WO2015186188A1 - ばら部品供給装置および部品実装装置 - Google Patents
ばら部品供給装置および部品実装装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015186188A1 WO2015186188A1 PCT/JP2014/064713 JP2014064713W WO2015186188A1 WO 2015186188 A1 WO2015186188 A1 WO 2015186188A1 JP 2014064713 W JP2014064713 W JP 2014064713W WO 2015186188 A1 WO2015186188 A1 WO 2015186188A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- component
- image data
- mounting
- components
- bulk
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/02—Feeding of components
- H05K13/028—Simultaneously loading a plurality of loose objects, e.g. by means of vibrations, pressure differences, magnetic fields
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/02—Feeding of components
- H05K13/022—Feeding of components with orientation of the elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
- H05K13/081—Integration of optical monitoring devices in assembly lines; Processes using optical monitoring devices specially adapted for controlling devices or machines in assembly lines
- H05K13/0813—Controlling of single components prior to mounting, e.g. orientation, component geometry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bulk component supply device that supplies a plurality of discrete components and a component mounting device that picks up the discrete components and mounts them on a circuit board.
- An object of the present invention is to allow each of a plurality of parts in a separated state to be picked up satisfactorily.
- the present invention is based on captured image data obtained by imaging a plurality of parts in the same type of loose state, and changes the parts holder for picking up the parts or the parts holder for picking up the parts. Or change the height.
- the loose state means a state in which each posture is arbitrary, and the plurality of parts of the same type means a plurality of parts having the same shape, size, mass, structure and the like.
- Each of the plurality of parts includes a plurality of surfaces having different shapes, but even if the shapes of all of the plurality of surfaces are different from each other, the shapes of some of the plurality of surfaces are the same. It may be.
- the shape of the upward surface may be different from each other, or the height to the upward surface may be different from each other.
- the posture of each of the plurality of components is acquired based on the captured image data and the component holder is changed based on the shape of the upward surface, more components can be picked up. it can.
- the change of the component holder includes replacement of the component holder, positioning of the component holder for picking up the component, and the like.
- the height of the component holder when picking up is changed based on the height to the upward surface, damage to the component holder and damage to the pickup target component can be satisfactorily prevented.
- the component mounting apparatus includes the bulk component supply apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the component mounting apparatus of the said component mounting apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the said bulk component supply apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the component supply unit of the said bulk component supply apparatus. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the component feeder of the said component supply unit. It is a perspective view which shows the state which has a component support member in a back end position in the said component supply unit. It is a perspective view which shows the feeder vibration apparatus of the component scattered state implementation
- (a)-(f) is a diagram showing the shape of a component in a separated state supported by the component support portion in plan view. It is a figure which shows notionally the part data memorize
- FIG. 1 shows a component mounting apparatus (an example of an electronic circuit assembly apparatus) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the component mounting apparatus includes an apparatus main body 10, a circuit board 12 as a circuit base material (hereinafter abbreviated as a board 12), a board conveyance holding apparatus 14, a component supply apparatus 16, and a first embodiment of the present invention. It includes a bulk component supply device 18, a component mounting device 20, imaging devices 22, 24, a control device 26 (see FIG. 17), and the like.
- the circuit base material includes a printed wiring board, a printed circuit board, a base material having a three-dimensional shape, and the like.
- the circuit board is a general term for a printed wiring board and a printed circuit board.
- This component mounting apparatus is configured in the same manner as the electronic circuit assembly apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-253869 except for the part related to the present invention, and the same part will be briefly described.
- the substrate transport and holding device 14 is located at the center in the front-rear direction of the component mounting device, and includes a transport device 30 that transports the substrate 12, a clamp device 32 as a holding device that holds the substrate 12, and the like.
- the substrate transport and holding device 14 transports the substrate 12 horizontally in a horizontal posture and holds the substrate 12 at a predetermined position.
- the transport direction of the substrate 12 (hereinafter abbreviated as the substrate transport direction) is the X direction
- the width direction of the substrate 12 is the Y direction
- the vertical direction or the vertical direction is the Z direction.
- the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are orthogonal to each other.
- the width direction or lateral direction of the component mounting apparatus is the X direction
- the front-rear direction is the Y direction.
- the component supply device 16 is provided in front of the substrate transport and holding device 14, and supplies components by a tray-type component supply device 42 that supplies electronic circuit components (hereinafter abbreviated as components) by a tray 40 and a tape feeder (not shown).
- a feeder-type component supply device is included.
- the bulk component supply device 18 is provided behind the substrate carrying and holding device 14 and will be described later in detail.
- the components supplied by the component supply device 16 and the bulk component supply device 18 include electronic circuit components, solar cell components, power module components, and the like. Electronic circuit components include those having leads and those not having leads.
- the component mounting apparatus 20 includes work heads 50 and 52 and a work head moving device 54.
- the work head moving device 54 includes an X-direction moving device 60 (see FIG. 2), a Y-direction moving device 62, and Z-direction moving devices 64 and 66.
- the work heads 50 and 52 are integrally moved to an arbitrary position in the horizontal plane by the X-direction moving device 60 and the Y-direction moving device 62, and are individually and independently Z-axis by the Z-direction moving devices 64 and 66, respectively. Moved in the direction.
- the work head moving device 54 is configured to be able to move the work heads 50 and 52 within a region from the tray 40 or the like of the component supply device 16 to the component delivery position of the loose component supply device 18.
- Each of the working heads 50 and 52 includes a component holder 70 (see FIG. 2) such as a chuck and a suction nozzle, and is a mounting head that picks up components and mounts them on the substrate 12.
- the imaging device 22 is moved in the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction together with a work head (hereinafter referred to as a mounting head) 50.
- the imaging device 24 is fixedly provided at a portion of the apparatus main body 10 between the substrate transport holding device 14 and the component supply unit of the component supply device 16.
- the bulk component supply device 18 is in a state in which a plurality of components in a separated state, in other words, an arbitrary posture are aligned in a predetermined posture and can be delivered to the component mounting device 20, in other words, the component mounting device 20. Is in a state where it can be received.
- a part or the whole of the bulk component supply device 18 is detachably provided at the rear portion of the apparatus main body 10 behind the substrate transfer holding device 14.
- the bulk component supply device 18 includes a main body 80, a component supply device 82, a component scattered state realization device 84, a component delivery device 86, a component return device 88, and an imaging device 90.
- the component supplier 82, the component scattered state realizing device 84, and the component returning device 88 are assembled to a common frame 94 to form a set.
- this set is referred to as a component supply unit 96.
- a plurality of component supply units 96 (five in this embodiment) are provided, and are provided in the main body 80 in a line in the horizontal direction (X direction).
- the component supplier 82 includes a component storage unit 100 and a component supply unit 102.
- the component accommodating part 100 is provided in the upper part of the component feeder 82, comprises the container shape opened upward,
- the bottom face is comprised by a pair of inclined surface 104,106.
- the inclined surfaces 104 and 106 are inclined so as to approach each other downward, and an opening 108 extending in the vertical direction and extending in the horizontal direction is provided between the lower ends thereof.
- the inclined surface 104 provided on the front side of the component supplier 82 is inclined more gently than the inclined surface 106, and the opening 108 is located at the rear of the component accommodating portion 100.
- the component supply unit 102 includes a component supply surface 110 provided below the component storage unit 100.
- the component supply surface 110 is an inclined surface that is inclined in a downward direction toward the front, and a front end portion that is a front end portion of the component supply surface 110 constitutes a component discharge portion 112.
- the inclination of the component supply surface 110 is gentler than that of the inclined surface 104.
- a plate-like scraping member 114 extending downward from the component supply surface 110 is provided at the front end of the component supply surface 110.
- the dimension of the opening 108 in the front-rear direction is slightly larger than the part to be accommodated.
- the component supplier 82 includes a pair of hooks 120 provided at both ends in the lateral direction at the rear upper end of the component storage unit 100 (one hook 120 is shown in FIG. 4). Is supported from above by a support shaft 122 provided at the upper end of the rear portion of the frame 94, and is supported so as to be rotatable and detachable about a horizontal axis parallel to the horizontal direction (X direction). As shown in FIG. 6, the component supplier 82 is also provided with a plate-like supported portion 124 that protrudes horizontally at the lower part of each front portion of a pair of outer surfaces parallel to the front-rear direction.
- the scraping member 114 is positioned in the vertical plane.
- the type of component supplied by the component supply unit 96 can be changed simply by replacement.
- the component scattered state realization device 84 includes a component support member 150, a component support member moving device 152 that is a relative movement device that relatively moves the component support member 150 and the component feeder 82, and a feeder. And a vibration device 154.
- the component support member 150 includes a component support portion 156 having a longitudinal plate shape and a pair of legs 158.
- the leg portion 158 has a plate shape, and is protruded on both upper and lower sides from the one-plane upper surface 160 of the component support portion 156.
- the component support member moving device 152 includes a slide 164 and a slide drive device 166 (see FIG. 17).
- the slide drive device 166 is configured by a rodless cylinder in the present embodiment.
- the component support member 150 is fixed to the slide 164 at the pair of legs 158, and the slide 164 is guided to the pair of guide rails 168 by the slide driving device 166, and slightly above the lower end of the scraping member 114, the upper surface 160. In parallel, that is, horizontally, in the front-rear direction. Further, the component support member 150 has a component supply position in which the entire upper surface 160 is positioned in front of the component supply unit 82 as shown in FIG. 4 and a front portion thereof below the component supply unit 82 as shown in FIG. And the front end of the upper surface 160 is moved between the retracted position located at the front end of the component feeder 82.
- the feeder vibration device 154 of the present embodiment includes a cam member 180, a cam follower 182, and a stopper 184 that is a rotation limit defining member.
- the cam member 180 has a plate shape and is fixed to one outer surface of the pair of leg portions 158 in parallel in the front-rear direction.
- the cam member 180 is provided with a large number of teeth 190 at equal intervals in a direction parallel to the front-rear direction.
- Each of the plurality of teeth 190 is defined by an inclined surface 192 that is inclined upward toward the rear and a vertical surface 194 that extends downward from the upper end of the inclined surface 192 in the vertical direction.
- the vertical surface 194 constitutes a cam surface 196 in which a large number of irregularities are arranged along a straight line parallel to the front-rear direction.
- the cam member 180 is provided in a part of the component support member 150 in the front-rear direction, and a portion of the upper surface 160 corresponding to the cam member 180 in the front-rear direction is the component support surface 198. Function as.
- the cam follower 182 includes a lever 202 attached to the outer surface of the component supplier 82 by a bracket 200 so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the horizontal direction, and a free end portion of the lever 202 in the horizontal direction. And a roller 204 rotatably mounted about an axis parallel to the axis.
- the lever 202 is biased in a direction in which the roller 204 is directed forward by a torsion coil spring 206 (see FIG. 9) which is a spring member which is a kind of biasing means.
- the stopper 184 is provided on the bracket 200, has a protruding shape, and defines the rotation limit of the lever 202 by the bias of the torsion coil spring 206. In a state in which the rotation limit is defined, the cam follower 182 has a posture protruding downward from the component supplier 82 in the vertical direction as shown in FIG.
- the component returning device 88 includes the scraping member 114, the component recovery container 220, the component recovery container lifting device 222 as a relative lifting device, and a motion conversion mechanism 224.
- the parts collection container lifting device 222 includes a lifting member 226 as a movable member and an air cylinder 228 as a lifting member driving device.
- the air cylinder 228 is disposed upward at a position between the pair of guide rails 168, and the elevating member 226 is moved up and down relative to the component feeder 82 by the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 230.
- the air cylinder 228 is fixed to the front end portion of the slide 164, and the elevating member 226 is moved in the front-rear direction together with the component support member 150.
- the component collection container 220 is attached to the elevating member 226 by a shaft 232 so as to be rotatable about a horizontal rotation axis parallel to the horizontal direction (X direction), and is provided at the front end portion of the component support member 150 so as to be elevable. It has been. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), the parts collection container 220 is moved upward and downward from the upper surface 160 of the parts support member 150, and above the parts feeder 82 as shown in FIG. Is raised and lowered to the raised end position.
- the parts collection container 220 has a part receiving position where the bottom surface of the elevating member 226 is opened in the horizontal position and a part discharging position in which the parts are discharged in the vertical position to the parts feeder 82. And rotated.
- the component collection container 220 is urged in a direction to rotate toward the component receiving position by a torsion coil spring (not shown) as an urging means.
- the rotation limit of the component collection container 220 due to this urging is defined by the pair of stoppers 234, and the component collection container 220 is always positioned at the component receiving position.
- the rear wall 236 of the component collection container 220 is inclined so as to have a downward posture toward the rear at the component discharge position.
- the motion conversion mechanism 224 includes a pair of rollers 240 provided in the component collection container 220 and constituting an engaged portion, and a pair of engagements provided in the frame 94 and constituting an engaging portion.
- FIG. 11 shows one roller 240 and the engaging surface 242.
- the roller 240 is rotatably attached to a protruding end portion of a support member 244 that is fixed to protrude rearward from the component collection container 220 in the component receiving position, around an axis parallel to the lateral direction.
- the engaging surface 242 is provided in a portion corresponding to the upper end portion of the component housing portion 100 of the frame 94 and is a downward horizontal surface.
- a shutter 250 is disposed at the front end, which is the front end of the component support member 150, between the component recovery container 220 and the shutter 250.
- the shutter 250 is moved up and down as the component collection container 220 is moved up and down.
- the shutter 250 is moved up and down in a pair of long holes 252 at the tip of the slide 164 as shown in FIG.
- the protruding portion 254 is guided by being fitted so as to be relatively movable.
- the shutter 250 is also urged upward by a compression coil spring 255 as urging means fitted to a pair of rods 253 erected on the slide 164. As shown in FIG.
- a projecting engagement portion 256 provided at the rear end of the elevating member 226 at the lower end position of the component collection container 220 has a projecting shape provided at the lower end of the shutter 250.
- the engaged portion 258 is engaged from above. Accordingly, the shutter 250 is prevented from rising due to the urging force of the compression coil spring 255, and the shutter 250 is held at a non-shielding position below the upper surface 160 of the component support member 150.
- the upward movement of the shutter 250 is allowed in accordance with the upward movement of the component collection container 220.
- the shutter 250 is also moved upward as the component collection container 220 is moved upward.
- the upper limit of the shutter 250 is defined by the lower end of the long hole 252 coming into contact with the protrusion 254.
- the shutter 250 protrudes upward from the component supply surface 110 of the component supply unit 96 and is in a shielding position that prevents the component from dropping from the component supply surface 110.
- the imaging device 90 includes, for example, a CCD camera or a CMOS camera as an imaging device.
- the imaging device moving device 270 that moves the imaging device 90 includes a slide 272 and a slide driving device 274 (see FIG. 17).
- the slide drive device 274 includes an electric motor (not shown) and a feed screw mechanism 278.
- the feed screw mechanism 278 includes a nut 280 and a feed screw 282. When the feed screw 282 is rotated by an electric motor, the slide 272 is guided to the guide rail 284 and moved to an arbitrary position in the lateral direction.
- the slide drive device 274 is provided on the main body 80 such that the imaging device 90 provided on the slide 272 is located above the component support surface 198 of the component support member 150 at the component supply position.
- the imaging device 90 has a posture in which the lens faces downward and faces the component support surface 198.
- the imaging device 90 is moved by the imaging device moving device 270 and selectively opposed to each of the component support surfaces 198 of the five sets of component supply units 96, and on each component support surface 198 at each of the five imaging positions. A plurality of parts are imaged.
- the imaging area of the imaging device 90 is determined by the characteristics of the lens, the distance to the imaging object, and the like, but in this embodiment, it is set to an area that includes the entire component support surface 198.
- captured image data of the entire component support surface 198 is obtained by one imaging of the imaging device 90.
- the imaging region includes the entire component support surface 198, and can be a part of the component support surface 198. Further, when the imaging region is a part of the component support surface 198, if image data for the entire component support surface 198 is required, the component support surface 198 is imaged in multiple steps. In this case, it is desirable that the imaging device moving device 270 be a device that can move the imaging device 90 in the front-rear direction.
- the component delivery device 86 includes a component holding head 300, a component holding head moving device 302, and a plurality (two in the present embodiment) of shuttle devices 304 and 306 (see FIG. 3). Including.
- the component holding head moving device 302 includes an X direction moving device 320, a Y direction moving device 322, and a Z direction moving device 324, and moves the component holding head 300 in each of the X, Y, and Z directions.
- the Y-direction moving device 322 is provided in the main body 80 and includes a Y slide 326 and a Y slide driving device 328.
- the Y slide drive device 328 includes an electric motor 330y and a feed screw mechanism 336y including a feed screw 332y and a nut 334y, and a Y slide 326 provided so as to be movable integrally with the nut 334y is attached to a pair of guide rails 338y.
- the guide is moved to an arbitrary position in the Y-axis direction while being guided.
- the X-direction moving device 320 is provided on the Y slide 326 and includes an X slide 340 and an X slide driving device 342.
- the Z-direction moving device 324 is provided on the X slide 340 and includes a Z slide 344 and a Z slide driving device 346.
- the X slide drive unit 342 and the Z slide drive unit 346 are configured in the same manner as the Y slide drive unit 328, and components having the same action are given the same reference numerals with suffixes x and z to indicate the corresponding relationship. The description is omitted.
- the component holding head 300 is provided on the Z-axis slide 344.
- the component holding head 300 is moved in a height region between the imaging device 90 and the component support surface 198 by the component holding head moving device 302 together with the Z direction moving device 324. Within this height region, the component holding head 300 is moved to any position in the horizontal and vertical directions. Therefore, the imaging device 90 and the component holding head 300 can be simultaneously positioned on the component support surface 198 of the same component supply unit 96, and the component holding head 300 can be moved in at least one of the X direction and the Y direction.
- the component holding head 300 includes (1) a head body 360 provided integrally with the Z slide 344, and (2) a suction nozzle that is a component holder. 362, (3) a nozzle rotating device 364 as a holder rotating device, (4) a nozzle rotating device 366 as a holder rotating device, and (5) a nozzle mounting device 368 as a holder mounting device.
- the nozzle turning device 366 is a device that turns the suction nozzle 362 around an axis extending in the horizontal direction, and includes a link mechanism 370 and a link mechanism driving device 372.
- the link mechanism driving device 372 includes a lifting member 374 as a driving member and a lifting member driving device 376.
- the elevating member driving device 376 includes an electric motor 378 and a feed screw mechanism 384 including a feed screw 380 and a nut 382, and the rotation of the electric motor 378 is transmitted to the feed screw 380 by the timing pulleys 386 and 388 and the timing belt 390.
- the elevating member 374 is raised and lowered.
- a spline shaft 392 is attached to the elevating member 374 so as to extend vertically downward.
- a lever 394 is attached to the lower end of the spline shaft 392 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis by a shaft 395, and the suction nozzle 362 is attached and detached by a nozzle holding member 396 which is a component holder holding member provided on the lever 394. Held possible.
- the lever 394 is provided with an arm 400 projecting in a direction perpendicularly intersecting the rotation axis of the lever 394 at a right angle, and a pair of rollers 402 (only one roller is described) is provided on the projecting end portion of the lever 394.
- the cam follower is configured so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the rotation axis.
- Each of the pair of rollers 402 is fitted in a pair of horizontal long holes 406 (only one long hole 406 is shown) of a cam member 404 provided in the head main body 360 so as not to move in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG.
- the suction nozzle 362 in a state where the elevating member 374 is at the ascending end position, the suction nozzle 362 is in a non-rotating position where its axis is concentric with the spline shaft 392.
- the elevating member 374 is lowered, the lowering of the roller 402 is blocked by the cam member 404, whereby the lever 394 is rotated, and the suction nozzle 362 is rotated around the horizontal rotation axis.
- the suction nozzle 362 In a state where the elevating member 374 is lowered to the lower end position, as shown in FIG. 13B, the suction nozzle 362 is turned 90 degrees and its axis is horizontal.
- the non-turning position and the 90-degree turning position are determined by position control of the elevating member 374 controlled by the electric motor 378.
- the suction nozzle 362 can be held at any turning position between the non-turning position and the 90-degree turning position.
- the nozzle rotation device 364 includes an electric motor 410 and a rotation transmission device 412 attached to the head main body 360 via an attachment member (not shown).
- the rotation transmission device 412 includes a gear 414 attached to the output shaft of the electric motor 410, and a gear 418 fixed to a spline member 416 fitted to the spline shaft 392 so as not to be relatively rotatable and relatively movable in the axial direction.
- the spline shaft 392 is rotated by an arbitrary angle around the vertical axis in both forward and reverse directions.
- Rotation is transmitted to the spline shaft 392 at any position in the vertical direction, and the suction nozzle 362 can be rotated at any angle around a vertical axis that is an axis perpendicular to the horizontal component support surface 198.
- the cam member 404 is fixed to the spline member 416, and is rotated together with the spline shaft 392 and the suction nozzle 362, and the suction nozzle 362 can be swung in any rotational position.
- the nozzle attachment device 368 attaches the suction nozzle 362 to the nozzle holding member 396 in a detachable manner.
- the nozzle mounting device 368 includes (1) a recess 420 provided on the contact surface of the nozzle holding member 396 with the suction nozzle 362, (2) a negative pressure source 422v and a positive pressure source. 422p, (3) including electromagnetic valves (electromagnetic on / off valves in this embodiment) 424c, d, etc. provided between the recess 420 and the negative pressure source 422v, and between the recess 420 and the positive pressure source 422p, respectively.
- a negative pressure and a positive pressure are selectively supplied to the recess 420 by the control of the electromagnetic valves 424c, d.
- the suction nozzle 362 comes into contact with the contact surface of the nozzle holding member 396 and the negative pressure is supplied in a state where the opening of the concave portion 420 is closed, a negative pressure chamber is formed by the concave portion 420 and the like.
- the suction nozzle 362 is attached to the nozzle holding member 396 while the negative pressure chamber is maintained at a negative pressure, and the suction nozzle 362 is removed by supplying positive pressure to the recess 420.
- the suction nozzle 362 picks up and holds a component with a negative pressure
- the suction nozzle 362 can be represented by the size of the suction surface of the suction tube (for example, the nozzle diameter which is the diameter of the suction tube). )
- the nozzle diameter which is the diameter of the suction tube.
- holding force Since the strength of the negative pressure supplied to the suction nozzle 362 is substantially constant, the larger the nozzle diameter, the larger the component can be held (hereinafter, referred to as holding force).
- the main body 80 is provided with a nozzle accommodating device 430 in which a plurality of types of suction nozzles 362 having different nozzle diameters are accommodated.
- the nozzle accommodating device 430 moves a nozzle holding member 432 having a plurality of recesses that can accommodate the suction nozzle 362, and a shutter (not shown) disposed on the upper surface of the nozzle holding member 432 between the separation preventing position and the take-out allowable position.
- a shutter moving device 434 (see FIG. 17) and the like are included. The component holding head 300 is moved to the nozzle accommodating device 430 as necessary, and the suction nozzle 362 is automatically replaced.
- the shuttle devices 304 and 306 include component carriers 450 and 452 and component carrier moving devices 454 and 456, respectively, and are arranged side by side in front of the component supply unit 96 of the main body 80.
- each of the component carriers 450 and 452 holds a plurality of component receiving members 460 (five in this embodiment) that are detachably held in a row in the horizontal direction.
- the component receiving member 460 is fitted into the recesses 462 of the component carriers 450 and 452, and is positioned in the front-rear direction and the lateral direction by the protrusions 464 and 466, respectively.
- an electronic circuit component (hereinafter abbreviated as a lead component) 480 having leads shown in FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b) is supplied by the bulk component supply device 18.
- the lead component 480 is composed of a block-shaped component main body 482 and two leads 484 protruding from the bottom surface of the component main body 482.
- the component receiving member 460 is provided with a component receiving recess 500 as shown in FIG.
- the component receiving recess 500 is provided according to the shape and size of the component to be received, and the component receiving recess 500 of the component receiving member 460 into which the lead component is inserted has, for example, a stepped shape as shown in FIG.
- a body receiving recess 502 that opens to the upper surface of the component receiving member 460 and a lead receiving recess 504 that opens to the bottom of the body receiving recess 502.
- the opening end of the main body receiving recess 502 is chamfered to form a guide surface 506 that guides the fitting of components, thereby constituting a guide portion. As shown in FIG.
- the lead component 480 is received by the component receiving member 460 in the lead receiving recess 504 with the lead 484 facing downward, and the component main body 482 is fitted in the main body receiving recess 502 so as to be horizontal. And is supported from below by an upward component support surface 508 constituted by the bottom surface of the main body receiving recess 502, and is received in a state of being positioned in the vertical direction.
- an upward component support surface 508 constituted by the bottom surface of the main body receiving recess 502
- the component carriers 450 and 452 can also hold component receiving members having dimensions corresponding to a plurality of component receiving members 460.
- the component carrier moving devices 454 and 456 are configured in the same manner, and one will be described, and for the other, the same reference numerals are assigned to the corresponding components and the description will be omitted.
- the moving device main body 520 of the component carrier moving device 454 is provided in the main body 80 in parallel in the front-rear direction, and is provided with an endless belt 522 and a belt circulating device 524 (see FIG. 17).
- the belt 522 is wound around a plurality of pulleys (not shown) provided on the moving device main body 520 so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the lateral direction, and is also locked to the component carrier 450.
- the belt 522 is rotated by rotating a pulley by an electric motor (not shown), and the component carrier 450 is guided to a pair of guide rails 530 (one guide rail 530 is shown in FIG. 3). While moving in the front-rear direction.
- the component carrier 450 is located at the front of the movement region of the component holding head 300, close to the component holding head moving device 302, adjacent to the component supply unit 96, and the movement region of the mounting heads 50 and 52. Are moved independently from each other between the component delivery position close to the component mounting device 20.
- the component carrier 450 is positioned at a component receiving position and a component delivery position by a stopper (not shown) provided on the moving device body 520.
- the control device 26 is provided in each of (a) the overall control device 26a, (b) the board transport holding device 14, the component supply device 16, the bulk component supply device 18, the component mounting device 20, and the like.
- Individual control devices (only the individual control device 550 of the bulk component supply device 18 is described), and (c) an image processing device 552 as a captured image data processing device.
- the overall control device 26a, the individual control device 550, the image processing device 552, and the like are each configured mainly by a computer, and are connected to be communicable with each other.
- the overall control device 26a performs overall control of the substrate transfer holding device 14, the component supply device 16, the bulk component supply device 18, the component mounting device 20, and the like via the individual control device 550 and the like.
- the individual control device 550 includes an execution unit 550 c, an input / output unit 550 i, and a storage unit 550 m, and the individual control device 550 includes the imaging device moving device 270 and the component holding head 300 of the component delivery device 86.
- a component holding head moving device 302, a nozzle accommodating device 430, shuttle devices 304 and 306, an image processing device 552, and the like are connected.
- the configuration of the control device 26 is not limited to this embodiment.
- the devices 14, 16, 18, 20 and the like are controlled by the individual control devices 550 and the like (desirably, the individual control devices are connected in a communicable state). It is possible to control the devices 14, 16, 18, 20, etc. by the overall control device 26a without providing the individual control device 550 or the like.
- the image processing device 552 can also be configured as a part of the individual control device 550 or a part of the overall control device 26a.
- the board 12 is carried into the component mounting apparatus by the board carrying / holding device 14, stopped at a predetermined position, and clamped. Then, the mounting heads 50 and 52 are moved, and the components supplied by the component supply device 16 and the bulk component supply device 18 are assembled to the substrate 12.
- the lead component 480 is supplied by five sets of component supply units 96. Since the component supply operation by the five component supply units 96 is the same, the operation in one of the five component supply units 96 will be described.
- a plurality of lead components 480 of the same type are put into the component housing portion 100 of the component supplier 82 by the operator. At the time of component insertion, the component support member 150 is located at the retracted position as shown in FIG.
- a part of the input component falls through the opening 108 onto the component supply surface 110, moves to the component discharger 112 side due to the inclination of the component supply surface 110, and spreads on the component supply surface 110.
- the component stops dropping onto the component supply surface 110, and a plurality of lead components 480 are stacked in an arbitrary posture in the component housing portion 100. It is in a housed state. Even if the lead component 480 that has fallen on the component supply surface 110 moves beyond the component discharge unit 112, it is accommodated in the component recovery container 220.
- the component collection container 220 is in the retracted position together with the component support member 150, and is in the descending end position, in other words, in the component receiving position.
- the part support member 150 is moved forward and pulled out from the bottom of the part feeder 82.
- the cam member 180 reaches the cam follower 182
- the roller 204 rises along the inclined surface 192 of the tooth 190, and when the cam member 180 reaches the vertical surface 194, the roller 204 descends and gets over the tooth 190.
- the cam follower 182 is urged in a direction to engage with the teeth 190 by a torsion coil spring, and a rotation limit is defined by a stopper 184.
- the roller 204 is kept in engagement with the teeth 190.
- the lever 202 is not rotated, and the cam follower 182 rides over the teeth 190 together with the component feeder 82.
- the cam follower 182 gets over the plurality of teeth 190 one by one and repeats raising and lowering, whereby the front part of the component feeder 82 is raised and lowered, and is vibrated in the vertical direction. At this time, the lifting of the component supplier 82 from the support shaft 122 is avoided by its own weight.
- the component on the component supply surface 110 moves forward due to vibration and the inclination of the component supply surface 110, and is discharged from the component discharge portion 112 onto the component support surface 198 as shown in FIG.
- the lead component 480 is prevented from dropping by the pair of legs 158 protruding upward from the upper surface 160.
- the lead component 480 that closes the opening 108 is separated by the vibration of the component supplier 82 and falls onto the component supply surface 110, and the lead component 480 in the component housing portion 100 passes through the opening 108 and passes through the component supply surface 110. It falls down and is discharged.
- the forward direction of the component support member 150 is the forward direction and the reverse direction is the reverse direction.
- the component feeder 82 is vibrated only when the cam follower 204 gets over the cam member 180, and the component discharge is performed.
- the lead component 480 is discharged from the portion 112.
- the cam member 180 is disengaged from the cam follower 182 before the component support member 150 reaches the component supply position, and the component support member 150 is advanced, but the component feeder 82 is not vibrated and the components are not discharged. Therefore, when the component support member 150 reaches the component supply position, a plurality of the same type lead components 480 are scattered on the component support surface 198 of the upper surface 160.
- the imaging device 90 is moved to image a plurality of lead components 480 on the component support surface 198.
- the plurality of lead parts 480 are of the same type as each other and are in a loose state.
- a pickup target component is determined based on captured image data that is image data obtained by imaging by the imaging device 90 described above. Further, these pickup target components are picked up and held by the suction nozzle 362 according to the parameters (conditions) acquired based on the captured image data, and the component holding head 300 is moved by the holding head moving device 302, thereby leading the lead component.
- 480 is held by the component receiving members 460 of the component carriers 450 and 452.
- a plurality of lead components 480 that have been separated from the component support surface 198 are aligned in the component carriers 450 and 452.
- three of the four side surfaces 486 constitute an adsorbed surface having an area capable of adsorbing by blocking the opening of the adsorption tube of the adsorption nozzle 362 and preventing leakage of negative pressure.
- one side surface (486d) is provided with a recess 488 as shown in FIG. 16B, it is difficult to perform suction even when a suction nozzle having a small nozzle diameter is used. From the above, the side surfaces 486c and b 486c, b that are isolated from other lead components 480 in a posture in which the leads 484 extend parallel to the component support surface 198 and can be adsorbed as shown in FIGS.
- the lead component 480 or the lead 484 in an inclined posture is parallel to the component support surface 198, but the side surface 486d that is difficult to attract faces upward.
- the lead component 480 in the posture is a non-pickup target component 480s (the non-pickup target component of the lead component 480 is represented by a subscript s).
- the side surface 486a may be referred to as a front surface
- the side surface 486d may be referred to as a back surface.
- the area of the portion that can be adsorbed by the adsorption nozzle 362 is different for each of the adsorbable side surfaces 486a to 486c.
- the area of the side surface (front surface) 486a that can be adsorbed is large, and the area of the side surfaces 486b and c that can be adsorbed is small. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18C, the suction nozzle 362 having a large nozzle diameter is selected for the pickup target component 480t whose posture is the side surface (front surface) 486a as shown in FIG. 18C, and FIGS. ),
- the suction nozzle 362 having a small nozzle diameter is selected for the pickup target component 480t in the posture in which the upward surface is the side surfaces 486b and c.
- the height ⁇ the height from the component support surface 198 to the upward surface (held surface), hereinafter abbreviated as height ⁇ differs depending on the posture.
- the height of the opening which is the lower end portion of the suction pipe of the suction nozzle 362 is determined.
- the height of the lead component 480 in the posture in which the front surface 486a is an upward surface is Lb
- La is larger than Lb (La> Lb).
- the holding force of the lead component 480 by the suction nozzle 362 is larger than when the nozzle diameter is small.
- the mass of the lead component 480 held by the suction nozzle 362 is the same, the lead component 480 is sucked even if the holding force is large, that is, the inertia force, in other words, the acceleration is large, compared with the case where the mass is small. It becomes difficult to shift with respect to the nozzle 362. Therefore, when the nozzle diameter is large, the conveyance acceleration of the component holding head 300 can be made larger than when the nozzle diameter is small. From the above, when a suction nozzle with a large nozzle diameter is selected, the maximum value of the transport acceleration that can be output (allowed) is made larger than when a suction nozzle with a small nozzle diameter is selected.
- the part data 570 (1) is represented by a subscript (1) attached to the pickup target part 480t (1) ⁇ in correspondence with the part data, with the front 486a facing upward. The same applies to the following pickup target parts ⁇ .
- Parts data 570 (2), (3) are pick-up target parts 480t (2), (3) in which the side surfaces 486b, c are facing upward, respectively.
- each of the part data 570 (n) includes [1] shape data 572 (n) representing the shape in plan view (including the shape of the upward surface), and [2] pickup of the pickup target component 480t. , Including data representing conditions (parameters) related to the conveyance of the component holding head 300.
- the data representing the parameters of [2] (hereinafter abbreviated as parameters relating to pick-up of the part 480t to be picked up) are (i) the nozzle diameter (suction nozzle) of the suction nozzle 362 used when picking up the part 480t to be picked up.
- Nozzle diameter data (an example of holder type defining data) 574 (n), (ii) the component holding head 300 in the state of holding the lead component is moved from the component receiving member 460 in the component receiving position.
- Maximum acceleration data 576 (n) representing the maximum value (limit value) of acceleration (including the absolute value of deceleration) at the time of transporting to the position [iii] pickup height at which the suction nozzle 362 picks up the pickup target component 480t
- pickup height data 578 (n) indicating the height (the height of the opening which is the lower end surface of the suction pipe of the suction nozzle 362) It is included.
- the individual image data 582 (k) is image data representing the shape of each lead component 480 in plan view. Based on the individual image data 582 (k), it can be determined whether or not the corresponding lead component is a pickup target component.
- the captured image data 580 is processed based on the part data 570 (1).
- Data that matches the shape data 572 (1) of the part data 570 (1) is extracted.
- the lead component 480 corresponding to the matching individual image data 582 (k) is set as the pickup target component 480t (1).
- at least one of the shape data 572 (1) and the individual image data 582 (1) is rotated.
- the posture (inclination ⁇ ) of the pickup target component 480t (1) is obtained based on at least one rotation angle in the case of matching.
- the inclination ⁇ is a reference line A (for example, a line parallel to the X direction or the Y direction) on the XY coordinates and a reference line B (for example, parallel to the lead wire 484) of the individual image data 572 (k).
- the clockwise direction can be defined as a positive angle.
- the position of the individual image data 572 (k) on the XY coordinates is based on image data or the like corresponding to a predetermined reference position mark (for example, it can be formed on the component support surface 198).
- the position on the XY coordinate of the pickup target component 480t (1) corresponding to the individual image data 572 (k) is acquired.
- the data representing the position on the XY coordinate of the pickup target component 480t and the data representing the inclination ⁇ (hereinafter collectively referred to as position / inclination data) acquired as described above are stored. Further, the parameter regarding the pickup of the part 480t (1) to be picked up is the nozzle diameter data 574 (1), the pickup height data 578 (1), the maximum acceleration data 576 (1), etc. in the part data 570 (1). Determined.
- the captured image data 580 is processed based on the part data 570 (2).
- the shape data 572 (2) and the individual image data 582 (k) ⁇ of the part data 570 (2) ⁇ or the individual image data 582 (k) excluding those determined as the pickup target component 480t (1). are compared with each other, and the one that matches the shape data 572 (2) is extracted.
- the lead component 480 corresponding to the extracted individual image data 582 (k) is set as the pickup target component 480t (2), and the position and inclination ⁇ of each pickup target component 480t (2) on the XY coordinates are acquired. Position / tilt data is stored.
- the parameter regarding the pickup or the like of the pickup target part 480t (2) is determined by the nozzle diameter data 574 (2), the pickup height data 578 (2), the maximum acceleration data 576 (2), etc. of the part data 570 (2).
- the captured image data 580 is processed based on the part data 570 (3).
- the part corresponding to the individual image data 582 (k) that matches the shape data 572 (3) of the part data 570 (3) is the pickup target part 480t (3), and the position / tilt data is acquired. And memorized.
- the parameter regarding the pickup of the part 480t (3) to be picked up is determined based on the part data 570 (3).
- the image processing is performed a plurality of times.
- the shape data 572 (n) of the part data 570 (n) and each of the individual image data 582 (k) are compared and individually processed.
- the process of acquiring the lead component attitude corresponding to the image data 582 (k) and determining the pickup target component 480t (n) is one image process.
- the image processing can include acquisition and storage of position / tilt data of the pickup target component 480t (n).
- the number of times of image processing is determined by the number of part data 570 (n), and is determined by the shape of the lead component 480.
- the image processing is performed by executing an image processing program represented by the flowchart of FIG.
- step 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as S1.
- the imaging device 90 images a plurality of lead components 480 that are supported by the component support surface 198 and performs imaging.
- Image data is obtained.
- the count value n of the counter that counts the number of times of image processing is set to the initial value 1, and in S3, the part data 570 (1) used in the first image processing is read.
- the shape data 572 (1) and the individual image data 582 (k) are compared one by one to determine whether or not they match. If it is determined that they match, the position and inclination ⁇ of the individual image data 582 (k) on the XY coordinates are acquired. Then, the lead component corresponding to the individual image data 582 (k) is set as the pickup target component 480t (1), and the position / tilt data is stored.
- S6 it is determined whether or not all the individual image data 582 (k) included in the captured image data 580 have been compared with the shape data 572 (1). If the determination is NO, S4 to S6 are repeatedly executed to determine whether each of the individual image data 582 (k) and the shape data 572 (1) match, or when it is determined that they match. The position and inclination of the individual image data 582 (k) are acquired. For example, in FIG. 20, since it is determined that the individual image data 582 (1) matches the shape data 572 (1), the position on the XY coordinate and the inclination ⁇ 1 of the individual image data 582 (1) are acquired.
- the lead component 480 corresponding to the individual image data 582 (1) is the pickup target component 480t (1), and the position / tilt of the pickup target component 480t (1) is acquired and stored. Since the individual image data 582 (2) does not coincide with the shape data 572 (1), the determination in S4 is NO and the position / tilt is not acquired. The individual image data 582 (3) also does not match. When all the individual image data 582 (k) are matched with the shape data 572 (1), acquisition of the position and inclination in the case of matching, storage, and the like are completed, the determination of S6 becomes YES. Then, the first image processing is completed.
- the count value is incremented by one.
- the individual image data 582 (2) matches the shape data 572 (2), and the lead component corresponding to the individual image data 582 (2) is set as the pickup target component 480t (2). Further, the position / tilt ⁇ 2 is acquired and the position / tilt data is stored. It is determined that the individual image data 582 (3) and 582 (4) do not match.
- the determination in S6 is YES, and the second image processing ends.
- the third image processing is performed in the same manner, and the part data 570 (3) used for the third image processing is read, and the shape data 572 (3) and It is determined whether or not each of the individual image data 582 (k) matches.
- the position and inclination are acquired and stored. For example, since it is determined that the individual image data 582 (5) matches the shape data 572 (3), the lead component corresponding to the individual image data 582 (5) is set as the pickup target component 480t (3), and the pickup target component. The position / inclination ⁇ 5 of 480t (3) is acquired and stored. In S7, when the count value n is incremented by 1 and becomes 4, the determination in S8 is YES, and this program is terminated, so that the three times of image processing are terminated. Of the individual image data 582 (k) included in the captured image data 580, the lead component 480 corresponding to the individual image data 582 (k) that does not match any of the shape data 572 (1) to (3) is The non-pickup target part 480s.
- the suction nozzle 362 is replaced, the pickup target part 480t is picked up and conveyed under the conditions determined by the part data 570 (1) to (3). Therefore, the component holding head 300, the holding head moving device 302, and the like are controlled by executing a control program such as a pickup shown in the flowchart of FIG. In S21, the count value m of the counter that counts the part data 570 (n) is set to the initial value 1, and in S22, the nozzle diameter data 574 (1) and the pickup height data 578 (1) of the part data 570 (1).
- the maximum acceleration data 576 (1) is read, and the position / tilt data of each pickup target component 480t (1) stored by the execution of S5 of the image processing program is read.
- S23 it is determined whether or not the suction nozzle 362 needs to be replaced based on the nozzle diameter data 574 (1). If it is necessary to replace it, the determination is YES, and the nozzle is replaced in S24.
- the component holding head 300 is moved to a predetermined position of the nozzle accommodating device 430, the suction nozzle 362 attached at that time is removed, and the suction nozzle determined by the nozzle diameter data 574 (1) is attached.
- step S24 is not executed.
- the suction nozzle 362 is attached and detached by controlling the electromagnetic valves 424c and d. If it is not necessary to replace the suction nozzle 362, step S24 is not executed.
- the determination in S23 is YES, the replaced suction nozzle corresponds to the specific component holder. If the determination in S23 is NO, the suction nozzle held at that time corresponds to the specific component holder.
- the component holding head 300 is moved to a position determined by the position / tilt data, and the pickup target component 480t (1) is picked up at a height determined by the pickup height data 578 (1).
- the suction nozzle 362 is moved to the pickup height and a negative pressure is supplied, the pickup target component 480t (1) is sucked and held. Further, at the time of picking up the parts, the suction nozzle 362 is located at the non-turning position and is turned to the turning position by 90 degrees during the movement to the part carrier, and the lead 484 is directed downward.
- the suction nozzle 362 is rotated around its own axis while being positioned at the non-turning position by an angle determined based on the inclination ⁇ prior to the pickup.
- the vertical swivel plane is parallel to the vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lead 484 of the component 480 placed on the component support surface 198, and the revolving is rotated to a phase in which the lead 484 is directed downward.
- the suction nozzle 362 is also rotated around the axis of the spline shaft 392 after picking up the pickup target component 480t (1), and the rotational phase around the vertical line of the component main body 482 is matched with the rotational phase of the main body receiving recess 502. .
- the suction nozzle 362 (component holding head 300) is conveyed to the component receiving member 460 at the component receiving position in S26.
- the component holding head 300 is accelerated and then moved at a constant speed and then decelerated.
- the magnitude of acceleration and deceleration is limited, and is represented by maximum acceleration data 576 (1). Transported so as not to exceed acceleration (deceleration).
- the inertial force acting on the lead component 480 held by the suction nozzle 362 is limited, and the lead component 480 can be made difficult to shift.
- the lead component 480 is received by the component receiving recess 500 while being guided by the guide surface 506.
- the supply of negative pressure to the suction nozzle 362 is cut off, the lead component 480 is released, the component holding head 300 is raised, and the suction nozzle 362 is turned back to the non-turning position.
- S27 it is determined whether or not all of the pickup target parts 480t (1) corresponding to the part data 570 (1) have been received by the part receiving members 460 of the part carriers 450 and 452. If the determination is NO, S25 to S27 are repeatedly executed.
- the component holding head 300 is moved to the position of the next pickup target component 480t (1) determined by the position / tilt data, picked up the pickup target component 480 (1), and then conveyed to the component receiving member 460.
- there are a plurality of parts to be picked up 480t (1) they are picked up one by one according to a preset order.
- S23 to S27 are executed in the same manner. Since the nozzle diameter data 574 (2) is different from the nozzle diameter data 574 (1), the determination in S23 is YES, and the suction nozzle 362 is replaced in S24. In S25 and 26, the pickup target component 480t (2) is moved to the component receiving member 460. If S25 to S27 are repeatedly executed and all the pickup target parts 480t (2) are moved to the part receiving member 460, the determination in S27 is YES, and the count value m is incremented by 1 in S28. When the same execution is performed on the part data 570 (3) and all the pickup target parts 480t (3) are moved to the part receiving member 460, the determinations in S27 and S29 are YES, and this program ends. Be made. The parts to be picked up 480t (1) to (3) supported on the part support surface 198 are moved to the part receiving member 460 and held, so that the parts carriers 450 and 452 have the same predetermined posture. Be aligned.
- the component carrier When the lead component 480 is held by all the component receiving members 460 of the component carrier located at the component receiving position, the component carrier is moved to the component delivery position.
- the mounting heads 50 and 52 of the component mounting apparatus 20 are moved to the component carrier located at the component delivery position, and the component holder 70 picks up the lead component 480 held by the component receiving member 460.
- the lead components 480 are all housed in the component receiving member 460 in the same posture, in other words, with the lead 484 facing downward and the top surface facing the bottom surface to which the lead 484 is connected facing upward. 70 (eg, chuck) can pick up all the lead components 480 well.
- the suction nozzle 362 has a nozzle diameter that is suitable for the shape of the upward surface of the pickup target component 480t.
- the lead component 480 in the posture shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B is also a pickup target component. As a result, it is possible to increase the number of lead components 480 that can be picked up by supplying a single loose component, and it is possible to reduce the number of lead components 480 that are returned (the number of non-pickup target components 480s).
- the suction nozzle 362 having a small nozzle diameter is used for all the pickup target parts 480t (1) to (3), the replacement time of the suction nozzle 362 becomes unnecessary, but the transport time becomes longer. .
- the maximum acceleration is normally set to a small value, and as a result, the transportation time becomes long.
- the maximum acceleration when the pickup target component 480t (1) is conveyed can be increased. Minutes and transport time can be shortened.
- the parts supporting surface 198 remains as non-pickup target parts 480s, but these non-pickup target parts 480s are returned to the component feeder 82 by the parts return device 88.
- the non-pickup target component 480 s is prevented from moving backward by the scraping member 114, moved forward with respect to the component support member 150, and scraped into the component collection container 220.
- a force in the same direction as the retract direction of the component support member 150 acts on the cam follower 182 from the cam member 180, but the stopper 234 allows the cam follower 182 to freely rotate in this direction.
- the cam follower 182 rotates against the component feeder 82 against the biasing force of the torsion coil spring 206 to get over the tooth 190 and vibrate the component feeder 82.
- the component support member 150 is retracted without being moved. Therefore, the component does not fall from the component housing unit 100 onto the component supply surface 110 and is not discharged to the component support surface 198.
- the component collection container 220 is raised with respect to the component feeder 82 as shown in FIG. 10B.
- the shutter 250 is raised by the urging force of the compression coil spring 255 and closes the component discharge portion 112 at the shielding position as shown in FIG.
- the roller 240 is raised along with the component collection container 220 along the outer surface of the component feeder 82.
- the component collection container 220 is further lifted after the shutter 250 is moved to the shielding position, and at the end of the up-and-down movement in which the component collection container 220 is raised to the vicinity of the rising end position, the roller 240 is engaged with the engagement surface 242 as shown in FIG. Is prevented from rising.
- the component collection container 220 is rotated to the component discharge position against the biasing force of the torsion coil spring while the component collection container 220 is further raised to the rising end position, and the collected component 480 is moved to the component storage portion 100. It is discharged inside.
- the bottom surface is vertical and the rear wall 236 is directed toward the component accommodating portion 100 as it is lower, and the lead component 480 is guided to the rear wall 236. The remaining parts are discharged to the component housing part 100.
- the imaging device 90 and the component holding head 300 capture and pick up the component 480 for another component supply unit 96. Etc. can be performed. As shown in FIG. 23, the parts are returned in a state in which the parts support member 150 is returned to the retracted position, whereas the parts support surface 198 is provided on the front side of the parts support member 150, and the parts are collected. The imaging and holding of the component 480 on the component support surface 198 is performed without interfering with the container 220. Further, the parts other than the shuttle devices 304 and 306 of the bulk component supply device 18 are removed from the apparatus main body 10 so that the bulk component supply device 18 can be easily maintained.
- the position of the pickup target component 480t can be confirmed based on the captured image data obtained by imaging the component support surface 198 of the imaging device 90. Thereby, the pickup target component 480t can be picked up more accurately.
- Imaging by the imaging device 90 is performed prior to the pickup of the lead component 480 by the component holding head 300, and the suction nozzle 362 (component holding head 300) holds the lead component 480 on the component support surface 198. Thereafter, it is performed in parallel with the conveyance to the component receiving member 460. Since the component holding head 300 can be moved in a height region between the imaging device 90 and the component support surface 198, the imaging device 90 and the component holding head 300 do not interfere with each other.
- the imaging device 90 remains on the component support surface 198, and performs imaging after the component holding head 300 holding the lead component 480 is retracted. Accordingly, for example, even if the position and orientation of the pickup target component 480t to be picked up next due to the pickup operation of the previous lead component 480 in one component supply unit 96 changes, the change is acquired.
- the component holding head 300 is not limited to that in the above embodiment.
- various types of heads such as a head capable of holding a plurality of suction nozzles having different nozzle diameters in a ring shape, or a head capable of holding the plurality of suction nozzles in a straight line with a predetermined interval are used. be able to.
- the component holding head 300 can be automatically or manually changed to the above-described heads.
- the suction nozzle determined according to the nozzle diameter data 574 is positioned at a predetermined pickup position, thereby The suction nozzle for picking up the parts to be picked up is changed.
- the positioned suction nozzle corresponds to the specific component holder. Furthermore, a component supported on the component support surface 198 by the suction nozzle 362 can be picked up and directly supplied to the substrate 12.
- the movement range of the component holding head 300 by the component holding head moving device 302 is a range including the substrate 12 on which the component holding head 300 is held.
- the bulk component support portion is constituted by the component support surface 198 and the like.
- the component delivery unit is composed of component carriers 450, 452, and the like.
- the holder changing device is considered to be configured by the nozzle mounting device 368 or the like, or stores S24 of the control program such as the pickup shown in the flowchart of FIG. 22 of the nozzle mounting device 368 and the control device 26. It can be considered to be composed of a part, a part to be executed, and the like.
- the holder changing device is also a holder changing part.
- the changing moving unit is configured by a portion of the holding head moving device 302 that moves the component holding head 300 between the component support surface 198 and the nozzle accommodating device 430.
- the pickup moving unit is configured by a portion of the holding head moving device 302 that moves the suction nozzle 362 up and down to the pickup height.
- the acceleration limiting moving unit is configured by a part that moves the component holding head 300 without exceeding the acceleration determined by the maximum acceleration data of the holding head moving device 302.
- the part data storage unit includes the storage unit 550m of the control device 26, and the like.
- the parts data storage unit may be provided in the overall control device 26a.
- the bulk component supply device control device is configured by a portion of the control device 26 that stores a control program such as a pickup, a portion that executes the control program, a part data storage portion, and the like.
- the pickup height acquisition unit is configured as a part data storage unit, a part that stores S22, a part that executes, etc. of the bulk component supply device control device, and a part that the pickup height control unit stores S25, It consists of parts to be executed.
- the next step is a “step of mounting a component on the substrate 12” performed in the component mounting apparatus 20, or performed on the component mounted on the substrate 12 or the substrate 12 on which the component is mounted.
- “Processing process” for example, a cut and clinching process for cutting and bending the lead, a soldering process for soldering the lead component, a process for performing heat treatment on the substrate 12, a process for carrying out the component mounting apparatus, etc.
- a chuck 580 shown in FIG. 24A can be attached to the holder holding member of the component holding head.
- the chuck 580 includes a pair of claw portions 582p, q held by the chuck body, a slide type driving device 584 that moves the pair of claw portions 582p, q close to and away from each other.
- the width of the pickup target part that can be gripped by the chuck 580 is determined in advance.
- the lead component 480 having a posture in which the side surface 486d difficult to be attracted is an upward surface is also the pickup target component 480t (4). It is said.
- the opposing side surfaces 486b, c can be gripped by the pair of claw portions 582p, q.
- the lead component 480 corresponding to the individual image data 582 (4) included in the captured image data 580 shown in FIG. 20 is set as the pickup target component 480t (4).
- part data 590 (n) of the lead component 480 in this embodiment is conceptually shown in FIG.
- the data representing the parameter includes (i) chuck width data 594 (n), (ii) representing the chuck width of the chuck for gripping the pickup target component (the width of the component that can be gripped by the pair of claws 582p, q). )
- One or more of the pickup height data 596 (n) and the like are included.
- a chuck with a large chuck width is selected for the parts to be picked up 480t (1) and (4), and a chuck with a small chuck width is selected for the parts to be picked up 480t (2) and (3).
- the maximum acceleration can be the same even if the posture of the pickup target component 480t is changed. . In that case, it is not always necessary to include the maximum acceleration data in the data representing the parameters related to the pickup and the like of the pip-up target part 480t.
- image processing is performed four times by comparing each of the shape data 592 (1) to (4) with the captured image data 580, and the pickup target components 480t (1) to (4) are determined. . Further, these pickup target parts 480t (1) to (4) are picked up by the chuck 580 and moved to the part receiving member 460, thereby being aligned with the part carriers 450 and 452.
- a manually placed component tray 600 that is a manually placed component supporting member may be detachably provided.
- the hand-placed component tray 600 includes a flat component support surface 602, and a plurality of discrete components 604 are supported on the component support surface 602.
- the hand-placed parts tray 600 is placed with the parts 604 by an operator after being attached to the main body 80 or outside of the bulk parts supplying apparatus prior to the mounting.
- the supply of parts using such a hand-placed parts tray is suitable for supplying parts that easily bend the lead, parts that do not want to be brought into contact with each other, parts that are not desired to be subjected to vibration, large parts, etc.
- the size of the hand-placed component tray 600 is not limited.
- the width of the component supply unit 96 may be substantially the same as the width of the component supply unit 96, or may be greater than the width of the component supply unit 96.
- the present invention can be implemented in various forms in addition to the above-described embodiments, various modifications and improvements based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
- the above-described plurality of embodiments can be implemented in a form combined with each other.
- the mounting heads 50 and 52 are in a separated state.
- the components 480 and 604 can be picked up directly and mounted directly on the substrate 12.
- a plurality of loose components 480 and 604 supported by the component support member 150 or the hand-placed component tray 600 are imaged by the imaging device 22 provided in the mounting head 50. be able to.
- the parts 480 and 604 in a loose state supported by the parts support member 150 or the hand-placed parts tray 600 are held by the mounting heads 50 and 52 so that the part holder 70 can turn around the horizontal axis. And can be held by a component holder 70 that can pivot about the horizontal axis.
- the postures of the parts 480 and 604 in the separated state are acquired based on the captured image data, and the parts holder 70 is exchanged accordingly, or the height determined by the posture of the pickup target part. It is picked up or transported so as not to exceed the maximum acceleration determined by the posture.
- these component support members 150 or components 480 and 604 supported by the hand-placed component tray 600 are held by the component holder 70 (component holder that cannot turn) of the mounting heads 50 and 52. It can also be.
- a component that is held by the mounting heads 50 and 52 and can be mounted is set as a pickup target component based on the captured image data, and the pickup height and the like are acquired.
- the mounting heads 50 and 52 are moved to the position of the pickup target component, and the pickup target component is picked up at the acquired height.
- This embodiment is suitable for mounting a component that does not include a lead.
- at least one of the mounting heads 50 and 52 can be a head capable of holding a plurality of component holders provided in a ring or in a straight line.
- the hand-placed component tray 600 or the like corresponds to the mounting loose component support portion
- the imaging device 22 corresponds to the mounting imaging device
- the component holder 70 corresponds to the mounting component holder
- the mounting holding head movement control device is configured by a part that controls the work head movement device 54 of the control device 26 (including the individual control device of the mounting device 20).
- a pickup height acquisition unit is configured by a part that acquires the pickup height based on captured image data, and the like, and the part that controls the work head moving device 54 based on the pickup height.
- a pickup height movement control unit is configured.
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Abstract
Description
ばら状態とは、各々の姿勢が任意である状態をいい、同じ種類の複数個の部品とは、各々の形状、大きさ、質量および構造等が互いに同じである複数個の部品をいう。複数個の部品の各々等は、複数の互いに形状が異なる面を含むものであるが、これら複数のすべての面の各々の形状が互いに異なっていても、複数の面のうちの一部の形状が同じであってもよい。
姿勢が異なる複数個の部品においては、上向き面の形状が互いに異なったり、上向き面までの高さが互いに異なったりする場合がある。それに対して、撮像画像データに基づいて複数個の部品の各々の姿勢が取得され、上向き面の形状に基づいて部品保持具が変更されるようにすれば、より多くの部品をピックアップすることができる。部品保持具の変更には、部品保持具の交換、部品をピックアップする部品保持具の位置決め等が該当する。また、上向き面までの高さに基づいてピックアップする際の部品保持具の高さが変更されるようにすれば、部品保持具の損傷やピックアップ対象部品の損傷を良好に防止することができる。
撮像装置22は作業ヘッド(以下、装着ヘッドと称する)50と共にX方向,Y方向およびZ方向に移動させられる。撮像装置24は、装置本体10の、基板搬送保持装置14と部品供給装置16の部品供給部との間の部分に固定的に設けられている。
図4に示すように、部品供給器82は部品収容部100および部品供給部102を含む。部品収容部100は部品供給器82の上部に設けられ、上向きに開口させられた容器状を成し、その底面は一対の傾斜面104,106により構成されている。図5に示すように傾斜面104,106は下方ほど互いに接近する向きに傾斜させられ、それらの下端部の間に上下方向に貫通し、横方向に延びる開口108が設けられている。傾斜面104,106のうち、部品供給器82の前部側に設けられた傾斜面104の方が傾斜面106より傾斜が緩やかとされ、開口108は部品収容部100の後部に位置する。部品供給部102は、部品収容部100の下方に設けられた部品供給面110を備えている。部品供給面110は、前方ほど下方へ向かう向きに傾斜させられた傾斜面とされ、その先端部たる前端部が部品排出部112を構成している。部品供給面110の傾斜は、傾斜面104より緩やかとされている。また、部品供給面110の前端には、部品供給面110から下方へ延び出せられた板状の掻落とし部材114が設けられている。開口108の前後方向の寸法は収容される部品よりやや大きくされている。
図4に示すように、部品散在状態実現装置84は、部品支持部材150と、その部品支持部材150と部品供給器82とを相対移動させる相対移動装置たる部品支持部材移動装置152と、供給器振動装置154とを含む。
部品支持部材150は、長手形状の板状を成す部品支持部156と、一対の脚部158とを含む。脚部158は板状を成し、部品支持部156の一平面状の上面160より上下両側に突出させられている。部品支持部材移動装置152は、スライド164およびスライド駆動装置166(図17参照)を含む。スライド駆動装置166は、本実施形態においてはロッドレスシリンダにより構成されている。
図11に示すように、部品戻し装置88は,前記掻落とし部材114,部品回収容器220,相対的昇降装置たる部品回収容器昇降装置222および運動変換機構224を含む。部品回収容器昇降装置222は、可動部材たる昇降部材226と、昇降部材駆動装置たるエアシリンダ228とを含む。エアシリンダ228は、前記一対のガイドレール168の間の位置に上向きに配設され、ピストンロッド230の伸縮により昇降部材226が部品供給器82に対して昇降させられる。エアシリンダ228は、前記スライド164の前端部に固定され、昇降部材226は部品支持部材150と共に前後方向に移動させられる。
図10(a)に示すように、部品回収容器220の下降端位置において昇降部材226の後端部に設けられた突状の係合部256がシャッタ250の下端部に設けられた突状の被係合部258に上方から係合する。それにより、シャッタ250の圧縮コイルばね255の付勢力による上昇を阻止し、シャッタ250を部品支持部材150の上面160より下方の非遮蔽位置に保持する。
図10(b)に示すように、部品回収容器220の上方への移動に伴って、シャッタ250の上方への移動が許容される。部品回収容器220の上方への移動に伴ってシャッタ250も上方へ移動させられるが、シャッタ250の上昇限度は、長穴252の下端部が突部254に当接することにより規定される。シャッタ250は部品供給ユニット96の部品供給面110より上方へ突出し、部品供給面110からの部品の落下を防止する遮蔽位置にある。
図3に示すように、撮像装置90は、例えば、撮像器たるCCDカメラあるいはCMOSカメラを備えたものである。撮像装置90を移動させる撮像装置移動装置270は、スライド272およびスライド駆動装置274(図17参照)を含む。スライド駆動装置274は、図示しない電動モータと送りねじ機構278とを含む。送りねじ機構278はナット280および送りねじ282を含み、送りねじ282が電動モータによって回転させられることにより、スライド272がガイドレール284に案内されつつ、横方向の任意の位置へ移動させられる。スライド駆動装置274は、本体80に、スライド272に設けられた撮像装置90が、部品供給位置にある部品支持部材150の部品支持面198の上方に位置するように設けられる。また、撮像装置90は、レンズが下向きに、部品支持面198に対向する姿勢とされる。
撮像装置90は撮像装置移動装置270により移動させられ、5組の部品供給ユニット96の各部品支持面198の各々に選択的に対向させられ、5つの撮像位置の各々において各部品支持面198上の複数個の部品を撮像する。
撮像装置90の撮像領域は、レンズの特性、撮像対象物との間の距離等で決まるが、本実施例においては、部品支持面198の全体を含む領域に設定されている。そのため、撮像装置90の1回の撮像により、部品支持面198の全体についての撮像画像データが得られる。
なお、撮像領域を、部品支持面198の全体を含む領域とすることは不可欠ではなく、部品支持面198の一部とすることができる。また、撮像領域が部品支持面198の一部である場合において、部品支持面198の全体についての画像データが必要である場合には、部品支持面198が複数回に分けて撮像される。この場合には、撮像装置移動装置270を、撮像装置90を前後方向にも移動させ得る装置とすることが望ましい。
図12に示すように、部品引渡し装置86は、部品保持ヘッド300と、部品保持ヘッド移動装置302と、複数(本実施形態においては2つ)のシャトル装置304,306(図3参照)とを含む。
部品保持ヘッド移動装置302はX方向移動装置320,Y方向移動装置322およびZ方向移動装置324を含み、部品保持ヘッド300をX,YおよびZの各方向に移動させる。Y方向移動装置322は本体80に設けられ、Yスライド326とYスライド駆動装置328とを含む。Yスライド駆動装置328は、電動モータ330yと、送りねじ332yおよびナット334yを含む送りねじ機構336yとを備え、ナット334yと一体的に移動可能に設けられたYスライド326を一対のガイドレール338yに案内させつつ、Y軸方向の任意の位置へ移動させる。
X方向移動装置320はYスライド326上に設けられ、Xスライド340およびXスライド駆動装置342を含む。Z方向移動装置324はXスライド340上に設けられ、Zスライド344およびZスライド駆動装置346を含む。Xスライド駆動装置342はおよびZスライド駆動装置346はYスライド駆動装置328と同様に構成されており、同じ作用を成す構成要素には同じ符号に添え字x、zを付して対応関係を示し、説明を省略する。
部品保持ヘッド300はZ軸スライド344に設けられている。部品保持ヘッド300は、部品保持ヘッド移動装置302によって、Z方向移動装置324と共に、撮像装置90と、部品支持面198との間の高さ領域において移動させられる。この高さ領域内において部品保持ヘッド300は水平方向および鉛直方向の任意の位置へ移動させられる。したがって、撮像装置90および部品保持ヘッド300は、同じ部品供給ユニット96の部品支持面198上に同時に位置することができ、部品保持ヘッド300は、X方向とY方向との少なくとも一方への移動であって、水平方向の移動により、部品支持面198の上方に位置し、部品支持面198上の部品を保持可能な機能位置と、機能位置から退避した退避位置とに移動させられる。図13(a)、(b)、(c)に示すように、部品保持ヘッド300は、(1)Zスライド344と一体的に設けられたヘッド本体360,(2)部品保持具たる吸着ノズル362,(3)保持具回転装置たるノズル回転装置364,(4)保持具旋回装置たるノズル旋回装置366,(5)保持具取付装置たるノズル取付装置368等を含む。
一方、図3に示すように、ノズル径が互いに異なる複数種類の吸着ノズル362が収容されたノズル収容装置430が本体80に設けられる。ノズル収容装置430は、吸着ノズル362を収容可能な凹部を複数有するノズル保持部材432、ノズル保持部材432の上面に配設された図示しないシャッタを離脱阻止位置と取出許容位置との間で移動させるシャッタ移動装置434(図17参照)等を含む。部品保持ヘッド300は必要に応じてノズル収容装置430へ移動させられ、吸着ノズル362が自動で交換される。
図3に示すように前記シャトル装置304,306はそれぞれ、部品キャリヤ450,452および部品キャリヤ移動装置454,456を含み、本体80の部品供給ユニット96より前側に横方向に並んで設けられている。本実施形態において部品キャリヤ450,452にはそれぞれ、部品受部材460が、複数個(本実施例においては5個)、横方向に一列に並んだ状態で着脱可能に保持される。部品受部材460は、図14に示すように、部品キャリヤ450,452の凹部462に嵌合され、突部464,466により前後方向および横方向にそれぞれ位置決めされている。
図14に例示するように、部品受部材460には部品受容凹部500の寸法,形状を異にする複数種類のものがあり、作業者により交換される。部品キャリヤ450,452には、部品受部材460の複数個分の寸法を有する部品受部材を保持させることもできる。
部品キャリヤ移動装置454の移動装置本体520は本体80に前後方向に平行に設けられ、無端のベルト522とベルト周回装置524(図17参照)とが設けられている。ベルト522は、移動装置本体520に横方向に平行な軸線まわりに回転可能に設けられた複数のプーリ(図示省略)に巻き掛けられるとともに、部品キャリヤ450に係止されている。ベルト522は、電動モータ(図示省略)によってプーリが回転させられることにより周回させられ、部品キャリヤ450が一対のガイドレール530(図3には一方のガイドレール530が図示されている)に案内されつつ前後方向に移動させられる。部品キャリヤ450は、部品保持ヘッド300の移動領域のうちの前部に位置し、部品保持ヘッド移動装置302に近く、部品供給ユニット96に隣接する部品受取位置と、装着ヘッド50,52の移動領域のうちの後部に位置し、部品装着装置20に近い部品引渡し位置との間で互いに独立して移動させられる。部品キャリヤ450は、移動装置本体520に設けられたストッパ(図示省略)により、部品受取位置と部品引渡し位置とに位置決めされる。
制御装置26は、図17に示すように、 (a)統括制御装置26a、(b)基板搬送保持装置14、部品供給装置16、ばら部品供給装置18、部品装着装置20等の各々に設けられた個別制御装置(ばら部品供給装置18の個別制御装置550のみを記載した)、(c) 撮像画像データ処理装置としての画像処理装置552等を含む。統括制御装置26a、個別制御装置550等、画像処理装置552等は、それぞれ、コンピュータを主体として構成されたものであり、互いに通信可能に接続されている。統括制御装置26aは個別制御装置550等を介して基板搬送保持装置14、部品供給装置16、ばら部品供給装置18、部品装着装置20等を統括制御する。
ばら部品供給装置18において、個別制御装置550は、実行部550c、入出力部550i、記憶部550mを備え、個別制御装置550に、撮像装置移動装置270、部品引渡し装置86の部品保持ヘッド300、部品保持ヘッド移動装置302、ノズル収容装置430、シャトル装置304,306、画像処理装置552等が接続される。
なお、制御装置26の構成は本実施例に限定されない。例えば、統括制御装置26aを設けることなく、各装置14,16,18,20等が個別制御装置550等(個別制御装置同士が通信可能な状態で接続されることが望ましい)によって制御されるようにしたり、個別制御装置550等を設けることなく、各装置14,16,18,20等が統括制御装置26aによって制御されるようにしたりすること等ができる。また、画像処理装置552は、個別制御装置550の一部または統括制御装置26aの一部として構成されるようにすることもできる。
基板12が基板搬送保持装置14によって部品実装装置に搬入され、予め定められた位置において停止させられてクランプされる。そして、装着ヘッド50,52が移動させられ、部品供給装置16,ばら部品供給装置18により供給される部品を基板12に組み付ける。
ばら部品供給装置18においては、5組の部品供給ユニット96によりリード部品480が供給される。それら5組の部品供給ユニット96による部品供給動作は同じであるため、5組のうちの1組の部品供給ユニット96における作動について説明する。
部品供給器82の部品収容部100には、作業者により同じ種類の複数個のリード部品480が投入される。部品投入時には、図6に示すように部品支持部材150は退避位置に位置する。投入部品は、一部が開口108を通って部品供給面110上に落下し、部品供給面110の傾斜により部品排出部112側へ移動し、部品供給面110上に広がる。リード部品480が詰まって開口108が塞がれた状態になれば、部品供給面110への部品の落下が止まり、部品収容部100内に複数個のリード部品480が任意の姿勢でばら積み状態で収容された状態となる。部品供給面110上に落下したリード部品480が部品排出部112を超えて移動することがあっても、部品回収容器220に収容される。部品回収容器220は部品支持部材150と共に退避位置にあるのであり、下降端位置、換言すれば、部品受け位置にある。
{ ピックアップ対象部品の決定 }
リード部品480において、図16(a)、(b)に示すように、部品本体482を構成する4つの側面486は互いに直角に交差している。そのため、リード部品480が、4つの側面486のうちの1つにおいて部品支持面198に載置されている状態では、その側面に対向する上向き面が部品支持面198と平行となり、かつ、リード484が部品支持面198と平行となる。また、4つの側面486のうちの3つ(486a,b,c)は、吸着ノズル362の吸着管の開口を塞ぎ、負圧の漏れを阻止して吸着可能な面積を有する被吸着面を構成する。しかし、1つの側面(486d)には図16(b)に示すようにくぼみ488が設けられているため、ノズル径が小さい吸着ノズルを用いても吸着が困難である。
以上のことから、リード484が部品支持面198に平行に延びる姿勢で他のリード部品480から孤立し、かつ、図18(a)~(c)に示すように、吸着可能な側面486c,b,aが上を向いた姿勢にあるリード部品480はピックアップ対象部品480t(以下、リード部品480のうちのピックアップ対象部品は添え字tを付して表す)とされる。それに対して、図18(d)~(f)に示すように、傾いた姿勢にあるリード部品480あるいはリード484が部品支持面198に平行ではあるが、吸着困難な側面486dが上を向いた姿勢のリード部品480は非ピックアップ対象部品480s(リード部品480のうち非ピックアップ対象部品は添え字sを付して表す)とされる。以下、側面486aを正面、側面486dを背面と称する場合がある。
例えば、吸着可能な側面486a~cの各々について、吸着ノズル362によって吸着可能な部分の面積が異なる。側面(正面)486aの吸着可能な部分の面積は大きく、側面486b,cの吸着可能な部分の面積は小さい。そのため、図18(c)に示すように上向き面が側面(正面)486aである姿勢のピックアップ対象部品480tに対してはノズル径の大きい吸着ノズル362が選択され、図18(a)、(b)に示すように上向き面が側面486b、cである姿勢のピックアップ対象部品480tに対してはノズル径の小さい吸着ノズル362が選択される。
同じリード部品480であっても、姿勢によって、高さ{部品支持面198から上向き面(被保持面)までの高さであり、以下、高さと略称する}が異なるのであり、姿勢によって、ピックアップする際の吸着ノズル362の吸着管の下端部である開口の高さが決まる。図16(a)、図19に示すように、正面486aが上向き面である姿勢であるリード部品480の高さはLbとなり、側面486b、cが上向き面である姿勢であるリード部品480の高さはLaとなる。本リード部品480については、LaがLbより大きい(La>Lb)。
前述のように、ノズル径が大きい場合は小さい場合より吸着ノズル362によるリード部品480の保持力が大きくなる。また、吸着ノズル362によって保持されるリード部品480の質量が同じである場合には、保持力が大きい場合は小さい場合より、慣性力、換言すれば、加速度が大きくても、リード部品480は吸着ノズル362に対してずれ難くなる。そのため、ノズル径が大きい場合は小さい場合より部品保持ヘッド300の搬送加速度を大きくすることができる。以上のことから、ノズル径が大きい吸着ノズルが選択された場合はノズル径が小さい吸着ノズルが選択された場合より出力可能な(許容される)搬送加速度の最大値が大きくされる。
パーツデータ570(n){n=1,2,3}とは、複数個のリード部品480の一部である図18(a)~(c)に示すピックアップ対象部品480tの各々について定められたデータであり、リード部品480の姿勢に基づいて定められる。これらパーツデータ570(n)は、個別制御装置550の記憶部550mに記憶される。
パーツデータ570(1)は、正面486aが上向きである姿勢のピックアップ対象部品480t(1){パーツデータに対応して、添え字(1)を付して表す。以下のピックアップ対象部品についても同様とする}に関するものであり、パーツデータ570(2)、(3)は、それぞれ、側面486b、cが上向きである姿勢のピックアップ対象部品480t(2)、(3)に関するものである。
パーツデータ570(n)の各々は、図19に示すように、[1]平面視の形状(上向き面の形状を含む)を表す形状データ572(n)、[2]ピックアップ対象部品480tのピックアップ、部品保持ヘッド300の搬送に関する条件(パラメータ)を表すデータ等を含む。[2]のパラメータ(以下、ピップアップ対象部品480tのピックアップ等に関するパラメータと略称する)を表すデータには、(i)ピックアップ対象部品480tをピックアップする際に用いる吸着ノズル362のノズル径(吸着ノズルの種類)を表すノズル径データ(保持具種類規定データの一例である)574(n)、(ii)リード部品を保持した状態にある部品保持ヘッド300を、部品受取位置にある部品受部材460まで搬送させる際の加速度(減速度の絶対値も含む)の最大値(制限値)を表す最大加速度データ576(n)、[iii]吸着ノズル362がピックアップ対象部品480tをピックアップする際のピックアップ高さ(吸着ノズル362の吸着管の下端面である開口の高さ)を表すピックアップ高さデータ578(n)等のうちの1つ以上が含まれる。
撮像画像データの一例を図20に概念的に示す。図20に示すように、撮像画像データ580には、複数個のリード部品480の各々に対応する複数の画像データである個別画像データ582(k){k=1,2,3・・・}が含まれる。個別画像データ582(k)は、リード部品480の各々の平面視における形状を表す画像データである。個別画像データ582(k)に基づけば、それに対応するリード部品がピックアップ対象部品であるか否かがわかる。
[I]撮像画像データ580がパーツデータ570(1)に基づいて処理される。パーツデータ570(1)のうちの形状データ572(1)と個別画像データ582(k){k=1,2,3・・・}とがそれぞれ比較され、個別画像データ582(k)のうちパーツデータ570(1)の形状データ572(1)と一致するものが抽出される。そして、一致する個別画像データ582(k)に対応するリード部品480がピックアップ対象部品480t(1)とされる。比較する場合に、形状データ572(1)と個別画像データ582(1)との少なくとも一方が回転させられる。そして、一致する場合の少なくとも一方の回転角度に基づき、ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)の姿勢(傾きθ)が求められる。傾きθは、XY座標上の基準線A(例えば、X方向またはY方向と平行な線とすることができる)と個別画像データ572(k)の基準線B(例えば、リード線484と平行な線とすることができる)との間の角度である(例えば、時計方向を正の角度として定めておくことができる)。また、個別画像データ572(k)のXY座標上の位置が、予め定められた基準位置マーク(例えば、部品支持面198等に形成しておくことができる)に対応する画像データ等に基づいて取得されるのであり、個別画像データ572(k)に対応するピックアップ対象部品480t(1)のXY座標上の位置が取得される。上述のように取得されたピックアップ対象部品480tのXY座標上の位置を表すデータおよび傾きθを表すデータ(以下、位置・傾きデータと総称する)は記憶される。
また、ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)のピックアップ等に関するパタメーラはパーツデータ570(1)のうちのノズル径データ574(1)、ピックアップ高さデータ578(1) 、最大加速度データ576(1)等で決まる。
[III]撮像画像データ580がパーツデータ570(3)に基づいて処理される。同様に、パーツデータ570(3)の形状データ572(3)と一致する個別画像データ582(k)に対応する部品がピックアップ対象部品480t(3)とされるとともに、位置・傾きデータが取得されて、記憶される。また、ピックアップ対象部品480t(3)のピックアップ等に関するパタメーラはパーツデータ570(3)に基づいて決まる。
ステップ1(以下、S1と略称する。他のステップについても同様とする)において、撮像装置90により部品支持面198に支持されたばら状態にある複数個のリード部品480の撮像が行われ、撮像画像データが得られる。S2において、画像処理回数をカウントするカウンタのカウント値nが初期値1とされ、S3において、第1回目の画像処理において用いられるパーツデータ570(1)が読み込まれる。S4において、形状データ572(1)と個別画像データ582(k)の各々とが1つずつ比較され、一致するか否かが判定される。一致すると判定された場合には、その個別画像データ582(k) のXY座標上の位置および傾きθが取得される。そして、その個別画像データ582(k)に対応するリード部品がピックアップ対象部品480t(1)とされるとともに、位置・傾きデータが記憶される。
例えば、図20において、個別画像データ582(1)は形状データ572(1)と一致すると判定されるため、個別画像データ582(1)のXY座標上の位置、傾きθ1が取得される。個別画像データ582(1)に対応するリード部品480がピックアップ対象部品480t(1)とされるのであり、ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)の位置・傾きが取得されて記憶される。個別画像データ582(2)は形状データ572(1)と一致しないため、S4の判定がNOとなり、位置・傾き等が取得されることはない。個別画像データ582(3)についても一致しない。そして、すべての個別画像データ582(k)について、形状データ572(1)と一致するか否かの判定、一致する場合の位置および傾きの取得、記憶等が終了すると、S6の判定がYESとなり、第1回目の画像処理が終了する。
例えば、個別画像データ582(2)は形状データ572(2)と一致すると判定され、個別画像データ582(2)に対応するリード部品がピックアップ対象部品480t(2)とされる。また、位置・傾きθ2が取得され、位置・傾きデータが記憶される。個別画像データ582(3),582(4)は一致しないと判定される。すべての個別画像データ582(k)についての処理が終了すると、S6の判定がYESとなり、第2回目の画像処理が終了する。
次に、S7,8の実行後、第3回目の画像処理が同様に行われるのであり、第3回目の画像処理に用いられるパーツデータ570(3)が読み込まれ、形状データ572(3)と個別画像データ582(k)の各々とが一致するか否かが判定され、一致すると判定された場合に、位置および傾きが取得され、記憶される。例えば、個別画像データ582(5)は形状データ572(3)と一致すると判定されるため、個別画像データ582(5)に対応するリード部品がピックアップ対象部品480t(3)とされ、ピックアップ対象部品480t(3)の位置・傾きθ5が取得され、記憶される。S7において、カウント値nが1増加させられて、4になると、S8の判定がYESとなり、本プログラムが終了させられるのであり、3回の画像処理が終了する。
なお、撮像画像データ580に含まれる個別画像データ582(k)のうち、形状データ572(1)~(3)のいずれとも一致しなかった個別画像データ582(k)に対応するリード部品480は、非ピックアップ対象部品480sとされる。
S21において、パーツデータ570(n)をカウントするカウンタのカウント値mが初期値1とされ、S22において、パーツデータ570(1)のノズル径データ574(1)、ピックアップ高さデータ578(1)、最大加速度データ576(1)が読み込まれるとともに、画像処理プログラムのS5の実行等により記憶されたピックアップ対象部品480t(1)の各々の位置・傾きデータが読み込まれる。
そして、S23において、ノズル径データ574(1)に基づき、吸着ノズル362を交換する必要があるか否かが判定される。交換する必要がある場合には判定がYESとされ、S24においてノズルの交換が行われる。部品保持ヘッド300がノズル収容装置430の所定の位置まで移動させられ、その時点において取り付けられている吸着ノズル362が外され、ノズル径データ574(1)で決まる吸着ノズルが取り付けられる。ノズル収容装置430において、シャッタ移動装置434によりシャッタが取出許容位置へ移動させられ、部品保持ヘッド300において、電磁弁424c、dの制御により吸着ノズル362の着脱が行われる。吸着ノズル362を交換する必要がない場合にはS24のステップは実行されない。
本実施例においては、部品保持ヘッド300に保持される部品保持具としての吸着ノズルが1つであるため、S23の判定がYESである場合には交換後の吸着ノズルが特定部品保持具に対応し、S23の判定がNOであるある場合にはその時点において保持されている吸着ノズルが特定部品保持具に対応する。
また、部品のピックアップ時に、吸着ノズル362は非旋回位置に位置し、部品キャリヤへの移動の間に90度旋回位置へ旋回させられ、リード484が下向きとされる。但し、旋回方向が一方向に決まっているため、吸着ノズル362はピックアップに先立ち、傾きθに基づいて決まる角度だけ非旋回位置に位置する状態で自身の軸線まわりに回転させられ、吸着ノズル362の鉛直な旋回平面が、部品支持面198上に載置された部品480のリード484の長手方向に平行な鉛直面と平行となり、かつ、旋回によりリード484が下向きとなる位相に回転させられる。
吸着ノズル362はまた、ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)の吸着後、スプライン軸392の軸線まわりに回転させられ、部品本体482の鉛直線まわりの回転位相が本体部受容凹部502の回転位相と合わされる。
そして、ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)のすべてが部品受部材460へ移動させられた場合には、S27の判定がYESとなり、S28において、カウント値mが1増加させられ、S29において、カウント値が(Nd=3)より大きいか否かが判定される。ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)~(3)すべての部品受部材460への移動が終了していない場合には、S29の判定がNOとなり、S22に戻され、カウント値2のパーツデータ570(2)が読み込まれるとともに、ピックアップ対象部品480t(2)の各々の位置・傾きデータが読み込まれる。
例えば、吸着ノズル362は、ピックアップ対象部品480tの上向き面の形状等に適した大きさのノズル径のものが用いられる。仮に、すべてのピックアップ対象部品480tに対して大きなノズル径の吸着ノズル362が用いられる場合には、図18(a),(b)に示す姿勢のリード部品480は、上向き面の吸着可能な部分の面積が小さいため、非ピックアップ対象部品とされる。換言すれば、ピックアップ対象部品は、図18(c)の姿勢にあるリード部品480のみとなる。それに対して、上向き面の形状等に適したノズル径の吸着ノズルが選択されるようにすれば、図18(a),(b)に示す姿勢のリード部品480もピックアップ対象部品とされる。その結果、1回のばら部品の供給でピックアップ可能なリード部品480を増やすことができるのであり、戻されるリード部品480の個数(非ピックアップ対象部品480sの個数)を減らすことができる。
また、ばら部品供給装置18のシャトル装置304,306を除く部分が、装置本体10から外されることにより、ばら部品供給装置18のメンテナンスが容易に行われ得る。
撮像装置90による撮像は、部品保持ヘッド300によるリード部品480のピックアップ毎に、そのピックアップに先立って行われ、吸着ノズル362(部品保持ヘッド300)が部品支持面198上のリード部品480を保持した後、部品受部材460へ搬送されるのと並行して行われる。部品保持ヘッド300は、撮像装置90と部品支持面198との間の高さ領域を移動させられるため、撮像装置90と部品保持ヘッド300とが干渉することがない。そのため、撮像装置90は、部品支持面198上に位置したままとされ、リード部品480を保持した部品保持ヘッド300が退避した後、撮像を行う。それにより、例えば、1つの部品供給ユニット96において先のリード部品480のピックアップ作動等により次にピックアップされる予定のピックアップ対象部品480tの位置,姿勢が変わることがあっても、その変化が取得される。
さらに、吸着ノズル362により部品支持面198に支持された部品がピックアップされ、直接基板12に供給されるようにすることもできる。その場合には、部品保持ヘッド移動装置302による部品保持ヘッド300の移動範囲が保持された基板12を含む範囲とされる。
本実施例においては、部品保持具がチャック580であるため、図18(d)に示すように、吸着が困難な側面486dが上向き面である姿勢のリード部品480もピックアップ対象部品480t(4)とされる。上向き面が吸着な困難な形状を成した面であっても、互いに対向する側面486b、cを一対の爪部582p,qによって把持することができる。例えば、図20に示す撮像画像データ580に含まれる個別画像データ582(4)に対応するリード部品480がピックアップ対象部品480t(4)とされる。
一方、チャック580によるリード部品480の保持力がピックアップ対象部品480tの幅が異なってもほぼ同じである場合には、最大加速度はピックアップ対象部品480tの姿勢が変わっても同じ大きさとすることができる。その場合には、ピップアップ対象部品480tのピックアップ等に関するパラメータを表すデータに最大加速度データを含ませる必要は必ずしもない。
本実施例においては、形状データ592(1)~(4)の各々と撮像画像データ580との比較により画像処理が4回行われ、ピックアップ対象部品480t(1)~(4)が決定される。また、これらピックアップ対象部品480t(1)~(4)がそれぞれチャック580によりピックアップされ、部品受部材460に移動させられることにより、部品キャリヤ450,452に整列させられる。
手置き部品トレイ600は、本体80への取付け後、あるいは取付けに先立ってばら部品供給装置の外で、作業者により部品604が置かれる。このような手置き部品トレイを用いた部品の供給は、リードが曲がり易い部品,部品同士を接触させたくない部品,振動が加えられることが望ましくない部品,大型の部品等の供給に適している。
なお、手置き部品トレイ600の大きさは問わない。部品供給ユニット96の幅とほぼ同じ幅のものとしたり、部品供給ユニット96の幅より大きいものとしたりすること等ができる。
例えば、作業ヘッド移動装置54の装着ヘッド50,52の移動範囲内に、部品支持部材150、または、手置き部品トレイ600が配設された場合には、装着ヘッド50,52によりばら状態にある部品480,604が直接ピックアップされ、基板12に直接装着されるようにすることができる。その場合には、部品支持部材150、または、手置き部品トレイ600に支持された複数個のばら状態にある部品480,604は装着ヘッド50に設けられた撮像装置22によって撮像されるようにすることができる。
また、これら部品支持部材150、または、手置き部品トレイ600に支持されたばら状態にある部品480,604は、装着ヘッド50,52において、部品保持具70が水平軸線回りに旋回可能に保持させられ、その水平軸線回りに旋回可能な部品保持具70によって保持されるようにすることができる。実施例1における場合と同様に、撮像画像データに基づいて、ばら状態にある部品480,604の姿勢が取得され、それに応じて部品保持具70が交換されたり、ピックアップ対象部品の姿勢で決まる高さでピックアップされたり、姿勢で決まる最大加速度を超えないように搬送されたりする。
なお、装着ヘッド50,52の少なくとも一方は、環状あるいは直線状に並んで設けられた複数の部品保持具を保持可能なヘッドとすることもできる。
本実施例においては、手置き部品トレイ600等が実装用ばら部品支持部に対応し、撮像装置22が実装用撮像装置に対応し、部品保持具70が実装用部品保持具に対応し、装着ヘッド50,52が実装用部品保持ヘッドに対応し、作業ヘッド移動装置54が実装用保持ヘッド移動装置に対応する。また、制御装置26(装着装置20の個別制御装置を含む)の作業ヘッド移動装置54を制御する部分等により実装用保持ヘッド移動制御装置が構成される。実装用保持ヘッド移動制御装置のうち、撮像画像データに基づいてピックアップ高さを取得する部分等によりピックアップ高さ取得部が構成され、ピックアップ高さに基づいて作業ヘッド移動装置54を制御する部分等によりピックアップ高さ移動制御部が構成される。
Claims (7)
- 同じ種類の複数個の部品をばら状態で支持するばら部品支持部と、
そのばら部品支持部に支持された前記ばら状態にある前記複数個の部品を撮像する撮像装置と、
前記ばら部品支持部に支持された前記ばら状態にある前記複数個の部品の各々をピックアップして保持可能な部品保持具を1つ以上備えた部品保持ヘッドと、
その部品保持ヘッドを、少なくとも、前記ばら部品支持部と前記部品を次工程へ引渡可能な部品引渡部との間で移動させる保持ヘッド移動装置と
を含み、前記ばら部品支持部に支持された前記複数の部品の各々をピックアップして、前記部品引渡部に予め定められた姿勢で整列させるばら部品供給装置に、
前記撮像装置の撮像によって得られた画像データである撮像画像データに基づいて前記1つ以上の前記部品保持具のうちの1つを変更する保持具変更装置を設けたことを特徴とするばら部品供給装置。 - 当該ばら部品供給装置が、互いに異なる複数種類の前記部品保持具を収容する保持具収容装置を含み、
前記保持ヘッド移動装置が、前記部品保持ヘッドを、前記ばら部品支持部と前記保持具収容装置との間で移動可能な変更用移動部を含み、
前記保持具変更装置が、前記撮像画像データに基づいて、前記1つ以上の前記部品保持具のうちの1つを交換する保持具交換部を含む請求項1に記載のばら部品供給装置。 - 前記部品保持ヘッドが、種類が互いに異なる複数の前記部品保持具を備え、
前記保持具変更装置が、前記撮像画像データに基づいて、前記複数の前記部品保持具のうち、前記複数個の部品のうちの少なくとも1つであるピックアップ対象部品をピックアップする部品保持具である特定部品保持具の位置決めを行う保持具位置決め部を含む請求項1に記載のばら部品供給装置。 - 前記保持ヘッド移動装置が、前記1つ以上の部品保持具のうち、前記複数の部品のうちの少なくとも1つであるピックアップ対象部品をピックアップする部品保持具である特定部品保持具を、前記撮像画像データに基づいて決まる高さに移動可能なピックアップ用移動部を含み、
前記特定部品保持具が、そのピックアップ用移動部によって移動させられた前記高さにおいて、前記ピックアップ対象部品の各々をピックアップするものである請求項1ないし3のいずれか1つに記載のばら部品供給装置。 - 前記保持ヘッド移動装置が、前記撮像画像データに基づいて決まる加速度を超えない加速度で、前記1つ以上の前記部品保持具のうちの少なくとも1つが前記部品を保持した状態において、前記部品保持ヘッドを移動させる加速度制限移動部を含む請求項1ないし4のいずれか1つに記載のばら部品供給装置。
- 前記請求項1ないし5のいずれか1つに記載のばら部品供給装置を含み、前記ばら部品供給装置によって供給された部品を回路基板に実装する部品実装装置であって、
前記複数個の部品の各々が、互いに形状が異なる複数の面を有するものであり、
前記撮像画像データが、前記複数個の部品の各々の平面視における形状を表す個別画像データを複数含み、
当該部品実装装置が、前記撮像画像データを処理して、少なくとも前記複数個の部品の各々の姿勢をそれぞれ取得する撮像画像データ処理装置を備え、その撮像画像データ処理装置によって取得された前記複数個の部品の各々の姿勢に基づいて、前記ばら部品供給装置を制御するばら部品供給装置制御装置を含み、かつ、前記ばら部品供給装置制御装置が、
[1]前記複数の面の形状を表す複数の形状データの各々と、
[2]それら複数の形状データの各々に対応して決まる(a)前記部品保持具の種類を規定する保持具種類規定データと、(b)前記部品保持具の前記部品のピックアップ高さを表すピックアップ高さデータと、(c)前記部品保持具を移動させる際の最大加速度を規定する最大加速度データとのうちの1つ以上とを含むパーツデータを複数記憶するパーツデータ記憶部を含むことを特徴とする部品実装装置。 - 同じ種類の複数個の部品を任意の姿勢であるばら状態で支持する実装用ばら部品支持部と、
その実装用ばら部品支持部に支持された前記ばら状態にある前記複数個の部品を撮像する実装用撮像装置と、
前記実装用ばら部品支持部に支持された前記ばら状態にある前記複数個の部品の各々をピックアップして保持する実装用部品保持具を1つ以上備えた実装用部品保持ヘッドと、
その実装用部品保持ヘッドを、少なくとも、前記実装用ばら部品支持部と回路基板との間で移動させる実装用保持ヘッド移動装置と、
前記実装用撮像装置の撮像によって得られた画像データである撮像画像データに基づいて前記実装用保持ヘッド移動装置を制御する実装用保持ヘッド移動制御装置と
を含むとともに、
前記実装用保持ヘッド移動制御装置が、
(a)前記撮像画像データを処理して、少なくとも前記複数個の部品の各々の姿勢をそれぞれ取得する撮像画像データ処理装置と、
(b)その撮像画像データ処理装置によって取得された前記複数個の部品の各々の姿勢に基づいて、前記複数個の部品のうちの少なくとも1つであるピックアップ対象部品の各々をピックアップする際の高さであるピップアック高さを取得するピックアップ高さ取得部と、
(c)そのピックアップ高さ取得部によって取得された前記ピックアップ高さに、前記1つ以上の実装用部品保持具のうちの前記ピックアップ対象部品をピックアップする1つである特定実装用部品保持具を移動させるピックアップ高さ移動制御部とを含むことを特徴とする部品実装装置。
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TWI787758B (zh) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-12-21 | 日商椿本鏈條股份有限公司 | 工件移載方法以及工件移載系統 |
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EP3154326B1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
EP3154326A4 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CN106465572A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
US10485151B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
CN110719729A (zh) | 2020-01-21 |
JPWO2015186188A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
US11051437B2 (en) | 2021-06-29 |
US20170196131A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
US20200015394A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
JP6373984B2 (ja) | 2018-08-15 |
EP3154326A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
CN106465572B (zh) | 2019-10-22 |
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