WO2015152204A1 - 多層シートおよびそれを用いた一体化シート並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multilayer sheet comprising at least two types of polymer compound layers, which can be suitably used as a support such as an anti-adhesion material, which can be used mainly in the living body or in an environment where moisture adheres, and the multilayer sheet
- the present invention relates to an integrated sheet using the same and a manufacturing method thereof.
- Patent Document 1 For example, in order to reduce adhesion formation, the use of a water-soluble adhesion preventing material such as a sodium alginate aqueous solution or a sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution has been proposed (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 a water-soluble adhesion preventing material such as a sodium alginate aqueous solution or a sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution has been proposed.
- Patent Document 1 Although the anti-adhesion agent described in Patent Document 1 has a certain effect, it does not stay in the necessary place because it is water-soluble and does not stay in the necessary place. It even had the potential to cause site adhesions.
- a method in which a physical barrier is provided on a damaged tissue so that the tissues do not adhere to each other.
- physical barriers include polypropylene resin, silicone resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, and the like, and can sufficiently have a function as a barrier. The problem is that the activity is relatively low and remains without being absorbed into the living body.
- an anti-adhesion material using a natural polymer compound that is a bioabsorbable material has been developed.
- an adhesion preventing material composed of sodium hyaluronate and carboxymethyl cellulose has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).
- these raw materials used in this proposal have high water absorption, there is a problem that the materials adhere to the surgical tool or water of an organ other than the affected tissue, which is difficult to operate.
- hydrophilic polysaccharides to develop adhesiveness when the surface is wet, it has excellent biocompatibility and satisfies the strength when wet and crack resistance when bent
- An anti-adhesion material has been studied and proposed (see Patent Document 3).
- this proposal also has a problem that it becomes sticky when wet before being adhered to the tissue.
- Patent Document 4 an anti-adhesive material that is not sticky even when wet has been proposed by coating the surface of the polysaccharide with an aliphatic ester against wetting. It is not excellent, and operability is difficult compared to knitted or non-woven fabrics.
- anti-adhesion materials using oxidized cellulose are known, but if this anti-adhesion material is made of sponge or knit made of oxidized cellulose in the presence of blood, it has excellent flexibility and operability. It may not be effective and may promote adhesions.
- Patent Document 5 a multilayer structure anti-adhesion material including a hydrophobic nanofiber structure base layer and a hydrophilic polymer compound layer has been proposed (Patent Document 5).
- the anti-adhesion agent described in Patent Document 5 has a nanofiber structure and is excellent in flexibility and operability
- the hydrophobic substrate layer has a fiber structure and has good water permeability.
- the hydrophilic polymer compound layer dissolves and adheres, so that there is a problem that handling properties are not excellent.
- JP-A-57-167919 JP 2003-518167 A Japanese Patent No. 5143396 International Publication No. 11/081162 Special table 2009-506661
- An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-adhesion material that solves problems related to operability, strength, etc. associated with wetting as seen in conventional anti-adhesion materials.
- the present invention provides a biodegradable absorbent base material that is poor in operability or has been restricted in use in the presence of water and blood, and a support that is a multilayer sheet that satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3): Solving the above objectives by integrating the body:
- a certain time is required from the time when moisture adheres to the outermost surface of the multilayer sheet until the other outermost layer dissolves.
- operability such as a knitted fabric or a nonwoven fabric can be provided.
- the multilayer sheet and the base material are integrated, and the base material surface is attached to the tissue as an adhesion preventing material, for example, and then the multilayer sheet is quickly detached.
- the inventors of the present invention have laminated at least one layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound with controlled solubility and a fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound.
- the present inventors have found that a multilayer sheet that solves the above-described problems can be obtained by forming a multilayer sheet composed of the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound as at least one of the outermost layers.
- the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound has a thickness of 0.1 to 1,000 ⁇ m
- the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound has a thickness of 10 to It is preferable to be in the range of 10,000 ⁇ m.
- the fiber diameter of the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound preferably has at least a part of a film structure composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the solubility of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound forming the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound in water at a temperature of 95 ° C. is 10% of the solubility in water at a temperature of 20 ° C. It is preferable that it is twice or more.
- the compound constituting the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound is a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a functional group introduced by copolymerization, terminal modification and post-reaction, It is preferably selected from pullulan, hyaluronic acid, alginic acid and any combination thereof.
- the present inventors have found that the above multilayer sheet can be obtained by using a production method that satisfies the following requirements (1) to (5):
- a polymer compound solution is prepared by dissolving a polymer compound in a solvent containing at least part of water or an organic solvent. (2) A part of the solvent is volatilized when the layer is formed using the polymer compound solution as a raw material. (3) After forming the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound, the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is laminated thereon. (4) When the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is formed on the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound, the fiber layer made of the water-soluble polymer compound (B) partly dissolves. (5) Laminating the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound so as to be the outermost layer.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is preferably formed on the fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound by an electrospinning method.
- the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode when forming the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound by electrospinning is preferably in the range of 3 to 10 cm. preferable.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. (1) A layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound are laminated one or more layers, and at least one of the outermost layers is composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound. Time required for the other outermost layer to dissolve after the water is dropped on the surface of the outermost layer which is the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound in the multilayer sheet as the layer (A) Is a multilayer sheet having a duration of 10 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the compound constituting the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is selected from highly saponified polyvinyl alcohol, fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, and any combination thereof.
- the multilayer sheet according to any one of (1) to (6) and a base material (C) comprising a poorly water-soluble polymer compound are laminated and integrated, and the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound Is an integrated sheet in which one of the outermost layers is formed and the base material (C) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound forms the other outermost layer.
- a first step of forming a fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound by collecting fibers obtained by spinning a solution of the water-soluble polymer compound, and a poorly water-soluble polymer compound The fiber obtained by spinning the solution is collected on the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound to form the second layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the second step when fibers obtained by spinning a solution of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound are collected, a part of the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound is dissolved.
- a multilayer sheet composed of at least a layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound is obtained.
- An integrated sheet is obtained by laminating and integrating the base material.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention is composed of at least a layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound, it has two-sided solubility in water, It has flexibility and shape memory. For this reason, when using the multilayer sheet of this invention as a support body of a biodegradable absorptive base material, the handleability of the integrated base material is improved. Furthermore, since water adhesion to the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound of the outermost layer shows a certain water resistance, it can be used in a living body or in an environment where moisture adheres to the outermost layer.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention can be suitably used as a support for an adhesion preventing material that requires a certain level of water resistance and handleability.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship among the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode, the thickness of the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound, and the water resistance of the multilayer sheet in the multilayer sheet of the present invention.
- At least one layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and at least one fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound are laminated, and at least one of the outermost layers is the above-mentioned poorly water-soluble compound.
- a multilayer sheet comprising a layer (A) comprising a polymer compound, wherein water is dropped on the surface of the outermost layer (A) comprising a poorly water-soluble polymer compound, and then the other outermost layer is dissolved. The time required until is within the range of 10 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the above time is measured based on a method similar to the dropping method of JIS L 1907 (2010). Specifically, as in the dropping method of JIS L 1907 (2010), the height from the surface of the test piece to the tip of the burette is adjusted to 10 mm. When water drops from the burette (about 0.04 ml) and the water reaches the surface of the outermost layer (A) of the test piece, the water is the outermost layer (A), its lower layer, and the lowermost layer. When the water penetrates to the other outermost layer and the other outermost layer dissolves, the end time is taken as the end time, and the time required from the start time to the end time is measured.
- Dissolution here means that 20% of the polymer compound constituting the layer is dissolved in water, or that the shape of the layer cannot be maintained and collapses, and is visually observed from various directions such as the outermost layer (A) side and the cross-sectional side. Check to determine if it has dissolved.
- the polymer compound constituting the layer is 20% dissolved in water means that, in the dissolution time measurement, the color of the test piece changes from white to transparent at the portion where water penetrates to the outermost layer. This means that after dropping one drop of water, the water drop is observed from directly above the test piece, and the ratio of the area of the transparently changed portion to the area of the circle of the water drop is 20%.
- a part of the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound has a discontinuous film having a thickness of nano-order or sub-micron order or a defect in a part thereof. It consists of a layered film.
- the basis weight of the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is in the range of 1 to 200 g / m 2
- the fiber layer (B ) Is in the range of 5 to 500 g / m 2 .
- the compound constituting the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is a highly saponified polyvinyl alcohol, a fully saponified polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxy Selected from methylcellulose and any combination thereof.
- the tensile strength is 0.1 to 5.0 N / mm.
- the multilayer sheet and the base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound are laminated and integrated, and the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is one outermost layer. And the base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound constitutes the other outermost layer.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention requires a certain amount of time after the moisture adheres to the outermost layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound until the other outermost layer dissolves. Therefore, using the multilayer sheet as a support, a base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is laminated and integrated, and the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the base material (C) made of each is an integrated sheet having an outermost layer, handling properties can be improved by giving the base material properties such as a knitted fabric and a non-woven fabric.
- the fiber sheet (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound is provided on the integrated sheet, for example, the surface of the integrated sheet having the base material (C) is attached to the wound tissue as an adhesion preventing material. After that, the multilayer sheet as a support can be quickly detached.
- the functionalities required for the multilayer sheet as the support are (1) having a certain basis weight to give the integrated adhesion prevention material a hand-held feeling like having gauze, and (2) integrating it.
- the anti-adhesive material can be rolled up to be small and flexible so that the anti-adhesion material does not interfere with the tissue. (3) The rolled anti-adhesive material can be expanded and restored. (4) It has a certain strength to the extent that it cannot be broken when a jig such as a trocar in laparoscopic surgery is used, or can be cut with scissors, and (5) a target. In order to affix the anti-adhesion material integrated into the tissue, it must not dissolve in water or blood that may come into contact during surgery.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention preferably satisfies these requirements.
- the poorly water-soluble polymer compound that forms the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is obtained by weighing 1 g of a polymer compound at room temperature (20 ° C. ⁇ 5 ° C.) under an atmosphere of 1 atm.
- a polymer compound in which 20% by mass or more can be dissolved in high-temperature water at a temperature of 95 ° C. or higher, and 80% by mass or more does not precipitate as a solid content when slowly cooled to room temperature is included in the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the poorly water-soluble polymer compound forming the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound has a solubility in water at a temperature of 95 ° C. when preparing an aqueous solution, and is soluble in water at a temperature of 20 ° C. It is preferable that it is 10 times or more.
- the formed layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is relatively easy to dissolve in high-temperature water and relatively difficult to dissolve in room-temperature water.
- the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound that the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is dissolved in high-temperature water and then slowly cooled and the hardly water-soluble polymer compound does not precipitate even at room temperature. It is. Furthermore, as will be described later, the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is a discontinuous film or a layered film having a deficient portion in part. ) Is the preferred embodiment because it can balance water permeability and water retention with respect to the multilayer sheet having outermost layer.
- the poorly water-soluble polymer compound forming the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound include highly saponified polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter, polyvinyl alcohol may be referred to as PVA), and fully saponified PVA.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- Oxazoline-modified silicone such as poly (N-propanoylethyleneimine) graft-dimethylsiloxane / ⁇ -aminopropylmethylsiloxane copolymer, zein (main component of corn protein), polyester, polylactic acid, polyacrylonitrile, polymethacrylic acid , Polystyrene, polyvinyl butyral, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyurethane, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, and other synthetic polymer compounds, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydride Semi-synthetic polymer compounds such as celluloses such as xylpropylcellulose and hydroxymethylcellulose; polysaccharides such as starch that is amylose, amylopectin, or a mixture thereof; and xylans such as arabinoxylan and glucuronoxylan; and galactans Examples include pectin polysaccharides, mannans such
- poorly water-soluble polymer compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the solubility in water at a temperature of 95 ° C. is particularly greater than the solubility in water at a temperature of 20 ° C.
- Highly saponified PVA and fully saponified PVA are preferably used.
- the poorly water-soluble polymer compound when a multilayer sheet is formed and used as a support for an anti-adhesion material, even if the multilayer sheet is left as it is without being peeled, it is absorbed into the living body or due to physiological action.
- the poorly water-soluble polymer compound preferably has biocompatibility.
- PVA and celluloses have long been known as biocompatible materials and can be used preferably because they can adjust solubility and aqueous solution viscosity by controlling the degree of saponification, degree of esterification, and degree of polymerization, and are versatile. It is done.
- the material having “biocompatibility” refers to a material that gives little or no irritation or adverse effect to living tissue. More specifically, the material does not generate or elute substances harmful to the living tissue, and the living tissue that comes into contact with the material judges the material as a foreign substance and protects against inflammation and blood coagulation. It means something that shows no reaction.
- PVA used for the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound can be obtained by saponifying a polymer mainly having vinyl ester units.
- Vinyl compound monomers for forming vinyl ester units include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valelate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl pivalate and Examples thereof include vinyl versatate, and among these, vinyl acetate is preferably used from the viewpoint of easily obtaining PVA.
- the PVA used for the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound preferably has a saponification degree of 92.5 to 100 mol%, and if the saponification degree is at least 40 mol%, the thermal stability of the PVA is high. It is good and hardly melts or gelates, so melt spinning is possible. Further, the above high degree of saponification is a more preferable embodiment because the polymer compound constituting the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is difficult to dissolve in room temperature water.
- PVA having a saponification degree of less than 99.99 mol% does not cause a decrease in solubility and enables more stable melt spinning. Therefore, the saponification degree is more preferably 95 to 99.99 mol%.
- a particularly preferred embodiment is 98 to 99.98 mol%.
- the PVA used for the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound preferably has a degree of polymerization of 150 to 10,000. When the degree of polymerization is within this range, the aqueous solution has sufficient solubility in water and good moldability after water volatilization.
- the degree of polymerization of PVA is more preferably 300 in order to impart water resistance to the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound and to further improve the moldability after water volatilization. Or more, more preferably 500 or more.
- PVA has a high degree of polymerization, and it is difficult to be decomposed, absorbed, metabolized and excreted in vivo, and when it is made into an aqueous solution, it has a high viscosity and the layer formation efficiency is lowered. More preferably 1,500 or less.
- the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound preferably has at least a part of a film structure made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is a film having a non-uniform nano-order or sub-micron-order thickness or a film laminated in a layer having a defect in part.
- the poorly water-soluble material constituting the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound High-molecular compounds do not dissolve immediately, but membranes with non-uniform thickness of nano-order or sub-micron order or membranes with some defects do not pass immediately, but pass after a certain time. This is preferable.
- the number of times of lamination is not particularly limited as long as the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound becomes too thick and does not impair the texture as a multilayer sheet.
- the plurality of layers are preferably several layers (2 to 3 layers) to 20,000 layers in terms of achieving both water resistance and texture. From the viewpoint of uniformly forming the film on the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound, the number of layers is more preferably 20 layers or more, and still more preferably 100 layers or more.
- the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound may be a uniform complete film, but it is preferable not to impair the flexibility of the entire multilayer sheet.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound may be composed of a fiber structure instead of a film structure.
- layers other than the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound form at least a part of the film composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the structure which has is mentioned.
- the layer (A) which consists of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound A dense fiber structure that is difficult to pass water is preferable.
- membrane can be contained in a part of layer (A) which consists of a poorly water-soluble high molecular compound which consists of fiber structures.
- the fibers may be long fibers or short fibers, and the single fiber diameter may be selected from the viewpoint of forming a dense fiber structure. The thinner it is, the more preferable it is.
- the water-soluble polymer compound forming the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound used in the present invention is 1 g of a polymer compound at room temperature (20 ° C. ⁇ 5 ° C.) in an environment of 1 atm. Then, after being immersed in 9 g of water and after a sufficient time (for example, at least 24 hours) has elapsed, the polymer compound has a property of dissolving 50% by mass or more of the immersed polymer compound.
- water-soluble polymer compound for forming the fiber layer (B) comprising the water-soluble polymer compound examples include low saponified PVA, partially saponified PVA, and further modified PVA and polyethylene having functional groups introduced by copolymerization, terminal modification and post-reaction.
- Oxide polyvinylpyrrolidone, butenediol-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin, sodium polyacrylate, thermoplastic starch, starch derivative, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyesteramide, and certain polyesters, vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer, styrene -Synthetic polymer compounds such as vinylpyrrolidone copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, water-soluble polyester, water-soluble polyurethane, water-soluble nylon, water-soluble epoxy resin, pullulan, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, poly- ⁇ -glutami Mucopolysaccharides such as acid, modified corn starch, ⁇ -glucan, gluco-oligosaccharide, heparin, keratosulfuric acid, cellulose, pectin, xylan, lignin, glucomannan, galacturon, psy
- water-soluble polymer compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- pullulan is usually advantageous in terms of availability and price
- pullulan produced by culturing yeast such as Aureobasidium in a medium containing a starch degradation product is advantageously used. It is done.
- pullulan sold by Hayashibara Shoji Co., Ltd. (trade names “Pullulan PI-20”, “Pullulan PF-20”, etc.) can be suitably used.
- Other pullulan products can be used without departing from the effects of the present invention.
- pullulan can be used with derivatized maltotriose as a repeating unit by modification such as esterification with an arbitrary degree of substitution.
- the weight average molecular weight of pullulan is preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000 daltons from the viewpoint of imparting good spinnability and also capable of forming a film into a sheet, and the weight average molecular weight is more preferably 10,000 to 500. 5,000 daltons, more preferably 50,000-350,000 daltons.
- the layer composed of the water-soluble polymer compound can be adjusted to a desired disintegration rate by selecting the weight average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of pullulan. If the weight average molecular weight is too large, the production cost of the water-soluble polymer compound increases, and when it is used as an aqueous solution, the viscosity tends to be high, and the spinning productivity is lowered. Does not occur.
- the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound is formed of fibers made of the water-soluble polymer compound, thereby increasing the degree of freedom of the layer and imparting flexibility to the multilayer sheet.
- the single fiber diameter is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 100 ⁇ m. If the single fiber diameter is 0.001 ⁇ m or more, stable spinning can be performed during spinning, and if the single fiber diameter is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, stability during spinning increases. When the single fiber diameter is 100 ⁇ m or less, sufficient flexibility and shape memory property can be imparted to the multilayer sheet.
- the fibers constituting the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound can be either long fibers or short fibers.
- the basis weight of the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is preferably in the range of 1 to 200 g / m 2 .
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound preferably satisfies the above water resistance alone.
- the basis weight is more preferably 5 g / m 2 or more, particularly preferably 10 g / m 2 or more.
- the basis weight of the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is 100 g / m 2 or less, particularly 50 g / m 2 or less, so as not to impair the sufficient flexibility and shape memory property of the multilayer sheet. It is more preferable.
- the basis weight of the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound is preferably in the range of 5 to 500 g / m 2 .
- the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound imparts sufficient flexibility and shape memory to the multilayer sheet, so that the basis weight is 10 g / m 2 or more, particularly 30 g / m 2 or more. preferable.
- the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound increases in density and decreases in flexibility when the basis weight increases with a constant thickness, and becomes bulky when the basis weight increases with a constant density. Since the handleability is lowered, the basis weight is more preferably 300 g / m 2 or less, particularly 200 g / m 2 or less.
- the basis weight of the multilayer sheet of the present invention is preferably 10 to 1,000 g / m 2 , and in order to achieve both flexibility, shape memory property and handleability, the basis weight is more preferable. Is 15 to 400 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 20 to 150 g / m 2 .
- the thickness of the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is preferably 0.1 to 1,000 ⁇ m.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is preferably uniformly formed to give a certain level of water resistance, and the thickness is more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and even more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more. .
- flexibility and shape memory property of a multilayer sheet fall as the layer (A) which consists of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound becomes thick, thickness becomes like this.
- it is 500 micrometers or less, More preferably, it is 100 micrometers or less.
- the thickness of the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound is preferably 10 to 10,000 ⁇ m.
- the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound has a thickness of preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more in order to impart sufficient flexibility and shape memory to the multilayer sheet.
- the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound becomes thicker as the thickness of the fiber layer increases, and the handleability of the multilayer sheet decreases, so the thickness is more preferably 5,000 ⁇ m or less, More preferably, it is 1,000 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the multilayer sheet of the present invention is determined from the sum of the thicknesses of the layer (A) composed of the above-mentioned poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound. In order to integrate, it becomes smaller than the sum of the thickness when each layer is produced independently. In addition, when the intermediate layer other than these and the other outermost layer are formed in the multilayer sheet, the thickness (A) of the water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) of the water-soluble polymer compound and the thickness thereof. The total thickness of the layers becomes the thickness of the multilayer sheet, but when these layers are integrated at the time of lamination, the sum of the individual thicknesses of the respective layers becomes smaller as described above.
- the thickness of the multilayer sheet is preferably 10 to 12,000 ⁇ m. In order to achieve both flexibility and shape memory property, the thickness of the multilayer sheet is more preferably 50 to 2,000 ⁇ m, still more preferably 100 to 400 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound is integrated with the support. It can be appropriately changed depending on the intended use.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention preferably has a tensile strength of 0.1 to 5.0 N / mm. When this tensile strength is present, the multilayer sheet has sufficient stiffness and can be inserted through a hole in a trocar used for laparoscopic surgery when it is within the above-mentioned thickness range.
- the tensile strength is more preferably 0.3 to 4.7 N / mm, still more preferably 0.5 to 4.5 N / mm, in consideration of handling properties and biodegradability.
- the time required from the time when water is dropped on the surface of the outermost layer (A) until the other outermost layer is dissolved is 10 seconds to 5 minutes.
- this time is 10 seconds or more, the multilayer sheet can be easily handled even in the presence of moisture or blood.
- a certain time is required until it is attached to the tissue, so this time is more preferably 30 seconds or more, and particularly preferably 1 minute or more.
- this time is 5 minutes or less, the multilayer sheet can be quickly removed after being attached to the tissue.
- This time is preferably 3 minutes or less, particularly 2 minutes or less.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention at least one layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and one or more fiber layers (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound are laminated, and at least one of the outermost layers is poorly water-soluble. It consists of the layer (A) which consists of a high molecular compound.
- the outermost layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound as the other outermost layer or intermediate layer It is preferable to form other layers and to satisfy the above-mentioned water resistance requirements including all layers.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound As layers other than the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound, the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a fiber composed of a water-soluble polymer compound As long as the functionality and texture of the layer (B) are not impaired, a water-soluble polymer compound, a poorly water-soluble polymer compound, or a compound that does not exhibit solubility in water can be appropriately used.
- the mass ratio of the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound in the multilayer sheet according to the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 50 mass%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 20 mass%.
- the proportion of the water-soluble layer comprising the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound is preferably 50 to 99.99% by mass, particularly preferably 80 to 99.9% by mass.
- Another outermost layer can be provided.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a multilayer sheet in which each of the above layers has a two-sided solubility in water and has flexibility and shape memory properties.
- this multilayer sheet as a support, the operability of the integrated base material can be improved.
- the layer opposite to the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound of the multilayer sheet is integrated with the base material, the layer (A) side composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound of the integrated sheet is Since it exhibits a certain level of water resistance, it can be used in the living body or in an environment where moisture adheres.
- the multilayer sheet can be detached from the base material by absorbing water from a cross section of the multilayer sheet into a water-soluble layer such as the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention can be suitably used as a support for an anti-adhesion material that requires operability, water resistance and detachability, but its application range is limited to this. is not.
- additives may be contained in the layer (A) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound, the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound, and other layers in the present invention.
- additives include catalysts, anti-coloring agents, heat-resistant agents, flame retardants, lubricants, antifouling agents, fluorescent whitening agents, matting agents, coloring agents, gloss improvers, antistatic agents, fragrances, anti-extinguishing agents.
- examples include odorants, antibacterial agents, acaricides, inorganic fine particles, hemostatic agents and plasticizers.
- These additives may be added to the raw material at the time of layer formation, or may be applied by a known method such as spray application or coating after the layer formation.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention includes a first step of forming a fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound by collecting fibers obtained by spinning a solution of a water-soluble polymer compound, and By collecting the fiber obtained by spinning a solution of a soluble polymer compound on the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound, a layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is formed. It can manufacture by the method including the 2nd process to do. In the method for producing a multilayer sheet of the present invention, when the fibers obtained by spinning a solution of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound are collected in the second step, a fiber layer (B ) Is partially dissolved.
- a layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is electrospun (hereinafter referred to as ESP) on a fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound. It is formed by the method.
- ESP electrospun
- the electrospinning method even when laminating an aqueous solution of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound as a raw material on a fiber layer made of a water-soluble polymer compound, by adjusting the discharge amount, voltage, and distance from the discharge to the lamination, The amount of water volatilization under the atmosphere can be controlled.
- the fiber layer can be slightly dissolved, and a film made of a mixture of a water-soluble polymer compound and a poorly water-soluble compound can be formed.
- the method of laminating the polymer while volatilizing the solvent in the air and controlling the amount of water can be appropriately applied not only to the electrospinning but also to the electrospray deposition method or the force spinning method.
- the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound can be produced by using an electrospinning method, an electrospray deposition method using a solution or a melt, and a force spinning method using centrifugal force that has been developed recently. Etc. can be used.
- filaments can be produced by melt spinning using a water-soluble thermoplastic polymer compound before making knitted or woven fabrics, and nonwoven fabric production methods such as the melt blow method, spun bond method and needle punch method should be used. You can also.
- the production method of the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound or the fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound may be any method that can form a layer based on a solution or a melt, A layer can also be formed using a composite fiber composed of two or more water-soluble thermoplastic resins.
- the layer when providing layers other than the layer (A) which consists of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound in a multilayer sheet, and the fiber layer (B) which consists of a water-soluble polymer compound, the layer consists of the above-mentioned poorly water-soluble polymer compound. It can be produced by the same method as the layer (A) and the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound, and a knitted fabric or a woven fabric can also be used.
- an ESP method, an electrospray deposition method, or the like is preferably used as a method for forming the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and other intermediate layers.
- an ESP method, an electrospray deposition method, or the like is preferably used as a method for forming the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and other intermediate layers.
- water is volatilized or the melt is solidified in the air while the solution or melt is scattered and stretched.
- the water-soluble polymer compound layer can be laminated together without dissolving the water-soluble polymer compound layer, so that when the liquid component is vaporized or solidified, it becomes minute.
- a thin film can be formed on the layer to improve the water resistance of the multilayer sheet.
- the film of the layer (A) consisting of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound without dissolving the water-soluble polymer compound layer a strict solution and melt adjustment and production environment are required.
- a forming method methods such as a spin coating method, a spray method, a roll coating method, a die coating method, and a wire bar method are also preferably used from the viewpoint of mass productivity.
- the layers prepared separately may be stacked.
- the adhesion between the layers is slightly inferior, so when stacking, a slight amount of water or an aqueous solution containing an adhesive is provided so as not to dissolve too much. May be.
- a fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound or another intermediate layer may be formed on the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is difficult to dissolve in water, when the fiber layer (B) composed of a water-soluble polymer compound is laminated, the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound Do not dissolve. Therefore, after forming the fiber layer (B) which consists of a water-soluble polymer compound used as an intermediate
- the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound are produced by the ESP method.
- a fiber made of a water-soluble polymer compound by coating an aqueous solution of the water-soluble polymer compound with an insulator, grounding it, or scattering it to a collecting electrode applied with a charge opposite to that of the aqueous solution.
- an aqueous solution of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is then scattered to form a layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound to obtain a multilayer sheet.
- the voltage is 15 to 100 kV
- the angle between the syringe and the collection electrode during spinning is ⁇ 30 to 60 degrees
- the discharge amount is 3 to 100 ml / hr
- the inner diameter of the syringe is 10
- the thickness be ⁇ 10,000 ⁇ m.
- the stage on which the syringe is installed can be moved back and forth so as to be parallel to the width direction of the collection electrode, so that the aqueous solution is easily scattered on the collection electrode.
- an electrode or the like provided with a charge opposite to that of the aqueous solution can be provided around the syringe and the collecting electrode.
- the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode during spinning by the ESP method is preferably 3 to 10 cm, more preferably 5 to 9 cm, and particularly preferably 6 to 8 cm.
- the distance between the nozzle tip and the collection electrode is 3 cm or more, the possibility of sparking between the nozzle tip and the collection electrode can be reduced, and failure of the ESP device can be prevented.
- the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 10 cm or less, the water-soluble polymer compound on the collecting electrode is evaporated before the water contained in the solution or the melt is volatilized or the melt is solidified in the air. It can collect on the fiber layer (B) which becomes.
- the fiber layer (B) consisting of the water-soluble polymer compound is partially dissolved by the solvent, and is partially missing in the nano-order or sub-micron-order thickness. It is easy to form a thin film structure having a non-uniform thickness or to achieve a desired water resistance by the thin film.
- Advantages of reducing the thickness of the layer (A) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound include that the amount of raw material used can be reduced, the spinning time can be shortened, and sufficient flexibility of the multilayer sheet can be given. It is done.
- Spinning conditions can be changed during layer formation. For example, when the voltage is lowered, the monofilament diameter is large and the bulk of the layer is increased, and when the voltage is raised, the fiber diameter is thin and the volume of the layer is reduced. It is possible to control to some extent the time from adhering to the surface until moisture enters the lower layer. Further, when the inner diameter of the nozzle is thin, the droplet at the tip becomes small, so that the single fiber diameter tends to be thin. As long as the above water resistance conditions are satisfied, the above spinning conditions can be changed as appropriate.
- Water resistance that satisfies the above conditions can be imparted mainly by controlling the raw materials and spinning conditions. Specifically, by controlling the molecular weight, polymerization degree, substituent, substitution degree, solution concentration, etc. of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound that is the raw material, the solubility of the polymer compound itself in room temperature water and the spinning yarn during spinning Sex and the like can be controlled.
- the spinning conditions are, for example, the ESP method, there are an applied voltage, a discharge amount, a distance and an angle between the syringe and the collecting electrode, temperature and humidity, etc. Further, it is necessary to make the length and width uniform. It is.
- a hardly water-soluble polymer compound that is not completely volatilized is scattered by the ESP method, so that the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is formed. It is a preferable aspect to form.
- a completely or almost completely volatilized compound is scattered on the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound.
- the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound when the poorly water-soluble polymer compound solution in which the solvent is not completely volatilized is laminated on the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound, many film-like layers containing some fibers or no fibers are present. It can be included, and sufficient water resistance can be imparted to the multilayer sheet having the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound as the outermost layer. Formation of such a layer can be achieved by adjusting the spinning conditions mentioned above.
- the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound formed by a method including the above ESP method may partially contain fibers.
- the water permeability of the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound increases as the fiber amount increases, the water resistance of the multilayer sheet decreases.
- the amount of fibers can be increased as long as the water resistance is satisfied.
- Examples of the method for forming fibers in the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound include a method of spinning a poorly water-soluble polymer compound in which the solvent is completely volatilized by the ESP method. Many voids exist in the layer (A) made of the molecular compound. Although the fiber itself, which is a poorly water-soluble polymer compound, is difficult to dissolve, there is a high possibility of water passing between the fibers. Thus, in order to develop water resistance when the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound has a fiber structure, the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is compressed by a calendar or the like.
- the layer (A) or the multilayer sheet composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound tends to be hard.
- the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound can be made into a film by heat-sealing to the surface using a poorly water-soluble thermoplastic polymer compound, and can impart water resistance. It tends to cause texture hardening and thermal decomposition of other layers.
- a process for imparting water resistance can be performed as long as it does not hinder the provision of sufficient flexibility and shape memory to the multilayer sheet.
- the production method for obtaining a multilayer sheet using only the ESP method when forming each layer is a preferable embodiment because it is environmentally friendly since only water can be used as a solvent.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of the multilayer sheet of the present invention.
- the multilayer sheet is composed of a layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a fiber layer (B) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of the integrated sheet of the present invention.
- the outermost layer of the integrated sheet is composed of a layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a base material (C) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- a fiber layer (B) of molecular compounds is interposed.
- the integrated sheet of the present invention is a sheet in which a multilayer sheet and a substrate (C) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound are laminated and integrated, and the layer (A) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a poorly water-soluble polymer It is preferable that the base material (C) which consists of a compound forms outermost layer.
- both outermost layers are layers made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound, so that even when moisture or blood adheres to the outermost layer, sufficient handleability can be imparted. .
- a fiber made of a water-soluble polymer compound can be obtained by applying water from the side surface after affixing a base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound to a target site such as a wound tissue. Since the layer is easily dissolved, the support of the multilayer sheet can be quickly removed.
- Examples of the compound constituting the base material (C) comprising the poorly water-soluble polymer compound used in the present invention include polypeptides, polyamino acids, polysaccharides, aliphatic polyesters, poly (ester-ether), poly (ester-carbonate), Polyorthoesters), polycarbonates, poly (amide esters), poly ( ⁇ -cyanoacrylates) and polyphosphazenes. These polymer compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- a polypeptide such as albumin, fibrinogen, collagen, gelatin, or a derivative thereof; and a polyamino acid such as poly-L-glutamic acid, poly-L-leucine, poly-L-lysine, or a derivative thereof;
- An aliphatic polyester such as poly ( ⁇ -hydroxyalkanoate), polyglycolide, polylactide, polylactic acid, polyglactin, poly ( ⁇ -malic acid), poly- ⁇ -caprolactone, or derivatives thereof; poly (1,4- Poly (ester-ether) such as dioxane-2-one), poly (1,4-dioxepan-7-one), or derivatives thereof; poly (lactide-co-glycolide), poly (glycolide-co-1) , 3-dioxane-2-one) or their derivatives, such as poly (ester-carbohydrate) And polyanhydrides such as poly (sebacic anhydride), poly [ ⁇ - (carboxyphenoxy) al
- the same high molecular compound as the layer (A) which consists of a poorly water-soluble high molecular compound can also be used.
- the base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound is preferably a functional base material.
- Functional base materials are biocompatible and are used for base materials with anti-adhesion functions that can become physical barriers between tissues during surgery, pharmaceuticals and medical supplies with hemostatic components, medicinal components or antibacterial components Examples include substrates used for base materials, cosmetics having medicinal components or antibacterial components, and substrates used for electronic information materials having antistatic components or conductive components.
- it can apply also to the base material which has functionality other than these, and it is preferable that it is a base material which has an adhesion prevention function especially.
- a layer other than the layer (A) consisting of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the base material are used as the outermost layer, or a plurality of multilayer sheets are used to form both outermost layers into a multilayer sheet, and the base material is used as the inner layer.
- a plurality of base materials may be used, both outermost layers may be used as the base material, and the multilayer sheet may be used as the inner layer. Any combination of the multilayer sheet and the base material can be used.
- the anti-adhesive material is not toxic to the material and harmless to the human body, functions as a physical barrier that prevents adhesion formation while concentrating on the tissue or organ site in the body during wound healing, and the healing is finished After that, it is broken down, absorbed, metabolized, and excreted in the human body.
- the decomposition period is changed by adjusting the surface area / volume ratio of the base material layer, the composition of the polymer used, the formation of the crystal structure, the thickness of the polymer compound layer, the degree of crosslinking, and the like. In particular, it is preferably 7 days or longer.
- Compression or adhesion treatment can be performed.
- the calender treatment can reduce the fluff on the surface of the fiber layer (B) made of a water-soluble polymer compound, or can change the texture to a paper or film shape.
- friction, puncture durability and tensile strength can be improved.
- the embossing process can be expected to have the same effect as the calendar process, and higher strength against bending and strain. It can be made easy to distinguish.
- pattern formation can also be performed by methods, such as casting, and a front and back can also be made into a different pattern.
- the basis weight of the integrated sheet of the present invention is that the layer (A) composed of the above-mentioned poorly water-soluble polymer compound, the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound, a multilayer sheet composed of an intermediate layer other than these, and It is calculated
- the basis weight of the base material (C) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is sufficiently smaller than that of the multilayer sheet
- the basis weight of the integrated sheet is preferably 10 to 1,000 g / m 2 as with the multilayer sheet. In order to achieve both shape memory property and handleability, it is more preferably 15 to 400 g / m 2 , and particularly preferably 20 to 150 g / m 2 .
- the thickness of the integrated sheet of the present invention is such that the layer (A) composed of the above-mentioned poorly water-soluble polymer compound, the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound, or a multilayer sheet composed of an intermediate layer other than these, and the poorly water-soluble Although calculated
- the thickness of the base material (C) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is sufficiently smaller than that of the multilayer sheet, the thickness of the integrated sheet is preferably 10 to 12,000 ⁇ m as in the multilayer sheet. In order to achieve both flexibility and shape memory property, the thickness is more preferably 50 to 2,000 ⁇ m, still more preferably 100 to 400 ⁇ m.
- the method to manufacture the base material (C) which consists of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound in this invention is not specifically limited, If an example is given, it will be as follows. (1) On a plastic film, a base film (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and a laminated film having a layer containing a water-soluble resin, or a single film of a base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound To do. At this time, the method for laminating the layer comprising the substrate (C) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and the water-soluble resin is not particularly limited, but spin coating, spraying, roll coating, die coating, wire bar method, Examples include gravure coating, ink jet, and silk screen printing. (2) The formed laminated film or single film is peeled from the plastic film. (3) The obtained laminated film or single film is bonded and fixed to a multilayer sheet to obtain an integrated sheet.
- the method for bonding the film and the multilayer sheet is not particularly limited, but the surface of the layer containing the water-soluble resin in the laminated film of the layer containing the water-soluble resin and the base material (C) made of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound.
- water or the like is sprayed and dissolved on the surface of the fiber layer (B) made of the water-soluble polymer compound in the multilayer sheet, and the dissolved surface is brought into contact with the surface side of the layer containing each water-soluble resin to be welded.
- the base material (C) consisting of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound may be formed on the other outermost layer instead of the layer (A) consisting of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound of the multilayer sheet, and may be an integrated sheet. It is also possible to form an integrated sheet by forming a base material (C) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound and then affixing the multilayer sheet with an adhesive or the like.
- the multilayer sheet of the present invention can be used in a living body or in an environment where moisture adheres as described above, and can be preferably used as a protective material, a covering material, and a sealing material for an organ surface or a wound site.
- by laminating a water-soluble base material or a poorly water-soluble base material on a multilayer sheet or an integrated sheet it is possible to impart and improve properties such as strength and water resistance to the base material. It can also be preferably used for electronic materials.
- the basis weight of the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound is obtained by subtracting the basis weight (g / m 2 ) of the fiber layer (B) composed of the water-soluble polymer compound from the basis weight (g / m 2 ) of the multilayer sheet. Calculated.
- dissolution means that 20% of the polymer compound constituting the layer elutes in water, or that the shape of the layer cannot be maintained and collapses, and the outermost layer (A) side and cross-section are visually confirmed from various directions. It was judged whether it was dissolved.
- Three specimens having a length of 200 mm and a width of 30 mm were collected in the longitudinal direction of the multilayer sheet (the length direction of the multilayer sheet).
- the test piece is subjected to a tensile test with a constant speed extension type tensile tester at a grip interval of 100 mm and a tensile speed of 200 ⁇ 10 mm / min, and the strength (N) at the maximum load until it breaks is measured.
- the value obtained by dividing the width by 30 mm was taken as the tensile strength (N / mm).
- Example 1 Spinning of a fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound While stirring 20 parts by weight of pullulan (Hayashibara Shoji Co., Ltd.) having a weight average molecular weight of 200,000 in 80 parts by weight of water at a room temperature of 20 ° C. In addition, a 20% strength pullulan aqueous solution was obtained.
- pullulan Hayashibara Shoji Co., Ltd.
- an aqueous pullulan solution was spun by the ESP method at an atmospheric temperature of 20 ° C. and an atmospheric humidity of 40% RH.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 1 m / min, the discharge amount is 0.04 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 23.5 kV, the traverse speed is 3.3 cm / min, the traverse width is 21 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is It was 15 cm.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.10 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 36.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 7 cm. did.
- FIG. 4 the surface photograph (1000 time) of the layer (A) which consists of a water poorly soluble high molecular compound is shown.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional photograph (100 times) of the multilayer sheet.
- a solution of poly-DL-lactic acid (PURAC; part number PURASORB PDL20) dissolved in ethyl acetate is applied onto the layer containing the above water-soluble resin so that the film thickness after drying using a metalling bar is 150 nm.
- PURAC poly-DL-lactic acid
- a metalling bar is 150 nm.
- a laminated film in which a layer containing a water-soluble resin and a base material (C) composed of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound are laminated on a PET film by applying and drying at 80 ° C. for 20 seconds in a hot air drying dryer was made.
- the multilayer film is peeled off from the PET film, sprayed on the layer containing the water-soluble resin by spraying so that pure water is 5 g / m 2, and then quickly the water-soluble polymer compound of the multilayer sheet produced in (2) above
- An integrated sheet was prepared by laminating on the fiber layer (B) made of
- Example 2 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a PVA aqueous solution was spun onto a pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by an ESP method to prepare a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.10 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 3.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 5 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 10 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Example 3 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a PVA aqueous solution was spun onto a pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by an ESP method to prepare a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.10 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 32.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 7 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Example 4 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 a PVA aqueous solution was spun on the pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by the ESP method to produce a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.10 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 28.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 7 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Example 5 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 a PVA aqueous solution was spun on the pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by the ESP method to produce a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.10 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 28.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 7 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Example 6 Spinning of fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound 20 parts by mass of PVA (Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd .; product number GL-05) having a saponification degree of 86.5 to 89.0% in 80 parts by mass of water was added while stirring at room temperature of 20 ° C., and dissolved by stirring at a temperature of 90 ° C. By slowly cooling to 20 ° C., a 20% strength PVA aqueous solution was obtained.
- PVA Natural Chemical Co., Ltd .
- product number GL-05 product number
- an aqueous PVA solution was spun by the ESP method at an atmospheric temperature of 20 ° C. and an atmospheric humidity of 40% RH.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 1 m / min, the discharge amount is 0.04 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 23.5 kV, the traverse speed is 3.3 cm / min, the traverse width is 21 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is It was 15 cm.
- the fibers spun by the ESP method were collected in a non-woven shape and observed by SEM, and it was confirmed that ultrafine fibers were formed.
- Example 7 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 a PVA aqueous solution was spun on the pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by the ESP method to produce a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.01 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 28.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 7 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Example 8 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 a PVA aqueous solution was spun on the pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by the ESP method to produce a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.01 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 23.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 5. It was 5 cm.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Example 9 Spinning of the fiber layer (B) comprising a water-soluble polymer compound
- the pullulan nonwoven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a PVA aqueous solution was spun on the pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by the ESP method to produce a multilayer sheet.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.01 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 36.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 15 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed by SEM, and it was confirmed that ultrafine fibers were formed.
- Example 2 (1) Spinning of layer (A) composed of poorly water-soluble polymer compound Using an ESP device “NEU” manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd., the PVA aqueous solution described in Example 1 was used at an atmospheric temperature of 20 ° C. and an atmospheric humidity of 40% RH. Spinning by ESP method. At this time, an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- ESP device “NEU” manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.10 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 36.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 7 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven shape and observed by SEM, and it was confirmed that a very fine fiber was formed slightly with the film.
- the above PVA aqueous solution was spun by the ESP method in place of the pullulan aqueous solution under the same conditions as in Example 1 (1).
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed with an SEM. As a result, it was confirmed that a film and an ultrafine fiber were formed.
- Evaluation results Table 1 and Table 2 show the evaluation results of the pullulan nonwoven fabric subjected to the calendar treatment prepared in (1) above, and Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the integrated sheet using the pullulan nonwoven fabric. It was. Although the water resistance of the pullulan nonwoven fabric was improved, the texture was filmy and cracked when bent.
- a PVA aqueous solution was spun on a pullulan nonwoven fabric sheet by the ESP method.
- an 18 gauge (inner diameter 0.94 mm) non-beveled needle was used as a nozzle, and a commercially available aluminum foil with silicone was attached to a rotating roller having a diameter of 10 cm and a width of 30 cm as a collecting electrode.
- the rotating roller is rotated at 50 cm / min, the discharge amount is 0.01 cm 3 / min, the applied voltage is 28.0 kV, the traverse speed is 20 cm / min, the traverse width is 15 cm, and the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode is 15 cm. did.
- the PVA fiber spun by the ESP method was collected in a non-woven fabric shape and observed by SEM, and it was confirmed that ultrafine fibers were formed.
- the main form of the layer (A) composed of the poorly water-soluble polymer compound changed from nanofibers to membranes.
- the water resistance is remarkably improved by setting the distance between the nozzle tip and the collecting electrode to 9 cm, and the layer (A) made of a poorly water-soluble polymer compound forms a film.
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Abstract
Description
(2)多層シートと基材とを一体化させた際に、編物や不織布のような操作性を与えることができる。
(3)多層シートと基材とを一体化させ、基材面を、例えば癒着防止材として組織に貼り付けた後に、速やかに多層シートを脱離する。
(2)前記の高分子化合物溶液を原料として層を形成させる際に溶媒の一部を揮発させること。
(3)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)を形成後にその上に、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を積層させること。
(4)前記の水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)上に、前記の水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を形成させる際に、前記の水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)が一部溶解すること。
(5)前記の水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を最外層となるように積層させること。
(1)水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)と水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)とが各1層以上積層され、最外層の少なくとも一方が上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)である多層シートであって、上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)である最外層の表面に水を滴下させてから、もう一方の最外層が溶解するまでに要する時間が10秒~5分である、多層シート。
(2)上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が、一部に欠損を有するか、または厚みが不均一である薄膜構造を有する、(1)記載の多層シート。
(3)上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)の目付が1~200g/m2の範囲である、(1)または(2)記載の多層シート。
(4)上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を構成する化合物が、高鹸化ポリビニルアルコール、完全鹸化ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロースおよびそれらの任意の組合せから選択される、(1)~(3)のいずれか記載の多層シート。
(5)引張強さが0.1~5.0N/mmである、(1)~(4)のいずれか記載の多層シート。
(6)上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が、該層を構成する化合物の溶液をエレクトロスピニング法で紡糸して得られる繊維を上記水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)上に捕集することにより形成されており、上記紡糸は、溶液を吐出するノズル先端と捕集電極の間の距離を3~10cmの範囲に設定して行われる、(1)~(5)のいずれか記載の多層シート。
(7)(1)~(6)のいずれか記載の多層シートと水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)が積層一体化されており、上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が一方の最外層を構成し、かつ上記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)が他方の最外層を構成する一体化シート。
(8)水溶性高分子化合物の溶液を紡糸して得られた繊維を捕集することにより水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)を形成する第1の工程、および
水難溶性高分子化合物の溶液を紡糸して得られた繊維を、上記水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)上に捕集することにより、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を形成する第2の工程を含み、
上記第2の工程において、水難溶性高分子化合物の溶液を紡糸して得られた繊維を捕集した際に、水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)が一部溶解することを特徴とする、多層シートの製造方法。
(9)上記第2の工程において、紡糸がエレクトロスピニング法により行われる、(8)記載の多層シートの製造方法。
(10)上記紡糸を、溶液を吐出するノズル先端と捕集電極の間の距離を3~10cmの範囲に設定して行う、(9)記載の多層シートの製造方法。
(1)プラスチックフィルム上に、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)と水溶性樹脂を含む層を有する積層膜、あるいは水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)の単膜を形成する。このとき、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)と水溶性樹脂を含む層の積層方法は特に限定しないが、スピンコート法、スプレー法、ロールコート法、ダイコーティング法、ワイヤーバー法、グラビアコート法、インクジェット、シルクスクリーン印刷などが挙げられる。
(2)形成した積層膜または単膜をプラスチックフィルムから剥離する。
(3)得られた積層膜または単膜を、多層シートと貼り合わせて固定し、一体化シートとする。
実施例1~6および比較例1~4の多層シートの評価は以下の(1)~(6)のとおり、および一体化シートの評価は以下の(7)のとおりに行った。
タテ×ヨコ=15cm×15cmの水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)および多層シートの質量を各3点測定し、それぞれ得られた値を1m2当たりの値に換算し、その平均値を目付(g/m2)とした。水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)の目付は、多層シートの目付(g/m2)から水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の目付(g/m2)を引くことにより算出した。
水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)および水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の表面を観察面として走査型電子顕微鏡(SEMキーエンス社製VE-7800型)により1,000倍または5,000倍で観察し、観測される繊維をランダムに100本選び、繊維径を測定した値の平均値を繊維径(μm)とした。繊維がほとんど存在しない場合は、計測不可とした。
多層シートの断面を観察面として走査型電子顕微鏡(SEMキーエンス社製VE-7800型)により100倍または1,000倍で観察し、観測される各層の厚みをランダムに10点選び、測定した値の平均値を厚み(μm)とした。
JIS L 1907(2010)に類似の方法に基づき評価した。滴下法と同様に、試験片の表面からビュレットの先端までが10mmの高さになるように調整し、ビュレットから水を1滴滴下させた。水滴が試験片の最外層(A)の表面に達したときを開始時間として、水が最外層(A)、その下層、さらに最下層であるもう一方の最外層まで水が浸透して、さらにもう一方の最外層が溶解したときを終了時間とし、開始時間から終了時間までに要する時間を測定した。ここでいう溶解とは、層を構成する高分子化合物が水に20%溶出すること、あるいは層の形状を維持できずに崩れることとし、最外層(A)側や断面から多方面から目視確認して溶解したかを判断した。
多層シートの外観品位は、熟練者5名による官能評価を行い、表面品位と風合いを次の3段階判定法で評価し、○と△を合格とした。
表面品位 ○:良、△:可、×:不可。
風合い ○:ソフト、△:やや硬い、×:硬い。
JIS L 1913(2010)「一般不織布試験方法」の6.3「引張強さおよび伸び率」の6.3.1「標準時」に準拠し(ただし、試験片サイズ、つかみ間隔、および引張速度を変更した)、以下の方法で引張強さを測定した。
一体化シートを水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)が対象物側になるように貼り、水10mlを一体化シートの断面側から付与した後に、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)と多層シートが脱離するかを評価し、○を合格とした。
脱離性 ○:速やかに脱離、△:時間経過と共に脱離、×:脱離しない。
[実施例1]
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
水80質量部に重量平均分子量20万のプルラン(林原商事(株))20質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、20%濃度のプルラン水溶液を得た。
水94質量部に鹸化度99.0%以上のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JC-40)6質量部を、25℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃の温度まで徐冷して6%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。プルラン不織布シート上に、PVA水溶液をESP法で紡糸して、多層シートを作製した。このとき、ノズルとしては18ゲージ(内径0.94mm)のノンベベル針を用い、捕集電極としては直径10cm、幅30cmの回転ローラーに市販のシリコーン付きのアルミ箔を貼り付けた物を用いた。回転ローラーは50cm/分で回転させ、吐出量は0.10cm3/分、印加電圧は36.0kV、トラバース速度は20cm/分、トラバース幅は15cm、ノズル先端と捕集電極の距離は7cmとした。
加温式ホモジナイザーを用いて、水溶性樹脂であるプルラン(株式会社林原商事販売;品番PI-20)を水に溶解して水溶性樹脂エマルション液を作製し、PETフィルムの片面に、アプリケーター法にて乾燥後の膜厚が3μmになるように塗布した。熱風乾燥式ドライヤー内にて90℃で20秒間乾燥し、PETフィルム上に水溶性樹脂を含む層を作成した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性、表面品位および風合いは良好であり、一体化シートの脱離性も良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水96質量部に鹸化度99.0%以上のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JC-40)15質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して6%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性、表面品位は良好であったが、風合いはやや硬かった。一体化シートの脱離性は良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水90質量部に鹸化度98.0~99.0%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JF-20)10質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して10%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性、表面品位および風合いは良好であり、一体化シートの脱離性も良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水80質量部に鹸化度95.5~97.5%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JM-17)15質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して15%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性はやや低く、風合いがやや硬かったが、他の表面品位などの評価は良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水80質量部に鹸化度92.5~94.5%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JT-13Y)20質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して20%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性はやや低く、風合いがやや硬かったが、他の表面品位などの評価は良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
水80質量部に鹸化度86.5~89.0%のPVA(日本合成化学(株);品番GL-05)20質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、90℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して20%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
PVA不織布シート上に実施例1記載のPVA水溶液をESP法により同条件で紡糸して多層シートを作製した。ESPによりPVAは不織布状に捕集され、SEM観察したところ、膜と僅かに極細繊維が形成されていることを確認した。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性、表面品位および風合いは良好であり、一体化シートの脱離性も良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水85質量部に鹸化度98.0~99.0%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JF-10)15質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して15%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性は良好だったが、風合いが硬かった。一体化シートの脱離性は良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水73質量部に鹸化度99.1%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JF-05DH)27質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して27%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性はやや低く、風合いが硬かったが、一体化シートの脱離性は良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水78質量部に鹸化度99.1%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JF-05DH)22質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して22%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの耐水性はやや低かったが、風合い、表面品位は良好で、一体化シートの脱離性も良好であった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
積層膜の水溶性樹脂を含む層を上記の水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)に貼り合わせる以外は、実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
上記(1)で作製したプルラン不織布単独の評価結果は表1および表2に、それを用いた一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。プルラン不織布には耐水性はなく、一体化シートの表面品位については、プルラン不織布の収縮により皺が生じていた。
(1)水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)の紡糸
カトーテック社製ESP装置「NEU」を用いて、雰囲気温度20℃、雰囲気湿度40%RHで、実施例1に記載のPVA水溶液をESP法で紡糸した。このとき、ノズルとしては18ゲージ(内径0.94mm)のノンベベル針を用い、捕集電極としては直径10cm、幅30cmの回転ローラーに市販のシリコーン付きのアルミ箔を貼り付けた物を用いた。回転ローラーは50cm/分で回転させ、吐出量は0.10cm3/分、印加電圧は36.0kV、トラバース速度は20cm/分、トラバース幅は15cm、ノズル先端と捕集電極の距離は7cmとした。ESP法により紡糸されたPVA繊維は不織布状に捕集され、SEM観察したところ、膜と僅かに極細繊維が形成されていることを確認した。
積層膜の水溶性樹脂を含む層を上記の水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)に貼り合わせる以外は、実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
上記(1)で作製した不織布状PVA繊維単独の評価結果は表1および表2に、それを用いた一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。不織布状PVA繊維の耐水性は良好であったが、風合いが硬く、一体化シートの脱離性も優れなかった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
水80質量部に鹸化度86.5~89.0%のPVA(日本合成化学(株);品番GL-05)20質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、90℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して20%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
積層膜の水溶性樹脂を含む層を上記の水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)に貼り合わせる以外は、実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
上記(1)で作製したPVA不織布単独の評価結果は表1および表2に、それを用いた一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。PVA不織布はほとんど耐水性を有していなかった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸およびカレンダー処理
実施例1に記載のプルラン不織布を用いて、温度90℃、線圧2t/cm、クリアランス0.23mm、加工速度0.5m/分の条件にて金属-金属ロールのカレンダー処理を行った。
積層膜の水溶性樹脂を含む層を上記の水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)に貼り合わせる以外は、実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
上記(1)で作製したカレンダー処理を行ったプルラン不織布単独の評価結果は表1および表2に、それを用いた一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。プルラン不織布の耐水性は向上したが、風合いはフィルム状になり、屈曲させた際に割れが生じた。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
ノズル先端と捕集電極の距離を9cmとする以外は実施例1と同様にプルラン水溶液をESP法で紡糸した。ESP法により紡糸されたプルラン繊維は不織布状に捕集され、SEM観察したところ、膜と僅かに極細繊維が形成されていることを確認した。
積層膜の水溶性樹脂を含む層を上記の水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)に貼り合わせる以外は、実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
上記(1)で作製したプルラン不織布単独の評価結果は表1および表2に、それを用いた一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。プルラン不織布には耐水性はなく、風合いは硬かった。一体化シート剥離性評価時に吸水によりプルランがべたつき取り扱い性が悪かった。
(1)水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)の紡糸
プルラン不織布の製造は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
水73質量部に鹸化度99.1%のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JF-05DH)22質量部を、20℃の室温下で攪拌させながら加え、95℃の温度で攪拌させて溶解した。20℃まで徐冷して22%濃度のPVA水溶液を得た。
実施例1と同様にして一体化シートを作製した。
多層シートの評価結果は表1および表2に、一体化シートの評価結果は表2に記載のとおりであった。多層シートの風合い、表面品位は良好で、一体化シートの脱離性も良好であったものの、多層シートの耐水性が低かった。
実施例1と同様にプルラン不織布上にPVA水溶液をESP法で紡糸した際の、ノズル先端-捕集電極の距離と、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)の厚み、多層シートの耐水性の関係を調べた。その結果を図6のグラフに示す。なお、PVAとしては、実施例1と同じ、鹸化度99.0%以上のPVA(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株);品番JC-40)を用いた。ノズル先端と捕集電極の距離を10cmから9cm以下に短縮することにより、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)の主たる形態がナノファイバーから膜に変化する様子が観察された。図6のグラフに示されるように、ノズル先端と捕集電極の距離を9cmにすることにより耐水性が顕著に向上しており、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が膜を形成することで、厚みが薄くとも高い耐水性が発現されることが推察された。
(B):水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層
(C):水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材
Claims (10)
- 水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)と水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)とが各1層以上積層され、最外層の少なくとも一方が前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)である多層シートであって、前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)である最外層の表面に水を滴下させてから、もう一方の最外層が溶解するまでに要する時間が10秒~5分である、多層シート。
- 前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が、一部に欠損を有するか、または厚みが不均一である薄膜構造を有する、請求項1記載の多層シート。
- 前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)の目付が1~200g/m2の範囲である、請求項1または2記載の多層シート。
- 前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を構成する化合物が、高鹸化ポリビニルアルコール、完全鹸化ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロースおよびそれらの任意の組合せから選択される、請求項1~3のいずれか一項記載の多層シート。
- 引張強さが0.1~5.0N/mmである、請求項1~4のいずれか一項記載の多層シート。
- 前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が、該層を構成する化合物の溶液をエレクトロスピニング法で紡糸して得られる繊維を前記水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)上に捕集することにより形成されており、前記紡糸は、溶液を吐出するノズル先端と捕集電極の間の距離を3~10cmの範囲に設定して行われる、請求項1~5のいずれか一項記載の多層シート。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項記載の多層シートと水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)が積層一体化されており、前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)が一方の最外層を構成し、かつ前記水難溶性高分子化合物からなる基材(C)が他方の最外層を構成する一体化シート。
- 水溶性高分子化合物の溶液を紡糸して得られた繊維を捕集することにより水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)を形成する第1の工程、および
水難溶性高分子化合物の溶液を紡糸して得られた繊維を、前記水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)上に捕集することにより、水難溶性高分子化合物からなる層(A)を形成する第2の工程を含み、
前記第2の工程において、水難溶性高分子化合物の溶液を紡糸して得られた繊維を捕集した際に、水溶性高分子化合物からなる繊維層(B)が一部溶解することを特徴とする、多層シートの製造方法。 - 前記第2の工程において、紡糸がエレクトロスピニング法により行われる、請求項8記載の多層シートの製造方法。
- 前記紡糸を、溶液を吐出するノズル先端と捕集電極の間の距離を3~10cmの範囲に設定して行う、請求項9記載の多層シートの製造方法。
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