WO2010060235A1 - 提高电站直接空冷系统的冷却能力的方法及冷却系统 - Google Patents
提高电站直接空冷系统的冷却能力的方法及冷却系统 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010060235A1 WO2010060235A1 PCT/CN2008/001974 CN2008001974W WO2010060235A1 WO 2010060235 A1 WO2010060235 A1 WO 2010060235A1 CN 2008001974 W CN2008001974 W CN 2008001974W WO 2010060235 A1 WO2010060235 A1 WO 2010060235A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- motor
- frequency
- cooling system
- fan
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
- F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/221—Improvement of heat transfer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
- F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B11/00—Controlling arrangements with features specially adapted for condensers
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of power generation technology, and relates to a direct air cooling system of a power station, in particular to a method for improving the cooling capacity of a direct air cooling system of a power station, and a cooling system for a direct air cooling system of a power station. Background technique
- the cooling system is an important part of the power production process.
- the turbine exhaust steam that has been subjected to the work needs to be cooled and condensed in the condenser, and then the cycle is restarted.
- the cooling system of the power station is divided into two modes: water cooling and air cooling.
- the main difference between the two is the cooling system.
- the generator set using the air cooling system is based on ambient air instead of water as the cooling medium for steam exhaust.
- the air cooling system of the power station includes two categories, one is the indirect air cooling system, and can be divided into the hybrid air cooling system and the surface air cooling system.
- the indirect air cooling system the cooling water from the steam turbine surface condenser is in the cooling tower. It is cooled.
- the second is the direct air cooling system (ACC).
- Direct air cooling is the steam exhaust of the steam turbine directly cooled by air, and the air is exchanged with the steam.
- the direct air cooling system effectively solves the contradiction between rich coal and water, and represents the development direction of the future air cooling system (see Tawney R, Khan Z, Zachary J. Economic and performance evaluation of heat sink options in combined cycle applications [A], proceeding Of Turbo Expo [C]. ASME/IGTI Turbo Expo, Atlanta, Georgia, UAS, 2003).
- the operating principle of a power plant using a direct air cooling system is shown in Figure 1.
- the pump sends water to the boiler, which heats the water to a superheated state by burning fuel (coal, oil, natural gas or gas, etc.), and sends the superheated steam to the steam turbine by pipes.
- the generator is driven by a steam turbine to generate electricity.
- the steam pressure and temperature of the work done are reduced to 5Kpa (kiloPascal) ⁇ 50KPa, 30 ⁇ 38 V, and piped to the direct air-cooled radiator.
- the heat of the steam in the radiator from the bottom up by the cooling fan Take away, cool the steam into water, and the cooled water is collected and sent to the boiler for heating to form a circulation.
- Datong Second Power Plant (2x600MW (1000 kW) unit) Introduced Germany's single-row tube direct air cooling system
- Datong Yungang Power Plant (2x200MW unit) introduced Germany's double-row tube direct air cooling system
- Yushe Power Plant (2x300MW unit) introduced to the United States Three-row tube direct air cooling system.
- the core part of the direct air cooling system is the fan cooling system.
- the core equipment of the fan cooling system are: transformer, frequency converter, cable, variable frequency motor, reducer and fan.
- the transformer, frequency converter and cable provide the required power for the variable frequency motor.
- the motor drives the reducer.
- the reducer drives the fan to rotate, pushing the air to flow from the bottom to the top. When the flowing air passes through the radiator, it forms a convective heat transfer. The heat is taken away to achieve the purpose of cooling the steam.
- Direct air cooling system is still in its infancy in China, and it lacks experience in design and operation. Power plant owners are more concerned about the safety of air-cooled systems than the air-cooled system design optimization (please refer to the “Introduction to Air Cooling System of Power Stations” issued by China Industrial Control Network on January 10, 2008).
- the independent design and independent set of air cooling system for large power stations has become one of the important tasks for the localization of major technical equipment in China.
- the operating parameters of the existing fan cooling system of the direct air cooling system of the power station when the maximum output capacity is reached are:
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a cooling system for a direct air cooling system of a power plant.
- the motor working at 380-390V voltage and 40-47HZ frequency drives the fan to rotate according to the set speed ratio through the reducer;
- the rotating fan feeds the cooling air towards the radiator.
- the invention provides an output reactor between the frequency converter and the motor to suppress interference of the harmonics on the motor.
- the invention also provides an input reactor between the transformer and the frequency converter to suppress harmonic interference to the power grid.
- the speed ratio of the reducer is the speed of the motor at 40-47HZ / 1 10-130% rated fan speed.
- the input reactor voltage drop ranges from 1% to 5%; the output reactor inductance value is between 30-50 ⁇ .
- the transformer is connected to the 10KV or 6KV voltage of the power grid and converted into a voltage of 400V; the input reactor is connected Into the above 400V voltage, output 395-398V voltage to the inverter; The inverter runs at 40-47HZ frequency, output 395-398V voltage to the output reactor; The output reactor connected to the above 395-398V voltage outputs 385-395V through the cable Voltage; The motor operates at 380-390V and 40-47HZ.
- the long-term working withstand voltage of each equipment of the cooling system is: Transformer: 420V; Inverter: 480V; Motor: 400V.
- the cooling system of the present invention comprises a transformer electrically connected by a cable, a frequency converter, a motor, a speed reducer and a fan, wherein the transformer is connected to the grid voltage, a voltage is output to the motor through the frequency converter, and the frequency converter outputs a frequency to the motor, the motor input
- the terminal voltage is 380-390V
- the access frequency is 40-47HZ.
- the above system also includes an output reactor disposed between the frequency converter and the motor.
- the speed ratio of the reducer is the speed of the motor at 40-47HZ / 1 10-130% of the rated speed of the fan.
- the input reactor voltage drop ranges from 1% to 5%; the output reactor inductance value is between 30-50 ⁇ .
- the transformer is a dry transformer.
- the cooling capacity of the system is directly related to the wind speed.
- the graph shows the relationship between the wind speed of the radiator and the heat transfer coefficient ⁇ and the radiator pressure drop. It can be seen from the figure that ⁇ is the wind speed. Increase and increase, that is, the greater the wind speed, the better the heat transfer performance.
- Increasing the fan speed can theoretically be achieved by increasing the motor speed, ie increasing the motor speed by increasing the motor speed infinitely through the frequency converter.
- the motor is a turning point of the characteristic at 50 ,. Below this value, it is a constant torque output. Above this value, it is a constant power output. Therefore, it is not feasible to change the motor speed to increase the fan speed by more than 50 ⁇ .
- the first is how to ensure that the motor can output the maximum capacity
- the second is how to efficiently transfer the torque output from the motor to the fan.
- the motor is not designed to achieve the rated voltage of 380KV at 55HZ.
- the motor is operated at approximately 40-47 Hz (for statistical data)
- the voltage obtained is the largest, but only 90 to 95% of the rated voltage.
- it is not only the operating voltage of the motor that changes, but also the operating point of the motor has changed from 55HZ to 40-47HZ (for statistical data). Therefore, in order to make the motor output capability work well, it is necessary to re-determine the operating point of the motor according to the actual situation and provide guarantee for the normal working voltage of the motor. ⁇
- Figure 6 shows the output voltage curve of the inverter. It can be proved by comparison between Figure 5 and Figure 6 that the voltage drop mainly occurs in the reactor and cable.
- the present invention considers the above factors to increase the output voltage of the transformer from the existing 380V to 400V, so that even if there is a voltage drop factor, the input voltage of the motor can reach 380-390V.
- the output frequency of the frequency converter is from the original 55HZ Reduce to 40-47HZ, so that the electrode works within the range that can reach the maximum output torque and operating voltage.
- the next step is to effectively transfer the output capacity of the motor to the fan. Because the speed reducer is set in the system to amplify the output torque of the system, the speed ratio of the reducer directly affects the performance of the fan.
- the wind speed of the fan is determined by the amount of air blown by the fan. In order to increase the fan speed, the fan volume must be increased.
- ⁇ * ⁇ 2 , where ⁇ ⁇ : motor speed; ⁇ 2: fan speed; ⁇ : speed ratio.
- the reducer plays a role of torque amplification in the system, and the amplification factor is the speed ratio of the reducer.
- the speed ratio of the reducer is theoretically the speed at the maximum output capacity of the motor/the maximum air volume of the fan.
- the actual speed ratio selected by the existing system is the rated motor speed / 110
- the rated speed of the fan is the ratio of the speed of the motor operating at 55 Hz to the rated speed of the 110% fan.
- the selection of the fan at 110% of the rated speed does not take into account the fan margin. Taking into account the natural wind After the impact, in order to enhance the cooling wind can resist the influence of cross-cut wind, the speed ratio should be reduced.
- the present invention takes into account the influence of the fan margin and the ambient wind.
- the selected speed ratio is the speed at which the motor operates at 40-47 Hz / 1 10% - 130% of the fan rated speed, and the specific value depends on the size of the ambient wind.
- the cooling system of the present invention and the prior art can be compared by the operating parameters and effects achieved in Table 2.
- FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the wind speed and heat transfer coefficient K of the radiator and the pressure drop of the radiator
- Figure 4 Schematic diagram of motor output torque versus frequency
- FIG. 5 Schematic diagram of motor voltage and frequency
- FIG. 6 Schematic diagram of inverter voltage and frequency detailed description
- the invention is used for retrofitting a cooling system of a direct air cooling system in which the output of the high temperature in summer is not up to the design requirement, and is also suitable for the design of a new direct air cooling power station.
- the main factor affecting the direct air cooling heat transfer effect is the oncoming wind speed of the fan blowing toward the radiator.
- the oncoming wind speed is a key parameter for the calculation of the system area. The theory shows that for a 300 MW unit, the oncoming wind speed is increased by 0.1 m / s, which can reduce the heat exchange area by about 10,000 square meters.
- the cooling system of the direct air cooling system of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2, and includes the following equipment, a transformer, a frequency converter, a motor, a speed reducer and a fan.
- the electric resistance shown in the figure is for suppressing interference of the harmonics on the motor and the power grid.
- the setting can be omitted or replaced with a filter.
- the power supply is reduced from high voltage (10KV or 6KV) to 400V via the transformer.
- the frequency converter supplies the frequency converter to the motor through the inverter, and then the motor drives the speed reducer.
- the speed reducer drives the fan to rotate to provide cooling air to the system.
- the transformer is usually dry type, the high voltage terminal voltage is usually designed to be 10KV or 6KV, and the low voltage terminal is 400V. (The specific value of the low voltage end has made the working voltage of the motor reach 380-390V, 400V is considering the statistical system voltage drop. The value chosen).
- the transformer output voltage needs to be adjusted to 400V, which is done by adjusting the wiring switch on the high voltage side.
- the adjustment process for the transformer of the existing system is as follows:
- On-load tap changer change the number of turns of the coil by automatic controller or electric or manual operation.
- the shaft power of the motor the efficiency of the reducer, the motor efficiency, the motor temperature derating factor, the long cable derating factor, the output reactor derating factor, the harmonic derating factor, the frequency conversion
- the temperature derating factor is converted to the input side of the inverter to calculate the inverter capacity.
- the inverter outputs 40-47HZ frequency to the motor.
- the input reactor generally selects a reactor with a voltage drop range of 1-5%, so that the degree of interference of the harmonic suppression on the grid is kept within the national standard.
- the output reactor uses a reactor with an inductance value between 30 and 50 ⁇ , which effectively suppresses harmonic interference to the motor.
- the motor operates at 380-390V and the operating frequency is 40-47 ⁇ . Therefore, the speed ratio of the reducer should be set to the speed of the motor at 40-47 / /1 10% rated fan speed.
- the flow margin of the fan should not be lower than 30%, and the speed ratio of the reducer should be set to The speed of the motor at 40-47HZ / 1 10-130% rated fan speed, the specific value is set according to the size of the ambient wind.
- the long-term working withstand voltage of each device of the cooling system can be respectively set as follows: Transformer: 420V; Inverter: 480V; Motor: 400V.
- An actual operation example of the cooling system of the present invention is: 6KV voltage of the transformer connected to the power grid, converted into 400V voltage; the input reactor is connected to the above 400V voltage, and outputs 395V voltage to the frequency converter; the frequency converter operates at 42HZ frequency, Output 395V voltage to the output reactor; the output reactor connected to the above 395V voltage outputs 380V through the cable; the motor runs at 380V and 42Hz frequency.
- the ambient wind speed is about 2 m / s.
- the reducer drives the fan according to the speed of the motor at 42 Hz / 1 15% of the rated speed of the fan. The wind blows toward the radiator. At this time, the wind speed is increased by 8%.
- Another practical operating system transformer of the present invention is connected to the 6KV voltage of the power grid and converted into 400V voltage; the input reactor is connected to the above 400V voltage, and outputs 396V voltage to the frequency converter; the frequency converter operates at 40Hz frequency and outputs 396V voltage.
- the output reactor is connected; the output reactor connected to the above 396V voltage outputs 382V through the cable; the motor operates at 382V and 40Hz frequency.
- the ambient wind speed is about 1 m / s.
- the reducer drives the fan according to the speed of the motor at 40 Hz / 1 10% of the rated speed of the fan, and blows the face to the radiator. At this time, the wind speed is increased by 12%.
- Another practical operating system transformer of the present invention is connected to the 10KV voltage of the power grid and converted into 400V voltage; the input reactor is connected to the above 400V voltage, and outputs 398V voltage to the frequency converter; the frequency converter operates at 47HZ frequency, and outputs 398V voltage.
- the output reactor is connected; the output reactor connected to the above 398V voltage outputs 390V through the cable; the motor operates at 390V and 40Hz frequency.
- the ambient wind speed is about 6 m / s.
- the reducer drives the fan according to the speed of the motor at 47 Hz / the rated speed of the fan at 130%, and blows the face to the radiator. At this time, the wind speed is increased by 14%.
- the system of the present invention will have a 30% power generation loss under the premise of having a rated load in a 300 MW direct air cooling unit at a high temperature in summer, and the power loss of 90 MW/H can be avoided by the above method.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/601,511 US8320750B2 (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-12-05 | Method for improving cooling capacity of a power station direct air-cooling system and the cooling system thereof |
DE112008002100.7T DE112008002100B4 (de) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-12-05 | Verfahren zum Verbessern der Kühlleistung eines Direktluftkühlungssystems für ein Kraftwerk und des Kühlungssystems desselben |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200810227678.8A CN101430168B (zh) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | 提高电站直接空冷系统的冷却能力的方法及冷却系统 |
CN200810227678.8 | 2008-11-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2010060235A1 true WO2010060235A1 (zh) | 2010-06-03 |
Family
ID=40645704
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CN2008/001974 WO2010060235A1 (zh) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-12-05 | 提高电站直接空冷系统的冷却能力的方法及冷却系统 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8320750B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101430168B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE112008002100B4 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010060235A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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ITVR20120155A1 (it) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-25 | Motive S R L | Motore elettrico con inverter a bordo |
CN104456763A (zh) | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | 空调室外机风机驱动器的散热结构及空调室外机 |
US10132568B2 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2018-11-20 | Holtec International | Dry cooling system for powerplants |
US10161683B2 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2018-12-25 | Holtec International | Dry cooling system for powerplants |
CN109990616A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-07-09 | 梁新强 | 一种汽轮发电机组凝汽器水冷变为空冷的系统装置及方法 |
CN114357023B (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-23 | 朗坤智慧科技股份有限公司 | 一种基于数据驱动的直接空冷机组运行优化方法及系统 |
CN114876841B (zh) * | 2022-04-21 | 2024-04-30 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | 一种空冷风机运行频率控制方法、装置及电子设备 |
Citations (4)
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GB464531A (en) * | 1936-03-23 | 1937-04-20 | Otto Happel | Improvements in and relating to air cooled surface condensers |
JPS61121799A (ja) * | 1984-11-16 | 1986-06-09 | Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd | Pwmインバ−タ装置付き天井扇 |
JPH11132675A (ja) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-05-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | 復水器の制御方法 |
CN101430167A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-05-13 | 中国大唐集团科技工程有限公司 | 提高直接空冷系统电机输出传递效率的方法及系统 |
Family Cites Families (8)
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US4506508A (en) * | 1983-03-25 | 1985-03-26 | Chicago Bridge & Iron Company | Apparatus and method for condensing steam |
JPS6186069A (ja) * | 1984-10-02 | 1986-05-01 | Tamura Seisakusho Co Ltd | 自動はんだ付けシステムの制御装置 |
US4742441A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-05-03 | Heart Interface Corporation | High frequency switching power converter |
US4926931A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-22 | Larinoff Michael W | Freeze protected, air-cooled vacuum steam condensers |
US4949543A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1990-08-21 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Tube and fin assembly for heat exchangers in power plants |
JPH0674522A (ja) * | 1992-06-26 | 1994-03-15 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 空気調和機の制御方法 |
DE10143279B4 (de) * | 2001-09-04 | 2009-05-28 | Semikron Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Frequenzumrichter |
TWM290932U (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2006-05-21 | Fego Prec Ind Co Ltd | Universal low-energy-consumption ceiling fan controller |
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2008
- 2008-11-28 CN CN200810227678.8A patent/CN101430168B/zh active Active
- 2008-12-05 WO PCT/CN2008/001974 patent/WO2010060235A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2008-12-05 DE DE112008002100.7T patent/DE112008002100B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-05 US US12/601,511 patent/US8320750B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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GB464531A (en) * | 1936-03-23 | 1937-04-20 | Otto Happel | Improvements in and relating to air cooled surface condensers |
JPS61121799A (ja) * | 1984-11-16 | 1986-06-09 | Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd | Pwmインバ−タ装置付き天井扇 |
JPH11132675A (ja) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-05-21 | Nippon Steel Corp | 復水器の制御方法 |
CN101430167A (zh) * | 2008-11-28 | 2009-05-13 | 中国大唐集团科技工程有限公司 | 提高直接空冷系统电机输出传递效率的方法及系统 |
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LIU, WEIXING ET AL.: "Application of Air Cooled Condenser System in Coal-fired Plants.", ELECTRIC POWER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING., no. 3, September 2004 (2004-09-01), pages 72 - 74 * |
ZHAO, ZHIDONG ET AL.: "Development and Present Situation of Air-cooled Condenser.", NORTH CHINA ELECTRIC POWER., no. 5, May 2004 (2004-05-01), pages 44 - 50 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112008002100T5 (de) | 2010-11-04 |
CN101430168B (zh) | 2010-08-11 |
US20110214845A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
CN101430168A (zh) | 2009-05-13 |
US8320750B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
DE112008002100B4 (de) | 2015-12-31 |
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