WO2015104949A1 - 炭化珪素半導体装置および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭化珪素半導体装置および炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a trench gate type silicon carbide semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Insulated gate semiconductor devices such as MOSFETs (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) and IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) are widely used as power switching elements.
- MOSFETs Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors
- IGBTs Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors
- a channel can be formed in a well region by applying a voltage higher than or equal to a threshold voltage to a gate electrode, so that the gate electrode can be turned on.
- a trench gate type semiconductor device in which a trench reaching the drift layer from the surface of the semiconductor layer is formed and the well region on the side surface of the trench is used as a channel has been put into practical use. Thereby, the channel width density can be improved, the cell pitch can be reduced, and the device performance can be improved.
- silicon carbide semiconductor devices are attracting attention as next-generation semiconductor devices that can achieve high breakdown voltage and low loss. Development of silicon semiconductor devices is also underway.
- the trench gate type semiconductor device has a problem that electric field concentration occurs at the bottom of the trench when a high voltage is applied in the off state of the semiconductor device.
- SiC has a high dielectric breakdown strength
- gate insulating film breakdown due to electric field concentration at the bottom of the trench is likely to occur prior to avalanche breakdown in the drift layer, Electric field concentration at the bottom of the trench tends to be a problem.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a silicon carbide semiconductor device capable of suppressing an increase in on-resistance.
- a silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a first conductivity type drift layer made of silicon carbide, a second conductivity type well region formed on the drift layer, and a first conductivity type formed on the well region.
- Source region a gate insulating film formed on the inner wall of the trench penetrating from the surface of the source region to the well region and formed in contact with at least a part of the side surface of the drift layer, and formed in the trench through the gate insulating film
- Gate electrode a second conductivity type protective layer formed on the drift layer, a first conductivity type formed in the drift layer in contact with the side surface of the protective layer and having a higher impurity concentration of the first conductivity type than the drift layer And a depletion suppression layer.
- the depletion suppression layer having a higher impurity concentration of the first conductivity type than the drift layer is formed on the side surface of the protective layer, the extension of the depletion layer from the protective layer in the on state is suppressed, Narrowing of the current path is suppressed. As a result, an increase in on-resistance of the silicon carbide semiconductor device can be suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a first embodiment.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of cell arrangement according to the first exemplary embodiment; FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of cell arrangement according to the first exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a comparative example of the first embodiment.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a first embodiment. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the depletion layer width
- FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram showing an on-current density of a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a comparative example of the first embodiment. It is a distribution map which shows the on-current density of the silicon carbide semiconductor device concerning Example 1 of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a comparative example of the first embodiment.
- 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a first embodiment. It is a graph
- FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram showing an on-current density of a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to Example 2 of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between a gate insulating film electric field strength and a drain voltage of the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment and a comparative example.
- 3 is a graph showing off characteristics of the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment and a comparative example.
- FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing a modification of the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing a modification of the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view showing a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view showing a modification of the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the first embodiment.
- impurity concentration means the peak value of impurities in each region, and when there is a concentration distribution in the impurity concentration of each region, “width” and “thickness” of each region means The width and thickness up to a region where the impurity concentration is half or more of the peak value of the impurity concentration in the region are used.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device includes a substrate 1, a semiconductor layer 20, a gate electrode 10, a source electrode 11, and a drain electrode 12.
- the semiconductor layer 20 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1, and the drain electrode 12 is formed on the back surface of the substrate 1.
- a trench 7 is formed on the surface of the semiconductor layer 20, and a gate insulating film 9 and a gate electrode 10 are formed in the trench 7.
- an interlayer insulating film 16 is formed in a region on the trench 7 so as to cover the gate electrode 10, and a source electrode 11 is formed in the other region.
- the substrate 1 is an n-type silicon carbide semiconductor substrate.
- Semiconductor layer 20 is a semiconductor layer formed by epitaxially growing a silicon carbide semiconductor.
- the semiconductor layer 20 has a source region 3, a well contact region 4, and a well region 5, and another region in the semiconductor layer 20 becomes the drift layer 2.
- the drift layer 2 is an n-type semiconductor layer located on the substrate 1, and is a semiconductor layer having an n-type impurity concentration lower than that of the substrate 1.
- a depletion suppression layer 6 and a protective layer 8 are formed in the drift layer 2.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is an n-type semiconductor layer, and is a semiconductor layer having an n-type impurity concentration higher than that of the drift layer 2.
- the protective layer 8 is a p-type semiconductor layer and is formed to relax the electric field at the bottom surface of the trench 7.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed in contact with the side surface of the protective layer 8 and is formed to suppress the depletion layer extending from the protective layer 8.
- a well region 5 is formed on the drift layer 2.
- the well region 5 is a p-type semiconductor region.
- a well contact region 4 and a source region 3 are formed on the well region 5.
- the well contact region 4 is a p-type semiconductor region and has a higher p-type impurity concentration than the well region 5.
- the source region 3 is an n-type semiconductor region.
- the drift layer 2 below the well region 5 may be provided with a region having an n-type impurity concentration higher than that of the drift layer 2 for current diffusion and suppression of a depletion layer from the well region 5.
- the trench 7 is formed so as to penetrate the well region 5 from the surface of the semiconductor layer 20, more specifically from the surface of the source region 3, and reach the drift layer 2.
- a gate insulating film 9 is formed on the inner wall (bottom surface and side surface) in the trench 7, and a gate electrode 10 is embedded on the gate insulating film 9 in the trench 7.
- a source electrode 11 is formed on the surface of the semiconductor layer 20 so as to be in contact with the source region 3 and the well contact region 4.
- the source electrode 11 is a silicide of a metal such as Ni or Ti and the semiconductor layer 20 and forms an ohmic contact with the source region 3 and the well contact region 4.
- a drain electrode 12 is formed on the back surface of the substrate 1, and the drain electrode 12 is a metal electrode such as Ni.
- protective layer 8 and depletion suppression layer 6 are formed so as to be in contact with the bottom surface of gate insulating film 9. .
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed so as to be in contact with the side surface of the protective layer 8.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is not in contact with the side surface of the gate insulating film 9, and the source region 3, the well region 5, and the drift layer 2 are formed in contact with each other.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 are both in contact with the bottom surface of the gate insulating film 9, but in FIG. 1, the width where the protective layer 8 and the bottom surface of the gate insulating film 9 are in contact is the depletion suppression layer. 6 is larger than the width where the bottom surface of the gate insulating film 9 is in contact.
- the n-type impurity concentration of drift layer 2 is 1.0 ⁇ 10 14 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 , and is set based on the breakdown voltage of the silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- the p-type impurity concentration in the well region 5 is 1.0 ⁇ 10 14 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the n-type impurity concentration of the source region 3 is 1.0 ⁇ 10 18 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the p-type impurity concentration of the well contact region 4 is 1.0 ⁇ 10 18 to 1.0 ⁇ 10 21 cm ⁇ 3. In order to reduce the contact resistance with the source electrode 11, the p-type impurity concentration is higher than that of the well region 5. Concentration.
- the n-type impurity concentration of the depletion suppression layer 6 is higher than the n-type impurity concentration of the drift layer 2 and is 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 or more, 5.0 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or less, more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 17 or more.
- the n-type impurity concentration is within the range, and the depletion layer extending from the protective layer 8 is suppressed.
- the p-type impurity concentration of the protective layer 8 is preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 17 or more and 5.0 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or less.
- the operation of the silicon carbide semiconductor device will be briefly described.
- the conductivity type is inverted in the well region 5, that is, an n-type channel is formed along the side surface of the trench 7.
- a current path of the same conductivity type is formed between the source electrode 11 and the drain electrode 12, so that a current flows.
- the state in which a voltage equal to or higher than the threshold voltage is applied to gate electrode 10 is the ON state of the silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- the state in which the voltage of gate electrode 10 (gate-source voltage) is equal to or lower than the threshold voltage is the off state of the silicon carbide semiconductor device.
- the silicon carbide semiconductor device operates by switching the on state and the off state by controlling the voltage applied to the gate electrode 10.
- 2 to 6 are cross-sectional views showing steps of the method for manufacturing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- a substrate 1 on which an n-type semiconductor layer 20 made of silicon carbide is formed is prepared. More specifically, the n-type semiconductor layer 20 may be formed by epitaxial growth on the substrate 1 which is an n-type silicon carbide substrate. The n-type impurity concentration of the semiconductor layer 20 is formed to correspond to the n-type impurity concentration of the drift layer 2 described above.
- a source region 3, a well contact region 4, and a well region 5 are formed on the upper portion of the semiconductor layer 20 by ion implantation.
- ion implantation for example, N ions are implanted as a donor when forming an n-type region, and Al ions are implanted as an acceptor when forming a p-type region.
- the impurity concentration in each region is formed to have the above-described value.
- the order of forming each region may be changed, and all or some of the regions may be formed by epitaxial growth instead of ion implantation.
- a trench 7 that penetrates the well region 5 from the surface of the source region 3 and reaches the drift layer 2 is formed by reactive ion etching (RIE).
- RIE reactive ion etching
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed by performing n-type ion implantation on the bottom surface of the trench 7.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed using a mask 14 having an opening on the bottom surface of the trench 7 as shown in FIG.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 may be formed by forming the trench 7 as deep as the thickness of the depletion suppression layer 6 and then epitaxially growing it in the trench, or in advance when forming the semiconductor layer 20. It is good also as forming by embedding by epitaxial growth.
- a mask material such as a silicon oxide film is deposited on the side and bottom surfaces of the trench 7, and a sidewall mask 15 is formed by opening a region where the protective layer 8 is formed.
- the sidewall mask 15 may be formed by thermal oxidation of the trench 7. Then, with the sidewall mask 15 formed, p-type ion implantation is performed on the bottom surface of the trench 7 to form the protective layer 8.
- the protective layer 8 is preferably connected to the source electrode 11 through an adjacent cell or the like, and the potential is preferably fixed (grounded).
- a gate insulating film 9 is formed on the bottom and side surfaces in the trench 7, and a gate electrode 10 is formed on the gate insulating film 9 so as to be embedded in the trench 7.
- the source electrode 11 is formed so as to contact the surface of the source region 3 and the surface of the well contact region 4, and the drain electrode 12 is formed on the back surface of the substrate 1.
- the planar arrangement of the cells can be, for example, a stripe shape as shown in the plan view of FIG. 7 or a lattice shape as shown in the plan view of FIG.
- the cells are arranged in a lattice shape, the cells do not have to be aligned, and the cells may be polygons or the corners of the cells may have a curvature.
- the source region 3 and the well contact region 4 are formed in a stripe shape or an island shape, and the well region 5 is formed below the source region 3 and the well contact region 4. Yes.
- the trenches 7 are formed in a stripe shape or a lattice shape so as to be in contact with the side surface of the source region 3, and the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 are formed in the same pattern as the trench 7.
- a termination region 13 is formed on the outer periphery of the cell arrangement region.
- the termination region 13 may be formed by forming a p-type impurity layer on the element surface, or by forming a p-type impurity layer on the bottom surface obtained by etching the trench.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a current path in a silicon carbide semiconductor device according to a comparative example with the present embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a current path in the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 having an n-type impurity concentration higher than that of the drift layer 2 is provided, there is a concern that the electric field in the drift layer 2, particularly the lower portion of the trench 7, increases. Therefore, it is important to provide the depletion suppression layer 6 at the minimum necessary position.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is provided only on the side surface of the protective layer 8, and the side surface of the gate insulating film 9 is in contact with the drift layer 2, so that the electric field applied to the gate insulating film 9 The increase is suppressed.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 between adjacent cells is formed with the drift layer 2 interposed therebetween, for example, as compared with the case where the depletion suppression layer 6 of adjacent cells is integrated. Also, an increase in electric field in the drift layer 2 can be suppressed.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 are both in contact with the gate insulating film 9, but the depletion suppression layer 6 is provided with gate insulation in order to reduce the electric field applied to the gate insulating film.
- the width in contact with the film 9 is preferably smaller than the width in which the protective layer 8 is in contact with the gate insulating film 9 as shown in FIG.
- the concentration of the depletion suppression layer 6 is equal to or higher than the concentration necessary for accommodating the depletion layer extending from the protective layer 8 in the on state in the depletion suppression layer 6, and a high bias is applied to the drain electrode 12 in the off state. It is necessary to set the concentration so that the electric field in the drift layer does not become a high electric field when is applied.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between the depletion layer width of the n-type region and the n-type impurity concentration in a simple pn junction.
- the p-type impurity concentration is 1.0 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 and the voltage is applied perpendicularly to the pn junction.
- the depletion layer width increases as the n-type impurity concentration decreases, and that the depletion layer width begins to increase abruptly when the impurity concentration is lower than about 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 .
- the n-type impurity concentration of the depletion suppression layer 6 is in the range of 1.0 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or less, more preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3 or more. It is said.
- FIGS. 12 to 14 respectively show on-currents relating to the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the comparative example, the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to Example 1 of the present embodiment, and the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to Example 2 of the present embodiment. It is a simulation result of density distribution.
- the current density distribution from the lower end of the source region 3 to several ⁇ m below the protective layer 8 is shown in the vertical direction and from the center of the well contact region 4 to the center of the trench 7 in the horizontal direction.
- the region indicated by black is a region where the current density is low.
- the comparative example is the silicon carbide semiconductor device shown in FIG. 9, and the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to Example 1 has the same depth as that of the comparative example and the trench 7. In the semiconductor device, the depth of the trench 7 is shallower by 500 nm than in the comparative example.
- the region indicated by “A” is a region where the protective layer 8 and the depletion layer extending from the protective layer 8 are combined, and it can be seen that no current flows in this region.
- the on-resistance of the element was 2.4 m ⁇ cm 2 .
- the region indicated by “B” in FIGS. 13 and 14 is a region corresponding to “A” in FIG. 12, and the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed, so that “B” is compared with “B”. "" Shows that the width in the horizontal direction is narrow.
- Example 1 the on-resistance of the element is 2.2 m ⁇ cm 2 , and it can be seen that the on-resistance is reduced compared to the comparative example.
- Example 2 although the trench 7 is formed shallower than the comparative example for the purpose of electric field relaxation in the lower part of the trench, the on-resistance of the element is 2.3 m ⁇ cm 2 , and the trench is formed shallowly. Note that the on-resistance is reduced as compared with the comparative example. That is, by comparing FIG. 12 to FIG. 14, it can be seen that the depletion suppression layer 6 can reduce the on-resistance.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the maximum electric field strength and the drain voltage of the gate insulating films of the comparative example, example 1 and example 2, and FIG. 16 shows the off characteristics of the comparative example, example 1 and example 2. It is a graph which shows (withstand pressure
- Example 1 in which the trench depth is equal to that of the comparative example, as shown in FIG. 15, although the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed, the electric field strength of the gate insulating film is increased, but as shown in FIG.
- the withstand voltage is about 1160 V, which is almost equivalent to the comparative example. That is, by providing the depletion suppression layer 6, it is possible to reduce the on-resistance with substantially the same breakdown voltage.
- Example 2 in which the depth of the trench 7 is reduced, it can be seen that the electric field strength of the gate insulating film is reduced as compared with the comparative example, as shown in FIG. Further, the reduction rate of the electric field strength increases with the increase of the drain voltage, and it has been shown that the effect can be exhibited more when a high bias is applied.
- the breakdown voltage can be improved to about 1240V. That is, in Example 2, the on-resistance is reduced by forming the depletion suppression layer 6, and the electric field under the trench is reduced by forming the trench 7 shallowly, and the on-characteristic (on-resistance) and off-characteristic (withstand voltage) are reduced. It can be seen that both can be improved.
- the planar arrangement of the cells can be a stripe-like or lattice-like arrangement as described above.
- the planar arrangement of the cells is a lattice shape as shown in FIG. 8, since the side surface of protective layer 8 is large, the depletion layer from protective layer 8 has a larger resistance against the on-resistance value of the entire silicon carbide semiconductor device. The ratio of the resistance component generated by elongation increases. Therefore, by applying the present invention to a planar planar arrangement, the effect of reducing on-resistance can be obtained more significantly.
- the protective layer 8 is formed in the drift layer 2 below the trench 7 in order to relax the electric field applied to the gate insulating film 9, but as shown in FIGS.
- the electric field of the gate insulating film 9 may be reduced by providing the protective layer 8 below the well region 5.
- the on-current path may be reduced by the depletion layer from the protective layer 8 and the on-resistance may increase. Therefore, the on-resistance can be reduced by providing the depletion suppression layer 6 on the side surface of the protective layer 8. Can do.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 are formed separately from the well region 5, and in the modification shown in FIG.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protection layer 8 are formed in the well region 5. It extends from. 17 and FIG. 18, the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 are formed by ion implantation from the surface of the source region 3 or the well contact region 4 or when the semiconductor layer 20 is formed. It can be performed by buried formation by epitaxial growth.
- ions are implanted into the bottom surface of the trench 7 to form the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 at the bottom of the trench 7, that is, at least immediately below the trench 7.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 may be formed by ion implantation from the surface of the semiconductor layer 20 before the trench 7 is formed. In this case, the depletion suppression layer 6 may be formed outside the side surface of the trench 7.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 and the protective layer 8 can be formed by ion implantation into the bottom surface of the trench 7. Compared with the formation, the ion implantation depth becomes shallower.
- the energy at the time of implantation is reduced, and defects caused by the implantation are reduced.
- the quality of the interface between the gate insulating film 9 and the semiconductor layer 20 can be improved, and leakage current and the like can be suppressed.
- FIG. FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the second embodiment.
- the configuration of the depletion suppression layer 6 is different from that in the first embodiment, only the difference will be described below.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is partially formed only on the upper part of the side surface of the protective layer 8. That is, the bottom surface of the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed shallower than the bottom surface of the protective layer 8.
- the boundary portion between the bottom surface of the protective layer 8 and the drift layer 2 may be a breakdown point that determines the device breakdown voltage. is there.
- the bottom surface of the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed shallower than the bottom surface of the protective layer 8, the impurity concentration at the boundary portion between the bottom surface of the protective layer 8 and the drift layer 2 that can be a breakdown point. However, it becomes lower than Embodiment 1, and the electric field of a boundary part can be relieved.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the silicon carbide semiconductor device according to the third embodiment.
- the configuration of the depletion suppression layer 6 is different from those in the first and second embodiments, only the difference will be described below.
- the protective layer 8 has the depletion suppression layer 6 partially formed only at the lower part of the side surface. That is, while the protective layer 8 is in contact with the gate insulating film 9, the depletion suppressing layer 6 is not in contact with the gate insulating film 9 and is separated from the gate insulating film 9 via the drift layer 2. ing.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 increases when the depletion suppression layer 6 is provided, in the present embodiment, by providing the depletion suppression layer 6 apart from the gate insulating film 9, An increase in the electric field applied to the gate insulating film 9 is suppressed.
- the depletion layer extending from the protective layer 8 is affected by the gate potential, so that the depletion layer extends less near the gate insulating film 9.
- the width of the depletion layer decreases in the immediate vicinity of the gate insulating film 9.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed apart from the gate insulating film 9 as in the present embodiment, there is little possibility that the on-current path is reduced from the protective layer 8 by the depletion layer, and the depletion suppression is suppressed. If the gap between the layer 6 and the gate insulating film 9 has an appropriate value, the on-resistance does not increase.
- the bottom surface of the depletion suppression layer 6 and the bottom surface of the protective layer 8 are formed to have the same depth, but a configuration as shown in FIG. 21 may be used. That is, similarly to the second embodiment, the bottom surface of the depletion suppression layer 6 may be formed shallower than the bottom surface of the protective layer 8.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed with a density gradation (profile) that decreases gradually or stepwise as it becomes shallower in the vertical direction.
- profile density gradation
- the depletion suppression layer 6 after forming the trench 7 as in the first embodiment, it has a profile that becomes lower as the impurity concentration becomes shallower by ion implantation.
- the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed, or the depletion suppression layer 6 is formed by changing the impurity concentration depending on the depth during epitaxial growth.
- the impurity concentration of the depletion suppression layer 6 becomes lower as it becomes shallower, an increase in electric field strength applied to the gate insulating film 9 on the bottom surface of the trench 7 can be reduced, and an on-current can be reduced.
- the reduction of the path can be suppressed and the on-resistance can be reduced.
- the protective layer 8 is formed with a density gradation in the horizontal direction.
- the profile of the protective layer 8 is such that the concentration decreases from the center of the protective layer 8 toward the side surface, that is, the impurity concentration decreases as the depletion suppression layer 6 is approached.
- ion implantation using the sidewall mask 15 similar to that in the first embodiment can be performed a plurality of times. For example, after performing the first ion implantation using the sidewall mask 15, the sidewall mask 15 having a width wider than the first ion is formed, and further ion implantation is performed in addition to the first ion implantation.
- the impurity concentration at the center can be increased, and the protective layer 8 according to the present embodiment can be formed.
- the width of the depletion layer spreading on the side surface of the protective layer 8 is reduced, and the depletion is performed.
- the thickness of the suppression layer 6 can be reduced, or the impurity concentration of the depletion suppression layer 6 can be decreased. Therefore, the width of the depletion layer from the protective layer 8 can be suppressed while suppressing an increase in electric field strength due to the formation of the depletion suppression layer 6.
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態にかかる炭化珪素半導体装置の構成を説明する。図1は、実施の形態1にかかる炭化珪素半導体装置を示す断面図である。なお、以下の段落において、「不純物濃度」とは各領域における不純物のピーク値を示すものとし、各領域の不純物濃度に濃度分布がある場合において各領域の「幅」や「厚さ」とは不純物濃度が当該領域における不純物濃度のピーク値の半分以上となる領域までの幅や厚さとする。
図19は、実施の形態2にかかる炭化珪素半導体装置を示す断面図である。本実施の形態では、実施の形態1と比較して、空乏化抑制層6の構成が相違するため、当該相違点についてのみ、以下説明する。
図20は、実施の形態3にかかる炭化珪素半導体装置を示す断面図である。本実施の形態では、実施の形態1および2と比較して、空乏化抑制層6の構成が相違するため、当該相違点についてのみ、以下説明する。
本実施の形態では、空乏化抑制層6が縦方向に浅くなるに連れて徐々に、又は段階的に低くなる濃度階調(プロファイル)を持って形成されている。本実施の形態にかかる空乏化抑制層6の形成方法としては、実施の形態1と同様に、トレンチ7を形成した後、イオン注入により不純物濃度が浅くなるに連れて低くなるプロファイルを持つように空乏化抑制層6を形成するか、又はエピタキシャル成長時に深さによって不純物濃度を変化させて空乏化抑制層6を形成する。
本実施の形態では、保護層8が横方向に濃度階調を持って形成されている。そして、保護層8のプロファイルは、保護層8の中央部から側面側に向かって濃度が低くなる、すなわち、空乏化抑制層6に近くなるに連れて不純物濃度低くなるようなプロファイルとする。本実施の形態にかかる保護層8の形成方法としては、実施の形態1と同様の側壁マスク15を用いたイオン注入を複数回行うことで可能となる。例えば、側壁マスク15を用いた第一回目のイオン注入を行った後、第一回目よりも幅の大きい側壁マスク15を形成し、第一回目イオン注入に加えてさらにイオン注入を行うことで、中央部の不純物濃度を高くすることが可能となり、本実施の形態にかかる保護層8を形成することができる。
Claims (12)
- 炭化珪素からなる第一導電型のドリフト層と、
前記ドリフト層上に形成された第二導電型のウェル領域と、
前記ウェル領域上に形成された第一導電型のソース領域と、
前記ソース領域の表面から前記ウェル領域を貫通するトレンチの内壁に形成され、前記ドリフト層に少なくとも側面の一部が接して形成されたゲート絶縁膜と、
前記ゲート絶縁膜を介して、前記トレンチ内に形成されたゲート電極と、
前記ドリフト層に形成された第二導電型の保護層と、
前記保護層の側面に接して前記ドリフト層に形成され、第一導電型の不純物濃度が前記ドリフト層よりも高い第一導電型の空乏化抑制層と、
を備えた炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記保護層は、前記トレンチ下部における前記ドリフト層に形成された、
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記空乏化抑制層は、前記トレンチ下部における前記ドリフト層に形成された、
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記保護層の第二導電型の不純物濃度は5.0x1017cm-3以上であり、かつ、5.0x1018cm-3以下であり、
前記空乏化抑制層の第一導電型の不純物濃度は1.0x1017cm-3以上であり、かつ、5.0x1017cm-3以下である、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記保護層は前記ドリフト層において複数形成され、
前記空乏化抑制層は複数の前記保護層ごとに前記保護層の側面に形成され、
隣接する前記保護層の側面に形成された前記空乏化抑制層は前記ドリフト層を挟み離間している、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記空乏化抑制層の底面は、前記保護層の底面よりも浅い、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記保護層は前記ゲート絶縁膜の底面に接して形成されている、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記空乏化抑制層は前記ゲート絶縁膜の底面に接して形成され、
前記保護層と前記トレンチの底面とが接している幅は、前記空乏化抑制層と前記トレンチの底面とが接している幅よりも大きい、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記空乏化抑制層と前記ゲート絶縁膜の底面との間には、前記ドリフト層が介在する、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし8のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記空乏化抑制層の第一導電型の不純物濃度は、浅くなるに連れて前記空乏化抑制層の底面から表面に向かって低くなる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 前記保護層の第一導電型の不純物濃度は、前記保護層の中央部から側面に向かうに連れて低くなる、
ことを特徴とする請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の炭化珪素半導体装置。 - 第一導電型の炭化珪素半導体層が形成された半導体基板を用意する工程と、
前記炭化珪素半導体層の上部に第二導電型のウェル領域を形成する工程と、
前記ウェル領域の表面に第一導電型のソース領域を形成する工程と、
前記ソース領域の表面から前記ウェル領域を貫通するトレンチを形成する工程と、
前記トレンチ底面に、第一導電型の不純物を注入する工程と、
前記トレンチ内の側面にマスクを形成する工程と、
前記トレンチ内の側面に前記マスクが形成された状態で、前記トレンチの底面に第二導電型の不純物を注入する工程と、
を備えた炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法。
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