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WO2017092404A1 - 触控显示装置及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

触控显示装置及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017092404A1
WO2017092404A1 PCT/CN2016/095641 CN2016095641W WO2017092404A1 WO 2017092404 A1 WO2017092404 A1 WO 2017092404A1 CN 2016095641 W CN2016095641 W CN 2016095641W WO 2017092404 A1 WO2017092404 A1 WO 2017092404A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display device
pressure
cathode
organic light
touch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/095641
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王鹏鹏
董学
王海生
陈小川
丁小梁
刘英明
杨盛际
赵卫杰
李昌峰
刘伟
刘红娟
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US15/504,538 priority Critical patent/US10139977B2/en
Publication of WO2017092404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017092404A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/04166—Details of scanning methods, e.g. sampling time, grouping of sub areas or time sharing with display driving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0447—Position sensing using the local deformation of sensor cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
    • H10K59/1216—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements the pixel elements being capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/40—OLEDs integrated with touch screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/805—Electrodes
    • H10K59/8052—Cathodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/0418—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
    • G06F3/04184—Synchronisation with the driving of the display or the backlighting unit to avoid interferences generated internally

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a touch display device and a driving method thereof.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • AMOLED Active Matrix OLED, active matrix
  • Force Touch technology is a technology that can detect external forces. This technology has been used in industrial control and medical applications for a long time. Driven by Apple, many vendors are looking for a suitable solution to achieve Force Touch's pressure sensing in the display field, especially in the mobile phone or tablet field, which can enable customers to have a better human-computer interaction experience.
  • the current design requires an additional inspection mechanism to be added to the display device, and due to the large assembly tolerances, this design scheme imposes a large limitation on the accuracy of pressure detection.
  • the main purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a touch display device and a driving method that do not need to add an additional detecting mechanism, and implement the Force Touch function of the display device. Since the touch display device does not need to add an additional detecting mechanism, there is no large Assembly tolerances can improve the accuracy of the touch display device for detecting touch pressure.
  • a touch display device includes a metal layer, a cathode layer, and a plurality of groups of organic light emitting units, wherein the cathode layer includes a plurality of cathodes, each group of organic light emitting units includes a plurality of organic light emitting units, and the organic light emitting unit in each of the group of organic light emitting units A cathode is shared, and cathodes corresponding to the plurality of groups of organic light-emitting units are insulated from each other; wherein each of the cathodes and the metal layer constitutes a capacitive pressure sensor.
  • each of the cathodes includes a touch electrode and a signal lead for transmitting an electrical signal, and one end of the signal lead and the touch electrode Connected, the other end of the signal lead extends to the non-display area.
  • the number of the signal leads extending toward the four sides of the non-display area are equal.
  • the signal lead is disposed in the same layer as all the touch electrodes.
  • the signal lead and the touch electrode are disposed in different layers.
  • the metal layer includes a metal plate on a middle frame of the touch display device; the metal layer is disposed on a side of the cathode away from the organic light emitting unit, the metal layer and the cathode An encapsulation layer for encapsulating the organic light emitting unit is disposed therebetween, and a gap of a predetermined height exists between the metal layer and the cathode.
  • the metal layer is spaced apart from the encapsulation layer.
  • the material of the cathode comprises a metal.
  • the touch display device further includes: a driving module, configured to load a pressure scan signal to each of the cathodes during a pressure scanning phase; and a detecting module, configured to detect each of the cathodes during the pressure scanning phase A capacitance change data is formed between the metal layer and the metal layer; and a processing module is configured to determine a corresponding pressure value according to the correspondence between the capacitance change data and the preset capacitance change data and the pressure value.
  • a driving module configured to load a pressure scan signal to each of the cathodes during a pressure scanning phase
  • a detecting module configured to detect each of the cathodes during the pressure scanning phase
  • a capacitance change data is formed between the metal layer and the metal layer
  • a processing module is configured to determine a corresponding pressure value according to the correspondence between the capacitance change data and the preset capacitance change data and the pressure value.
  • the driving module is further configured to load a common signal to each of the cathodes during a display phase.
  • a driving method of a touch display device is provided, which is applied to the touch display device, including: loading a common signal to each of the cathodes during a display phase; Each of the cathodes is loaded with a pressure scan signal; during the pressure scanning phase, capacitance change data forming a capacitance between each of the cathode and the metal layer is detected; according to the capacitance change data and preset capacitance change data Corresponding relationship with the pressure value determines the corresponding pressure value.
  • the capacitance change data includes: the capacitor in a charging state reaches a predetermined voltage a value of the required charging time; the corresponding relationship includes: a first correspondence, the first correspondence is a correspondence between the charging time and a pressure value; and the step of determining the corresponding pressure value comprises: Determining the charging time and the first correspondence, determining a pressure value corresponding to the charging time.
  • the capacitance change data includes: a voltage value that is reached when the capacitor in a charging state ends at a predetermined charging time; the corresponding relationship includes: a second correspondence, where the second correspondence is the voltage Corresponding relationship between the value and the pressure value; determining the corresponding pressure value comprises: determining a pressure value corresponding to the voltage value according to the voltage value and the second correspondence.
  • the touch display device and the driving method thereof are divided into multiple groups by using the organic light emitting unit inside the touch display device, and each group of organic light emitting units share a cathode, and the cathodes are insulated from each other.
  • the cathode layer and the metal layer inside the display device form a capacitive pressure sensor.
  • the touch display device can integrate the Force Touch device and the display device, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and eliminating the need for an additional detection mechanism. Larger assembly tolerances improve the accuracy of touch display devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a smartphone according to the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of a cathode in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pixel circuit in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of driving signals in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a driving method of a touch display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of determining a pressure sensing value in a first manner, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of determining a pressure sensing value in a second manner, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a smart phone according to the related art.
  • the cathode of the organic light emitting unit in the display device is a complete planar structure, and the organic light emitting unit The anode is correspondingly disposed, and this structure cannot sense the touch pressure applied by the user on the touch screen (ie, the lower surface of the back sheet glass in FIG. 1).
  • the cathode of the organic light emitting unit in the display device of the related art is a complete planar structure, which is not effectively utilized, and the related art can only add a Force Touch detecting device at the middle frame position of the display device. The purpose of detecting the touch pressure can be achieved.
  • a touch display device includes: a metal layer and a plurality of groups of organic light emitting units, each set of organic light emitting units includes a plurality of organic light emitting units, and the organic light emitting units in each of the sets of organic light emitting units share a cathode, and the cathodes are insulated from each other; Wherein each of the cathode and the metal layer constitutes a capacitive pressure sensor.
  • the organic light emitting unit may be an organic light emitting diode, corresponding to the display device shown in FIG. 1 , which is equivalent to dividing the organic light emitting diodes in FIG. 1 into multiple groups, and the organic light emitting in each group of organic light emitting diodes The diodes share a cathode which is insulated from each other.
  • each cathode forms a capacitor structure with the preset metal layer in the touch display device.
  • the capacitance value becomes large, if the pressure If the voltage is smaller, the magnitude of the capacitance value is smaller. If the pressure is larger, the capacitance value becomes larger.
  • the control display device can integrate the Force Touch device and the display device without changing the structural design of the display device in the related art, reducing the manufacturing cost, and without adding an additional detection mechanism, so there is no large assembly tolerance, and Improve the accuracy of the touch display device.
  • the metal layer may be a metal plate on a middle frame of the touch display device, the metal layer is disposed in a direction in which the cathode faces away from the organic light emitting unit, and the metal An encapsulation layer for packaging the organic light emitting unit and a predetermined height are disposed between the layer and the cathode
  • FIG. 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG.
  • the touch display device uses an organic light emitting diode as a
  • the organic light emitting unit is provided with a package cover plate 1 on the cathode of the organic light emitting diode, a gap 3 of a certain height is reserved between the package cover plate 1 and the metal plate 2, and four cathodes 4 and a metal plate 2 (ie, the metal Layer) forming four capacitor structures C1, C2, C3, C4, four capacitor structures can be equivalent to four pressure sensors (four sensors), of course, Figure 2 only exemplarily describes the capacitor structure, and the capacitor structure
  • the number (corresponding to the number of cathodes) is not limited. In practical applications, how many cathodes are designed depends on the actual touch sensitivity requirements.
  • the cathode layer in the related art is divided into a plurality of small cathodes (ie, the cathodes) by means of cathode multiplexing, and each small cathode is used as a pressure sensing sensor (Sensor), the pressure sensing sensor and a mobile phone, etc.
  • the metal plate of the middle frame of the display device forms a capacitance, and when the finger is pressed to the surface of the screen (the surface on the side of the back plate in FIG. 2), the capacitance data is sensed by the pressure sensing sensor and the metal plate of the frame 5 of the mobile phone to sense the finger.
  • the pressing force in turn, enables pressure sensing detection, which applies pressure sensing technology to the inside of the display device, thereby increasing the added value of the product.
  • a touch display device includes a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area. Due to the above-mentioned operation of the capacitor structure, at least one of the plates of the capacitor structure needs to be charged. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a charging connection for receiving the electrical signal input for at least one of the plates. Based on this, a preferred example is provided.
  • the cathodes each include a touch electrode and a signal lead for transmitting an electrical signal, one end of the signal lead is connected to the touch electrode, and the other end of the signal lead extends to the non-display area.
  • the power is supplied to the touch electrodes by means of leads, and the signal leads and the touch electrodes can be formed in the same layer, and other methods can be used in practical applications.
  • the vias can be set differently.
  • the layer connects and charges the touch electrodes.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the shape of a cathode according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • this signal-based lead-based capacitor power supply only one mask (MASK) can be used. The entire pattern design can be completed.
  • the signal leads supply power to the capacitor
  • a preferred example is provided in which the number of the signal leads extending toward the four sides of the non-display area are respectively equal, such a design is advantageous, for example, all The signal leads can be evenly distributed, which can avoid excessive concentration of some leads and increase the difficulty of the process.
  • the more obvious effect is that since the number of cathodes (that is, the number of touch plates) is large, the signal leads have a small width but also have For a certain width, for the touch electrodes near the edge, the signal leads of the touch electrode cathodes of all internal positions need to pass, and many signal leads must occupy a certain area, resulting in the area of the touch electrodes near the edges. Too small, the resulting multiple capacitor plates are not equal in area, and the difficulty in charging control of the capacitors increases.
  • the material of the cathode includes an ITO electrode or a metal.
  • the material of the cathode includes metal, and the cathode (layer) in the AMOLED display screen based on the bottom emission principle is metal, and thus Some embodiments of the present disclosure may be better suited for display devices that include AMOLED displays, although other types of displays are of course not excluded.
  • the above describes the structure of the pressure sensing capacitor for detecting the touch pressure in the touch display device.
  • the function of the touch display device will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the touch display device includes both a display function and a Force Touch function, and correspondingly, for the working signal, two working phases, a display phase and a pressure scanning phase, are included.
  • T1 to T3 are switching TFTs
  • DT is a data signal
  • GT and EM are scanning signals.
  • the control TFT switch is turned on or off. Since the display phase is not much different from the traditional design, I won't go into too much detail here.
  • FIG. 5 is a timing diagram of driving signals according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the P1-P4 phase is a display phase, and after the display phase ends, a pressure sensing phase is entered, which is to the cathode. (Sensor) input square wave signal, detect the touch pressure by detecting the capacitance change data of the Sensor and the middle frame capacitor.
  • the EM signal is at a low level
  • T3 in FIG. 4 is In the off state, the AMOLED does not emit light, which can eliminate the influence on the display during the pressure detection process at this stage.
  • the function module included in the above touch display device may specifically include: a driving module for loading a pressure scan signal to each of the cathodes in the pressure scanning phase (VSS in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5). a signal timing of a VSS during a pressure scan phase); a detection module for a pressure scanning phase, detecting capacitance change data forming a capacitance between each of the cathode and the metal layer; and a processing module configured to perform a correspondence between the capacitance change data and the preset capacitance change data and the pressure value according to the capacitance , determine the corresponding pressure value.
  • the drive module can also be used to load a common signal to each of the cathodes during the display phase (and the signal timing of VSS in the display phase in Figure 5).
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a driving method of a touch display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6 , the flow includes the following steps (step S602 - step S608 ):
  • Step S602 in the display phase, loading a common signal to each of the cathodes
  • Step S604 loading a pressure scan signal to each of the cathodes during a pressure scanning phase
  • Step S606 in the pressure scanning phase, detecting capacitance change data of capacitance formed between each of the cathode and the metal layer;
  • Step S608 determining a corresponding pressure value according to the correspondence between the capacitance change data and the preset capacitance change data and the pressure value.
  • step S608 the following two different manners may be adopted according to different contents of the capacitance change data:
  • the capacitance change data includes a charging time required for the capacitor in a charging state to reach a predetermined voltage value, where the correspondence includes a first correspondence, wherein the first correspondence is the charging time and pressure The correspondence between values.
  • the pressure value corresponding to the charging time may be determined according to the charging time and the first correspondence.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram of determining a pressure sensing value in a manner according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a fixed standard voltage value ie, a fixed voltage
  • the length of the touch pressure is determined by the length of the touch. For example, when the finger pressure is small, the capacitance between the metal plate and the cathode on the middle frame is increased to a small extent, and a shorter time (T2 in FIG. 7A) can be completed.
  • T1 in Fig. 7A the capacitance between the metal plate and the cathode on the middle frame increases greatly, and it takes a long time (T1 in Fig. 7A) to charge the capacitor to a fixed voltage value.
  • T1 in Fig. 7A the longer the charging time, the greater the touch pressure, and the shorter the charging time, the smaller the touch pressure.
  • the capacitance change data includes a voltage value that is reached when the capacitor in a charging state ends at a predetermined charging time, and the corresponding relationship includes a second correspondence, wherein the second correspondence is the voltage value.
  • Correspondence with pressure values. determining the corresponding pressure The force value corresponding to the voltage value may be determined according to the voltage value and the second correspondence relationship.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram of determining a pressure sensing value by mode 2 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a fixed charging time is set (ie, the charging time is fixed), according to the capacitance.
  • the size of the charging voltage determines the magnitude of the touch pressure.
  • the touch pressure is small, the smaller the saturation value of the capacitor, the more the capacitor can be charged in a fixed time, the voltage between the two plates can reach V2, and the touch pressure is higher.
  • the saturation value of the capacitor becomes large, and it can only be charged to V1 in a fixed time.
  • different touch pressures can be distinguished. The degree of discrimination is greatly increased.
  • the touch function can be realized by returning the coordinates of the (x, y) axis by the position of the pressure-bearing cathode (the sensor); It is realized by ON CELL (embedding the touch screen between the color filter substrate and the polarizer of the display screen), OGS (forming the ITO conductive film and the sensor directly on the protective glass), and will not be described here.
  • each of the multiplexed cathodes can form a capacitive pressure sensor with the metal plate inside the display device.
  • the design method can integrate the Force Touch function into the module of the display device such as AMOLED without changing the mechanism design of the display device, so there is no assembly problem, and the display device can improve the touch pressure through the integrated Force Touch function. The accuracy.

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Abstract

一种触控显示装置及其驱动方法。其中，该触控显示装置包括：金属层（2）和多组有机发光单元，每组有机发光单元包括多个有机发光单元，且所述每组有机发光单元中的有机发光单元共用一个阴极（4），所述阴极之间相互绝缘；其中，每个所述阴极（4）与金属层（2）构成一个电容式压力传感器。

Description

触控显示装置及其驱动方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2015年11月30日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201510855988.4的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及显示技术领域，尤其是涉及一种触控显示装置及其驱动方法。
背景技术
与LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示器)相比，OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，有机发光二极管)具有低能耗、生产成本低、自发光、宽视角及响应速度快等优点。目前，在手机、平板电脑、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助手，也称为掌上电脑)以及数码相机等显示领域，OLED已经开始取代传统的LCD，尤其是AMOLED(Active Matrix OLED，有源矩阵有机发光二极管)，已经成为当今平板显示器研究领域的热点之一，其中，像素驱动电路设计是AMOLED显示器的核心技术内容，具有重要的研究意义。
Force Touch(压力感应)技术是指对外部受力能够实施探测的技术，这项技术很久前就运用在工业控制和医疗等领域。在苹果公司的带动下，许多厂商正在寻求合适的方案来实现Force Touch在显示领域尤其是手机或平板电脑领域实现压力感应，这可以使客户得到更好的人机交互体验。但是，目前的设计方案需要在显示装置增加额外的检测机构，而且由于装配公差较大，这种设计方案对压力的检测准确性造成较大的限制。
发明内容
本公开的主要目的在于提供一种无需增加额外的检测机构的触控显示装置和驱动方法，实现显示装置的Force Touch功能，由于触控显示装置无需增加额外的检测机构，因此不存在较大的装配公差，能够提高触控显示装置对触控压力进行检测的准确性。
为了达到上述目的，根据本公开的一个方面，提供了一种触控显示装置， 包括：金属层、阴极层和多组有机发光单元，其中，所述阴极层包括多个阴极，每组有机发光单元包括多个有机发光单元，且所述每组有机发光单元中的有机发光单元共用一个阴极，所述多组有机发光单元对应的阴极之间相互绝缘；其中，每个所述阴极与所述金属层构成一个电容式压力传感器。
可选的，包括显示区域和围绕所述显示区域的非显示区域；每个所述阴极均包括触控电极和用于传输电信号的信号引线，所述信号引线的一端与所述触控电极连接，所述信号引线的另一端延伸至所述非显示区域。
可选的，分别朝向所述非显示区域的四条边方向延伸的所述信号引线数量相等。
可选的，所述信号引线与所有所述触控电极同层设置。
可选的，所述信号引线与所述触控电极设置在不同层。
可选的，所述金属层包括所述触控显示装置的中框上的金属板；所述金属层设置在所述阴极远离所述有机发光单元的一侧，所述金属层与所述阴极之间设置有用于封装所述有机发光单元的封装层，且所述金属层与所述阴极之间存在预定高度的空隙。
可选的，所述金属层与所述封装层间隔设置。
可选的，所述阴极的材料包括金属。
可选的，触控显示装置还包括：驱动模块，用于在压力扫描阶段，向每个所述阴极加载压力扫描信号；检测模块，用于在所述压力扫描阶段，检测每个所述阴极与所述金属层之间形成电容的电容变化数据；处理模块，用于根据所述电容变化数据和预置的电容变化数据与压力值之间的对应关系，确定对应的压力值。
可选的，所述驱动模块，还用于在显示阶段，向每个所述阴极加载公共信号。
根据本公开的另一方面，提供了一种触控显示装置的驱动方法，应用于上述触控显示装置，包括：在显示阶段，向每个所述阴极加载公共信号；在压力扫描阶段，向每个所述阴极加载压力扫描信号；在所述压力扫描阶段，检测每个所述阴极与所述金属层之间形成电容的电容变化数据；根据所述电容变化数据和预置的电容变化数据与压力值之间的对应关系，确定对应的压力值。
可选的，所述电容变化数据包括：处于充电状态的所述电容达到预定电压 值需要的充电时间；所述对应关系包括：第一对应关系，所述第一对应关系为所述充电时间与压力值之间的对应关系；确定所述对应的压力值的步骤包括：根据所述充电时间和所述第一对应关系，确定对应于所述充电时间的压力值。
可选的，所述电容变化数据包括：处于充电状态的所述电容在预定充电时间结束时达到的电压值；所述对应关系包括：第二对应关系，所述第二对应关系为所述电压值与压力值之间的对应关系；确定所述对应的压力值的步骤包括：根据所述电压值和所述第二对应关系，确定对应于所述电压值的压力值。
与相关技术相比，本公开所述的触控显示装置及其驱动方法，通过将触控显示装置内部的有机发光单元分成多组，每组有机发光单元共用一个阴极，阴极之间相互绝缘，使每个阴极与显示装置内部的金属层形成电容式压力传感器，采用这种触控显示装置可以将Force Touch装置与显示装置进行整合，降低制造成本，而且无需增加额外的检测机构，因此不存在较大的装配公差，能够提高触控显示装置的准确性。
附图说明
图1是根据相关技术的智能手机中显示装置的结构示意图；
图2是根据本公开的一些实施例的触控显示装置的结构示意图；
图3是根据本公开的一些实施例的阴极的形状示意图；
图4是根据本公开的一些实施例的像素电路示意图；
图5是根据本公开的一些实施例的驱动信号时序示意图；
图6是根据本公开的一些实施例的触控显示装置的驱动方法流程图；
图7A是根据本公开的一些实施例的以方式一确定压力感应值的示意图；
图7B是根据本公开的一些实施例的以方式二确定压力感应值的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
目前，大多数智能手机、PAD或数码相机等使用OLED显示屏用于进行界面 显示，尤其是很多智能手机使用AMOLED显示屏(这些设备都具有画面显示功能，以下称这些设备为显示装置)。以使用AMOLED显示屏的智能手机为例，对显示装置的结构进行简要介绍：
请参考图1，图1是根据相关技术的智能手机中显示装置的结构示意图，从图1中可以看出，显示装置中有机发光单元的阴极是一个完整的平面结构，其和有机发光单元的阳极对应设置，这种结构无法感应到用户在触摸屏上(即图1中背板玻璃的下表面)施加的触控压力。
可以看出，相关技术中的显示装置中有机发光单元的阴极是一个完整的平面结构，其并未得到有效利用而导致相关技术只能在显示装置的中框位置增加设置一个Force Touch检测装置，才可以实现对触控压力进行检测的目的。
基于上述缺陷，本公开的一些实施例提供了一种触控显示装置。该装置包括：金属层和多组有机发光单元，每组有机发光单元包括多个有机发光单元，且所述每组有机发光单元中的有机发光单元共用一个阴极，所述阴极之间相互绝缘；其中，每个所述阴极与金属层构成一个电容式压力传感器。
在实际应用中，所述有机发光单元可以是有机发光二极管，对应于图1所示的显示装置，相当于将图1中的有机发光二极管分为多组，每组有机发光二极管中的有机发光二极管共用一个阴极，所述阴极之间相互绝缘。
由于相关技术中的阴极(也可称为阴极层)是一个整个的平面结构，并未得到有效利用，因此本公开实施例采用在形成阴极层的时候形成多个相互绝缘的阴极(也可以称为小阴极)，每个阴极与触控显示装置中预置的金属层形成一个电容结构，当电容结构的两板间距离由于受到触控操作的压力而变小时，电容值变大，如果压力较小，则电容值变大的幅度也较小，如果压力较大，则电容值变大的幅度也较大，基于这种检测原理可以实现对触控压力的大小进行检测，采用这种触控显示装置可以将Force Touch装置与显示装置进行整合，而无需改动相关技术中的的显示装置的结构设计，降低制造成本，而且无需增加额外的检测机构，因此不存在较大的装配公差，能够提高触控显示装置的准确性。
作为一个优选实施例方式，所述金属层可以是所述触控显示装置的中框上的金属板，所述金属层设置在所述阴极背向所述有机发光单元的方向，且所述金属层与所述阴极之间设置有用于封装所述有机发光单元的封装层和预定高 度的空隙，为便于理解，请参考图2(图2是根据本公开的一些实施例的触控显示装置的结构示意图)，如图2所示，该触控显示装置使用有机发光二极管作为所述有机发光单元，有机发光二极管的阴极上设置有封装盖板1，封装盖板1与金属板2之间预留有一定高度的空隙3，四个阴极4与金属板2(即所述金属层)形成四个电容结构C1、C2、C3、C4，四个电容结构可以等同于四压力感应器(四个Sensor)，当然，图2只是示例性描述了电容结构，而对电容结构的个数(对应所述阴极的个数)并不作出限定，实际应用中，设计多少个阴极需要根据实际的触控灵敏度的需求而定。
也就是说，通过阴极复用的方式，将相关技术中的阴极层分割成很多块小阴极(即所述阴极)，每一块小阴极作为压力感应传感器(Sensor)，该压力感应Sensor与手机等显示装置的中框的金属板形成电容，当手指按压到屏幕表面(图2中的背板侧的表面)时，通过压力感应Sensor与手机中框5的金属板形成的电容数据变化来感知手指的按压力度，进而实现压力感应检测，这种方式将压力传感技术应用到显示装置内部，从而提高了产品附加值。
另外，由于多个阴极构成的多个压力感应Sensor布满整个显示区域，因此不存在Force Touch的检测盲点，并且利用电容值的变化来实现Force Touch功能，可以检测对电容的充电时间来区分手指的压力，或者通过检测一定时间T内对电容充的电量不同来确认手指的力度，可以获得连续平滑的压力感觉用户体验。
在本公开的一些实施例中，触控显示装置包括显示区域和围绕所述显示区域的非显示区域。由于上述电容结构工作状态中，需要对电容结构的至少一个极板进行充电，因此，需要为至少一个极板设置用于接受电信号输入的充电连接端，基于此，提供一个优选示例，每个所述阴极均包括触控电极和用于传输电信号的信号引线，所述信号引线的一端与所述触控电极连接，所述信号引线的另一端延伸至所述非显示区域。
当然，这是以引线的方式对触控电极进行供电，而且所述信号引线与所述触控电极可以同层形成，而实际应用中还可以采用其它的方式，例如，可以设置过孔在不同层对所述触控电极进行连接并充电。
为便于理解，请参考图3(图3是根据本公开的一些实施例的阴极的形状示意图)，采用这种基于信号引线为电容供电方式，可以只使用一张掩膜(MASK) 即可完成整个图案(Pattern)设计。
进一步地，基于信号引线为电容供电的方式，提供一个优选示例，即分别朝向所述非显示区域的四条边方向延伸的所述信号引线数量相等，这样的设计方式是有优势的，例如，所有信号引线可以均匀分布，可以避免部分引线过于集中导致增加工艺难度，更加明显的效果是：由于阴极的个数(也即触控极板的个数)很多，信号引线虽然宽度不大但也是具有一定宽度的，对于靠近边缘的触控电极来说，所有内部位置的触控电极阴极的信号引线都需要经过，很多条信号引线必然会占用一定面积的区域，导致靠近边缘的触控电极的面积过小，最终导致形成的多个电容极板面积不相等，电容充电控制方面的难度会增加。
实际应用中，所述阴极的材料包括ITO电极或金属，本公开的一些实施例中，所述阴极的材料包括金属，而基于底发光原理的AMOLED显示屏中的阴极(层)是金属，因此本公开的一些实施例可以较优地适用于包含AMOLED显示屏的显示装置，当然并不排除其他类型的显示屏。
以上描述了触控显示装置中用于检测触控压力的压力感应电容结构，以下结合图4和图5对上述触控显示装置的其功能进行说明。所述触控显示装置同时包括了显示功能和Force Touch功能，相应地对于工作信号来说，则包括了两个工作阶段，即显示阶段和压力扫描阶段。
对于显示阶段，如图4所示(图4是根据本公开的一些实施例的像素电路示意图)，T1～T3为开关TFT(Switching TFT)，DT为数据信号，GT，EM均为扫描信号，控制TFT开关导通或断开。由于显示阶段与传统设计并不太大差别，在此不再做过多介绍。
对于压力扫描阶段，图5是根据本公开的一些实施例的驱动信号时序示意图，如图5所示，P1-P4阶段为显示阶段，显示阶段结束后进入压力感应阶段，此阶段对所述阴极(Sensor)输入方波信号，通过检测Sensor与中框电容的电容变化数据检测触控压力的大小，另外从图5中可以看到，EM信号处于低电平，此时图4中的T3为关闭状态，AMOLED不发光，这样可以消除该阶段压力检测过程中对显示造成的影响。
基于两个不同的工作阶段，上述触控显示装置包括的功能模块具体可以包括：驱动模块，用于在压力扫描阶段，向每个所述阴极加载压力扫描信号(图4中的VSS和图5中VSS在压力扫描阶段的信号时序)；检测模块，用于在所述 压力扫描阶段，检测每个所述阴极与所述金属层之间形成电容的电容变化数据；处理模块，用于根据所述电容变化数据和预置的电容变化数据与压力值之间的对应关系，确定对应的压力值。而且，所述驱动模块还可以用于在显示阶段，向每个所述阴极加载公共信号(和图5中的VSS在显示阶段的信号时序)。
本公开的一些实施例提供了一种触控显示装置的驱动方法，该方法可以应用于上述触控显示装置。图6是根据本公开的一些实施例的触控显示装置的驱动方法流程图，如图6所示，该流程包括以下步骤(步骤S602-步骤S608)：
步骤S602、在显示阶段，向每个所述阴极加载公共信号；
步骤S604、在压力扫描阶段，向每个所述阴极加载压力扫描信号；
步骤S606、在所述压力扫描阶段，检测每个所述阴极与所述金属层之间形成电容的电容变化数据；
步骤S608、根据所述电容变化数据和预置的电容变化数据与压力值之间的对应关系，确定对应的压力值。
对于步骤S608的实现方式，本公开的一些实施例中，可以根据所述电容变化数据的内容不同采用以下两种不同的方式：
方式一，所述电容变化数据包括处于充电状态的所述电容达到预定电压值需要的充电时间，所述对应关系包括第一对应关系，其中，所述第一对应关系为所述充电时间与压力值之间的对应关系。这种情况下，确定所述对应的压力值的时，可以根据所述充电时间和所述第一对应关系，确定对应于所述充电时间的压力值。
具体来讲，图7A是根据本公开的一些实施例的以方式一确定压力感应值的示意图，参照图7A，该方式一中，设定固定标准电压值(即电压固定)，根据充电时间的长短来判定触控压力的大小，如手指压力小时，中框上的金属板与阴极之间的电容值增大的幅度较小，需要较短的时间(图7A中的T2)就可以充电完成，当手指压力增大时，中框上的金属板与阴极之间的电容值增大的幅度较大，需要较长的时间(图7A中的T1)才可以给电容充到固定的电压值。简单来说，充电时间越长触控压力越大，充电时间越短触控压力越小。
方式二，所述电容变化数据包括处于充电状态的所述电容在预定充电时间结束时达到的电压值，所述对应关系包括第二对应关系，其中，所述第二对应关系为所述电压值与压力值之间的对应关系。这种情况下，确定所述对应的压 力值时，可以根据所述电压值和所述第二对应关系，确定对应于所述电压值的压力值。
具体来讲，图7B是根据本公开的一些实施例的以方式二确定压力感应值的示意图，参照图7A，该方式二中，设定固定的充电时间(即充电时间固定)，根据对电容充电电压的大小来判定触控压力的大小，触控压力较小时，电容饱和值越小，可以在固定的时间内对电容进行充电就能够使两极板之间的电压达到V2，触控压力较大时，电容的饱和值变大，在固定的时间内只可以充电到V1，简单来说，根据单位时间内充电能够达到电容的电压值的不同，就可以区分出不同的触控压力，对力度的区分度大大的增加。
另外，由于这两种方式在得到z轴方向的压力感应的同时，可以通过受到压力的阴极(Sensor)所在的位置返回(x，y)轴的坐标，从而实现触摸功能；当然触摸功能还可以通过ON CELL(将触摸屏嵌入到显示屏的彩色滤光片基板和偏光片之间)，OGS(在保护玻璃上直接形成ITO导电膜及传感器)等方式实现，这里不再赘述。
本公开实施例，通过对配置有AMOLED等显示显示装置内部的阴极进行分割复用，能够使复用后的每一个小块阴极能够与显示装置内部的金属板形成电容式压力传感器，采用这种设计方式可以将Force Touch功能整合到AMOLED等显示装置的模组内部，而无需改动显示装置的机构设计，因此不存在装配问题，能够提高显示装置通过其集成的Force Touch功能对触控压力进行检测的准确性。
以上所述是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种触控显示装置，包括：
    金属层、阴极层和多组有机发光单元，其中，所述阴极层包括多个阴极，每组有机发光单元包括多个有机发光单元，且所述每组有机发光单元中的有机发光单元共用一个阴极，所述多组有机发光单元对应的阴极之间相互绝缘；其中，每个所述阴极与所述金属层构成一个电容式压力传感器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的触控显示装置，包括显示区域和围绕所述显示区域的非显示区域；
    每个所述阴极均包括触控电极和用于传输电信号的信号引线，所述信号引线的一端与所述触控电极连接，所述信号引线的另一端延伸至所述非显示区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的触控显示装置，其中，分别朝向所述非显示区域的四条边方向延伸的所述信号引线数量相等。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的触控显示装置，其中，所述信号引线与所述触控电极同层设置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的触控显示装置，其中，所述信号引线与所述触控电极设置在不同层。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的触控显示装置，其中，所述金属层包括所述触控显示装置的中框上的金属板；
    所述金属层设置在所述阴极远离所述有机发光单元的一侧，所述金属层与所述阴极之间设置有用于封装所述有机发光单元的封装层，且所述金属层与所述阴极之间存在预定高度的空隙。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的触控显示装置，其中，所述金属层与所述封装层间隔设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的触控显示装置，其中，所述阴极的材料包括金属。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的触控显示装置，还包括：
    驱动模块，用于在压力扫描阶段，向每个所述阴极加载压力扫描信号；
    检测模块，用于在所述压力扫描阶段，检测每个所述阴极与所述金属层之间形成电容的电容变化数据；
    处理模块，用于根据所述电容变化数据和预置的电容变化数据与压力值之间的对应关系，确定对应的压力值。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的触控显示装置，其中，所述驱动模块，还用于在显示阶段，向每个所述阴极加载公共信号。
  11. 一种触控显示装置的驱动方法，应用于权利要求1至10中任一项所述的触控显示装置，包括：
    在显示阶段，向每个所述阴极加载公共信号；
    在压力扫描阶段，向每个所述阴极加载压力扫描信号；
    在所述压力扫描阶段，检测每个所述阴极与所述金属层之间形成电容的电容变化数据；
    根据所述电容变化数据和预置的电容变化数据与压力值之间的对应关系，确定对应的压力值。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中：
    所述电容变化数据包括：处于充电状态的所述电容达到预定电压值需要的充电时间；所述对应关系包括：第一对应关系，所述第一对应关系为所述充电时间与压力值之间的对应关系；
    确定所述对应的压力值的步骤包括：
    根据所述充电时间和所述第一对应关系，确定对应于所述充电时间的压力值。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中：
    所述电容变化数据包括：处于充电状态的所述电容在预定充电时间结束时达到的电压值；所述对应关系包括：第二对应关系，所述第二对应关系为所述电压值与压力值之间的对应关系；
    确定所述对应的压力值的步骤包括：
    根据所述电压值和所述第二对应关系，确定对应于所述电压值的压力值。
PCT/CN2016/095641 2015-11-30 2016-08-17 触控显示装置及其驱动方法 WO2017092404A1 (zh)

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