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WO2017177612A1 - 一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统 - Google Patents

一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017177612A1
WO2017177612A1 PCT/CN2016/098827 CN2016098827W WO2017177612A1 WO 2017177612 A1 WO2017177612 A1 WO 2017177612A1 CN 2016098827 W CN2016098827 W CN 2016098827W WO 2017177612 A1 WO2017177612 A1 WO 2017177612A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bus
frequency
frequency conversion
generator
steam turbine
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/098827
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯伟忠
Original Assignee
冯伟忠
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201620307455.2U external-priority patent/CN205647319U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610228304.2A external-priority patent/CN105703676A/zh
Application filed by 冯伟忠 filed Critical 冯伟忠
Priority to EP16898427.6A priority Critical patent/EP3444940B1/en
Priority to US16/093,564 priority patent/US20190071992A1/en
Publication of WO2017177612A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177612A1/zh
Priority to US17/118,086 priority patent/US11329583B2/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/12Combinations with mechanical gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D21/00Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/165Controlling means specially adapted therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/047V/F converter, wherein the voltage is controlled proportionally with the frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/06Control effected upon clutch or other mechanical power transmission means and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/42Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output to obtain desired frequency without varying speed of the generator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K13/00General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
    • F01K13/02Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00Application
    • F05D2220/30Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/31Application in turbines in steam turbines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00Application
    • F05D2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/76Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05D2220/766Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/20Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for steam-driven turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y02P80/15On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply

Definitions

  • another embodiment of the generalized frequency conversion system for a turbogenerator of the present invention includes a steam turbine T, a feed water pump BFP, a generator G, a speed increasing gear box GB, and a double winding transformer Tr. , frequency conversion bus a, power frequency bus b, frequency conversion bus c, power frequency bus d.
  • the auxiliary machines M1, M2, M3 ... Mn pass through the switch 1a, 2a, 3a, ..., na is connected to the inverter bus a, connected to the power frequency bus b through the switches 1b, 2b, 3b, ..., nb; the auxiliary machines M1', M2', M3' ...
  • the embodiment can directly satisfy the voltage requirement of the auxiliary motor of the generator, and at the same time, the voltage can be converted by the double-winding transformer Tr to meet the requirements of the auxiliary motor of the other voltage level. .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统,它至少包括转速可调的汽轮机(T)、给水泵(BFP)、发电机(G)、增速齿轮箱(GB)、变频母线(a,c)以及与其相连的辅机;随着机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该汽轮机(T)的蒸汽参数及抽汽量,使该汽轮机(T)转速相应变化,从而一方面通过增速齿轮箱(GB)改变给水泵(BFP)转速,另一方面改变发电机(G)输出的交流电的频率。不需额外设置其他型式的变频器,系统简单,可靠,成本低,效率高。

Description

一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统
技术领域
本发明涉及汽轮发电机组领域,尤其涉及一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统。
背景技术
在发电厂的生产过程中,水在锅炉中受热变成蒸汽,然后利用蒸汽推动汽轮机旋转,带动发电机旋转,将燃料的化学能最终转换成电能。在发电的过程中,发电厂配备的大量泵与风机等旋转辅机需要消耗大量电能。目前的一般做法是通过厂用变压器,将所发的电引出一部分供厂用辅机使用。
发电厂在工程设计时,一般按最大需求并加上一定的余量来选取辅机的容量,因而在实际运行中的辅机会有较大的裕量。而当定速运行的辅机不在满负荷下运行、特别是在低负荷运行时,其工作效率会急剧下降,这造成电能的严重浪费。如果采用变频调速技术,则可使辅机的工作点尽可能靠近高效区,并最大限度的降低风机挡板、阀门的节流损失,大大降低设备运行时的能耗,延长设备的使用寿命。以离心风机为例,根据流体力学原理,轴功率与转速的三次方成正比。当所需风量减少,风机转速降低时,其功率按转速的三次方下降。因此,变速运行的节能效果非常可观。
变频调速技术是当今节能减排、改善工艺流程以提高产品质量和改善环境、推动技术进步的一种重要手段。变频调速以其优异的调速和起制动性能、高效率、高功率因素和节电效果等优点而被国内外公认为最有发展前途的调速方式。目前电厂主要是通过加装变频器以达到改变水泵或者风机电机频率,从而改变水泵或者风机的转速,提高其运行效率,达到节能减排目的。
现在变频方式主要有可控硅变频、液力耦合变频和磁力耦合变频。在这三种变频方式中,液力耦合变频功率大,可靠性低、成本低,其效率与转速的一次方成正比,调节精度低。磁力耦合变频可靠性高,成本最高,其效率与转速的平方成正比,在转速低的时候,效率低,另外安装磁力耦合装置需要改变电机或者是设备的安装位置,拆除原先的土建基础。可控硅变频效率最高,而且其效率不受负载变化的影响,响应最快,调节精度最高。在这三种变频方法中,可控硅变频成本居中。从成本和效率的角度考虑,发电厂较多的采用可控硅变频技术。
由于发电厂对设备可靠性要求较高,所采用的转动设备,如循环水泵、送风机等设备功率大,电压等级高,因而对用于发电厂的变频器要求也极高。目前电厂中所采用变频设备主要采用可控硅技术,而可控硅变频技术的最大缺点是电压等级越高,其设备可靠性越低,而且变频设备占地面积大,其变频谐波对电网以及电机都有影响。因此,在发电厂中可控硅变频技术推广应用比较缓慢。随着技术的发展,目前已有部分产品能够较好地解决上述问题,但由于这些产品价格高昂,阻碍了其进一步推广。
为此,专利“ZL 2012 1 0006442.8”提出了一种用于火力发电厂的变频总电源系统,利用单独设置的工作转速可调的小汽轮机推动一个发电机,通过改变小汽轮机的工作转速,从而改变发电机输出的交流电的频率,该发明实现了不须借用变频器就可以获得所需频率的交流电,从而达到节能目的。但是不足之处需额外再配置一个小汽轮机和一个发电机,此外,还需配套相应的诸如凝汽器、油系统等辅助设备以及控制系统、电气系统等。
因此,专利“ZL 2014 2 0245755.3”又进一步提出了一种用于火力发电厂的新型变频系统,即给水泵汽轮机直接连接给水泵,并通过齿轮箱间接连接发电机,通过给水泵汽轮机在驱动给水泵同时,也驱动发电机,同样实现了不须采用其他型式的变频器就可获得所需频率的交流电,并将所有辅助配套系统合二为一。但是不足之处在于,随着目前机组容量不断增加,给水泵容量本身就较大,若进一步驱动发电机,功率就相对更大,以1000MW机组为例,给水泵设计功率约38MW,转速一般在4500~5300rpm,加上发电机所带辅机功率,给水泵汽轮机的功率就至少53MW,而目前给水泵汽轮机的制造工艺能力,受制于汽缸结构、叶片强度等因素,尤其是受制于高速旋转下,高离心力导致的长叶片根部的高应力,末级叶片的长度及汽轮机的排汽面积受到限制,给水泵汽轮机在额定工况下的排汽压力就会很高,这样,不仅经济性差,甚至难以与给水泵转速进行匹配。
因此,本发明致力于开发一种成本低、高可靠性、高效率、简单易行的广义变频系统。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的上述不足,本发明的目的是提供一种成本低、高可靠性、高效率、简单易行的广义变频系统。
本发明提供的一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统,它至少包括转速可调的汽轮机、给水泵、发电机和增速齿轮箱、变频母线以及辅机;其特征在于,所述汽轮机通过所述增速齿轮箱与所述给水泵连接,驱动所述给水泵;所述汽轮机与所述发电机连接,带动所述发电机发电;所述发电机通过所述变频母线与所述辅机的电动机相连。
进一步地,其特征在于,还包括工频母线、工频电源,所述辅机的电动机通过所述工频母线与所述工频电源相连。
可选地,其特征在于,还包括离合器系统,所述离合器系统设置在所述汽轮机与所述发电机之间。
进一步地,其特征在于,所述离合器系统,可为单独的安全联轴器,或单独的离合器,或安全联轴器与离合器相结合的方式。
可选地,其特征在于,还包括相应的变压器,所述变压器设置在发电机输出端后。
可选地,其特征在于,还包括开关、工频母线,所述辅机的电动机通过所述开关与所述变频母线相连;所述辅机的电动机通过所述开关与所述工频母线相连。
可选地,其特征在于,所述辅机至少为1个。
本发明提供的一种广义变频系统,其基本原理为:利用转速可调的汽轮机(称之为“变频汽轮机”),连接增速齿轮箱驱动给水泵,同时,推动发电机,根据机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该变频汽轮机的蒸汽参数及蒸汽量,使其转速相应改变,从而改变发电机输出的交流电的频率,通过变频母线进而改变连接在其上的所有辅机电动机的电源频率,最终改变辅机转动机械的转速。
其中连接在变频母线上的辅机还可连接至工频母线,工频与变频互为切换作为备用。当该汽轮机或发电机故障或其他特殊工况时,连接变频母线的辅机可迅速切换至工频,从而保证机组安全运行。
亦可进一步在变频汽轮机与发电机之间设置离合器系统,如出现变频发电机或者其电气设备故障等而要求发电机必须停运的情况,可直接通过离合器系统断开变频发电机,确保给水泵正常运行,从而确保主汽轮发电机组运行的安全性。离合器系统可以是单独的安全联轴器,或者单独的离合器,或者安全联轴器与离合器组合的方式。
此外,还可在发电机输出端后设置相应的变压器,使发电机输出电压经过变压后,可满足不同电压等级的各个辅机电动机的要求。
随着机组负荷变化,该变频系统为连接在其上的所有辅机提供了一个频率初步调整的调频电源,各辅机上的调节结构诸如阀门、挡板或动叶可调式轴流风机的动叶等可再进一步微调,以保证满足生产要求。例如,以满足调节开度最大的辅机的调节机构开度的95%的电源频率作为调频电源频率。
本发明的变频汽轮机,其工作汽源取之于主汽轮机的抽汽。此外,可在本发明的变频汽轮机前进一步设置进汽调门,这样在随机组负荷变化同时,还可进一步通过该调门来精确控制该变频汽轮机的转速。
本发明提供的一种广义变频系统主要具有如下优点:
1、本发明的广义变频系统,不须采用其他型式的变频器就可获得所需频率的交流电,从而使得连接变频母线上的辅机功耗大幅降低。
2、本发明根据给水泵以及变频汽轮机转速随机组负荷同步变化的特点,采用的变频汽轮机既驱动给水泵又带动发电机,因此,相对专利“ZL 2012 1 0006442.8”的方案来说,给水泵汽轮机与单独设置的变频汽轮机合二为一,相应设置的辅机系统亦都合二为一,大大简化了系统及降低投资,此外,合二为一的汽轮机容量相对增加,内效率也会因此得到提升。
3、本发明的变频汽轮机通过增速齿轮箱与给水泵连接,因此相对专利“ZL 2014 2 0245755.3”的方案来说,一方面,给水泵转速可设计更高,泵的直径变小,从而给水泵的制造成本可降低;泵壳变薄,启动及变负荷适应性强;另一方面,变频汽轮机转速相对较低,可与现有工频汽轮机实现一定程度的兼容,克服了变频汽轮机与给水泵之间转速较难匹配的问题;同时,变频汽轮机低转速下的排汽余速损失也要相对要低,因此相对可获得更高的内效率;此外,由于变频汽轮机低转速下可采用更长的末级叶片,取得较充裕的排汽面积,因而其排汽压力也可做到相对更低,即汽轮机运行中的实际总焓降相对要大,经济效益也会更好。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1、图2、图3、图4、图5是本发明的具体实施例的系统示意图;
图中标记:
T:汽轮机; G:发电机;BFP:给水泵;GB:齿轮箱;C:离合器系统;Tr:双绕组变压器;Tr’:三绕组变压器;
a:变频母线;b:工频母线;
c:变频母线;d:工频母线
1a,2a,3a……,na:辅机与变频母线间的开关;
1b,2b,3b……, nb:辅机与工频母线间的开关;
1c,2c,3c……,nc:辅机与变频母线间的开关;
1d,2d,3d……, nd:辅机与工频母线间的开关;
M1,M2,M3……Mn为辅机的电动机。
M1’,M2’,M3’……Mn’为辅机的电动机。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1所示,本发明的一种用于汽轮发电机组广义变频系统的具体实施例,它包括汽轮机T、给水泵BFP、发电机G、增速齿轮箱GB、变频母线a和工频母线b。辅机M1,M2,M3……Mn通过开关1a, 2a,3a,……,na与变频母线a相连,通过开关1b,2b,3b……, nb与工频母线b相连。随着机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该汽轮机的蒸汽参数及抽汽量,使该汽轮机转速相应变化,从而一方面通过齿轮箱间接改变给水泵转速,另一方面直接改变发电机输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线a上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线b与变频母线a可互为切换作为备用。当变频汽轮机或发电机故障或其他特殊工况时,所有变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b,从而保证主汽轮发电机组的安全运行。
本方案下的变频汽轮机,相对高转速的给水泵汽轮机来说,由于其转速低,可选取更长的末级叶片,,取得较充裕的排汽面积,从而可获得更低的排汽压力,以53MW的变频汽轮机为例,排汽压力相对降低2.4KPa,变频汽轮机可因此多做功3360KW。
实施例2
如图2所示,本发明的一种用于汽轮发电机组广义变频系统的另一具体实施例,它包括汽轮机T、给水泵BFP、发电机G、增速齿轮箱GB、离合器系统C、变频母线a和工频母线b。辅机M1,M2,M3……Mn通过开关1a, 2a,3a,……,na与变频母线a相连,通过开关1b,2b,3b……, nb与工频母线b相连。随着机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该汽轮机的蒸汽参数及抽汽量,使该汽轮机转速相应变化,从而一方面通过齿轮箱间接改变给水泵转速,另一方面直接改变发电机输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线a上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线b与变频母线a可互为切换作为备用。当变频汽轮机或发电机故障或其他特殊工况时,变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b,从而保证主汽轮发电机组的安全运行。
与实施例一相比,该实施例由于增设了离合器系统C,一旦发生异常工况,如出现变频发电机或者其电气设备故障等而要求发电机必须停运的情况,可直接通过离合器系统断开变频发电机,转为该汽轮机仅带给水泵运行状态,提高整个广义变频系统轴系及主汽轮发电机组运行的可靠性。
实施例3
如图3所示,本发明的一种用于汽轮发电机组广义变频系统的另一具体实施例,它包括汽轮机T、给水泵BFP、发电机G、增速齿轮箱GB、双绕组变压器Tr、变频母线a和工频母线b。辅机M1,M2,M3……Mn通过开关1a, 2a,3a,……,na与变频母线a相连,通过开关1b,2b,3b……, nb与工频母线b相连。随着机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该汽轮机的蒸汽参数及抽汽量,使该汽轮机转速相应变化,从而一方面通过齿轮箱间接改变给水泵转速,另一方面直接改变发电机输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线a上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线b与变频母线a可互为切换作为备用。当变频汽轮机或发电机故障或其他特殊工况时,变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b,从而保证安全。
与实施例一相比,该实施例由于增设了双绕组变压器Tr,因此可使发电机输出电压经过变压后来满足同电压等级的各个辅机电动机的要求。
实施例4
如图4所示,本发明的一种用于汽轮发电机组广义变频系统的另一具体实施例,它包括汽轮机T、给水泵BFP、发电机G、增速齿轮箱GB、双绕组变压器Tr、变频母线a、工频母线b、变频母线c、工频母线d。辅机M1,M2,M3……Mn通过开关1a, 2a,3a,……,na与变频母线a相连,通过开关1b,2b,3b……, nb与工频母线b相连;辅机M1’,M2’,M3’……Mn’通过开关1c, 2c,3c,……,nc与变频母线c相连,通过开关1d,2d,3d……, nd与工频母线d相连。随着机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该汽轮机的蒸汽参数及抽汽量,使该汽轮机转速相应变化,从而一方面通过齿轮箱间接改变给水泵转速,另一方面直接改变发电机输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线a上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线b与变频母线a可互为切换作为备用;同时通过双绕组变压器Tr后,为不同电压等级的变频母线c上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线d与变频母线c可互为切换作为备用。
当变频汽轮机或发电机故障或其他特殊工况时,变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b,同时变频母线c上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线d,从而保证主汽轮发电机组的安全运行。
与实施例一相比,本实施例既可直接将发电机输出电压满足部分辅机电动机的电压要求,同时又可使电压经过双绕组变压器Tr变压后,满足其它电压等级辅机电动机的要求。
实施例5
如图5所示,本发明的一种用于汽轮发电机组广义变频系统的另一具体实施例,它包括汽轮机T、给水泵BFP、发电机G、增速齿轮箱GB、三绕组变压器Tr’、变频母线a、工频母线b、变频母线c、工频母线d。辅机M1,M2,M3……Mn通过开关1a, 2a,3a,……,na与变频母线a相连,通过开关1b,2b,3b……, nb与工频母线b相连;辅机M1’,M2’,M3’……Mn’通过开关1c, 2c,3c,……,nc与变频母线c相连,通过开关1d,2d,3d……, nd与工频母线d相连。随着机组负荷变化,相应调节(改变)进入该汽轮机的蒸汽参数及抽汽量,使该汽轮机转速相应变化,从而一方面通过齿轮箱间接改变给水泵转速,另一方面直接改变发电机输出的交流电的频率。这个发电机为连接在变频母线a上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线b与变频母线a可互为切换作为备用;同时通过双绕组变压器Tr后,为不同电压等级的变频母线c上的所有辅机提供变频动力电源,而工频母线d与变频母线c可互为切换作为备用。
当变频汽轮机或发电机故障或其他特殊工况时,变频母线a上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线b,同时变频母线c上的辅机可迅速切换至工频母线d,从而保证主汽轮发电机组的安全运行。
与实施例一相比,本实施例将发电机输出电压经过三绕组变压器Tr’变压后,再分别通过变频母线a、c为两种不同电压等级的辅机电动机提供变频动力电源。
需注意的是,在本发明的以上实施例中,双绕组变压器Tr、三绕组变压器Tr’以及离合器系统C是可以组合成多种实施例,但皆应在本发明专利保护范围内。
以上详细描述了本发明的具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于汽轮发电机组的广义变频系统,包括转速可调的汽轮机、给水泵、发电机和增速齿轮箱、变频母线以及辅机;其特征在于,所述汽轮机通过所述增速齿轮箱与所述给水泵连接,驱动所述给水泵;所述汽轮机与所述发电机连接,带动所述发电机发电;所述发电机通过所述变频母线与所述辅机的电动机相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的广义变频系统,其特征在于,还包括工频母线、工频电源,所述辅机的电动机通过所述工频母线与所述工频电源相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的广义变频系统,其特征在于,还包括离合器系统,所述离合器系统设置在所述汽轮机与所述发电机之间。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的广义变频系统,其特征在于,所述离合器系统,可为单独的安全联轴器,或单独的离合器,或安全联轴器与离合器相结合的方式。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的广义变频系统,其特征在于,还包括变压器,所述变压器设置在发电机输出端后,通过变频母线与所述辅机的电动机相连。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的广义变频系统,其特征在于,还包括开关、工频母线,所述辅机的电动机通过所述开关与所述变频母线相连;所述辅机的电动机通过所述开关与所述工频母线相连。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的广义变频系统,其特征在于,所述辅机至少为1个。
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