR102276830B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-05-15 JP JP2018518292A patent/JPWO2017199924A1/ja active Pending
- 2017-05-15 WO PCT/JP2017/018252 patent/WO2017199924A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2017-05-15 US US16/301,838 patent/US20190116858A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-15 CN CN201780030639.6A patent/CN109219357A/zh active Pending
- 2017-05-15 EP EP17799348.2A patent/EP3459366A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07194335A (ja) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-01 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | 食用たれに用いる糊料 |
JPH08134329A (ja) * | 1994-11-10 | 1996-05-28 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | エポキシ樹脂組成物の製造方法 |
JP2009125028A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Kao Corp | 食品用材料 |
JP2013236585A (ja) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-28 | Daicel Corp | セルロースナノファイバーを含む食品及びその製造方法 |
JP2015149930A (ja) * | 2014-02-13 | 2015-08-24 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 食品用保水剤 |
JP2016027795A (ja) * | 2014-07-10 | 2016-02-25 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | バイオナノファイバーにより穀物粉生地強度を高める技術 |
JP2016208946A (ja) * | 2015-05-13 | 2016-12-15 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 食品用添加剤 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3459366A4 * |
Cited By (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3722326A4 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-11-10 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | CARBOXYMETHYLATED CELLULOSE |
US12123109B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2024-10-22 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers |
CN111448219A (zh) * | 2017-12-07 | 2020-07-24 | 日本制纸株式会社 | 羧甲基化纤维素 |
US11760811B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2023-09-19 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Carboxymethylated cellulose |
US11732055B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2023-08-22 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing carboxymethylated cellulose nanofiber |
US11591412B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2023-02-28 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers |
WO2019111934A1 (ja) * | 2017-12-07 | 2019-06-13 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロース |
US11518820B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 | 2022-12-06 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Method for producing carboxymethylated cellulose and carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibers |
JP2019156882A (ja) * | 2018-03-07 | 2019-09-19 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 高アミロース澱粉とセルロースナノファイバーを含有する組成物 |
JP7148912B2 (ja) | 2018-03-07 | 2022-10-06 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 高アミロース澱粉とセルロースナノファイバーを含有する組成物 |
JP7132760B2 (ja) | 2018-03-29 | 2022-09-07 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カスタードクリームおよびカスタードクリームの製造方法 |
JP2019170358A (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カスタードクリームおよびカスタードクリームの製造方法 |
JP2019199532A (ja) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-21 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロース |
JP7191548B2 (ja) | 2018-05-16 | 2022-12-19 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロース |
EP3815541A4 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2022-04-13 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | POWDERIZED PRODUCT OF CARBOXYMETHYLATED PULP AND ADDITIVE CONTAINING SUCH POWDERIZED PRODUCT |
US12031016B2 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2024-07-09 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Dispersion composition containing carboxymethyl cellulose |
EP3815542A4 (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2022-03-02 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | DISPERSION COMPOSITION CONTAINING CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE |
CN112135529A (zh) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-12-25 | 日本制纸株式会社 | 羧甲基化纸浆的粉碎物和含有该粉碎物的添加剂 |
JP7412902B2 (ja) | 2018-05-29 | 2024-01-15 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバーを含む添加剤 |
WO2020031837A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | 株式会社J-オイルミルズ | フライ食品のパンク抑制剤、パンク抑制方法及びフライ食品 |
JP7416697B2 (ja) | 2018-08-10 | 2024-01-17 | 株式会社J-オイルミルズ | フライ食品のパンク抑制剤及びパンク抑制方法 |
JP7509554B2 (ja) | 2019-03-14 | 2024-07-02 | 日本製紙株式会社 | ホイップクリーム用乳化組成物 |
EP3942942A4 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2022-12-21 | Mizkan Holdings Co., Ltd. | FOOD STRUCTURE ENHANCING AGENT, FOOD MATERIAL CONTAINING A STRUCTURE ENHANCING AGENT, FOOD PREPARED BY HARDENING FOOD MATERIAL AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE TASTE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF FOOD |
JP2020182903A (ja) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバー及び水溶性高分子を含む乳化剤 |
WO2020226061A1 (ja) * | 2019-05-08 | 2020-11-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバー及び水溶性高分子を含む乳化剤と該乳化剤を用いた乳化物の製造方法 |
JP2021010310A (ja) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-02-04 | 日本製紙株式会社 | セルロースナノファイバー含有粉体組成物及びその製造方法 |
JP2021013325A (ja) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-02-12 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 菓子類および菓子類の製造方法 |
JP7372588B2 (ja) | 2019-07-11 | 2023-11-01 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 菓子類および菓子類の製造方法 |
JP7404724B2 (ja) | 2019-09-10 | 2023-12-26 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 餅状食品および餅状食品の製造方法 |
JP2021040536A (ja) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-18 | 日本製紙株式会社 | 餅状食品および餅状食品の製造方法 |
JP7477333B2 (ja) | 2020-01-17 | 2024-05-01 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバーと水溶性高分子との混合物の乾燥固形物を含む乳化剤を用いた乳化物の製造方法 |
JP2021113301A (ja) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-08-05 | 日本製紙株式会社 | カルボキシメチル化セルロースナノファイバーと水溶性高分子との混合物の乾燥固形物を含む乳化剤を用いた乳化物の製造方法 |
CN112602761B (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-08-25 | 贵州大学 | 一种提高肉类初始品质的减菌方法 |
CN112602761A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-06 | 贵州大学 | 一种提高肉类初始品质的减菌方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR102276830B1 (ko) | 2021-07-14 |
JPWO2017199924A1 (ja) | 2019-03-22 |
EP3459366A1 (en) | 2019-03-27 |
KR20180132902A (ko) | 2018-12-12 |
CN109219357A (zh) | 2019-01-15 |
EP3459366A4 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
US20190116858A1 (en) | 2019-04-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR102276830B1 (ko) | 식품용 첨가제 | |
JP7150603B2 (ja) | セルロースナノファイバー分散液の評価方法 | |
JP7245237B2 (ja) | カルボキシメチル化パルプの粉砕物及び該粉砕物を含む添加剤 | |
TWI458770B (zh) | High performance cellulose composite | |
CN101404892B (zh) | 微晶纤维素组合物 | |
JP5692822B2 (ja) | セルロース複合体 | |
WO2013122127A1 (ja) | セルロース組成物 | |
JP6853325B2 (ja) | セルロース複合体 | |
JP5938596B2 (ja) | 緑色野菜粉砕物を含有する飲料 | |
JP6434777B2 (ja) | セルロース複合体 | |
JP6457171B2 (ja) | セルロース複合体 | |
WO2019194085A1 (ja) | セルロース粉末 | |
US12031016B2 (en) | Dispersion composition containing carboxymethyl cellulose | |
JP2019156882A (ja) | 高アミロース澱粉とセルロースナノファイバーを含有する組成物 | |
JP6228243B2 (ja) | 緑色野菜粉砕物を含有する飲料 | |
TWI540142B (zh) | 纖維素複合體 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2018518292 Country of ref document: JP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187033359 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17799348 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017799348 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20181217 |