WO2015133622A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015133622A1 WO2015133622A1 PCT/JP2015/056717 JP2015056717W WO2015133622A1 WO 2015133622 A1 WO2015133622 A1 WO 2015133622A1 JP 2015056717 W JP2015056717 W JP 2015056717W WO 2015133622 A1 WO2015133622 A1 WO 2015133622A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- radiator
- heat
- pressure
- flow path
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/04—Condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/23—High amount of refrigerant in the system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
- F25B2600/111—Fan speed control of condenser fans
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/04—Desuperheaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- Patent Document 1 describes a heat source device including an upstream refrigeration cycle and a downstream refrigeration cycle.
- the water heat exchanger of the upstream refrigeration cycle is connected to the upstream side of the flow path of the heat load medium, and the water heat exchanger of the downstream refrigeration cycle is connected to the downstream side thereof.
- Patent Document 1 since each of the two radiators (water heat exchangers) is provided in a separate refrigeration cycle, high-efficiency operation is possible depending on conditions.
- Patent Document 1 does not describe, for example, that the condensation operation and the supercritical operation can coexist when the refrigerant whose critical temperature is close to the air temperature is used, and the capacity of the radiator. Therefore, there are problems that the compressor efficiency may be deteriorated and that it is difficult to reduce the amount of refrigerant.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus that can improve the operation efficiency and reduce the amount of refrigerant. .
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a first refrigerant circuit and a second refrigerant circuit that circulate refrigerant having the same composition, and the first refrigerant circuit condenses the refrigerant and radiates heat to an external fluid.
- the second refrigerant circuit is provided with a second radiator that radiates heat to an external fluid while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state. Is arranged on the upstream side of the second radiator with respect to the flow of the external fluid, and the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the second radiator is the same as that of the refrigerant flow path of the first radiator. It is smaller than the capacity.
- FIG. 3 is a ph diagram showing the state of refrigerant in refrigerant circuits 11 and 12 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a refrigerant circuit diagram which shows schematic structure of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a ph diagram which shows the state of the refrigerant
- FIG. 1 A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment is used, for example, as a heat source machine that generates hot water by heating water or brine in a refrigeration air conditioner or a hot water supply apparatus.
- FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present embodiment includes a refrigerant circuit 11 and a refrigerant circuit 12 provided separately from the refrigerant circuit 11.
- the refrigerant circuits 11 and 12 circulate the refrigerant independently of each other.
- the refrigerant of the same composition is used for the refrigerant circuit 11 and the refrigerant circuit 12, but different refrigerants may be used.
- the refrigerant an HFC refrigerant, an HFO refrigerant, a CO 2 refrigerant, or the like can be used.
- the refrigerant circuit 11 is provided with a compressor 21, a radiator 31, an expansion device 41, and an evaporator 51 in this order.
- the compressor 21, the radiator 31, the expansion device 41, and the evaporator 51 are connected by refrigerant piping.
- the refrigerant circuit 12 is provided with a compressor 22, a radiator 32, an expansion device 42, and an evaporator 52 in this order.
- the compressor 22, the radiator 32, the expansion device 42, and the evaporator 52 are connected by refrigerant piping.
- the compressors 21 and 22 are fluid machines that suck in and compress a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and discharge it as a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
- the compressor 22 of the refrigerant circuit 12 compresses the refrigerant to a pressure equal to or higher than the critical pressure during normal operation to make it a supercritical state (hereinafter, the supercritical refrigerant is referred to as “supercritical refrigerant”).
- the compressor 21 of the refrigerant circuit 11 compresses the refrigerant to a pressure equal to or lower than the critical pressure in a normal operation to make a high-pressure gas state.
- the pressure of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 21 is lower than the pressure of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 22.
- the radiators 31 and 32 are water heat exchangers that exchange heat between the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 21 and water (an example of an external fluid).
- the radiators 31 and 32 for example, plate heat exchangers in which a plurality of heat transfer plates are stacked are used.
- the radiator 32 of the refrigerant circuit 12 radiates heat to water while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state, and the radiator 31 of the refrigerant circuit 11 condenses the gas refrigerant. It dissipates heat to water.
- the refrigerant pressure when the radiator 32 radiates heat is higher than the refrigerant pressure when the radiator 31 radiates heat.
- the refrigerant temperature during heat dissipation of the radiator 32 is higher than the refrigerant temperature during heat dissipation of the radiator 31.
- the capacity (volume) of the refrigerant channel in the radiator 32 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant channel in the radiator 31.
- the radiators 31 and 32 are plate heat exchangers, for example, the number of heat transfer plates of the radiator 32 may be smaller than the number of heat transfer plates of the radiator 31, The height of each heat transfer plate may be lower than the height of each heat transfer plate of the radiator 31.
- the size relationship in the vertical direction between the radiator 31 and the radiator 32 represents the size relationship of the capacity of the refrigerant flow path (however, it represents the ratio of the capacity of the refrigerant flow path). is not).
- the heat transfer area between the refrigerant and water in the radiator 32 is smaller than the heat transfer area between the refrigerant and water in the radiator 31.
- the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 32 is narrower than the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 31.
- the diameter of the heat transfer tubes in the radiator 32 is smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tubes in the radiator 31.
- the radiators 31 and 32 are connected in series via the water pipe 60. That is, the radiators 31 and 32 are arranged in series with respect to the flow of water (in FIG. 1, the flow direction of the water is indicated by solid arrows).
- the radiator 31 is disposed upstream of the radiator 32 in the flow of water. Since the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 32 is higher than the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 31, the temperature gradient between the refrigerant and water in each of the radiators 31 and 32 can be made uniform by arranging as described above. It is possible to increase the heat exchange efficiency.
- the expansion device 41 decompresses and expands the high-pressure liquid refrigerant into a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and the expansion device 42 expands the high-pressure supercritical refrigerant under reduced pressure to form a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and To do.
- expansion devices 41 and 42 expansion valves, capillary tubes, or the like are used.
- the evaporators 51 and 52 are heat exchangers that evaporate the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant decompressed by the expansion devices 41 and 42 by heat exchange with, for example, outdoor air.
- the critical temperature (59.2 ° C.) of R1123 is lower.
- a refrigerant containing R1123 for example, a single refrigerant of R1123 or a mixed refrigerant containing R1123
- the difference between the critical temperature of the refrigerant and the temperature of the external fluid (in this example, water) becomes small.
- the refrigerant circuit 11 can easily perform the condensation operation and the refrigerant circuit 12 can easily perform the supercritical operation.
- a mixed refrigerant for example, R32, R1234yf, or the like can be used as the refrigerant mixed with R1123.
- the mixing ratio of R1123 in the mixed refrigerant is, for example, 50 wt% or more.
- the operating physical properties are close, so the specifications of the components of the refrigerant circuits 11 and 12 can be made common. Therefore, cost reduction of the refrigerant circuits 11 and 12 is realizable.
- the specifications of the refrigerant storage tank and the refrigerant sealing device can be shared or shared. Therefore, compared to the case where different refrigerants are used in the refrigerant circuits 11 and 12, the facility cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 2 is a ph diagram showing the state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuits 11 and 12 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1a in FIG. 2) is sucked into the compressor 21 and compressed (compression stroke) to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant (point 2a).
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant dissipates heat to water in the radiator 31, and is cooled and condensed (condensation process). Thereby, it becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (point 3a).
- a gas refrigerant having a density of about 100 kg / m 3 undergoes a phase change to a liquid refrigerant having a density of about 1000 kg / m 3 through a two-phase state.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed and expanded (expansion stroke) by the expansion device 41, and becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 4a).
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with air in the evaporator 51 (evaporation process), and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1a).
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1b) is sucked into the compressor 22 and compressed (compression stroke) to become a high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical refrigerant (point 2b).
- the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical refrigerant dissipates heat to water in the radiator 32 (heat dissipation process), and is cooled to become a relatively low-temperature supercritical refrigerant (point 3b). In the heat release process, the temperature of the supercritical refrigerant decreases from about 60 ° C.
- the density of the supercritical refrigerant increases from about 700 kg / m 3 to about 1000 kg / m 3 .
- the pressure of the supercritical refrigerant decreases in the heat dissipation process.
- the low-temperature supercritical refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion device 42 and expands (expansion stroke), and becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 4b).
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the heat exchange with air in the evaporator 52 (evaporation process), and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1b).
- the refrigerant states of the refrigerant circuit 11 and the refrigerant circuit 12 are compared.
- the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (point 2b) after the compression stroke in the refrigerant circuit 12 are both higher than the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (point 2a) after the compression stroke in the refrigerant circuit 11.
- the pressure (pressure at the time of heat radiation) and temperature of the refrigerant (point 2b to point 3b) in the radiator 32 of the refrigerant circuit 12 are the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (point 2a to point 3a) in the radiator 31 of the refrigerant circuit 11. Both are higher than
- the refrigerant density changes from about 100 kg / m 3 to about 1000 kg / m 3
- the refrigerant density is 700 kg / m 3. changes from m 3 about to about 1000kg / m 3.
- the density of the liquid refrigerant after the condensation process and the density of the supercritical refrigerant after the heat release process are approximately the same, but the density of the gas refrigerant before the condensation process and the density of the supercritical refrigerant before the heat release process are greatly different.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 32 of the refrigerant circuit 12 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 31 of the refrigerant circuit 11.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel of the radiator is an average density of all the refrigerants in the refrigerant channel of the radiator.
- the heat radiator 32 in which a relatively high density refrigerant circulates has lower heat transfer performance than the heat radiator 31 in which a relatively low density refrigerant circulates.
- the heat transfer performance can be improved by reducing the capacity of the refrigerant flow path and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- coolant amount of a refrigerating-cycle apparatus can be reduced by making the capacity
- the pressure loss of the radiator 32 through which the supercritical refrigerant flows is smaller than that of the radiator 31 through which the condensed liquid refrigerant flows.
- the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 32 can be further reduced in diameter.
- the diameter of the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 32 the flow rate of the refrigerant in the radiator 32 can be increased, and the heat transfer performance of the radiator 32 can be improved.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 32 can be reduced, and the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced.
- the radiator that radiates heat to the water in the water pipe 60 radiates heat to the water while the refrigerant 31 condenses the refrigerant and radiates heat to the water, and the refrigerant is maintained in a supercritical state. And the radiator 32 to be used. For this reason, the amount of refrigerant can be reduced by reducing the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 32. Moreover, compared with the case of operating in a supercritical state with one refrigerant circuit, the high-pressure side pressure of the refrigerant circuit 11 arranged on the upstream side in the flow of water can be reduced, so that highly efficient operation is possible.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes the refrigerant circuits 11 and 12 that circulate the refrigerant having the same composition, and the refrigerant circuit 11 condenses the refrigerant to external fluid (in this example, A radiator 31 that radiates heat to water) is provided, and the refrigerant circuit 12 is provided with a radiator 32 that radiates heat to an external fluid while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the heat radiator 32 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the heat radiator 31.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes at least one refrigerant circuit (in this example, two refrigerant circuits 11 and 12) for circulating the refrigerant
- the refrigerant circuit includes at least one compressor (this In the example, the compressors 21 and 22), a plurality of radiators (in this example, radiators 31 and 32) that radiate heat to an external fluid (in this example, water), and at least one expansion device (in this example, Expansion devices 41 and 42) and at least one evaporator (in this example, evaporators 51 and 52) are provided, and the plurality of radiators are arranged in series with the flow of the external fluid.
- the pressure at the time of heat radiation of a plurality of radiators is mutually different, and the capacity of the refrigerant channel of a plurality of radiators is mutually different.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 32 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 31.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 31. That is, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment, the capacity of the radiator is smaller as the refrigerant density in the refrigerant flow path is larger.
- the radiator 31 condenses the refrigerant and radiates heat to the external fluid, and the radiator 32 radiates heat to the external fluid while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state. To do.
- FIG. 3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present embodiment has a refrigerant circuit 13 and a refrigerant circuit 14 provided separately from the refrigerant circuit 13.
- the refrigerant circuit 13 is provided with a compressor 23, a radiator 33, an expansion device 43, and an evaporator 53 in this order.
- the refrigerant circuit 14 is provided with a compressor 24, a radiator 34, an expansion device 44, and an evaporator 54 in this order.
- the compressors 23 and 24 of this example both compress the refrigerant to a pressure equal to or lower than the critical pressure to bring it into a high-pressure gas state.
- the pressure of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 23 is lower than the pressure of the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 24.
- Both the heat radiators 33 and 34 condense the gas refrigerant and dissipate heat to water.
- the refrigerant pressure (condensation pressure) during heat dissipation of the radiator 34 is higher than the refrigerant pressure (condensation pressure) during heat dissipation of the radiator 33.
- the refrigerant temperature (condensation temperature) when the radiator 34 radiates heat is higher than the refrigerant temperature (condensation temperature) when the radiator 33 radiates heat.
- the capacity of the refrigerant channel in the radiator 33 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant channel in the radiator 34.
- the radiators 33 and 34 are arranged in series with respect to the water flow.
- the radiator 33 is disposed upstream of the radiator 34 in the flow of water. Since the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 34 is higher than the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 33, the heat exchange efficiency can be increased by arranging as described above.
- FIG. 4 is a ph diagram showing the state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuits 13 and 14 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1c in FIG. 4) is sucked into the compressor 23 and compressed (compression stroke) to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant (point 2c).
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant dissipates heat to water in the radiator 33 and is cooled and condensed (condensation process). Thereby, it becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (point 3c).
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed and expanded by the expansion device 43 (expansion stroke), and becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 4c).
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is heated and evaporated by the heat exchange with air in the evaporator 53 (evaporation process), and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1c).
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1d) is sucked into the compressor 24 and compressed (compression stroke) to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant (point 2d).
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant dissipates heat to water in the radiator 34 and is cooled and condensed (condensation process). Thereby, it becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (point 3d).
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed and expanded by the expansion device 44 (expansion stroke), and becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 4d).
- the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with air in the evaporator 54 (evaporation process), and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1d).
- the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (point 2d) after the compression stroke in the refrigerant circuit 14 are both higher than the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (point 2c) after the compression stroke in the refrigerant circuit 13.
- the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (points 2d to 3d) in the radiator 34 of the refrigerant circuit 14 are both compared with the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant (points 2c to 3c) in the radiator 33 of the refrigerant circuit 13. It is high.
- the heat exchanger 33 performs heat exchange with water on the upstream side (low temperature side), the refrigerant is easily liquefied.
- the ratio of the liquid in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 33 is larger than that in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 34.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 33 of the refrigerant circuit 13 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 34 of the refrigerant circuit 14.
- the heat radiator 33 in which a relatively high density refrigerant circulates has lower heat transfer performance than the heat radiator 34 in which a relatively low density refrigerant circulates.
- the heat transfer performance can be improved by reducing the capacity of the refrigerant flow path and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- coolant amount of a refrigerating-cycle apparatus can be reduced by making the capacity
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes at least one refrigerant circuit (in this example, two refrigerant circuits 13 and 14) that circulates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant circuit includes at least one refrigerant circuit.
- a compressor in this example, compressors 23 and 24
- a plurality of radiators in this example, radiators 33 and 34
- an external fluid in this example, water
- at least one expansion device In this example, expansion devices 43 and 44
- at least one evaporator in this example, evaporators 53 and 54
- the heat dissipation pressures of the plurality of radiators are different from each other, and the refrigerant flow paths of the plurality of radiators are different from each other.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 33 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 34.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 34. That is, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the heat sink having a larger refrigerant density in the refrigerant flow path has a smaller capacity.
- the radiators 33 and 34 both condense the refrigerant and dissipate heat to the external fluid. It is lower than the pressure during heat dissipation.
- the radiators 33 and 34 both condense the gas refrigerant and radiate heat to the water, but both the radiators 33 and 34 radiate heat to the water while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state. It may be a thing.
- the heat exchanger 33 performs heat exchange with water on the upstream side (low temperature side)
- the refrigerant temperature is lower than that of the refrigerant of the radiator 34.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 33 becomes larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 34.
- the heat radiator 33 in which a relatively high density refrigerant circulates has lower heat transfer performance than the heat radiator 34 in which a relatively low density refrigerant circulates.
- the heat transfer performance can be improved by reducing the capacity of the refrigerant flow path and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- coolant amount of a refrigerating-cycle apparatus can be reduced by making the capacity
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 33 is made smaller than that of the radiator 34, thereby The same effect can be obtained.
- Embodiment 3 A refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment has the same refrigerant circuit configuration as in the first and second embodiments or the fourth and fifth embodiments described later, and has a low global warming potential (GWP) as the refrigerant.
- GWP global warming potential
- a high-pressure refrigerant is used.
- the mixed refrigerant for example, R32, R1234yf, or the like can be used as the refrigerant mixed with the low GWP high-pressure refrigerant.
- the mixing ratio of the low GWP high-pressure refrigerant in the mixed refrigerant is, for example, 50 wt% or more.
- R1234yf which has a low GWP and a low pressure, has extremely close thermal properties as a refrigerant to R134a, which is an HFC refrigerant. For this reason, in an automotive air conditioner (car air conditioner) that currently uses the R134a refrigerant alone, performance problems do not become apparent even if the refrigerant is replaced with R1234yf. However, in home and commercial air conditioning equipment or hot water supply equipment using HFC mixed refrigerants R410A and R407C whose boiling point is lower than that of R134a, the operating pressure of R1234yf is low. The amount of circulation needs to be increased.
- the radiator is divided by two refrigerant circuits as in the first or second embodiment, the pressure on the high-pressure side can be easily lowered as compared with the case of operating with one refrigerant circuit. Further, since the increase in the discharge temperature is suppressed even when the discharge temperature is excessively increased, the compressor can be operated with high efficiency.
- FIG. 5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present embodiment has one refrigerant circuit 15 that circulates the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant a low GWP high-pressure refrigerant or a mixed refrigerant thereof may be used as in the third embodiment, or other HFC refrigerant, HFO refrigerant, CO 2 refrigerant, or the like may be used.
- the refrigerant circuit 15 is provided with a compressor 25, a radiator 35, an expansion device 37, a radiator 36, an expansion device 45, and an evaporator 55 in this order.
- the compressor 25, the radiator 35, the expansion device 37, the radiator 36, the expansion device 45, and the evaporator 55 are connected by a refrigerant pipe.
- Two radiators 35 and 36 are connected to the refrigerant circuit 15 in series in the refrigerant flow.
- Compressor 25 compresses the refrigerant to a pressure equal to or higher than the critical pressure to bring it into a supercritical state.
- the radiator 35 is an air heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical refrigerant compressed by the compressor 25 and the indoor air (an example of an external fluid) blown by the indoor fan 38.
- the radiator 35 radiates heat to room air while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state.
- a cross-fin type heat exchanger including a plurality of heat transfer fins stacked on each other and a plurality of heat transfer tubes penetrating each heat transfer fin is used.
- the inside of the heat transfer tube serves as a refrigerant flow path.
- the expansion device 37 expands the supercritical refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 35 under reduced pressure to form a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- an expansion valve or a capillary tube is used as the expansion device 37.
- the radiator 36 is an air heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant decompressed by the expansion device 37 and the indoor air blown by the indoor fan 38.
- the radiator 36 condenses the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and radiates heat to the room air.
- a cross fin type heat exchanger is used as the radiator 36.
- the refrigerant pressure during heat dissipation of the radiator 36 is lower than the refrigerant pressure during heat dissipation of the radiator 35. Further, the refrigerant temperature when the radiator 36 radiates heat is lower than the refrigerant temperature when the radiator 35 radiates heat.
- the expansion device 45 decompresses and expands the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator 36 to form a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- an expansion valve or a capillary tube is used as the expansion device 45.
- the evaporator 55 is a heat exchanger that evaporates the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant decompressed by the expansion device 45 by heat exchange with outdoor air blown by the outdoor fan 56.
- the capacity of the refrigerant channel in the radiator 35 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant channel in the radiator 36.
- the radiators 35 and 36 are cross fin type heat exchangers, for example, the number of rows in the air flow direction of the heat transfer tubes of the radiator 35 is smaller than that of the radiator 36.
- the size relationship in the left-right direction between the radiator 35 and the radiator 36 represents the size relationship of the capacity of the refrigerant flow path (however, it represents the ratio of the capacity of the refrigerant flow path). is not).
- the heat transfer area between the refrigerant and water in the radiator 35 is smaller than the heat transfer area between the refrigerant and water in the radiator 36.
- the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 35 is narrower than the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 31.
- the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube in the radiator 35 is smaller than the tube diameter of the heat transfer tube in the radiator 36.
- the radiators 35 and 36 are arranged in series with the flow of the indoor air blown by the indoor fan 38 (in FIG. 5, the flow direction of the indoor air is indicated by white thick arrows).
- the radiator 36 is disposed upstream of the radiator 35 in the flow of room air. Since the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 35 is higher than the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 36, the heat exchange efficiency can be increased by arranging as described above.
- FIG. 6 is a ph diagram showing the state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 15 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1e in FIG. 6) is sucked into the compressor 25 and compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical refrigerant (point 2e).
- the supercritical refrigerant radiates heat to the room air in the radiator 35 and is cooled to become a relatively low temperature supercritical refrigerant (point 3e).
- This supercritical refrigerant is decompressed and expanded by the expansion device 37, and becomes a high-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 4e).
- This two-phase refrigerant radiates heat to the room air in the radiator 36, and is cooled and condensed. Thereby, it becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (point 5e).
- This liquid refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion device 45 and expands to become a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 6e).
- This two-phase refrigerant is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with outdoor air in the evaporator 55, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1e).
- the refrigerant states of the radiator 35 and the radiator 36 are compared.
- the refrigerant is maintained in a supercritical state (points 2e to 3e).
- the two-phase refrigerant condenses into a liquid refrigerant (points 4e to 5e). Since the refrigerant in the radiator 36 contains gas, the density is relatively low, whereas the refrigerant in the radiator 35 is in a supercritical state, so the density is relatively high. For this reason, the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 35 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 36.
- the heat radiator 35 in which a relatively high density refrigerant circulates has lower heat transfer performance than the heat radiator 36 in which a relatively low density refrigerant circulates.
- the heat transfer performance can be improved by reducing the capacity of the refrigerant flow path and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- coolant amount of a refrigerating-cycle apparatus can be reduced by making the capacity
- the radiator 35 in which the supercritical refrigerant flows is smaller in pressure loss than the radiator 36 in which the condensed liquid refrigerant flows. For this reason, the diameter of the heat transfer tube of the radiator 35 can be further reduced. By reducing the diameter of the heat transfer tube of the radiator 35, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the radiator 35 can be increased, and the heat transfer performance of the radiator 35 can be improved. Further, by reducing the diameter of the heat transfer tube of the radiator 35, the capacity of the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 35 can be reduced, and the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced.
- one refrigerant circuit can have a plurality of pressures during heat radiation.
- the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side in the refrigeration cycle can be made closer to each other, operation with higher efficiency is possible as compared with a refrigerant circuit having only one pressure during heat radiation. This effect increases as the number of radiators divided increases.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes the refrigerant circuit 15 that circulates the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant circuit 15 condenses the refrigerant and dissipates heat to the external fluid (in this example, indoor air).
- a radiator 35 that radiates heat to the external fluid while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state.
- the radiator 36 is upstream of the radiator 35 with respect to the flow of the external fluid.
- the capacity of the refrigerant channel of the radiator 35 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant channel of the radiator 36.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes at least one refrigerant circuit (one refrigerant circuit 15 in this example) that circulates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant circuit includes at least one compressor (in this example).
- the compressor 25 a plurality of radiators (in this example, radiators 35 and 36) that radiate heat to an external fluid (in this example, room air), and at least one expansion device (in this example, the expansion device 37).
- the plurality of radiators are arranged in series with respect to the flow of the external fluid, and the plurality of radiators
- the pressures at the time of heat dissipation of the radiators are different from each other, and the capacity of the refrigerant flow paths of the plurality of radiators are different from each other.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 35 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 36.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 36. That is, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment, as in the first and second embodiments, the capacity of the radiator increases as the refrigerant density in the refrigerant flow path increases.
- radiators 35 and 36 of this Embodiment are arrange
- the radiators 35 and 36 are ventilated by the common indoor fan. It may be arranged in parallel to the flow of indoor air to be arranged, or may be arranged on the flow of indoor air substantially independent from each other blown by separate indoor fans.
- FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that two radiators 35 and 36 are connected in parallel in the refrigerant circuit 16.
- an expansion device 61 is provided on the inlet side of the radiator 36
- an expansion device 62 is provided on the outlet side of the radiator 35.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 25 flows into the radiator 35 as it is.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 25 flows into the radiator 36 after being decompressed by the expansion device 61.
- the refrigerant pressure when the radiator 36 radiates heat is lower than the refrigerant pressure when the radiator 35 radiates heat. Further, the refrigerant temperature when the radiator 36 radiates heat is lower than the refrigerant temperature when the radiator 35 radiates heat.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 35 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path in the heat radiator 36.
- the radiators 35 and 36 are arranged in series with the flow of room air.
- the radiator 36 is disposed upstream of the radiator 35 in the flow of room air. Since the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 35 is higher than the refrigerant temperature of the radiator 36, the heat exchange efficiency can be increased by arranging as described above.
- FIG. 8 is a ph diagram showing the state of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 16 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1f in FIG. 8) is sucked into the compressor 25 and compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure supercritical refrigerant (point 2f).
- a part of the supercritical refrigerant flows into the radiator 35 and the other part flows into the expansion device 61.
- the supercritical refrigerant that has flowed into the radiator 35 radiates heat to the room air, and is cooled to become a relatively low temperature supercritical refrigerant (point 3f).
- the supercritical refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion device 62 and expands to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (point 4f).
- the supercritical refrigerant that has flowed into the expansion device 61 is decompressed and expanded to become a high-pressure gas refrigerant (point 5f).
- the gas refrigerant radiates heat to the room air in the radiator 36, and cools and condenses itself. Thereby, it becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (point 4f).
- This liquid refrigerant merges with the liquid refrigerant decompressed by the expansion device 62, and further decompressed and expanded by the expansion device 45. Thereby, it becomes a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (point 6f).
- This two-phase refrigerant is heated and evaporated by heat exchange with outdoor air in the evaporator 55, and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant (point 1f).
- the refrigerant states of the radiator 35 and the radiator 36 are compared.
- the refrigerant is maintained in a supercritical state (points 2f to 3f).
- the gas refrigerant is condensed into a liquid refrigerant (points 5f to 4f). Since the refrigerant in the radiator 36 contains gas, the density is relatively low, whereas the refrigerant in the radiator 35 is in a supercritical state, so the density is relatively high. For this reason, the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 35 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 36.
- the heat radiator 35 in which a relatively high density refrigerant circulates has lower heat transfer performance than the heat radiator 36 in which a relatively low density refrigerant circulates.
- the heat transfer performance can be improved by reducing the capacity of the refrigerant flow path and increasing the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- coolant amount of a refrigerating-cycle apparatus can be reduced by making the capacity
- the radiator 35 in which the supercritical refrigerant flows is smaller in pressure loss than the radiator 36 in which the condensed liquid refrigerant flows. For this reason, the diameter of the heat transfer tube of the radiator 35 can be further reduced. By reducing the diameter of the heat transfer tube of the radiator 35, the flow rate of the refrigerant in the radiator 35 can be increased, and the heat transfer performance of the radiator 35 can be improved. Further, by reducing the diameter of the heat transfer tube of the radiator 35, the capacity of the refrigerant flow path in the radiator 35 can be reduced, and the amount of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced.
- one refrigerant circuit can have a plurality of pressures during heat radiation.
- the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side in the refrigeration cycle can be made closer to each other, operation with higher efficiency is possible as compared with a refrigerant circuit having only one pressure during heat radiation. This effect increases as the number of radiators divided increases.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes the refrigerant circuit 16 that circulates the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant circuit 16 condenses the refrigerant and dissipates heat to the external fluid (in this example, indoor air).
- a radiator 35 that radiates heat to the external fluid while maintaining the refrigerant in a supercritical state.
- the radiator 36 is upstream of the radiator 35 with respect to the flow of the external fluid.
- the capacity of the refrigerant channel of the radiator 35 is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant channel of the radiator 36.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus includes at least one refrigerant circuit (one refrigerant circuit 16 in this example) that circulates the refrigerant, and the refrigerant circuit includes at least one compressor (in this example). , Compressor 25), a plurality of radiators (in this example, radiators 35 and 36) that radiate heat to an external fluid (in this example, room air), and at least one expansion device (in this example, expansion device 45). , 61, 62) and at least one evaporator (evaporator 55 in this example), and the plurality of radiators are arranged in series with respect to the flow of the external fluid. The heat radiation pressures of the radiators are different from each other, and the refrigerant flow paths of the plurality of radiators are different from each other.
- the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 35 is larger than the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 36.
- the capacity of the refrigerant flow path is smaller than the capacity of the refrigerant flow path of the radiator 36. That is, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the present embodiment, as in the first, second, and fourth embodiments, the capacity of the radiator increases as the refrigerant density in the refrigerant flow path increases.
- radiators 35 and 36 of this Embodiment are arrange
- the radiators 35 and 36 are ventilated by the common indoor fan. It may be arranged in parallel to the flow of indoor air to be arranged, or may be arranged on the flow of indoor air substantially independent from each other blown by separate indoor fans.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus provided with two radiators is taken as an example.
- the present invention can also be applied to a refrigeration cycle apparatus provided with three or more radiators.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus provided with three radiators if the density of the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path is different for each of the three radiators, the larger the refrigerant density, the smaller the refrigerant flow capacity. What should I do.
- Three or more radiators may be provided in parallel or in series with one refrigerant circuit, or may be provided in separate refrigerant circuits.
- an air conditioner dedicated to heating and a heat source unit dedicated to hot water generation operation are given as examples.
- a flow path switching device such as a four-way valve is provided in the refrigerant circuit, and heating operation and cooling operation (hot water generation) The operation and the cold water generation operation) may be switched.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態1に係る冷凍サイクル装置について説明する。本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、例えば、冷凍空調装置や給湯装置において水又はブラインを加熱して温水を生成する熱源機として用いられるものである。図1は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置の概略構成を示す冷媒回路図である。
本発明の実施の形態2に係る冷凍サイクル装置について説明する。図3は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置の概略構成を示す冷媒回路図である。図3に示すように、本実施の形態の冷凍サイクル装置は、冷媒回路13と、冷媒回路13とは別に設けられた冷媒回路14と、を有している。冷媒回路13には、圧縮機23、放熱器33、膨張装置43及び蒸発器53がこの順に設けられている。冷媒回路14には、圧縮機24、放熱器34、膨張装置44及び蒸発器54がこの順に設けられている。
本発明の実施の形態3に係る冷凍サイクル装置について説明する。本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、実施の形態1、2又は後述する実施の形態4、5と同様の冷媒回路構成を有するとともに、冷媒として、地球温暖化係数(GWP)が低く、かつ高圧の冷媒が用いられる。混合冷媒を用いる場合、低GWPの高圧冷媒と混合される冷媒には、例えば、R32、R1234yf等を用いることができる。混合冷媒中の低GWPの高圧冷媒の混合比は、例えば、50wt%以上である。
本発明の実施の形態4に係る冷凍サイクル装置について説明する。本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、例えば、室内空気を加熱して空調空気(温風)を生成する空調装置として用いられるものである。図5は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置の概略構成を示す冷媒回路図である。
本発明の実施の形態5に係る冷凍サイクル装置について説明する。図7は、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置の概略構成を示す冷媒回路図である。図7に示すように、本実施の形態に係る冷凍サイクル装置は、2つの放熱器35、36が冷媒回路16において並列に接続されている点で実施の形態4と異なっている。冷媒回路16において、放熱器36の入口側には膨張装置61が設けられており、放熱器35の出口側には膨張装置62が設けられている。放熱器35には、圧縮機25で圧縮された冷媒がそのまま流入する。一方、放熱器36には、圧縮機25で圧縮された冷媒が膨張装置61で減圧された後に流入する。このため、放熱器36の放熱時の冷媒圧力は、放熱器35の放熱時の冷媒圧力よりも低くなっている。また、放熱器36の放熱時の冷媒温度は、放熱器35の放熱時の冷媒温度よりも低くなっている。
本発明は、上記実施の形態に限らず種々の変形が可能である。
例えば、上記実施の形態では、2つの放熱器を備えた冷凍サイクル装置を例に挙げたが、本発明は、3つ以上の放熱器を備えた冷凍サイクル装置にも適用できる。例えば、3つの放熱器を備えた冷凍サイクル装置において、3つの放熱器のそれぞれで冷媒流路内の冷媒の密度が異なる場合には、冷媒の密度が大きい放熱器ほど冷媒流路の容量が小さくなるようにすればよい。3つ以上の放熱器は、1つの冷媒回路に並列又は直列に設けられていてもよいし、それぞれ別の冷媒回路に設けられていてもよい。
Claims (3)
- 同一組成の冷媒を循環させる第1の冷媒回路及び第2の冷媒回路を備え、
前記第1の冷媒回路には、冷媒を凝縮させて外部流体に放熱する第1の放熱器が設けられており、
前記第2の冷媒回路には、冷媒を超臨界状態に維持したまま外部流体に放熱する第2の放熱器が設けられており、
前記第1の放熱器は、外部流体の流れに対して前記第2の放熱器よりも上流側に配置されており、
前記第2の放熱器の冷媒流路の容量は、前記第1の放熱器の冷媒流路の容量よりも小さいものである冷凍サイクル装置。 - 冷媒を循環させる冷媒回路を備え、
前記冷媒回路には、冷媒を凝縮させて外部流体に放熱する第1の放熱器と、冷媒を超臨界状態に維持したまま外部流体に放熱する第2の放熱器と、が設けられており、
前記第1の放熱器は、外部流体の流れに対して前記第2の放熱器よりも上流側に配置されており、
前記第2の放熱器の冷媒流路の容量は、前記第1の放熱器の冷媒流路の容量よりも小さいものである冷凍サイクル装置。 - 冷媒として、R1123を含む冷媒が用いられている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15758593.6A EP3118541B1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-03-06 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
US15/120,807 US9970693B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-03-06 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
CN201580012408.3A CN106068427B (zh) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-03-06 | 制冷循环装置 |
JP2016506195A JP6042026B2 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-03-06 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
EP18154965.0A EP3343129B1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-03-06 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/056022 WO2015132966A1 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
JPPCT/JP2014/056022 | 2014-03-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015133622A1 true WO2015133622A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 |
Family
ID=54054798
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/056022 WO2015132966A1 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
PCT/JP2015/056717 WO2015133622A1 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-03-06 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/056022 WO2015132966A1 (ja) | 2014-03-07 | 2014-03-07 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9970693B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP3343129B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6042026B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106068427B (ja) |
WO (2) | WO2015132966A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2019138625A (ja) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
JPWO2020157788A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-10-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
WO2022044168A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
US20220252306A1 (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2022-08-11 | Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP | Series flow chiller system |
WO2022224382A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 二元冷凍サイクル装置 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015115550A1 (ja) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 熱サイクル用作動媒体、熱サイクルシステム用組成物および熱サイクルシステム |
CN107804142B (zh) * | 2017-10-19 | 2023-08-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 一种热泵系统、电动汽车及其热泵控制方法 |
CN114909824A (zh) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-16 | 上海本家空调系统有限公司 | 一种冷凝器并联式压缩式蒸汽机组 |
EP4063762A1 (en) | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-28 | Mitsubishi Electric R&D Centre Europe B.V. | Cascaded heat pump system with low gwp refrigerant |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10176867A (ja) * | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-30 | Toshiba Corp | 空気調和装置 |
JP2004190922A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 熱交換器 |
JP2005214525A (ja) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍機内蔵型ショーケース |
JP2006242480A (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-14 | Sanden Corp | 蒸気圧縮サイクルシステム |
JP2007183078A (ja) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Ebara Corp | 冷凍機及び冷凍装置 |
JP2007198693A (ja) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-09 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | カスケード型ヒートポンプシステム |
JP2009024884A (ja) * | 2005-11-04 | 2009-02-05 | Panasonic Corp | 冷凍サイクル装置および保冷庫 |
JP2009222246A (ja) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-10-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | ヒートポンプ式給湯機 |
JP2009243740A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Fujitsu General Ltd | 冷凍サイクル |
JP2012184893A (ja) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍空調装置 |
WO2014123120A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ヒートポンプ用作動媒体およびヒートポンプシステム |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7024877B2 (en) * | 2003-12-01 | 2006-04-11 | Tecumseh Products Company | Water heating system |
JP4058696B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-28 | 2008-03-12 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | ヒートポンプ給湯システム |
WO2005124221A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2005-12-29 | Quantum Energy Technologies Pty Limited | Heater for heating crude oil |
CN101184963A (zh) * | 2005-03-18 | 2008-05-21 | 开利商业冷藏公司 | 热交换器装置 |
US7765824B2 (en) * | 2006-02-01 | 2010-08-03 | Paccar Inc | Vehicle interior cooling system |
CN101617181B (zh) * | 2006-10-10 | 2012-12-26 | 开利公司 | 具有呈串联逆流布置的双通路热交换器的双回路冷却器 |
JP4999529B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-23 | 2012-08-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 熱源機および冷凍空調装置 |
FR2931222B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-16 | 2014-02-21 | Batignolles Tech Therm | Systeme et procede de vaporisation d'un fluide cryogenique, notamment du gaz naturel liquefie, a base de co2 |
US8132420B2 (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2012-03-13 | Trane International Inc. | Variable evaporator water flow compensation for leaving water temperature control |
JP5229031B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2013-07-03 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 空調機 |
JP5054180B2 (ja) | 2010-11-04 | 2012-10-24 | サンデン株式会社 | ヒートポンプ式暖房装置 |
US9599395B2 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2017-03-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigerating apparatus |
DK2673585T3 (en) * | 2011-02-08 | 2019-03-25 | Carrier Corp | HARDWOOD PLATE HEAT EXCHANGE FOR WATER COOLED HEAT REJECTION IN COOLING CYCLE |
CN103477161B (zh) * | 2011-04-21 | 2016-08-17 | 开利公司 | 具有性能提升的跨临界制冷剂蒸汽系统 |
CN106085363A (zh) | 2011-05-19 | 2016-11-09 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 工作介质及热循环系统 |
-
2014
- 2014-03-07 WO PCT/JP2014/056022 patent/WO2015132966A1/ja active Application Filing
-
2015
- 2015-03-06 EP EP18154965.0A patent/EP3343129B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-06 WO PCT/JP2015/056717 patent/WO2015133622A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-03-06 US US15/120,807 patent/US9970693B2/en active Active
- 2015-03-06 CN CN201580012408.3A patent/CN106068427B/zh active Active
- 2015-03-06 EP EP15758593.6A patent/EP3118541B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-06 JP JP2016506195A patent/JP6042026B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10176867A (ja) * | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-30 | Toshiba Corp | 空気調和装置 |
JP2004190922A (ja) * | 2002-12-10 | 2004-07-08 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 熱交換器 |
JP2005214525A (ja) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍機内蔵型ショーケース |
JP2006242480A (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-14 | Sanden Corp | 蒸気圧縮サイクルシステム |
JP2009024884A (ja) * | 2005-11-04 | 2009-02-05 | Panasonic Corp | 冷凍サイクル装置および保冷庫 |
JP2007183078A (ja) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-19 | Ebara Corp | 冷凍機及び冷凍装置 |
JP2007198693A (ja) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-09 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | カスケード型ヒートポンプシステム |
JP2009222246A (ja) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-10-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | ヒートポンプ式給湯機 |
JP2009243740A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Fujitsu General Ltd | 冷凍サイクル |
JP2012184893A (ja) * | 2011-03-07 | 2012-09-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍空調装置 |
WO2014123120A1 (ja) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-14 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ヒートポンプ用作動媒体およびヒートポンプシステム |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3118541A4 * |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2020157788A1 (ja) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-10-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
JP7086231B2 (ja) | 2019-01-28 | 2022-06-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
JP2019138625A (ja) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
JP7171511B2 (ja) | 2019-05-30 | 2022-11-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
US20220252306A1 (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2022-08-11 | Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP | Series flow chiller system |
WO2022044168A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
WO2022224382A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 二元冷凍サイクル装置 |
JP7471515B2 (ja) | 2021-04-21 | 2024-04-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 二元冷凍サイクル装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3118541B1 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
US20160363354A1 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
US9970693B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
JP6042026B2 (ja) | 2016-12-14 |
CN106068427B (zh) | 2018-12-14 |
CN106068427A (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
EP3118541A4 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
WO2015132966A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 |
EP3343129B1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
JPWO2015133622A1 (ja) | 2017-04-06 |
EP3343129A1 (en) | 2018-07-04 |
EP3118541A1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6042026B2 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP6125000B2 (ja) | 二元冷凍装置 | |
US10605498B2 (en) | Heat pump apparatus | |
JP2011512509A (ja) | 冷媒蒸気圧縮システム | |
JPWO2018029784A1 (ja) | 熱交換器及びこの熱交換器を備えた冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP6888102B2 (ja) | 熱交換器ユニットおよび冷凍サイクル装置 | |
WO2016071955A1 (ja) | 空気調和装置 | |
EP2578966B1 (en) | Refrigeration device and cooling and heating device | |
JP2014102030A (ja) | ヒートポンプ給湯装置 | |
JP6368205B2 (ja) | ヒートポンプシステム | |
US20240027104A1 (en) | Refrigeration cycle apparatus | |
JP6298992B2 (ja) | 空気調和機 | |
JP2013124820A (ja) | 2段式暖房機及び2段式冷房機 | |
JP2012237518A (ja) | 空気調和機 | |
KR102185416B1 (ko) | 냉방 시스템 | |
WO2021106084A1 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP6695034B2 (ja) | ヒートポンプ装置 | |
JP7208577B2 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP7469583B2 (ja) | 空調機 | |
WO2017138052A1 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JPWO2016189810A1 (ja) | ヒートポンプ装置 | |
CN116438413A (zh) | 制冷循环装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15758593 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016506195 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15120807 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015758593 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015758593 Country of ref document: EP |