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WO2017050060A1 - 一种实现先听后说的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种实现先听后说的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017050060A1
WO2017050060A1 PCT/CN2016/094962 CN2016094962W WO2017050060A1 WO 2017050060 A1 WO2017050060 A1 WO 2017050060A1 CN 2016094962 W CN2016094962 W CN 2016094962W WO 2017050060 A1 WO2017050060 A1 WO 2017050060A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
idle
cca
unlicensed carrier
module
equal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/094962
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苟伟
毕峰
赵亚军
杨玲
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CN202011298719.XA priority Critical patent/CN112584359A/zh
Application filed by 中兴通讯股份有限公司 filed Critical 中兴通讯股份有限公司
Publication of WO2017050060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017050060A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0219—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave where the power saving management affects multiple terminals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of unlicensed carriers, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for implementing Listening Before Talk (LBT).
  • LBT Listening Before Talk
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • some companies have proposed "recommended to study the issue of LTE deployment in unlicensed carriers.” For example, Qualcomm in the United States believes that with the rapid growth of data services, authorized carriers will not be able to withstand fast in the near future. The huge amount of data brought about by business growth. Considering that LTE is deployed in an unlicensed carrier to share the data traffic in the authorized carrier, the data volume pressure brought by the service growth can be solved.
  • the unlicensed carrier has the following characteristics: on the one hand, since the unlicensed carrier does not need to be purchased, or the carrier resource is zero cost, the unlicensed carrier is free or low-cost; on the other hand, since the individual and the enterprise can participate in the deployment, the device The quotient equipment is also available, so the admission requirements of the unlicensed carrier are low; in addition, the unlicensed carrier is shared, and some sharing can be considered when multiple different systems are operating at the same time or when different operators of the same system operate. The way resources are used to improve carrier efficiency.
  • LTE deployment has obvious advantages in unlicensed carriers, there are still problems in the process of deployment; mainly including: multiple radio access technologies (cross-different communication standards, difficult cooperation, network topology) Multiple) and wireless access sites (large number of users, difficult collaboration, centralized management overhead). Due to the large number of wireless access technologies, there will be various wireless systems in the unlicensed carrier, which are difficult to coordinate with each other and have serious interference. Therefore, for LTE deployment in unlicensed carriers, there is still a need to support the regulation of unlicensed carriers. Most countries require the system to support the LBT mechanism when deployed in unlicensed carriers. The LBT mechanism can avoid interference caused by the simultaneous use of unlicensed carriers between adjacent systems. And further enter the competitive fallback mechanism, that is, the neighboring system sites (generally the neighboring transit nodes of the same system) can avoid the interference caused by the adjacent transmitting nodes of the same system simultaneously using the unlicensed carriers through the competitive backoff mechanism.
  • LAA systems LTE unlicensed carriers
  • the flow chart of the currently disclosed method for realizing the LBT is as shown in FIG. 1 , and the method generally includes:
  • Step 100 The station determines whether there is data to be sent. If yes, step 101 is performed, and if not, step 100 is continued.
  • Step 101 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 102 is performed, and if not, step 104 is performed.
  • CCA Clear Channel Assessment
  • the time of the designated CCA slot of the initial CCA stage may be 9 microseconds ( ⁇ s).
  • Step 102 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle within the delay period. If yes, step 103 is performed, and if not, returns to step 101.
  • the delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 103 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 104 is performed, and if not, return to step 100.
  • Steps 100 to 103 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 104 The station generates a random backoff value N.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 105 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the delay period. If yes, step 106 is performed. If not, step 105 is continued.
  • Step 106 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, returns to step 103. If not, step 107 is performed.
  • Step 108 Do not perform sensing in the extended CCA (eCCA) time slot, and perform step 105, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA time slot, and if yes, returns to the step 106, if not, return to step 105.
  • eCCA extended CCA
  • Steps 104 to 108 are extended CCA stages.
  • step 107 when neither step 107 nor step 108 returns to step 105 without performing any action, a self-delay mechanism is implemented.
  • the station In the related method for implementing the LBT, if the station detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the CCA slot in the initial CCA phase, it directly enters the extended CCA phase, if the generated N value is 0, and the detected unlicensed carrier is delayed.
  • the station When the value of n is idle, when the value of n is 1, the station only detects 25 ⁇ s idle for data transmission, and the WiFi system needs to detect 34 ⁇ s idle for data transmission. Therefore, the fairness of competition with the WiFi system is low.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for implementing listening and speaking, which can improve the fairness of competition with the WiFi system.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial idle channel assessment (CCA) phase; if not, generates a random backoff value;
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the first delay period, and if so, proceeds to the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0; wherein the duration of the first delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n) +k)] ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and when n is equal to 1, k is equal to 1.
  • the method when it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in a specified CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase, the method further includes:
  • the party The law when detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period, the party The law also includes:
  • the station transmits a data packet and proceeds to perform the step of determining whether to continue the transmission.
  • n is greater than 1
  • the k is equal to 0 or 1.
  • the detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle during the first delay period includes:
  • the station first performs (n+k) times of detecting the CCA time slot on the unlicensed carrier, if idle is detected (n+k) times, and the unlicensed carrier is detected to be idle within 16 ⁇ s. ;
  • the station first detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then performs (n+k) times of detecting the CCA time slot on the unlicensed carrier, if (n+k) times are detected. idle.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing the first listening, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase; if not, generates a random backoff value;
  • the station then detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA slot of the extended CCA phase, and if so, whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period or the third delay period, and if so, continues to perform the determination.
  • the method further includes:
  • the station determines whether the random backoff value is equal to 0, and when it is determined that the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the method further includes:
  • the station performs the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period.
  • the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the duration of the third delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n-1) ] ⁇ s;
  • the station detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period or the third delay period includes:
  • the station first performs detection of n or (n-1) times of CCA slots for the unlicensed carrier, if idle is detected if n or (n-1) times, and the unlicensed carrier is detected again Idle in 16 ⁇ s;
  • the station first detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then performs n or (n-1) times of detecting the CCA slot on the unlicensed carrier, if n or (n-1) Idle is detected every time.
  • the method further includes:
  • the station proceeds with the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle within a designated CCA slot of the extended CCA phase.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing the first listening, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, generates a random backoff value; wherein the generated random backoff value is greater than or equal to 1, and less than or equal to q, q is a competition.
  • the station then detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period, and if so, proceeds to the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0; wherein the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the random backoff value is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to (q-1).
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing the first listening, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase, and if not, generates a random backoff value
  • the site adds a random backoff value to 1;
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if so, proceeds to the step of determining whether the random backoff value after adding 1 is equal to 0; wherein the duration of the second delay period is (16+) 9n) ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the method when it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in a specified CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase, the method further includes:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period, and if not, proceeds to perform the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA slot of the initial CCA phase.
  • the method when it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, the method further includes:
  • the station transmits a data packet and determines whether to continue the transmission, and if not, proceeds to the step of determining whether data needs to be transmitted.
  • the method further includes:
  • the station generates the random backoff value, detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and continues to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing the first listening, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase, and if yes, detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if not, generates a random backoff value; wherein, the second The duration of the delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if so, proceeds to the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a first detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, if not, send a first notification message to the first generating module; and detect that the unlicensed carrier is in the first delay period Whether it is idle, if yes, sending a second notification message to the first determining module, wherein the duration of the first delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n+k)] ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and when n is equal to 1, k is equal to 1;
  • a first generating module configured to receive the first notification message, and generate a random backoff value
  • the first determining module is configured to receive the second notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the first detecting module is further configured to:
  • the first detecting module is further configured to: when detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, send a third notification message to the first sending module;
  • the device further includes: a first sending module, configured to receive the third notification message, and transmit a data packet;
  • the first determining module is further configured to: continue to perform the step of determining whether to continue the transmission.
  • the first detecting module is configured to:
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a second detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send a fourth notification message to the second generating module; and detecting that the unlicensed carrier is in the extended CCA stage Determining whether the CCA time slot is idle, if yes, detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period or the third delay period, and if yes, sending a fifth notification message to the second determining module;
  • a second generating module configured to receive the fourth notification message, and generate a random backoff value
  • the second determining module is configured to receive the fifth notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0.
  • the second determining module is further configured to: determine whether the random backoff value is equal to 0, and if yes, send a sixth notification message to the second detecting module;
  • the second detection module is configured to:
  • the breaking module sends a fifth notification message.
  • the second determining module is further configured to: determine that the random backoff value is not equal to 0, and send a seventh notification message to the second detecting module;
  • the second detecting module is further configured to: receive the seventh notification message, and perform the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period.
  • the second detection module is configured to:
  • the authorized carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s; or, the unlicensed carrier is first detected to be idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then the unlicensed carrier is sequentially subjected to detection of n or (n-1) times of CCA slots, if n or ( If the idle is detected, the fifth notification message is sent to the second determining module.
  • the second detecting module is further configured to: detect that the unlicensed carrier is busy in a designated CCA time slot of the extended CCA stage, and continue to perform detection of the unlicensed carrier in the extended CCA stage. Specifies the step of whether the CCA slot is idle.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a third detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send an eighth notification message to the third generating module; and detecting the unlicensed carrier in the second delay period Whether it is idle, if yes, sending a ninth notification message to the third determining module; wherein, the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the third generating module is configured to receive the eighth notification message, and generate a random backoff value; wherein the generated random backoff value is greater than or equal to 1, and less than or equal to q, q is a size of the contention window;
  • the third determining module is configured to receive the ninth notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a fourth detection module configured to detect an unlicensed carrier at a specified CCA of the initial CCA stage Whether the gap is idle, if not, sending a tenth notification message to the fourth generating module; detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if yes, sending the eleventh notification message to the fourth determining module;
  • the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the fourth generating module is configured to receive the tenth notification message, and generate a random backoff value
  • a first calculation module configured to add a random backoff value by one
  • the fourth judging module is configured to receive the eleventh notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value after adding 1 is equal to 0.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a fifth detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA slot in the initial CCA phase, and if yes, detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, if not, then The fifth generation module sends a twelfth notification message; wherein, the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period, If yes, sending a thirteenth notification message to the fifth determining module;
  • a fifth generation module configured to receive the twelfth notification message, generating a random backoff value
  • the fifth determining module is configured to receive the thirteenth notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing the first listening, including:
  • the method further includes:
  • the competition window is reduced or the competition window is adjusted to a minimum value, and the competition window after the small adjustment is used to implement the process of listening first.
  • the detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in each preset period in the observation window calculates the metrics including:
  • the ratio between the number of preset periods that are busy and the number of CCA slots in the observation window, or the number of preset periods in which the detection result is busy and is a CCA slot and the observation window The ratio between the number of CCA slots, or the ratio between the cumulative duration of the busy and the duration of the observation window, or the ratio between the cumulative duration of the idle and the duration of the observation window.
  • the method further includes:
  • the priority level will be raised first, where k1, k2 are integers greater than or equal to 1.
  • the method further includes:
  • the transmission discovery signal DRS is adjusted to the highest priority level after the first listening.
  • the method further includes:
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a second calculating module configured to calculate a metric according to a detection result of detecting whether an unlicensed carrier is idle in each preset period in the observation window
  • the sixth determining module is configured to determine that the calculated metric is greater than a preset threshold, and send a fifteenth notification message to the adjusting module;
  • the adjustment module is set to receive the fifteenth notification message, and the competition window is adjusted to be large, and the competition window after the adjustment is implemented to realize the process of listening first.
  • the sixth determining module is further configured to: determine that the calculated metric quantity is less than or equal to the preset threshold, and send a sixteenth notification message to the adjusting module;
  • the adjusting module is further configured to: receive the sixteenth notification message, reduce the contention window or adjust the contention window to a minimum value, and use a competition window that is adjusted to achieve the first listening and then speaking. process.
  • the second computing module is configured to:
  • the ratio between the number of preset periods that are busy and the number of CCA slots in the observation window, or the number of preset periods in which the detection result is busy and is a CCA slot and the observation window The ratio between the number of CCA slots, or the ratio between the cumulative duration of the busy and the duration of the observation window, or the ratio between the cumulative duration of the idle and the duration of the observation window.
  • the device further includes: a determining module, configured to determine, according to a quality of service level of the service, a priority level that is said to be heard first, and a parameter corresponding to the determined priority level to implement a process of listening first;
  • the sixth judging module is further configured to: determine that the minimum contention window in the parameter corresponding to the determined priority level does not obtain the unlicensed carrier for consecutive k1 times, or determine that the parameter corresponding to the determined priority level is consecutive Acquiring an unlicensed carrier in the initial CCA phase, sending a seventeenth notification message to the adjustment module; wherein k1, k2 are integers greater than or equal to 1;
  • the adjustment module is further configured to: receive the 17th notification message, and increase the priority level after the first listening.
  • the sixth determining module is further configured to: determine a transmission discovery signal DRS, and send an eighteenth notification message to the adjustment module;
  • the adjustment module is further configured to: receive the 18th notification message, and adjust the priority level after the first listening to the highest priority level.
  • the sixth determining module is further configured to: determine that different physical channels are simultaneously transmitted, and send a nineteenth notification message to the adjusting module;
  • the adjusting module is further configured to: receive the nineteenth notification message, and adjust the priority level that is first heard and then to the priority level corresponding to the physical channel with the highest quality of service level.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing the first listening, including:
  • the self-delay mechanism is allowed to be executed after the time when the data arrives or the determined time for sending the data is obtained.
  • the number of times the self-delay mechanism is performed is less than or equal to the preset threshold.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • the seventh judging module is configured to determine that there is data to be sent in the buffer area, or to perform unlicensed carrier competition when multi-carrier aggregation or frequency reuse or uplink multi-user multiplexing, or determine that the generated random backoff value is greater than or After being equal to the preset threshold, or determining that the data arrives, or obtaining the determined time for sending the data, sending a twentieth notification message to the execution module;
  • the execution module is configured to receive the twentieth notification message, allowing the self-delay mechanism to be performed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, implementing the foregoing method of implementing the first aspect of the first aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, implements the foregoing method of implementing the second aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, implements the foregoing method of implementing the third aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the implementation of the fourth aspect is implemented. law.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, implements the foregoing method of implementing the fifth aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, implementing the foregoing method of implementing the first aspect of the eleventh aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, implements the above-mentioned implementation of the thirteenth aspect.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention includes: the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage; if not, generates a random backoff value; the station detects the unlicensed carrier in the Whether the first delay period is idle, if yes, proceeding to the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0; wherein the duration of the first delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n+k)] ⁇ s,n For an integer greater than or equal to 1, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and when n is equal to 1, k is equal to 1.
  • the station performs the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0 after detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the first delay period, because the first delay period is 34 ⁇ s when n is equal to 1. Therefore, the fairness of competition with the WiFi system is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a related implementation of the method of listening first
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening and then speaking according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a second method for implementing listening and speaking according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a third method for implementing listening and speaking after receiving an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a fourth method for implementing listening after listening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a fifth method for implementing listening after listening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening after the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening after the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening after the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening after the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening after the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for implementing a first listening after the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for implementing a first listening device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a second implementation of the device after listening to the first embodiment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a third implementation of the device after listening to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth apparatus for implementing a first listening and then speaking according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth implementation of an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a sixth implementation method for implementing listening after listening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth implementation apparatus for implementing listening after listening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a seventh method for implementing listening after listening according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh apparatus for implementing listening and speaking according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing an LBT, including the following steps:
  • Step 200 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase; if not, generates a random backoff value.
  • the station may be a device that uses an unlicensed carrier to transmit data, such as a base station, and a mobile device. Terminal, etc.
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if not, continues to perform detection of the unlicensed carrier at the initial.
  • the station when it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, the station transmits a data packet, and continues to perform the step of determining whether to continue the transmission.
  • Step 201 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the first delay period, and if yes, continues to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0.
  • the duration of the first delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n+k)] ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and when n is equal to 1, k is equal to 1.
  • n when n is greater than 1, k is equal to 0 or 1.
  • the station detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle during the first delay period, including:
  • the station first performs (n+k) times of detecting the CCA time slot for the unlicensed carrier, if idle detection is detected for (n+k) times, and then detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s;
  • the station first detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then performs (n+k) times of detection of the CCA time slot on the unlicensed carrier, if idle is detected (n+k) times.
  • the station divides the duration of [16+9 ⁇ (n+k)] ⁇ s into (n+k) CCA slots and 16 ⁇ s respectively, when detecting an unlicensed carrier in any one CCA slot or When busy within 16 ⁇ s, the unlicensed carrier is considered to be busy during the first delay period; when it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in all CCA slots and within 16 ⁇ s, the unlicensed carrier is considered to be idle in the first delay period.
  • the station when the station detects that the unlicensed carrier is busy in the first delay period, the station continues to perform the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle within the first delay period.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase; if not, generates a random backoff value; then the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the extended CCA phase, and if so, Then, it is detected whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period or the third delay period, and if yes, the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0 is continued.
  • the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the duration of the third delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n-1)] ⁇ s.
  • the method further includes: before the station detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA slot in the extended CCA phase, the method further includes:
  • the station determines whether the random backoff value is equal to 0, and when it is determined that the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the station when the station detects that the unlicensed carrier is busy in the designated CCA slot of the extended CCA phase, the station continues to perform the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA slot of the extended CCA phase.
  • the station when the station determines that the random backoff value is not equal to 0, the station performs a step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period.
  • the station detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period or the third delay period, including:
  • the station first performs detection of N or (n-1) times of CCA slots for the unlicensed carrier, and if idle is detected for n or (n-1) times, and then detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s;
  • the station first detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then performs n or (n-1) times of detection of the CCA slot for the unlicensed carrier, if idle is detected for n or (n-1) times.
  • the station divides the duration of (16+9n) ⁇ s or [16+9 ⁇ (n-1)] ⁇ s into n or (n-1) CCA slots and 16 ⁇ s respectively, when detecting non-
  • the authorized carrier is busy in any one CCA time slot or 16 ⁇ s
  • the unlicensed carrier is considered to be busy in the second delay period or the third delay period; when it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in all CCA slots and 16 ⁇ s, The unlicensed carrier is considered to be idle during the second delay period or the third delay period.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, generates a random backoff value; wherein the generated random backoff value is greater than or equal to 1, and less than or equal to q, q is a competition.
  • the size of the window then the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period, and if so, proceeds to the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the random backoff value is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to (q-1).
  • the station needs to detect at least that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period and the extended CCA slot, and then the data packet is transmitted, thereby improving the The fairness of competing with WiFi.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, generates a random backoff value; the station adds a random backoff value to 1; then the station detects the unlicensed carrier in the second delay period. Whether it is idle, if yes, the step of judging whether the random backoff value after adding 1 is equal to 0 is continued; wherein the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the station when detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase, the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if not, proceeds to perform detection of the unlicensed carrier in the initial CCA phase.
  • the station When it is detected that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, the station transmits a data packet and determines whether to continue the transmission. If not, the step of determining whether data needs to be transmitted is continued.
  • the station When the station determines to continue to transmit the data packet, the station generates a random backoff value, detects that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and continues to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the generated random backoff value must not be equal to 0 after being added to 1. Therefore, the station needs to detect at least that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period and the extended CCA slot.
  • the transmission of data packets improves the fairness of competition with WiFi.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA phase, and if yes, detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if not, generates a random backoff value; wherein, the second The duration of the delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if so, proceeds to determine whether the random backoff value is equal to 0 steps.
  • the station can enter the extended CCA stage after performing the detection of a second delay period, thereby saving the process, and the station obtains a larger gain when the unlicensed load is heavy.
  • the first embodiment referring to FIG. 7, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 300 The station determines whether there is data to be sent, if yes, step 301 is performed, and if not, step 300 is continued.
  • Step 301 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 302 is performed, and if not, step 304 is performed.
  • the duration of the designated CCA slot of the initial CCA phase may be 9 ⁇ s.
  • Step 302 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 303 is performed, and if not, step 301 is returned.
  • the second delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 303 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 304 is performed, and if not, step 300 is returned.
  • Steps 300 to 303 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 304 The station generates a random backoff value N.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 305 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the first delay period, and if yes, Then step 306 is performed, and if not, step 305 is continued.
  • the duration of the first delay period may be [16+9 ⁇ (n+k)] ⁇ s, n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and when n is equal to 1 , k is equal to 1.
  • n when n is greater than 1, k is equal to 0 or 1.
  • Step 306 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, returns to step 303. If not, step 307 is performed.
  • Step 308 No awareness is performed in the extended CCA slot, and step 305 is performed, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA slot. If yes, the process returns to step 306. If not, the process returns to step 305.
  • Steps 304 through 308 are stages of extending the CCA.
  • the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 400 The station determines whether there is data to be sent. If yes, step 401 is performed, and if not, step 400 is continued.
  • Step 401 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 402 is performed, and if not, step 404 is performed.
  • the time of the designated CCA slot of the CCA stage may be 9 microseconds ( ⁇ s).
  • Step 402 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 403 is performed, and if not, step 401 is returned.
  • the second delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 403 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 404 is performed, and if not, return to step 400.
  • Steps 400 to 403 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 404 The station generates a random backoff value N.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [1, q], and enters the extended CCA phase from the non-initial CCA phase. (ie, from step 403 to step 404), the resulting random back The return value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 405 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 406 is performed. If not, step 405 is continued.
  • Step 406 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, returns to step 403. If not, step 407 is performed.
  • Step 408 Do not perform sensing in the extended CCA slot, and perform step 405, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA slot. If yes, return to step 406. If not, return to step 405.
  • Steps 404 to 408 are extended CCA stages.
  • the third embodiment referring to FIG. 9, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 500 The station determines whether there is data to be sent. If yes, step 501 is performed, and if not, step 500 is continued.
  • Step 501 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 502 is performed, and if not, step 504 is performed.
  • the time of the designated CCA slot of the CCA stage may be 9 microseconds ( ⁇ s).
  • Step 502 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 503 is performed, and if not, return to step 501.
  • the second delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 503 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 504 is performed, and if not, return to step 500.
  • Steps 500 to 503 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 504 The station generates a random backoff value N and adds N to 1.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 505 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 506 is performed. If not, step 505 is continued.
  • Step 506 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, returns to step 503. If not, step 507 is performed.
  • Step 508 No awareness is performed in the extended CCA slot, and step 505 is performed, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA slot. If yes, the process returns to step 506. If not, the process returns to step 505.
  • Steps 504 to 508 are extended CCA stages.
  • the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 600 The station determines whether there is data to be sent. If yes, step 601 is performed, and if not, step 600 is continued.
  • Step 601 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 602 is performed, and if not, step 604 is performed.
  • the time of the designated CCA slot of the CCA stage may be 9 microseconds ( ⁇ s).
  • Step 602 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 603 is performed, and if not, step 604 is performed.
  • the second delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 603 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 604 is performed, and if not, return to step 600.
  • Step 600 to step 603 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 604 The station generates a random backoff value N.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 605 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if yes, Then step 606 is performed, and if not, step 605 is continued.
  • Step 606 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, the process returns to step 603. If not, step 607 is performed.
  • Step 608 No awareness is performed in the extended CCA slot, and step 605 is performed, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA slot. If yes, the process returns to step 606. If not, the process returns to step 605.
  • Steps 604 to 608 are stages of extending the CCA.
  • the fifth embodiment referring to FIG. 11, the method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 700 The station determines whether there is data to be sent, if yes, step 701 is performed, and if not, step 700 is continued.
  • Step 701 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 702 is performed, and if not, step 704 is performed.
  • the time of the designated CCA slot of the CCA stage may be 9 microseconds ( ⁇ s).
  • Step 702 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 703 is performed, and if not, step 701 is returned.
  • the second delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 703 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 711 or step 704 is performed, and if not, return to step 700.
  • Steps 700 to 703 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 704 The station generates a random backoff value N.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 705 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, step 706 is performed, and if not, step 707 is performed.
  • Step 706 The station detects that the unlicensed carrier is in the designated CCA slot of the extended CCA phase. No, if yes, go to step 707, if not, continue to step 706.
  • Step 707 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 708 is performed. If not, step 707 is continued.
  • Step 708 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, returns to step 703. If not, step 709 is performed.
  • Step 710 No awareness is performed in the extended CCA slot, and step 707 is performed, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA slot. If yes, the process returns to step 708. If not, the process returns to step 707.
  • Steps 704 to 710 are extended CCA stages.
  • Step 711 The station generates a random backoff value N, and proceeds to step 707.
  • the method of this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • Step 800 The station determines whether there is data to be sent. If yes, step 801 is performed, and if not, step 800 is continued.
  • Step 801 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage. If yes, step 802 is performed, and if not, step 804 is performed.
  • the time of the designated CCA slot of the CCA stage may be 9 microseconds ( ⁇ s).
  • Step 802 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 803 is performed, and if not, step 801 is returned.
  • the second delay period may be (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 803 The station transmits a data packet, and determines whether to continue the transmission. If yes, step 810 or step 804 is performed, and if not, step 700 is performed.
  • Step 800 to step 803 are initial CCA stages.
  • Step 804 The station generates a random backoff value N.
  • the generated random backoff value N is in the range of [0, q-1].
  • q can be adjusted in a dynamic or semi-static manner.
  • Step 805 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the extended CCA stage. If yes, step 806 is performed. If not, step 805 is continued.
  • Step 806 The station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period. If yes, step 807 is performed. If not, step 806 is continued.
  • Step 807 The station determines whether N is equal to 0. If yes, returns to step 803. If not, step 808 is performed.
  • Step 809 No awareness is performed in the extended CCA slot, and step 806 is performed, or the station detects whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the extended CCA slot. If yes, the process returns to step 807. If not, the process returns to step 806.
  • Steps 804 to 809 are stages of extending the CCA.
  • Step 810 The station generates a random backoff value N, and proceeds to step 806.
  • the first embodiment to the sixth embodiment can be used in combination.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a first detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, if not, send a first notification message to the first generating module; and detect that the unlicensed carrier is in the first delay period Whether it is idle, if yes, sending a second notification message to the first determining module, wherein the duration of the first delay period is [16+9 ⁇ (n+k)] ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and when n is equal to 1, k is equal to 1;
  • a first generating module configured to receive the first notification message, and generate a random backoff value
  • the first determining module is configured to receive the second notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the functions of the first determining module, the first detecting module, and the first generating module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in a memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit.
  • the first detecting module is further configured to: detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, and if not, continue to perform the detecting the unlicensed carrier at the beginning The step of whether the CCA slot in the initial CCA phase is idle; wherein the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s.
  • the first detecting module is further configured to: when detecting that the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, send a third notification message to the first sending module;
  • the device further includes: a first sending module, configured to receive the third notification message, and transmit a data packet;
  • the first determining module is further configured to: continue to perform the step of determining whether to continue the transmission.
  • the first detecting module is configured to: detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send the first notification message to the first generating module;
  • the authorized carrier sequentially performs detection of (n+k) times of CCA slots, if idle is detected (n+k) times, and the unlicensed carrier is detected to be idle within 16 ⁇ s; or, the first detected The unlicensed carrier is idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then the (N+k) times of detection of the CCA time slot is performed on the unlicensed carrier. If the idle detection is detected (n+k) times, the second notification is sent to the first determining module. Message.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a second detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, if not, send a fourth notification message to the second generating module; and detect the designated CCA of the unlicensed carrier in the extended CCA stage Whether the slot is idle, if yes, detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period or the third delay period, and if yes, sending a fifth notification message to the second determining module;
  • a second generating module configured to receive the fourth notification message, and generate a random backoff value
  • the second determining module is configured to receive the fifth notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to 0.
  • the functions of the second determining module, the second detecting module, and the second generating module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in a memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit.
  • the second determining module is further configured to: determine whether the random backoff value is equal to 0, and if yes, send a sixth notification message to the second detecting module;
  • the second detecting module is configured to: detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send a fourth notification message to the second generating module; and receive the sixth notification message, Detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA time slot of the extended CCA phase, and if yes, detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period or the third delay period, and if yes, proceeding to the second determining module Send a fifth notification message.
  • the second determining module is further configured to: determine that the random backoff value is not equal to 0, and send a seventh notification message to the second detecting module;
  • the second detecting module is further configured to: receive the seventh notification message, and perform the step of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period.
  • the second detecting module is configured to: detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a specified CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send a fourth notification message to the second generating module; Whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the designated CCA slot in the extended CCA phase, and if so, first performs the detection of n or (n-1) times of the CCA slot for the unlicensed carrier, if n or (n-1)
  • the idle detection is idle, and the unlicensed carrier is detected to be idle within 16 ⁇ s; or, the unlicensed carrier is first detected to be idle within 16 ⁇ s, and then the unlicensed carrier is sequentially executed n or (n-1) times.
  • the detection of the CCA slot, if idle is detected in n or (n-1) times sends a fifth notification message to the second judging module.
  • the second detecting module is further configured to: detect that the unlicensed carrier is busy in a designated CCA time slot of the extended CCA stage, and continue to perform detection of the unlicensed carrier in the extended CCA The step of specifying whether the phase is free in the CCA slot.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening, including at least:
  • a third detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send an eighth notification message to the third generating module; and detecting the unlicensed carrier in the second delay period Whether it is idle, if yes, sending a ninth notification message to the third determining module; wherein, the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the third generating module is configured to receive the eighth notification message, and generate a random backoff value; wherein the generated random backoff value is greater than or equal to 1, and less than or equal to q, q is a size of the contention window;
  • the third determining module is configured to receive the ninth notification message, and continue to perform the determining the random backoff value Whether it is equal to 0 steps.
  • the functions of the third determining module, the third detecting module, and the third generating module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in the memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a fourth detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA time slot of the initial CCA stage, and if not, send a tenth notification message to the fourth generating module; and detecting that the unlicensed carrier is in the second delay period Whether it is idle, if yes, sending an eleventh notification message to the fourth determining module; wherein, the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1;
  • the fourth generating module is configured to receive the tenth notification message, and generate a random backoff value
  • a first calculation module configured to add a random backoff value by one
  • the fourth judging module is configured to receive the eleventh notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value after adding 1 is equal to 0.
  • the functions of the fourth determining module, the fourth detecting module, the fourth generating module, and the first calculating module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in the memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit. .
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a fifth detecting module configured to detect whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in a designated CCA slot in the initial CCA phase, and if yes, detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in the second delay period, if not, then The fifth generation module sends a twelfth notification message; wherein, the duration of the second delay period is (16+9n) ⁇ s, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 1; detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle during the second delay period, If yes, sending a thirteenth notification message to the fifth determining module;
  • a fifth generation module configured to receive the twelfth notification message, generating a random backoff value
  • the fifth determining module is configured to receive the thirteenth notification message, and continue to perform the step of determining whether the random backoff value is equal to zero.
  • the functions of the fifth determining module, the fifth detecting module, and the fifth generating module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in the memory, and may also be through a firmware/logic circuit/set Into a circuit implementation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes eight ways to implement the process of listening first, which is described as follows.
  • Periodic CCA detection if the CCA detection of the delay period is idle, the station will obtain the right to use the unlicensed carrier. At this time, the total duration of the unlicensed carrier idle experienced by the station is the duration of the delay period idle, which is (16+1*9) us (ie, 25 us). After the parameter configuration described above, the flow of the site does not change, but since the delay period of the extended CCA phase is (16+(1+1)*9)us (ie 34us), the site experiences non-destruction at this time. The total duration of the authorized carrier idle is the duration of the delay period idle, which is (16+(1+1)*9)us (ie 34us). Meet the above requirements, thus ensuring the fairness of the LAA system and the WiFi system.
  • the above settings can always exist regardless of whether n is 1.
  • the above setting may be set only for the case where n is 1.
  • the station allows setting k in the delay period in the extended CCA to be 0 or 1.
  • the generation range of the limit N is [1, q]. This avoids the case where N is randomly generated to be 1, and the above problem can be overcome.
  • the range of N randomly generated by the station is [0, q-1]
  • the range of the restriction N from the initial CCA to the extended CCA stage is [1, q]. It is also possible to limit the value of N to [1, q] for all entering the extended CCA phase.
  • Mode 4 is modified for the initial CCA phase of Figure 1.
  • the station starts from whether to send data, and if it needs to send data, the station performs a CCA time slot detection
  • the delay period CCA detection is entered. If the delay period CCA detection is idle, the station starts to transmit data; if the delay period CCA detection is busy, the station enters the extended CCA stage.
  • the site When detected as busy, the site enters the extended CCA phase.
  • the station when the station enters the extended CCA stage, the station generates a random backoff N value, and determines whether N is 0.
  • the station When N is non-zero, the station enters the delay period CCA detection.
  • the above approach is for the site to enter the extended CCA phase from the initial CCA. It can also be applied to other ways to enter the extended CCA stage. However, for other modes to enter the extended CCA stage, optionally, when the station enters the extended CCA from the non-initial CCA stage, the station generates a random back-off N value and directly enters the delay period CCA detection (the flow is not illustrated in FIG. 7). Out).
  • the station enters an extended CCA stage, the station generates a random back-off N value, and the station performs a CCA time slot detection.
  • the station When the detection is idle, the station enters a delay period CCA detection.
  • the station When detected as busy, the station repeatedly performs the detection of the one CCA slot.
  • the above approach is for the site to enter the extended CCA phase from the initial CCA. It can also be applied to other ways to enter the extended CCA stage. However, for other modes to enter the extended CCA stage, optionally, when the station enters the extended CCA from the non-initial CCA stage, the station generates a random back-off N value and directly enters the delay period CCA detection (the flow is not illustrated in FIG. 8). Out).
  • the detection time of the station can be shortened.
  • the station directly performs the delay period CCA detection.
  • the duration of one delay period is (16+n*9)us, and the station needs to detect the longest (16+n*9).
  • the station needs to detect the longest (16+n*9).
  • the sixth method only one CCA slot (9us) detection is needed to determine whether it is idle, thereby determining whether to proceed to the next step.
  • the sixth method can lead to the conclusion of whether to enter the next link in advance, so the time of the entire detection can be shortened, thereby indirectly improving the spectrum efficiency.
  • Mode 6 can also overcome the problems mentioned in Mode 1.
  • the delay period CCA duration in the extended CCA is (16+n*9)us.
  • mode seven based on the flow structure of mode six (Fig. 8), the site configuration in mode 7 reduces the delay period CCA duration by one 9us CCA slot, and the reduced one 9us CCA slot can be considered to be placed in A CCA slot before the delay period was replaced.
  • Mode 7 has the feature of mode six to shorten the detection time.
  • the delay period in the extended CCA is defined as (n*9+16)us, where 9 represents a CCA slot and 16 represents a 16us CCA detection.
  • the delay period CCA detection in the extended CCA becomes: first, n CCA slots are executed, and if they are all idle, a 16us CCA detection is performed. If idle, the entire delay period CCA is detected as idle. If any one of the CCA slots detects busy, it can be considered that the CCA is detected as busy during this delay period.
  • Mode 8 directly adopts the flow of Figure 1. In this way, the efficiency of shortening the detection time can also be achieved.
  • a structure of a delay period The structure consists of n consecutive 9us CCA slots followed by a 16us CCA detection.
  • the delay period CCA is detected as idle.
  • the station detects that any one of the CCA slots is busy, the station considers that the CCA is detected as busy during this delay period.
  • the site can immediately start the next CCA slot test. That is to say, when the station can determine that the CCA slot being detected is busy, the station will immediately perform the next CCA slot detection, thereby shortening the time.
  • the configuration of the extended CCA stage delay period and the initial CCA stage delay period is performed in accordance with the structure of 16us + n * 9us.
  • the configuration in the delay period at this time is performed in accordance with the structure of n*9us+16us.
  • the remaining unfinished processes still use Figure 1.
  • n*9us means n A 9us CCA slot
  • 16us means to perform a CCA detection with a duration of 16us.
  • the above-mentioned mode 8 is realized, which is advantageous for shortening the detection time of the whole listening and speaking, and the saving time can be used for transmitting data, thereby improving spectrum efficiency.
  • the delay period of the site configuration or selection of the initial CCA phase is 16us+9us+9us
  • the delay period of the station correspondingly configuring or selecting the extended CCA phase is 16us+9us+9us (this is because n is not 1, so Configure the duration equal to the delay period of the initial CCA stage) or 16us+9us+9us+9us (this always stays 9us longer than the delay period of the initial CCA stage).
  • the application also provides a counting rule for adaptively adjusting the LBT contention window size.
  • the basic idea is that when a station performs LBT, when a time slot is not observed, the station is not idle (ie, busy) for the time slot according to the unlicensed carrier in the time slot.
  • the busy state of the time slot is not used as a basis for increasing or decreasing the parameter.
  • the parameter is: the number of busy slots, or the number of busy periods.
  • the busy period is defined as: the total amount of time between two idle slots during which the medium is determined to be busy, or one
  • the equivalent definition is: a set of consecutive busy CCA slots.
  • the busy state of the time slot is not used as a basis for increasing or decreasing the parameter, including: when the number of timeslots whose parameters are busy, the time slot is not calculated as busy.
  • the number of busy slots does not increase or decrease; for a number of busy periods, the slot is not counted as part of a busy period or busy period.
  • This time slot exists as a CCA slot in the station observation window and is calculated in the number of CCA slots.
  • the time slot is not used as a CCA time slot within the observation window and is not counted in the number of CCA time slots.
  • the duration of the time slot is not part of the duration of the observation window.
  • the calculation formula for calculating the size of the competitive fallback window may include:
  • Measured amount number of busy cycles
  • Measured amount cumulative time of busy
  • Measured amount cumulative time of busy / duration of observation window
  • Measured amount cumulative time of idle / duration of the observation window.
  • the cumulative duration of busy includes the accumulation of time when the unlicensed carrier is busy within the specified time period. At this time, the above-mentioned time slots which are not observed and considered to be busy are not accumulated.
  • the accumulated accumulation time of idle includes the accumulation of the time when the unlicensed carrier is idle during the execution time period.
  • the metric is a predetermined threshold, which is a constant, or is related to a random back-off N value, or is related to the current contention window.
  • the competition window is adjusted.
  • the contention window is reduced or restored to the initial contention window size.
  • the station determines the priority corresponding to the LBT according to the QoS (Quality of Service) level of the service, if the site uses the parameter corresponding to the priority, for example, the minimum contention back-off window does not obtain the unlicensed carrier usage right for consecutive k times, The station can then use a higher level LBT priority parameter to compete for the next unlicensed carrier usage rights.
  • the value of k is 3.
  • the station determines the priority corresponding to the LBT according to the QoS class of the service, if the station uses the priority to obtain the unlicensed carrier usage right for consecutive k times, and each time the usage right is obtained, the direct initial CCA phase (based on the cat4 type) is obtained. The right to use the unlicensed carrier. The station can then use a higher level LBT priority parameter to compete for the next unlicensed carrier usage rights.
  • the value of k is 2.
  • the station When a station transmits a discovery signal (DRS) and simultaneously transmits a PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel), the station should select a parameter corresponding to the highest LBT priority in the data burst to perform the first listening. Said the mechanism. For example, if the site plans to transmit the burst including DRS and PDSCH, then the station selects the LBT priority corresponding to the highest QoS of the two to preempt the unlicensed carrier. For example, when part of the control information or PDSCH needs to be transmitted in the subframe in which the DRS is located, the station selects the corresponding parameter with the highest LBT priority to execute the LBT.
  • DRS discovery signal
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • Mode 1 When there is data in the buffer of the site to be sent, the site allows the self-delay mechanism to be executed when the site executes the process of Figure 1.
  • the predetermined threshold is a value of N randomly generated when the LBT is executed; or a function of an N value, such as N/2, N/3 (rounding when not a whole integer), or the size L of the contention window when performing LBT, or an L value Functions, such as L/2, L/3 (rounding when not an integer) Wait.
  • Mode 3 Self-delay processing is used only when the site is multi-carrier aggregation, frequency reuse, and unlicensed carrier competition when uplink multi-user multiplexing.
  • Mode 4 When the station performs LBT, the generated random backoff N value is greater than the preset threshold to allow self-delay processing.
  • the preset threshold is a constant value, or the predetermined threshold is a function of the size L value of the contention window when performing LBT, such as L/2, L/3 (rounding when not a whole integer), and the like.
  • Mode 5 When the station arrives only when the data arrives (there is data in the buffer), the station can perform the listening and speaking mechanism to compete for the unlicensed carrier.
  • the behavior of the data in the buffer is: the Mac (Media Access Control) layer notifies or triggers the physical layer, and the data arrives, and the time point is t0.
  • the physical layer starts the LBT process starting from the time point of t0 or t0+t1. Referring to Figure 1, for example, the starting point is t0, then the time position of the first CCA slot is t0+9us (t0 is the starting point and the duration is 9us). If the detection is idle, the time position of the delay period is t0+9us+(16).
  • the time position of each CCA slot or delay period can be predetermined. The time position of the subsequent CCA slot or delay period and so on.
  • Mode 6 When the station (the UE side) obtains the determined planned transmission time, the station can perform the flowchart 1 as the contention unlicensed carrier. For example, after receiving the uplink authorization information of the base station, the UE may determine the sending time point of the uplink data according to the received uplink authorization information, and then the UE may perform the listening and speaking mechanism after receiving the uplink authorization information, and allow the data to be sent at the time of the data transmission.
  • the self-delay function was previously executed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the expansion of the competition window can be, but is not limited to, doubled, or exponentially increased, or linearly increased.
  • the competition window is reduced or the competition window is adjusted to the minimum value, and the competition window after the small adjustment is used to implement the process of listening first.
  • the competition window is reduced by, but not limited to, doubled, or exponentially reduced, or linearly reduced.
  • the calculating the metric according to the detection result of detecting whether the unlicensed carrier is idle in each preset period in the observation window includes:
  • Determining the number of preset periods in which the measurement result is busy, or the preset period is the number of CCA slots, or the number of preset periods in which the detection result is busy and is a CCA slot, or the accumulation result is busy accumulation Duration, or cumulative time when the test result is idle;
  • the ratio between the number of preset periods that are busy and the number of CCA slots in the observation window, or the number of preset periods in which the detection result is busy and is a CCA slot and the CCA slot in the observation window is a CCA slot and the CCA slot in the observation window.
  • the preset period in which the detection result is busy may be the time of each adjacent CCA slot and/or 16 ⁇ s in which the detection result is busy.
  • the accumulated time length in which the detection result is busy refers to the cumulative time length in which the detection result in the observation window is busy
  • the accumulated accumulation time in which the detection result is idle refers to the accumulated time length in which the detection result in the observation window is idle.
  • the observation window refers to the time that the station begins to compete to compete for the unlicensed carrier.
  • the priority level of the first listening and the speaking is determined according to the service quality level of the service, and the parameter corresponding to the determined priority level is used to implement the process of listening first; and determining the parameter corresponding to the determined priority level.
  • the minimum contention window does not obtain an unlicensed carrier for consecutive k1 times, or judges that the parameter corresponding to the determined priority level is obtained for the unlicensed carrier in the initial CCA phase continuously, and the priority level is increased after the first listening, wherein K1, k2 are integers greater than or equal to one.
  • the priority level that can be said after listening can be determined as the quality of service level of the service.
  • the parameters corresponding to the priority level mentioned first include the maximum value of the contention window, the minimum value of the contention window, and n.
  • the transmission discovery signal DRS may also be determined, and the priority level after the first listening is adjusted to the highest priority level.
  • the priority level that is first heard and then said is adjusted to a priority level corresponding to the physical channel with the highest quality of service level.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening and speaking, including at least:
  • a second calculating module configured to calculate a metric according to a detection result of detecting whether an unlicensed carrier is idle in each preset period in the observation window
  • the sixth determining module is configured to determine that the calculated metric is greater than a preset threshold, and send a fifteenth notification message to the adjusting module;
  • the adjustment module is set to receive the fifteenth notification message, and the competition window is adjusted to be large, and the competition window after the adjustment is implemented to realize the process of listening first.
  • the functions of the second computing module, the sixth determining module, and the adjusting module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in a memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit.
  • the sixth determining module is further configured to: determine that the calculated metric quantity is less than or equal to a preset threshold, and send a sixteenth notification message to the adjusting module;
  • the adjustment module is further configured to: receive the 16th notification message, adjust the competition window to a small value or adjust the contention window to a minimum value, and use the competition window after the small adjustment to implement the process of listening first.
  • the second calculating module is configured to:
  • Determining the number of preset periods in which the measurement result is busy, or the preset period is the number of CCA slots, or the number of preset periods in which the detection result is busy and is a CCA slot, or the accumulation result is busy accumulation Duration, or cumulative time when the test result is idle;
  • the ratio between the number of preset periods that are busy and the number of CCA slots in the observation window, or the number of preset periods in which the detection result is busy and is a CCA slot and the CCA slot in the observation window is a CCA slot and the CCA slot in the observation window.
  • the device further includes: a determining module, configured to determine, according to a service quality level of the service, a priority level that is said to be heard first, and a parameter corresponding to the determined priority level to implement a process of listening first;
  • the sixth judging module is further configured to: determine that the minimum contention window in the parameter corresponding to the determined priority level does not obtain the unlicensed carrier for consecutive k1 times, or determine that the determined priority level is used.
  • the required parameter obtains an unlicensed carrier in the initial CCA phase for consecutive k2 times, and sends a seventeenth notification message to the adjustment module; wherein k1, k2 are integers greater than or equal to 1;
  • the adjustment module is further configured to: receive the seventeenth notification message, and increase the priority level after the first listening.
  • the function of the determining module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in the memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit.
  • the sixth determining module is further configured to: determine the transmission discovery signal DRS, and send the eighteenth notification message to the adjustment module;
  • the adjustment module is further configured to: receive the eighteenth notification message, and adjust the priority level that is first heard and then to the highest priority level.
  • the sixth determining module is further configured to: determine that different physical channels are simultaneously transmitted, and send a nineteenth notification message to the adjusting module;
  • the adjustment module is further configured to: receive the nineteenth notification message, and adjust the priority level after the first listening to the priority level corresponding to the physical channel with the highest quality of service level.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing listening and speaking, including:
  • the self-delay mechanism is allowed to be executed after the time when the data arrives or the determined time for sending the data is obtained.
  • the media access control (MAC) layer may send a notification message to the physical layer to determine whether the data arrives. When the physical layer receives the notification message, it determines that the data arrives, and the physical layer does not receive the notification. When the message is received, it is judged that the data has not arrived.
  • MAC media access control
  • the base station may send the sending moment of the data to the terminal by using the uplink grant information.
  • the number of times the self-delay mechanism is executed may be limited to be less than or equal to a preset threshold.
  • the preset threshold may be a function of generating a random backoff value or a random backoff value (eg, N/2, N/3, etc.), or the size of the contention window q, or a function of the size of the contention window (eg q/2, q/3, etc.).
  • the self-delay mechanism means that in step 107 and step 108 in FIG. 1, after N is equal to 1, the value of N is no longer subtracted by 1, and no detection is performed, that is, nothing is done.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing listening, including at least:
  • the seventh judging module is configured to determine that there is data to be sent in the buffer area, or to perform unlicensed carrier competition when multi-carrier aggregation or frequency reuse or uplink multi-user multiplexing, or determine that the generated random backoff value is greater than or After being equal to the preset threshold, or determining that the data arrives, or obtaining the determined time for sending the data, sending a twentieth notification message to the execution module;
  • the execution module is configured to receive the twentieth notification message, allowing the self-delay mechanism to be performed.
  • the functions of the seventh determining module and the executing module may be implemented by a processor executing a program/instruction stored in the memory, and may also be implemented by a firmware/logic circuit/integrated circuit.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the method for implementing the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the method for implementing the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the method for implementing the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the method of implementing the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, where computer executable instructions are stored, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the implementation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is implemented. method.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the method for implementing the embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, and when the computer executable instructions are executed, the method of implementing the embodiment shown in FIG. 20 is implemented.
  • a program to instruct related hardware e.g., a processor
  • a computer readable storage medium such as a read only memory, disk or optical disk. Wait.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented using one or more integrated circuits.
  • the modules/units in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented in the form of hardware, for example, by implementing an integrated circuit to implement their respective functions, or may be implemented in the form of a software function module, for example, executing a program stored in the memory by the processor/ Instructions to achieve their corresponding functions.
  • Embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific form of combination of hardware and software.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method and a device for implementing listening and speaking, which improves the fairness of competition with the WiFi system.

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Abstract

一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：站点检测到非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；然后站点检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1。通过上述方案，站点在检测到非授权载波在第一延时周期内空闲，才执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤，由于第一延时周期在n等于1时为34μs，因此，提高了与WiFi系统竞争的公平性。

Description

一种实现先听后说的方法和装置 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于非授权载波领域，尤指一种实现先听后说(LBT，Listen Before Talk)的方法和装置。
背景技术
目前，长期演进技术(LTE，Long Term Evolution)的通信网络都是部署在授权载波中运营的。随着LTE的发展，一些公司提出了“建议研究LTE部署在非授权载波中的课题”，例如美国的高通公司认为：随着数据业务的快速增长，在不久的将来，授权载波将不能承受快速业务增长带来的巨大的数据量。考虑通过在非授权载波中部署LTE，以此来分担授权载波中的数据流量，可以解决业务增长带来的数据量压力。而且，非授权载波具有以下特点：一方面，由于非授权载波不需要购买，或者载波资源为零成本，因此非授权载波免费或低费用；另一方面，由于个人、企业都可以参与部署，设备商的设备也可以，因此非授权载波的准入要求低；再者，非授权载波具有共享性，通过多个不同系统都运营其中时或者同一系统的不同运营商运营其中时，可以考虑一些共享资源的方式，以提高载波效率。
综上所述，虽然LTE部署在非授权载波中具有明显的优势，但是，在部署的过程中，依然存在问题；主要包括：无线接入技术多(跨不同的通信标准，协作难，网络拓扑多样)和无线接入站点多(用户数量大，协作难度大，集中式管理开销大)。由于无线接入技术多，非授权载波中将存在各种各样的无线系统，彼此之间难于协调，干扰严重。因此，针对LTE部署在非授权载波中，仍然需要支持非授权载波的管制，多数国家要求系统在非授权载波中部署时，需要支持LBT机制。通过LBT机制可以避免相邻系统之间同时使用非授权载波而为彼此带来的干扰。并且进一步进入竞争回退机制，即邻近的系统站点(一般是同一系统的邻近传输节点)，通过竞争回退机制后可以避免相同系统的邻近传输节点同时使用非授权载波时带来的干扰。
目前，LTE正在研究将LTE部署在非授权载波中(称为LAA系统)， 其中多数公司认为LAA系统下行将采用基于竞争回退机制来实现对于非授权载波使用权的抢占。但是目前还没有确定适合LAA系统，尤其是在考虑WiFi系统的竞争机制相对的公平性后，目前公开的实现LBT的方法的流程图如图1所示，该方法大致包括：
步骤100、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤101，如果没有则继续执行步骤100。
步骤101、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定空闲信道评估(CCA，Clear Channel Assessment)时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤102，如果不是则执行步骤104。
本步骤中，初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时间可以是9微秒(μs)。
步骤102、站点检测非授权载波在延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤103，如果不是，则返回步骤101。
本步骤中，延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤103、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤104，如果不是，则返回步骤100。
步骤100至步骤103为初始CCA阶段。
步骤104、站点产生随机回退值N。
本步骤中，产生的随机回退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤105、站点检测非授权载波在延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤106，如果不是，则继续执行步骤105。
步骤106、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤103，如果不是，则执行步骤107。
步骤107、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤108、在扩展CCA(eCCA)时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤105，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤 106，如果不是，则返回步骤105。
步骤104至步骤108为扩展CCA阶段。
其中，当步骤107和步骤108均不执行任何动作直接返回步骤105时，实现了自延迟机制。
相关的实现LBT的方法中，如果在初始CCA阶段，站点检测到非授权载波在CCA时隙内空闲，则直接进入扩展CCA阶段，如果产生的N值为0，且检测到非授权载波在延时CCA周期内空闲，在n的值为1时，站点仅检测到25μs空闲就进行数据传输，而WiFi系统需要检测34μs空闲才进行数据传输，因此，与WiFi系统竞争的公平性较低。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提出了一种实现先听后说的方法和装置，能够提高与WiFi系统竞争的公平性。
第一方面，本发明实施例提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估(CCA)阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；
然后站点检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1。
可选地，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，该方法还包括：
所述站点检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤；其中，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs。
可选地，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，该方 法还包括：
所述站点传输一个数据包，并继续执行判断是否继续传输的步骤。
可选地，当所述n大于1时，所述k等于0或1。
可选地，所述站点检测到非授权载波在第一延时周期内空闲包括：
所述站点先对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；
或者，所述站点先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；
然后站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
可选地，在所述站点检测到非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲之前，该方法还包括：
所述站点判断所述随机回退值是否等于0，当判断出所述随机回退值等于0时。
可选地，当所述站点判断出所述随机回退值不等于0时，该方法还包括：
所述站点执行所述检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
可选地，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，所述第三延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n-1)]μs；
所述站点检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内空闲包括：
所述站点先对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；
或者，所述站点先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检测到空闲。
可选地，当所述站点检测到所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内忙时，该方法还包括：
所述站点继续执行检测所述非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
第三方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；其中，产生的随机回退值大于或等于1，且小于或等于q，q为竞争窗的大小；
然后站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
可选地，当所述站点判断出继续传输数据包时，所述随机回退值大于或等于0且小于或等于(q-1)。
第四方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；
站点将随机回退值加1；
然后站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断加1后的随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
可选地，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，该方法还包括：
所述站点检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
可选地，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，该方法还包括：
所述站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果否，则继续执行判断是否有数据需要发送的步骤。
可选地，当所述站点判断出继续传输数据包时，该方法还包括：
所述站点产生所述随机回退值，检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲，继续执行所述判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
第五方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
第六方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第一检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第一产生模块发送第一通知消息；检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第一判断模块发送第二通知消息，其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1；
第一产生模块，设置为接收到第一通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第一判断模块，设置为接收到第二通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
可选地，所述第一检测模块还设置为：
当检测到所述非授权载波在所述初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤；其中，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs。
可选地，所述第一检测模块还设置为：当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，向第一发送模块发送第三通知消息；
该装置还包括：第一发送模块，设置为接收到所述第三通知消息，传输一个数据包；
所述第一判断模块还设置为：继续执行判断是否继续传输的步骤。
可选地，所述第一检测模块设置为：
检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第一产生模块发送第一通知消息；先对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；或者，先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，则向第一判断模块发送第二通知消息。
第七方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第二检测模块，设置为检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息；
第二产生模块，设置为接收到第四通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第二判断模块，设置为接收到第五通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
可选地，所述第二判断模块还设置为：判断出所述随机回退值是否等于0，如果是，则向所述第二检测模块发送第六通知消息；
所述第二检测模块设置为：
检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；接收到第六通知消息，检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第二判 断模块发送第五通知消息。
可选地，所述第二判断模块还设置为：判断出所述随机回退值不等于0，向所述第二检测模块发送第七通知消息；
所述第二检测模块还设置为：接收到所述第七通知消息，执行所述检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
可选地，所述第二检测模块设置为：
检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则先对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；或者，先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检测到空闲，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息。
可选地，所述第二检测模块还设置为：检测到所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内忙，继续执行检测所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
第八方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第三检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第三产生模块发送第八通知消息；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲如果是，则向第三判断模块发送第九通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
第三产生模块，设置为接收到第八通知消息，产生随机回退值；其中，产生的随机回退值大于或等于1，且小于或等于q，q为竞争窗的大小；
第三判断模块，设置为接收到第九通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
第九方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第四检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时 隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第四产生模块发送第十通知消息；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第四判断模块发送第十一通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
第四产生模块，设置为接收到第十通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第一计算模块，设置为将随机回退值加1；
第四判断模块，设置为接收到第十一通知消息，继续执行判断加1后的随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
第十方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第五检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则向第五产生模块发送第十二通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第五判断模块发送第十三通知消息；
第五产生模块，设置为接收到第十二通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第五判断模块，设置为接收到第十三通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
第十一方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果，计算度量量；
判断出计算得到的度量量大于预设门限，将竞争窗调大，并采用调大后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
可选地，当判断出所述计算得到的度量量小于或等于所述预设门限时，该方法还包括：
将所述竞争窗调小或将所述竞争窗调为最小值，并采用调小后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
可选地，所述根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲 的检测结果计算度量量包括：
确定所述度量量为检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量，或预设周期为CCA时隙的数量，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量，或检测结果为忙的累积时长，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长；
或检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值。
可选地，该方法还包括：
根据业务的服务质量等级确定先听后说的优先级别，采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数实现先听后说的过程；
判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数中的最小竞争窗连续k1次未获得非授权载波，或判断出采用所述确定出的优先级别对应的参数连续k2次在初始CCA阶段获得非授权载波，将先听后说的优先级别调高，其中，k1，k2为大于或等于1的整数。
可选地，该方法还包括：
判断出传输发现信号DRS，将先听后说的优先级别调整为最高优先级别。
可选地，该方法还包括：
判断出同时传输不同的物理信道，将先听后说的优先级别调整为服务质量等级最高的物理信道对应的优先级别。
第十二方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第二计算模块，设置为根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果，计算度量量；
第六判断模块，设置为判断出计算得到的度量量大于预设门限，向调整模块发送第十五通知消息；
调整模块，设置为接收到第十五通知消息，将竞争窗调大，并采用调大后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
可选地，所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出所述计算得到的度量量小于或等于所述预设门限，向所述调整模块发送第十六通知消息；
所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十六通知消息，将所述竞争窗调小或将所述竞争窗调为最小值，并采用调小后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
可选地，所述第二计算模块设置为：
确定所述度量量为检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量，或预设周期为CCA时隙的数量，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量，或检测结果为忙的累积时长，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长；
或检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值。
可选地，该装置还包括：确定模块，设置为根据业务的服务质量等级确定先听后说的优先级别，采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数实现先听后说的过程；
所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数中的最小竞争窗连续k1次未获得非授权载波，或判断出采用所述确定出的优先级别对应的参数连续k2次在初始CCA阶段获得非授权载波，向所述调整模块发送第十七通知消息；其中，k1，k2为大于或等于1的整数；
所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十七通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调高。
可选地，所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出传输发现信号DRS，向所述调整模块发送第十八通知消息；
所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十八通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调整为最高优先级别。
可选地，所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出同时传输不同的物理信道，向所述调整模块发送第十九通知消息；
所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十九通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调整为服务质量等级最高的物理信道对应的优先级别。
第十三方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
判断出缓存区中有数据待发送，或在多载波聚合或频率重用或上行多用户复用时进行非授权载波竞争时，或判断出产生的随机回退值大于或等于预设门限值，或判断出数据到达，或获得确定的发送数据的时间后，允许执行自延迟机制。
可选地，所述执行自延迟机制的次数小于或等于所述预设门限值。
第十四方面，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第七判断模块，设置为判断出缓存区中有数据待发送，或在多载波聚合或频率重用或上行多用户复用时进行非授权载波竞争时，或判断出产生的随机回退值大于或等于预设门限值，或判断出数据到达，或获得确定的发送数据的时间后，向执行模块发送第二十通知消息；
执行模块，设置为接收到第二十通知消息，允许执行自延迟机制。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第一方面的上述实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第二方面的上述实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第三方面的上述实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第四方面的上述实现先听后说的方 法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第五方面的上述实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第十一方面的上述实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现第十三方面的上述实现先听后说的方法。
与相关技术相比，本发明实施例的技术方案包括：站点检测到非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；站点检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1。通过本发明实施例的方案，站点在检测到非授权载波在第一延时周期内空闲，才执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤，由于第一延时周期在n等于1时为34μs，因此，提高了与WiFi系统竞争的公平性。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
下面对本发明实施例中的附图进行说明，实施例中的附图是用于对本申请的进一步理解，与说明书一起用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请保护范围的限制。
图1为相关的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图2为本发明实施例的第一种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图3为本发明实施例的第二种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图4为本发明实施例的第三种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图5为本发明实施例的第四种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图6为本发明实施例的第五种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图7为本申请第一实施例的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图8为本申请第二实施例的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图9为本申请第三实施例的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图10为本申请第四实施例的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图11为本申请第五实施例的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图12为本申请第六实施例的实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图13为本发明实施例的第一种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图；
图14为本发明实施例的第二种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图；
图15为本发明实施例的第三种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图；
图16为本发明实施例的第四种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图；
图17为本发明实施例的第五种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图；
图18为本发明实施例的第六种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图19为本发明实施例的第六种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图；
图20为本发明实施例的第七种实现先听后说的方法的流程图；
图21为本发明实施例的第七种实现先听后说的装置的结构组成示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步的描述，并不能用来限制本申请的保护范围。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的各种方式可以相互组合。
参见图2，本发明实施例提出了一种实现LBT的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤200、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值。
本步骤中，站点可以是采用非授权载波发送数据的设备，如基站、移动 终端等。
本步骤中，站点如何检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲属于本领域技术人员的公知技术，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，这里不再赘述。
本步骤中，当检测到非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)微秒(μs)，n为大于或等于1的整数。
其中，当检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期内空闲时，站点传输一个数据包，并继续执行判断是否继续传输的步骤。
步骤201、站点检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
本步骤中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1。
其中，当n大于1时，k等于0或1。
其中，站点检测到非授权载波在第一延时周期内空闲包括：
站点先对非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，且再检测到非授权载波在16μs内空闲；
或者，站点先检测到非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲。
也就是说，站点将[16+9×(n+k)]μs的时长分为(n+k)个CCA时隙和16μs分别进行检测，当检测到非授权载波在任意一个CCA时隙或16μs内忙时，认为非授权载波在第一延时周期内忙；当检测到非授权载波在所有CCA时隙和16μs内空闲时，才认为非授权载波在第一延时周期内空闲。
其中，当站点检测到非授权载波在第一延时周期内忙时，站点继续执行检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
上述方法中，通过设置第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，且当n等于1时，k等于1，保证站点在n等于1时能够进行34μs的检测，提高 了与WiFi系统竞争的公平性。
如图3所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；然后站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，第三延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n-1)]μs。
其中，在站点检测到非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲之前，该方法还包括：
站点判断随机回退值是否等于0，当判断出所述随机回退值等于0时。
其中，当站点检测到非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内忙时，站点继续执行检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
其中，当站点判断出随机回退值不等于0时，站点执行检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
其中，站点检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内空闲包括：
站点先对非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检到空闲，且再检测到非授权载波在16μs内空闲；
或者，站点先检测到非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检测到空闲。
也就是说，站点将(16+9n)μs或[16+9×(n-1)]μs的时长分为n或(n-1)个CCA时隙和16μs分别进行检测，当检测到非授权载波在任意一个CCA时隙或16μs内忙时，认为非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内忙；当检测到非授权载波在所有CCA时隙和16μs内空闲时，才认为非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内空闲。
如图4所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；其中，产生的随机回退值大于或等于1，且小于或等于q，q为竞争窗的大小；然后站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
其中，当站点判断出继续传输数据包时，随机回退值大于或等于0且小于或等于(q-1)。
采用上述方法后，产生的随机回退值一定不等于0，因此，站点至少需要检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期和扩展CCA时隙内空闲，才进行数据包的传输，从而提高了与WiFi竞争的公平性。
如图5所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；站点将随机回退值加1；然后站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断加1后的随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
其中，当检测到非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
其中，当检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期内空闲时，站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果否，则继续执行判断是否有数据需要发送的步骤。
其中，当站点判断出继续传输数据包时，站点产生随机回退值，检测到非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
采用上述方法后，产生的随机回退值加1后一定不等于0，因此，站点至少需要检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期和扩展CCA时隙内空闲，才进 行数据包的传输，从而提高了与WiFi竞争的公平性。
如图6所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
通过上述方法，站点在执行一个第二延时周期的检测后就可以进入扩展CCA阶段，从而节省了流程，在非授权负载较重时，站点获得了更大的增益。
下面通过几个实施例详细说明本申请的方法。
第一实施例，参见图7，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤300、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤301，如果没有则继续执行步骤300。
步骤301、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤302，如果不是则执行步骤304。
本步骤中，初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时长可以是9μs。
步骤302、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤303，如果不是，则返回步骤301。
本步骤中，第二延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤303、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤304，如果不是，则返回步骤300。
步骤300至步骤303为初始CCA阶段。
步骤304、站点产生随机回退值N。
本步骤中，产生的随机回退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤305、站点检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是， 则执行步骤306，如果不是，则继续执行步骤305。
本步骤中，第一延时周期的时长可以为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1。
其中，当n大于1时，k等于0或1。
步骤306、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤303，如果不是，则执行步骤307。
步骤307、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤308、在扩展CCA时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤305，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤306，如果不是，则返回步骤305。
步骤304至步骤308为扩展CCA阶段。
第二实施例，参见图8，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤400、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤401，如果没有则继续执行步骤400。
步骤401、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤402，如果不是则执行步骤404。
本步骤中，CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时间可以是9微秒(μs)。
步骤402、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤403，如果不是，则返回步骤401。
本步骤中，第二延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤403、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤404，如果不是，则返回步骤400。
步骤400至步骤403为初始CCA阶段。
步骤404、站点产生随机回退值N。
本步骤中，从初始CCA阶段进入扩展CCA阶段(也就是从步骤402进入步骤404)时，产生的随机回退值N在[1，q]的范围内，从非初始CCA阶段进入扩展CCA阶段(也就是从步骤403进入步骤404)时，产生的随机回 退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤405、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤406，如果不是，则继续执行步骤405。
步骤406、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤403，如果不是，则执行步骤407。
步骤407、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤408、在扩展CCA时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤405，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤406，如果不是，则返回步骤405。
步骤404至步骤408为扩展CCA阶段。
第三实施例，参见图9，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤500、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤501，如果没有则继续执行步骤500。
步骤501、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤502，如果不是则执行步骤504。
本步骤中，CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时间可以是9微秒(μs)。
步骤502、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤503，如果不是，则返回步骤501。
本步骤中，第二延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤503、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤504，如果不是，则返回步骤500。
步骤500至步骤503为初始CCA阶段。
步骤504、站点产生随机回退值N，并将N加1。
本步骤中，产生的随机回退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤505、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤506，如果不是，则继续执行步骤505。
步骤506、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤503，如果不是，则执行步骤507。
步骤507、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤508、在扩展CCA时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤505，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤506，如果不是，则返回步骤505。
步骤504至步骤508为扩展CCA阶段。
第四实施例，参见图10，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤600、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤601，如果没有则继续执行步骤600。
步骤601、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤602，如果不是则执行步骤604。
本步骤中，CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时间可以是9微秒(μs)。
步骤602、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤603，如果不是，则执行步骤604。
本步骤中，第二延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤603、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤604，如果不是，则返回步骤600。
步骤600至步骤603为初始CCA阶段。
步骤604、站点产生随机回退值N。
本步骤中，产生的随机回退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤605、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是， 则执行步骤606，如果不是，则继续执行步骤605。
步骤606、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤603，如果不是，则执行步骤607。
步骤607、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤608、在扩展CCA时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤605，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤606，如果不是，则返回步骤605。
步骤604至步骤608为扩展CCA阶段。
第五实施例，参见图11，本实施例提供的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤700、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤701，如果没有则继续执行步骤700。
步骤701、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤702，如果不是则执行步骤704。
本步骤中，CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时间可以是9微秒(μs)。
步骤702、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤703，如果不是，则返回步骤701。
本步骤中，第二延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤703、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤711或步骤704，如果不是，则返回步骤700。
步骤700至步骤703为初始CCA阶段。
步骤704、站点产生随机回退值N。
本步骤中，产生的随机回退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤705、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则执行步骤706，如果不是，则执行步骤707。
步骤706、站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是 否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤707，如果不是，则继续执行步骤706。
步骤707、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤708，如果不是，则继续执行步骤707。
步骤708、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤703，如果不是，则执行步骤709。
步骤709、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤710、在扩展CCA时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤707，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤708，如果不是，则返回步骤707。
步骤704至步骤710为扩展CCA阶段。
步骤711、站点产生随机回退值N，并继续执行步骤707。
第六实施例，参见图12，本实施例的方法包括以下步骤：
步骤800、站点判断是否有数据需要发送，如果有，则执行步骤801，如果没有则继续执行步骤800。
步骤801、站点检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤802，如果不是则执行步骤804。
本步骤中，CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙的时间可以是9微秒(μs)。
步骤802、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤803，如果不是，则返回步骤801。
本步骤中，第二延时周期可以是(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤803、站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果是，则执行步骤810或步骤804，如果不是，则执行步骤700。
步骤800至步骤803为初始CCA阶段。
步骤804、站点产生随机回退值N。
本步骤中，产生的随机回退值N在[0，q-1]的范围内。
其中，q为竞争窗的长度。
其中，q可以通过动态或半静态的方式进行调整。
步骤805、站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤806，如果不是，则继续执行步骤805。
步骤806、站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则执行步骤807，如果不是，则继续执行步骤806。
步骤807、站点判断N是否等于0，如果是，则返回步骤803，如果不是，则执行步骤808。
步骤808、站点执行N＝N-1，或者什么都不做。
步骤809、在扩展CCA时隙内不做感知，并执行步骤806，或者站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则返回步骤807，如果不是，则返回步骤806。
步骤804至步骤809为扩展CCA阶段。
步骤810、站点产生随机回退值N，并继续执行步骤806。
第一实施例到第六实施例之间可以结合使用。
参见图13，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第一检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第一产生模块发送第一通知消息；检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第一判断模块发送第二通知消息，其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1；
第一产生模块，设置为接收到第一通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第一判断模块，设置为接收到第二通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第一判断模块、第一检测模块和第一产生模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
本发明实施例的装置中，第一检测模块还设置为：检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初 始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤；其中，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs。
本发明实施例的装置中，第一检测模块还设置为：当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，向第一发送模块发送第三通知消息；
所述装置还包括：第一发送模块，设置为接收到所述第三通知消息，传输一个数据包；
所述第一判断模块还设置为：继续执行判断是否继续传输的步骤。
本发明实施例的装置中，第一检测模块设置为：检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第一产生模块发送第一通知消息；先对非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；或者，先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，则向第一判断模块发送第二通知消息。
参见图14，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第二检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息；
第二产生模块，设置为接收到第四通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第二判断模块，设置为接收到第五通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第二判断模块、第二检测模块和第二产生模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二判断模块还设置为：判断所述随机回退值是否等于0，如果是，则向所述第二检测模块发送第六通知消息；
所述第二检测模块设置为：检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；接收到第六通知消息，检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二判断模块还设置为：判断出所述随机回退值不等于0，向所述第二检测模块发送第七通知消息；
所述第二检测模块还设置为：接收到所述第七通知消息，执行所述检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二检测模块设置为：检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则先对非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；或者，先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检测到空闲，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二检测模块还设置为：检测到所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内忙，继续执行检测所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
参见图15，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第三检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第三产生模块发送第八通知消息；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第三判断模块发送第九通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
第三产生模块，设置为接收到第八通知消息，产生随机回退值；其中，产生的随机回退值大于或等于1，且小于或等于q，q为竞争窗的大小；
第三判断模块，设置为接收到第九通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值 是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第三判断模块、第三检测模块和第三产生模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
参见图16，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第四检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第四产生模块发送第十通知消息；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第四判断模块发送第十一通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
第四产生模块，设置为接收到第十通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第一计算模块，设置为将随机回退值加1；
第四判断模块，设置为接收到第十一通知消息，继续执行判断加1后的随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第四判断模块、第四检测模块、第四产生模块和第一计算模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
参见图17，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第五检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则向第五产生模块发送第十二通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第五判断模块发送第十三通知消息；
第五产生模块，设置为接收到第十二通知消息，产生随机回退值；
第五判断模块，设置为接收到第十三通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
其中，第五判断模块、第五检测模块和第五产生模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集 成电路实现。
本发明实施例提出了八种方式实现先听后说的过程，其描述如下。
方式一
基于图1示意的流程图，设置初始CCA阶段中的延时周期的时长为(16+n*9)us时，那么设置扩展CCA中的延时周期的时长为(16+(n+k)*9)us(这里仅仅表示时长，不区分n个9us的CCA时隙(slot)与16us的CCA检测的前后顺序)。其中，n为正整数，k为0或正整数。
针对n等于1时，设置扩展CCA中的延时周期的时长时，配置k仅为1。这样就可以克服图1中，站点初次发送数据之前(或者是获得非授权载波使用权之前)，非授权载波中的空闲时长不低于34us的需求。如果不如此设置，那么在下面情况下，会出现站点不满足上述条件的情况。例如，延时周期的n配置为1，那么站点执行初始CCA时，一个时隙的CCA检测为忙，则站点进入扩展CCA阶段，随机产生回退值N，恰好N＝0，然后执行延时周期的CCA检测，此时如果延迟周期的CCA检测为空闲，则站点就会获得非授权载波的使用权。此时站点经历的非授权载波空闲的总时长为延时周期空闲的时长，为(16+1*9)us(即25us)。采用上述的参数配置后，那么站点的流程没有变化，但是由于扩展CCA阶段的延时周期的时长为(16+(1+1)*9)us(即34us)，所以此时站点经历的非授权载波空闲的总时长为延时周期空闲的时长，为(16+(1+1)*9)us(即34us)。满足上述要求，从而保证了LAA系统与WiFi系统竞争的公平性。
上述设置可以总是存在，不管n是否为1。或者，上述设置也可以仅仅针对n为1的情况设置。如此，当n为大于1时，站点允许设置扩展CCA中的延时周期中的k为0或1。
方式二
要解决的问题见方式一中的描述。
基于图1，站点执行扩展CCA阶段时，限制N的产生范围为[1，q]。这样就避免了N被随机产生为1的情况，也可以克服上述问题。为了不影响从其他入口进入扩展CCA阶段的影响，可以是，当站点从非初始CCA进入扩 展CCA阶段时，站点随机产生N的范围为[0，q-1]，从初始CCA进入扩展CCA阶段的限制N的产生范围为[1，q]。也可以针对所有进入扩展CCA阶段，都限制N的取值范围为[1，q]。
方式三
仍然是基于图1。对于站点产生随机回退N值之后，站点执行N＝N+1，然后使用新的N值作为随机回退的N值。同样地，站点也被允许，当站点从非初始CCA进入扩展CCA阶段时，站点限制N的产生范围为[0，q-1]，且不执行N＝N+1。同样地，当站点从初始CCA阶段进入扩展CCA阶段时，站点限制N值的产生范围为[0，q-1]，且执行N＝N+1。
方式四
参考图10，基于图1，方式四对于图1中的初始CCA阶段进行了修改。
站点从是否发送数据开始，如果需要发送数据，站点执行一个CCA时隙的检测；
当检测为空闲，则进入延时周期CCA检测，如果延时周期CCA检测为空闲，则站点开始发送数据；如果延时周期CCA检测为忙，则站点进入扩展CCA阶段。
当检测为忙，则站点进入扩展CCA阶段。
其他流程可以参考图1。
相对于图1的流程，当初始CCA阶段的一个CCA slot检测为空闲时，在方式四中，站点只需要再执行一个延时周期CCA检测就可以进入扩展CCA阶段，而图1中，站点执行一个延时周期CCA检测后，还需要再执行一个CCA slot检测才能判断是否可以进入扩展CCA阶段。可见，方式四的速度更快，这个特性将在非授权负载较重的情况，能获得更大增益。
方式五
仍然是基于图1的流程进行修改，主要是针对扩展CCA阶段，克服方式一中提到的问题。
参考图11，基于图1，在站点进入扩展CCA阶段，站点产生随机回退的N值，判断N是否为0，
当N＝0时，站点执行一个CCA时隙(slot)检测，当检测为空闲时，站点进入延时周期CCA检测；当检测为忙时，站点继续执行所述一个时隙的CCA检测。
当N为非0时，站点进入延时周期CCA检测。
上述方式针对站点从初始CCA进入扩展CCA阶段。也可以适用于其他方式进入扩展CCA阶段。但是对于其他方式进入扩展CCA阶段，可选地，当站点从非初始CCA阶段进入扩展CCA时，站点产生随机回退的N值后直接进入延时周期CCA检测(该流程未在图7中示意出)。
其他流程可以参考图1。
采用该流程后，可以克服方式一中提到的问题。
方式六
参考图12，基于图1，站点进入扩展CCA阶段，站点产生随机回退的N值，站点执行一个CCA时隙的检测，当检测为空闲时，站点进入延时周期CCA检测。当检测为忙时，站点重复执行所述一个CCA时隙的检测。
上述方式针对站点从初始CCA进入扩展CCA阶段。也可以适用于其他方式进入扩展CCA阶段。但是对于其他方式进入扩展CCA阶段，可选地，当站点从非初始CCA阶段进入扩展CCA时，站点产生随机回退的N值后直接进入延时周期CCA检测(该流程未在图8中示意出)。
其他流程可以参考图1。
方式六中，相对于方式一，可以缩短站点的检测时间。例如，图1中，站点在随机回退N值产生后，直接执行延时周期CCA检测，一个延时周期时长为(16+n*9)us，站点需要检测最长(16+n*9)us后才能得出是否空闲，或者至少需要执行16us的检测才能得出空闲，从而决定是否进入下一个环节。方式六中，只需要执行一个CCA slot(9us)的检测就可以得出是否空闲，从而决定是否进行下一个环节。方式六可以提前得出是否进入下一个环节的结论，所以可以缩短整个检测的时间，从而间接提升频谱效率。
方式六也可以克服方式一中提到的问题。
方式七
扩展CCA中的延时周期CCA时长为(16+n*9)us。对于方式七中，基于方式六的流程结构(图8)时，方式7中站点配置将延时周期CCA时长减少一个9us的CCA slot，此时减少的一个9us的CCA slot可以认为是被放置在延时周期之前的一个CCA slot替代了。
方式七具有方式六缩短检测时间的特点。
其他流程可以参考图1。
方式八
将扩展CCA中的延时周期定义为由(n*9+16)us，其中，9代表一个CCA slot，16代表一个16us的CCA检测。这样，扩展CCA中的延时周期CCA检测就变为：先执行n个CCA slot，如果都空闲，再执行一个16us的CCA检测，如果空闲，那么整个延时周期CCA检测为空闲。如果任意一个CCA slot检测为忙，则可以认为本次延时周期CCA检测为忙。
方式八直接采用图1的流程。这样方式八也可以实现缩短检测时间的效率。
在不冲突的情况下，前述方式一至方式八可以联合使用。
实施例一
一种延时周期的结构。该结构由n个连续的9us的CCA slot，之后是一个16us的CCA检测组成。
当站点检测n个slot为空闲且16us的CCA检测空闲时，延时周期CCA检测为空闲。当站点检测任意一个CCA slot为忙时，则站点认为本次延时周期CCA检测为忙。此时站点可以立即开始下一个CCA slot检测。也就是说，当站点能够判断出正在检测的CCA slot为忙时，站点将立即执行下一个CCA slot检测，从而缩短时间。
实施例二
基于图1，扩展CCA阶段的延时周期和初始CCA阶段的延时周期中配置都是按照16us+n*9us的结构进行的。本实施例中，提出了对于扩展CCA阶段的延时周期内部进行修改。例如，此时的延时周期中的配置按照n*9us+16us的结构进行。其余未尽流程仍然使用图1。其中，n*9us表示有n 个9us的CCA slot，16us表示执行一个时长为16us的CCA检测。
这样就实现了上述的方式八，有利于缩短整个先听后说的检测时间，节约的时间可以用来传输数据，从而提升频谱效率。
实施例三
基于图1，当站点配置或选择初始CCA阶段的延时周期时长为16us+9us的CCA检测时，那么站点对应地配置或选择扩展CCA阶段的延时周期时长为16us+9us+9us的CCA检测时长。且可以仅针对站点随机产生的N值为0时使用(其他N值也可以使用，N＝0时效率最好)。其余的步骤仍然沿用图1。
如果站点配置或选择初始CCA阶段的延时周期时长为16us+9us+9us，那么站点对应地配置或选择扩展CCA阶段的延时周期为16us+9us+9us(这个由于n为非1，所以可以配置等于初始CCA阶段的延时周期的时长)或者16us+9us+9us+9us(这个总是保持比初始CCA阶段的延时周期长9us)。
这样就可以实现方式一的目的。
本申请还提供一个为自适应调整LBT竞争窗大小的计数规则。
基本思路是，站点执行LBT期间，当一个时隙没有被观测时，站点对于该时隙按照时隙内非授权载波为非空闲(即忙)。
其中，当站点计算调整LBT竞争窗大小的参数时，该时隙为忙的状态不作为所述参数增减的依据。
其中，所述参数为：忙的时隙的数量，或忙的周期的数量。
忙的周期的定义为：在两个空闲时隙之间且非授权载波被检测为忙的时间总量(The total amount of time between two idle slots during which the medium is determined to be busy)，或者一个等效的定义为：一组连续为忙的CCA时隙。
当站点计算调整LBT竞争窗大小的参数时，该时隙为忙的状态不作为所述参数增减的依据，包括：对于参数为忙的时隙的数量时，该时隙不计算为忙的时隙，忙的时隙的数量不增加或不减少；对于参数为忙的周期的数量时，该时隙不计算为忙的周期或忙的周期的一部分。
该时隙作为站点观测窗内的一个CCA时隙存在，计算在CCA时隙的数量中。或者，该时隙不作为观测窗内的一个CCA时隙，不计算在CCA时隙的数量中。或者，该时隙的时长不作为观测窗的一部分时长。
计算竞争回退窗大小的计算公式可以包括：
方式1：度量量＝忙的周期的数量；
方式2：度量量＝忙的周期的数量/CCA时隙的数量；
方式3：度量量＝忙的时隙的数量；
方式4：度量量＝忙的时隙的数量/CCA时隙的数量；
方式5：度量量＝时隙的数量；
方式6：度量量＝忙的累积时长；
方式7：度量量＝忙的累积时长/观测窗的时长；
方式8：度量量＝闲的累积时长；
方式9：度量量＝闲的累积时长/观测窗的时长。
忙的累积时长包括指定时间段内，非授权载波为忙的时间的累加。此时上述的未被观测而认为是忙的时隙不被累加。
闲的累积时长包括执行时间段内，非授权载波为闲的时间的累加。
度量量为一个预定的门限值，为常数，或为与随机回退N值相关的，或者为与当前竞争窗窗长相关的。当度量量大于门限值时，竞争窗调大。当度量量小于门限值时，竞争窗调小或恢复到初始竞争窗大小。
当站点根据业务的QoS(Quality of Service，服务质量)等级确定LBT对应的优先级后，如果站点使用该优先级对应的参数，例如最小竞争回退窗连续k次未获得非授权载波使用权，则站点可以使用更高一级的LBT优先级参数来竞争下一次非授权载波的使用权。可选地，k的取值为3。
当站点根据业务的QoS等级确定LBT对应的优先级后，如果站点使用该优先级连续k次获得非授权载波使用权，且每一次获得使用权都是直接的初始CCA阶段(基于cat4类型)获取到非授权载波的使用权。则站点可以使用更高一级的LBT优先级参数来竞争下一次非授权载波的使用权。可选地， k的取值为2。
当站点传输发现信号(DRS)，且同时传输PDSCH(Physical Downlink Shared Channel，物理下行共享信道)时，站点应该选择数据突发(burst)中最高的LBT的优先级对应的参数来执行先听后说机制。例如，站点计划传输的burst中包括DRS和PDSCH，那么站点选择两者中最高的QoS对应的LBT优先级来抢占非授权载波。例如，DRS所在的子帧中还需要传输部分控制信息或PDSCH时，站点选择其中的、对应的具有最高的LBT优先级的参数来执行LBT。
针对一个将传输burst中包括不同的物理信道时，站点选择最高的QoS的物理信道对应的LBT优先级的参数来执行LBT；或者站点选择不同物理信道中对应的最高的LBT优先级的参数来执行LBT。
一种LBT流程中的自延迟处理机制，用于改进相关的流程。
在图1中，在扩展CCA阶段，存在“什么都不做”(do nothing)处理，结合图1，可以发现，其主要特点是站点执行CCA slot检测，当检测结果为空闲，但是随机回退的N值不递减。这种方式可能存在下面的风险或问题。
在站点经常保持执行图1的流程为竞争非授权载波，但是总是在随机回退值N递减为较小的某一数值时，例如N＝1，一直执行do nothing，直到有数据到达来继续执行N的递减，从而实现快速地、高概率地获得非授权载波使用权，而发送数据目的。但是可以想一下，如果do nothing处理不加以限制使用，所有的站点都按照上述的方式获得非授权载波的使用权。那么必然引起站点之间的竞争冲突，即多个邻近站点同时获得使用权，形成彼此干扰。这与随机回退机制的引入先听后说的目的有一些冲突。为了克服或减轻上述问题的出现，可以使用下面的方法。
方式1：站点的缓存区(buffer)中有数据待发送时，站点执行图1流程时，站点允许执行自延迟机制。
方式2：站点在单次执行图1中的LBT机制为竞争非授权载波使用权时，执行自延迟处理的次数不能超过预定门限。预定门限为执行LBT时随机产生的N值；或者是N值的函数，例如N/2、N/3(非整数时取整)等；或者执行LBT时竞争窗的大小L，或者L值的函数，例如L/2、L/3(非整数时取整) 等。
方式3：自延时处理仅在站点为多载波聚合时、频率重用目的、上行多用户复用时的非授权载波竞争时使用。
方式4：当站点执行LBT时，产生的随机回退N值大于预设门限值允许使用自延时处理。预设门限为常值，或者预定门限为执行LBT时竞争窗的大小L值的函数，例如L/2、L/3(非整数时取整)等。
方式5：站点只有数据到达时(buffer中有数据)，站点才能够执行先听后说机制竞争非授权载波。其中，站点判断buffer中有数据的行为为：Mac(Media Access Control，媒体访问控制)层通知或触发物理层，有数据到达，且时间点为t0。物理层从t0或t0+t1的时刻点为起点开始执行LBT流程。参考图1，例如起点为t0，那么第一个CCA slot的时间位置为t0+9us(t0为起点，持续时长为9us)，如果检测空闲，则延时周期的时间位置为t0+9us+(16+n*9)us(t0+9us为起点，(16+n*9)us为持续时间)。不管检测结果为忙或闲，每一个CCA slot或延时周期的时间位置都是可以预定的。之后的CCA slot或延时周期的时间位置以此类推。
方式6：当站点(UE侧)获得确定计划发送时间时，站点才能够执行流程图1为竞争非授权载波。例如，UE接收到基站的上行授权信息后，可以根据接收上行授权信息确定上行数据的发送时刻点，那么UE可以在接收到上行授权信息后执行先听后说机制，且允许在数据发送时刻点之前执行自延时功能。
如图18所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果计算度量量；判断出计算得到的度量量大于预设门限，将竞争窗调大，并采用调大后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
其中，将竞争窗调大可以但不限于是翻倍调大、或按指数增长、或线性增长等。
其中，当判断出计算得到的度量量小于或等于预设门限时，将竞争窗调小或将竞争窗调为最小值，并采用调小后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
其中，将竞争窗调小可以但不限于是翻倍调小、或按指数减小、或线性减小等。
其中，根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果计算度量量包括：
确定度量量为检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量，或预设周期为CCA时隙的数量，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量，或检测结果为忙的累积时长，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长；
或检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量和观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量和观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙的累积时长和观测窗的时长之间的比值，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长和观测窗的时长之间的比值。
其中，检测结果为忙的预设周期可以是检测结果为忙的相邻的每个CCA时隙和/或16μs的时间。
其中，检测结果为忙的累积时长是指观测窗内检测结果为忙的累积时长，检测结果为空闲的累积时长是指观测窗内检测结果为空闲的累积时长。
其中，观测窗是指站点开始竞争到竞争到非授权载波所经历的时间。
可选地，还可以根据业务的服务质量等级确定先听后说的优先级别，采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数实现先听后说的过程；判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数中的最小竞争窗连续k1次未获得非授权载波，或判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数连续k2次在初始CCA阶段获得非授权载波，将先听后说的优先级别调高，其中，k1，k2为大于或等于1的整数。
其中，可以但不限于将先听后说的优先级别确定为业务的服务质量等级。
其中，先听后说的优先级别对应的参数包括竞争窗的最大值、竞争窗的最小值和n。
可选地，还可以判断出传输发现信号DRS，将先听后说的优先级别调整为最高优先级别。
可选地，还可以判断出同时传输不同的物理信道，将先听后说的优先级别调整为服务质量等级最高的物理信道对应的优先级别。
如图19所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第二计算模块，设置为根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果计算度量量；
第六判断模块，设置为判断出计算得到的度量量大于预设门限，向调整模块发送第十五通知消息；
调整模块，设置为接收到第十五通知消息，将竞争窗调大，并采用调大后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
其中，第二计算模块、第六判断模块和调整模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
本发明实施例的装置中，第六判断模块还设置为：判断出计算得到的度量量小于或等于预设门限，向调整模块发送第十六通知消息；
调整模块还设置为：接收到第十六通知消息，将竞争窗调小或将竞争窗调为最小值，并采用调小后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二计算模块设置为：
确定度量量为检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量，或预设周期为CCA时隙的数量，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量，或检测结果为忙的累积时长，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长；
或检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量和观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量和观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙的累积时长和观测窗的时长之间的比值，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长和观测窗的时长之间的比值。
本发明实施例的装置中，该装置还包括：确定模块，设置为根据业务的服务质量等级确定先听后说的优先级别，采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数实现先听后说的过程；
第六判断模块还设置为：判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数中的最小竞争窗连续k1次未获得非授权载波，或判断出采用确定出的优先级别对 应的参数连续k2次在初始CCA阶段获得非授权载波，向调整模块发送第十七通知消息；其中，k1，k2为大于或等于1的整数；
调整模块还设置为：接收到第十七通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调高。
其中，确定模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
本发明实施例的装置中，第六判断模块还设置为：判断出传输发现信号DRS，向调整模块发送第十八通知消息；
调整模块还设置为：接收到第十八通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调整为最高优先级别。
本发明实施例的装置中，第六判断模块还设置为：判断出同时传输不同的物理信道，向调整模块发送第十九通知消息；
调整模块还设置为：接收到第十九通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调整为服务质量等级最高的物理信道对应的优先级别。
如图20所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
判断出缓存区中有数据待发送，或在多载波聚合或频率重用或上行多用户复用时进行非授权载波竞争时，或判断出产生的随机回退值大于或等于预设门限值，或判断出数据到达，或获得确定的发送数据的时间后，允许执行自延迟机制。
其中，如何判断缓存区中是否有数据待发送属于本领域技术人员的公知技术，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，这里不再赘述。
其中，可以通过媒体访问控制(MAC，Media Access Control)层向物理层发送通知消息的方式来判断数据是否到达，当物理层接收到通知消息时，判断出数据到达，当物理层未接收到通知消息时，判断出数据未到达。
其中，基站可以通过上行授权信息向终端发送数据的发送时刻。
其中，还可以限定执行自延迟机制的次数小于或等于预设门限值。
其中，预设门限值可以是产生的随机回退值，或随机回退值的函数(如 N/2，N/3等)，或竞争窗的大小q，或竞争窗的大小的函数(如q/2，q/3等)。
其中，自延迟机制是指图1中步骤107和步骤108中在N等于1后不再将N的值减去1，也不进行检测，即什么也不做。
通过上述方法，通过限制每个站点执行自延迟机制的次数，减少了站点之间的竞争冲突的可能性。
如图21所示，本发明实施例还提出了一种实现先听后说的装置，至少包括：
第七判断模块，设置为判断出缓存区中有数据待发送，或在多载波聚合或频率重用或上行多用户复用时进行非授权载波竞争时，或判断出产生的随机回退值大于或等于预设门限值，或判断出数据到达，或获得确定的发送数据的时间后，向执行模块发送第二十通知消息；
执行模块，设置为接收到第二十通知消息，允许执行自延迟机制。
其中，第七判断模块和执行模块的功能可以是通过处理器执行存储在存储器中的程序/指令实现，还可以通过固件/逻辑电路/集成电路实现。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图2所示实施例的实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图3所示实施例的实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图4所示实施例的实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图5所示实施例的实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图6所示实施例的实现先听后说的 方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图18所示实施例的实现先听后说的方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现图20所示实施例的实现先听后说的方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序来指令相关硬件(例如处理器)完成，所述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，如只读存储器、磁盘或光盘等。可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现。相应地，上述实施例中的模块/单元可以采用硬件的形式实现，例如通过集成电路来实现其相应功能，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现，例如通过处理器执行存储于存储器中的程序/指令来实现其相应功能。本发明实施例不限制于任何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
需要说明的是，以上所述的实施例仅是为了便于本领域的技术人员理解而已，并不用于限制本申请的保护范围，在不脱离本申请的发明构思的前提下，本领域技术人员对本申请所做出的任何显而易见的替换和改进等均在本申请的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本申请实施例提供一种实现先听后说的方法及装置，提高了与WiFi系统竞争的公平性。

Claims (44)

  1. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    站点检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；
    所述站点检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]微秒μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤；其中，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点传输一个数据包，并继续执行判断是否继续传输的步骤。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，当所述n大于1时，所述k等于0或1。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述站点检测到非授权载波在第一延时周期内空闲包括：
    所述站点先对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；
    或者，所述站点先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲。
  6. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    站点检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内 是否空闲；如果否，则产生随机回退值；
    所述站点检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，在所述站点检测到非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲之前，该方法还包括：
    所述站点判断所述随机回退值是否等于0，当判断出所述随机回退值等于0时。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，当所述站点判断出所述随机回退值不等于0时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点执行所述检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其中，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)微秒μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，所述第三延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n-1)]μs；
    所述站点检测到非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内空闲包括：
    所述站点先对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；
    或者，所述站点先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检测到空闲。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，当所述站点检测到所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内忙时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点继续执行检测所述非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
  11. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    站点检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内 是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；其中，产生的随机回退值大于或等于1，且小于或等于q，q为竞争窗的大小；
    所述站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)微秒μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，当所述站点判断出继续传输数据包时，所述随机回退值大于或等于0且小于或等于(q-1)。
  13. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    站点检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；
    所述站点将随机回退值加1；
    所述站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断加1后的随机回退值是否等于0的步骤；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)微秒μs，n为大于或等于1的整数。
  14. 根据权利要求6或11或13所述的方法，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点传输一个数据包，并判断是否继续传输，如果否，则继续执行判断是否有数据需要发送的步骤。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，当所述站点判断出继续传输数据包时，该方法还包括：
    所述站点产生所述随机回退值，检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲，继续执行所述判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  17. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    站点检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则产生随机回退值；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)微秒μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
    所述站点检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  18. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第一检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第一产生模块发送第一通知消息；检测非授权载波在第一延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第一判断模块发送第二通知消息，其中，第一延时周期的时长为[16+9×(n+k)]微秒μs，n为大于或等于1的整数，k为大于或等于0的整数，且当n等于1时，k等于1；
    第一产生模块，设置为接收到第一通知消息，产生随机回退值；
    第一判断模块，设置为接收到第二通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述第一检测模块还设置为：
    当检测到所述非授权载波在所述初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内空闲时，检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则继续执行所述检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤；其中，所述第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其中，所述第一检测模块还设置为：
    当检测到所述非授权载波在所述第二延时周期内空闲时，向第一发送模块发送第三通知消息；
    该装置还包括：第一发送模块，设置为接收到所述第三通知消息，传输一个数据包；
    所述第一判断模块还设置为：继续执行判断是否继续传输的步骤。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其中，所述第一检测模块设置为：
    检测非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第一产生模块发送第一通知消息；先对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；或者，先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行(n+k)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果(n+k)次均检测到空闲，则向第一判断模块发送第二通知消息。
  22. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第二检测模块，设置为检测所述非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息；
    第二产生模块，设置为接收到第四通知消息，产生随机回退值；
    第二判断模块，设置为接收到第五通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中，
    所述第二判断模块还设置为：判断出所述随机回退值是否等于0，如果是，则向所述第二检测模块发送第六通知消息；
    所述第二检测模块设置为：检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；接收到第六通知消息，检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测非授权载波在第二延时周期或第三延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置，其中，
    所述第二判断模块还设置为：判断出所述随机回退值不等于0，向所述第二检测模块发送第七通知消息；
    所述第二检测模块还设置为：接收到所述第七通知消息，执行所述检测 非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲的步骤。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中，所述第二检测模块设置为：
    检测所述非授权载波在初始CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第二产生模块发送第四通知消息；检测非授权载波在扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则先对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检到空闲，且再检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲；或者，先检测到所述非授权载波在16μs内空闲，再对所述非授权载波依次执行n或(n-1)次的CCA时隙的检测，如果n或(n-1)次均检测到空闲，则向第二判断模块发送第五通知消息。
  26. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中，所述第二检测模块还设置为：
    检测到所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内忙，继续执行检测所述非授权载波在所述扩展CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲的步骤。
  27. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第三检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第三产生模块发送第八通知消息；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲如果是，则向第三判断模块发送第九通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
    第三产生模块，设置为接收到第八通知消息，产生随机回退值；其中，产生的随机回退值大于或等于1，且小于或等于q，q为竞争窗的大小；
    第三判断模块，设置为接收到第九通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  28. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第四检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果否，则向第四产生模块发送第十通知消息；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第四判断模 块发送第十一通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；
    第四产生模块，设置为接收到第十通知消息，产生随机回退值；
    第一计算模块，设置为将随机回退值加1；
    第四判断模块，设置为接收到第十一通知消息，继续执行判断加1后的随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  29. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第五检测模块，设置为检测非授权载波在初始空闲信道评估CCA阶段的指定CCA时隙内是否空闲，如果是，则检测所述非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果否，则向第五产生模块发送第十二通知消息；其中，第二延时周期的时长为(16+9n)μs，n为大于或等于1的整数；检测非授权载波在第二延时周期内是否空闲，如果是，则向第五判断模块发送第十三通知消息；
    第五产生模块，设置为接收到第十二通知消息，产生随机回退值；
    第五判断模块，设置为接收到第十三通知消息，继续执行判断随机回退值是否等于0的步骤。
  30. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果，计算度量量；
    判断出计算得到的度量量大于预设门限，将竞争窗调大，并采用调大后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，当判断出所述计算得到的度量量小于或等于所述预设门限时，该方法还包括：
    将所述竞争窗调小或将所述竞争窗调为最小值，并采用调小后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的方法，其中，所述根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果计算度量量包括：
    确定所述度量量为检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量，或预设周期为空闲信道评估CCA时隙的数量，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量，或检测结果为忙的累积时长，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长；
    或检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值。
  33. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，该方法还包括：
    根据业务的服务质量等级确定先听后说的优先级别，采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数实现先听后说的过程；
    判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数中的最小竞争窗连续k1次未获得非授权载波，或判断出采用所述确定出的优先级别对应的参数连续k2次在初始CCA阶段获得非授权载波，将先听后说的优先级别调高，其中，k1，k2为大于或等于1的整数。
  34. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，该方法还包括：
    判断出传输发现信号DRS，将先听后说的优先级别调整为最高优先级别。
  35. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，该方法还包括：
    判断出同时传输不同的物理信道，将先听后说的优先级别调整为服务质量等级最高的物理信道对应的优先级别。
  36. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第二计算模块，设置为根据检测非授权载波在观测窗内每个预设周期内是否空闲的检测结果，计算度量量；
    第六判断模块，设置为判断出计算得到的度量量大于预设门限，向调整模块发送第十五通知消息；
    调整模块，设置为接收到第十五通知消息，将竞争窗调大，并采用调大后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其中，
    所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出所述计算得到的度量量小于或等于所述预设门限，向所述调整模块发送第十六通知消息；
    所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十六通知消息，将所述竞争窗调小或将所述竞争窗调为最小值，并采用调小后的竞争窗实现先听后说的过程。
  38. 根据权利要求36或37所述的装置，其中，所述第二计算模块设置为：
    确定所述度量量为检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量，或预设周期为CCA时隙的数量，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量，或检测结果为忙的累积时长，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长；
    或检测结果为忙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙且为CCA时隙的预设周期的数量和所述观测窗内的CCA时隙的数量之间的比值，或检测结果为忙的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值，或检测结果为空闲的累积时长和所述观测窗的时长之间的比值。
  39. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，该装置还包括：
    确定模块，设置为根据业务的服务质量等级确定先听后说的优先级别，采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数实现先听后说的过程；
    所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出采用确定出的优先级别对应的参数中的最小竞争窗连续k1次未获得非授权载波，或判断出采用所述确定出的优先级别对应的参数连续k2次在初始CCA阶段获得非授权载波，向所述调整模块发送第十七通知消息；其中，k1，k2为大于或等于1的整数；
    所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十七通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调高。
  40. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其中，
    所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出传输发现信号DRS，向所述调整模块发送第十八通知消息；
    所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十八通知消息，将先听后说的优 先级别调整为最高优先级别。
  41. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其中，
    所述第六判断模块还设置为：判断出同时传输不同的物理信道，向所述调整模块发送第十九通知消息；
    所述调整模块还设置为：接收到所述第十九通知消息，将先听后说的优先级别调整为服务质量等级最高的物理信道对应的优先级别。
  42. 一种实现先听后说的方法，包括：
    判断出缓存区中有数据待发送，或在多载波聚合或频率重用或上行多用户复用时进行非授权载波竞争时，或判断出产生的随机回退值大于或等于预设门限值，或判断出数据到达，或获得确定的发送数据的时间后，允许执行自延迟机制。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的方法，其中，所述执行自延迟机制的次数小于或等于所述预设门限值。
  44. 一种实现先听后说的装置，包括：
    第七判断模块，设置为判断出缓存区中有数据待发送，或在多载波聚合或频率重用或上行多用户复用时进行非授权载波竞争时，或判断出产生的随机回退值大于或等于预设门限值，或判断出数据到达，或获得确定的发送数据的时间后，向执行模块发送第二十通知消息；
    执行模块，设置为接收到第二十通知消息，允许执行自延迟机制。
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