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WO2015096178A1 - 一种间歇运动式强磁电动机 - Google Patents

一种间歇运动式强磁电动机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015096178A1
WO2015096178A1 PCT/CN2014/000041 CN2014000041W WO2015096178A1 WO 2015096178 A1 WO2015096178 A1 WO 2015096178A1 CN 2014000041 W CN2014000041 W CN 2014000041W WO 2015096178 A1 WO2015096178 A1 WO 2015096178A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electromagnetic coil
power supply
permanent magnets
power
strong magnetic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/000041
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邹九大
Original Assignee
邹九大
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 邹九大 filed Critical 邹九大
Priority to JP2016536875A priority Critical patent/JP2016539618A/ja
Priority to US15/039,844 priority patent/US10128729B2/en
Priority to EP14874279.4A priority patent/EP3089337B1/en
Publication of WO2015096178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015096178A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/26—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings
    • H02K23/36—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings having two or more windings; having two or more commutators; having two or more stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/18—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/26—Rotor cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/34—Reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an intermittent motion type strong magnetic motor.
  • the conventional permanent magnet DC motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy by continuously reciprocating or rotating motion of an electromagnetic coil disposed between two permanent magnets by using the principle of magnetic field homopolar repulsive and heteropolar attraction.
  • the conversion method is restricted by the back electromotive force (ie reaction force) during the movement, and its energy efficiency is relatively low.
  • back electromotive force ie reaction force
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and to provide an intermittent motion type strong magnetic motor capable of avoiding the back electromotive force (i.e., reaction force) to the maximum extent and having a higher energy efficiency ratio.
  • an intermittent motion type strong magnetic motor includes two permanent magnets and an electromagnetic coil disposed between two permanent magnets, and a power supply device and a power output device connected to the electromagnetic coil are provided with automatic clamping /releasing the braking device of the electromagnetic coil, the braking device comprising a clamping mechanism and a transmission device for driving the clamping mechanism, and is provided with a controllable power supply device for on/off power and current commutation and transmission action Control device, the electromagnetic coil performs intermittent linear reciprocating motion or intermittent rotary motion between two permanent magnets, and the braking device must clamp the electromagnetic coil at the beginning of each movement stroke of the electromagnetic coil, Before each clamping electromagnetic coil is actuated, the control device first controls the power supply device to be powered off.
  • the control device controls the power supply device to start power supply, and after the power supply device is powered for a certain period of time, The brake device quickly releases the electromagnetic coil, and the electromagnetic coil that has disengaged from the brake device starts to work.
  • the invention also has the following additional technical features:
  • the brake mechanism includes two brake pads, and the transmission includes two cylinders, and a brake pad is mounted on an output shaft of each cylinder.
  • the electromagnetic coil has a cylindrical shape, and the opposite ends of the two permanent magnets have the same magnetic pole.
  • the other electromagnetic coil is wound on the iron core and has a spherical shape as a whole.
  • the iron core includes a cylinder and a large end disposed at two ends of the cylinder. The large end forms a spherical portion, and the coil is wound around the column. Another part of the body and wound into a spherical shape, the opposite ends of the two permanent magnets have opposite magnetic poles.
  • the power supply is fixed for a period of time from 0.1 seconds to 0.2 seconds (the specific power supply time is set as needed).
  • the invention has the following advantages: the principle of the invention is that the working mode is different from that of the conventional permanent magnet DC motor, by automatically clamping/releasing the braking device and automatically switching the power on/off.
  • the power supply device cooperates to make the strong magnetic motor perform intermittent motion, thereby avoiding the restriction of the back electromotive force (ie, the reaction force) to the maximum, and fully utilizing the huge force generated between the permanent magnetic field and the electromagnetic coil (because of the force and
  • the magnetic field strength is proportional to the ingeniously, the constant and powerful permanent magnet energy is converted into mechanical energy, thus improving the energy efficiency ratio of the motor.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the cooperation structure of the cylindrical electromagnetic coil and the brake device of Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • an intermittent motion type magneto-motor of the present invention comprising: two permanent magnets 1 and an electromagnetic coil 2 disposed between two permanent magnets, and an electromagnetic coil Connected power supply device 3 and power output device, the electromagnetic coil is cylindrical
  • the magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets are the same, and the electromagnetic coil performs intermittent linear reciprocating motion between the two permanent magnets.
  • the power supply device is a DC power source 30 and a commutator 31.
  • the braking device comprises a clamping mechanism 61 and a transmission device 62 for driving the clamping mechanism, and a control device 63 for controlling the power supply device 3 to open/close and current commutation and the operation of the transmission device 62 is provided.
  • the electromagnetic coil performs intermittent linear reciprocating motion between two permanent magnets, and the braking device must clamp the electromagnetic coil at the beginning of each movement stroke of the electromagnetic coil, before each clamping electromagnetic coil acts,
  • the control device first controls the power supply device to be powered off. After the brake device is stuck with the electromagnetic coil, the control device controls the power supply device to start power supply. After the power supply device supplies power for a certain period of time, the brake device quickly releases the electromagnetic The coil, the electromagnetic coil that is off the brake device starts to work.
  • the clamping mechanism includes two brake pads, and the transmission device includes two cylinders, and a brake pad is respectively mounted on an output shaft of each cylinder.
  • the transmission can also take other forms, such as hydraulic cylinders.
  • the cross sections of the two brake pads are respectively in a circular arc shape.
  • the power output device 5 (not shown in the drawing) can adopt a plurality of different forms according to the prior art, the fixing of the two permanent magnets, and the connection and fixing between the electromagnetic coil and the power output device are both existing Technology, (see the structural form in Invention Application No. 200910036535. 7), which will not be described in detail herein.
  • the control device can also take different forms according to the prior art, and its purpose is mainly to control the action of the transmission and the on/off and current commutation actions of the power supply device.
  • the present invention uses PLC control.
  • the power supply is fixed for a certain period of time, that is, the power supply time is specifically set according to different factors such as load and input power of the motor, and the reason for setting the power supply time is that the current in the electromagnetic coil rises to a certain height and takes a certain time, and
  • the second embodiment of the present invention The braking device must clamp the electromagnetic coil at the beginning of each movement stroke of the electromagnetic coil, where the motion stroke means that the current in the electromagnetic coil is a motion stroke before the commutation, and after the commutation is another A movement stroke, so working cyclically.
  • the power supply device is in a power-off state under the control of the control device, and then the automatic control device 63 drives the transmission device 62 to cause the brake pad to catch the electromagnetic coil, and then control the power supply device to supply power, and the power supply device is powered.
  • the brake device quickly releases the electromagnetic coil, and the electromagnetic coil that has been released from the brake immediately starts to exercise.
  • the control device first controls the power supply device to be powered off, and then the control device 63 drives the transmission device 62 again to cause the brake pad to jam the electromagnetic coil, and then controls the power supply.
  • the device is powered by the commutator for 0. 1 second to 0. 2 seconds (the specific power supply time is set as needed), the braking device quickly releases the electromagnetic coil, and the electromagnetic coil that has disengaged from the brake immediately starts to exercise.
  • An important invention of the present invention is that the automatic magnetic motor is intermittently moved by the automatic locking/releasing brake device 6 and the power supply device for automatically switching on/off, thereby maximally avoiding the reverse
  • the limitation of the electromotive force ie, the reaction force
  • FIG. 3 there is shown another preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which the electromagnetic coil is wound around a core and has a spherical shape as a whole.
  • the core includes a cylinder 200 and is disposed at both ends of the cylinder.
  • the large end 201, the large end forms a part of a sphere, the coil is wound on the cylinder and wound into another part of the sphere, and the opposite ends of the two permanent magnets have opposite magnetic poles.
  • the electromagnetic coil performs intermittent rotary motion.
  • the power output device (not shown in the figure) of this embodiment can adopt various different forms according to the prior art, for example, the power output device in the invention application number 200910038014. , no longer detailed here.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

一种间歇运动式强磁电动机，包括：两个永磁体（1）和设置在两个永磁体之间的电磁线圈（2），与电磁线圈相连的供电装置（3），以及可自动卡住/松开电磁线圈的制动装置（6），制动装置包括卡住机构（61）、带动该卡住机构运动的传动装置（62）和控制装置（63），电磁线圈在两个永磁体之间进行间歇式直线往复运动或间歇式旋转运动，制动装置在电磁线圈每个运动行程的起始时卡住电磁线圈，在每个卡住电磁线圈动作之前，控制装置先控制供电装置断电，在制动装置卡住电磁线圈之后，控制装置控制供电装置开始供电，供电装置在供电一定时间后，制动装置快速松开电磁线圈，脱离制动装置的电磁线圈开始运动做功。

Description

一种间歇运动式强磁电动机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种间歇运动式强磁电动机。
背景技术
传统的永磁直流电动机， 利用磁场同极相斥、 异极相吸的原理， 通过设置在两个永磁铁之间的电磁线圈不断地进行往复运动或旋转 运动， 将电能转换为机械能.但是这种转换方式在运动过程中受到了 反电动势（即反作用力） 的制约， 其能效比较低， 在世界能源供应紧 张的今天，提供一种更高能效比的间歇运动式强磁电动机无疑是目前 需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服上述现有技术之不足，提供 一种能最大限度地避开反电动势（即反作用力）的制约、 具有更高能 效比的间歇运动式强磁电动机。
按照本发明提供的一种间歇运动式强磁电动机，包括两个永磁体 和设置在两个永磁体之间的电磁线圈，与电磁线圈相连的供电装置和 动力输出装置，设有可自动卡住 /松开所述电磁线圈的制动装置，所述 制动装置包括卡住机构和带动该卡住机构运动的传动装置，设有可控 制供电装置通 /断电及电流换向和传动装置动作的控制装置， 所述电 磁线圈在两个永磁体之间进行间歇式直线往复运动或间歇式旋转运 动，所述制动装置在电磁线圈每个运动行程的起始时必须卡住电磁线 圈， 在每个卡住电磁线圈动作之前， 所述控制装置先控制供电装置断 电.在制动装置卡住电磁线圈之后， 所述控制装置控制供电装置开始 供电， 所述供电装置在供电一定时间后， 所述制动装置快速松开电磁 线圈， 脱离制动装置的电磁线圈开始运动做功。 本发明还有以下附加技术特征：
所述制动机构包括两个制动片， 所述传动装置包括两个气缸， 每 一气缸的输出轴上相应安装有一个制动片。
所述一种电磁线圈呈圆柱形， 两个永磁体相对的两端磁极相同。 所述另一种电磁线圈缠绕在铁芯上， 整体呈球形， 所述铁芯包括 一柱体和设置在柱体两端的大端， 所述大端形成球形的一部分， 所述 线圈缠绕在柱体上并且缠绕成球形的另一部分，两个永磁体相对的两 端磁极相反。
所述供电一定时间为 0. 1秒至 0. 2秒（具体供电时间按需要而设 定）。
按照本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：本发明的原理在于工 作方式与传统永磁直流电动机工作方式不同， 通过自动卡住 /松开的 制动装置和自动换向通 /断电的供电装置配合，使强磁电动机进行间 歇式运动，从而最大限度地避开了反电动势 （即反作用力） 的制约， 充分利用了永磁场与电磁线圈之间产生的巨大作用力（因为作用力与 磁场强度成正比）， 巧妙地将恒定强大的永磁能转化为机械能， 因此 提高了电动机的能效比。
附图说明
图 1是本发明一种优选实施例的结构示意图。
图 2为图 1中的圆柱型电磁线圈与制动装置配合结构的横截面示 意图。
图 3为本发明另一种优选实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图 1和图 2，示出本发明的一种间歇运动式强磁电动机的一种 优选方式，包括：两个永磁体 1和设置在两个永磁体之间的电磁线圈 2， 与电磁线圈相连的供电装置 3和动力输出装置， 所述电磁线圈呈圆柱 形， 两个永磁体相对的两端磁极相同， 所述电磁线圈在两个永磁体之 间进行间歇式直线往复运动， 在本实施例中， 所述供电装置为直流电 源 30与换向器 31的组合，所述制动装置包括卡住机构 61和带动该卡住 机构运动的传动装置 62，设有可控制供电装置 3通 /断电及电流换向和 传动装置 62动作的控制装置 63，所述电磁线圈在两个永磁体之间进行 间歇式直线往复运动，所述制动装置在电磁线圈每个运动行程的起始 时必须卡住电磁线圈， 在每个卡住电磁线圈动作之前， 所述控制装置 先控制供电装置断电， 在制动装置卡住电磁线圈之后， 所述控制装置 控制供电装置开始供电， 所述供电装置在供电一定时间后， 所述制动 装置快速松开电磁线圈， 脱离制动装置的电磁线圈开始运动做功。所 述卡住机构包括两个制动片， 所述传动装置包括两个气缸， 每--气缸 的输出轴上相应安装有一个制动片。当然传动装置也可以采用其它形 式， 比如液压缸。 在本实施例中， 两个制动片的截面分别呈圆弧形。
其中， 动力输出装置 5 (在图中未示出）可以根据现有技术采用 多种不同的形式，两个永磁体的固定以及电磁线圈与动力输出装置之 间的连接和固定，均为现有技术，（可参见发明申请号 200910036535. 7 中的结构形式）， 这里不再详述。 控制装置也可以根据现有技术采用 不同的形式， 其目的主要是控制传动装置的动作和供电装置的通 /断 电和电流换向动作， 本发明采用 PLC控制。
所述供电一定时间即供电时间在实际使用中根据电动机的负载、 输入功率等因素的不同而具体设置，设定供电时间的原因在于电磁线 圈中电流上升到某个高度需要一定的时间，而在本发明中需要电磁线 圈在未运动之前其输入电流必须达到一定的高度，优选的供电时间为 电流上升至最高点所需要的时间， 一般为 0. 1秒至 0. 2秒。 所述制动装置在电磁线圈每个运动行程的起始时必须卡住所述 电磁线圈，这里的运动行程是指电磁线圈中的电流在换向之前是一个 运动行程， 在换向之后是另一个运动行程，如此循环往复地工作。
初始工作时， 供电装置在控制装置的控制下处于断电状态， 接着 自动控制装置 63驱动传动装置 62， 使制动片卡住电磁线圈， 之后又控 制供电装置供电， 所述供电装置在供电 0. 1秒至 0. 2秒后（具体供电时 间按需要而设定） ， 所述制动装置快速松开电磁线圈， 脱离制动器的 电磁线圈立即开始运动做功。 当电磁线圈运行到一个行程终点（即另 一个运动行程的起点）时， 控制装置先控制供电装置断电， 再由控制 装置 63再次驱动传动装置 62使制动片卡住电磁线圈，之后控制供电装 置通过换向器换向供电 0. 1秒至 0. 2秒后 （具体供电时间按需要而设 定）， 所述制动装置快速松开电磁线圈， 脱离制动器的电磁线圈立即 开始运动做功。
本发明的重要发明点在于,通过自动卡住 /松开的制动装置 6和自 动换向通 /断电的供电装置配合，使强磁电动机进行间歇式运动，从而 最大限度地避开了反电动势（即反作用力） 的制约， 充分利用了永磁 场与电磁线圈之间产生的巨大作用力（因为作用力与磁场强度成正 比）， 巧妙地将恒定强大的永磁能转化为机械能， 因此提高了电动机 的能效比。
参见图 3， 示出本发明的另一种优选实施例， 不同之处在于所述 电磁线圈缠绕在铁芯上， 整体呈球形， 所述铁芯包括一柱体 200和设 置在柱体两端的大端 201， 所述大端形成球形的一部分， 所述线圈缠 绕在柱体上并且缠绕成球形的另一部分，两个永磁体相对的两端磁极 相反。所述电磁线圈进行间歇式旋转运动， 本实施例的动力输出装置 (在图中未示出）可以根据现有技术采用多种不同的形式， 比如采用 发明申请号 200910038014. 1中的动力输出装置，这里不再详述。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种间歇运动式强磁电动机， 包括： 两个永磁体（1 )和设置 在两个永磁体之间的电磁线圈（2 )，与电磁线圈相连的供电装置（3) 和动力输出装置， 其特征在于设有可自动卡住 /松开所述电磁线圈的 制动装置 （6 ) ， 所述制动装置包括卡住机构 （61 ) 和带动该卡住机 构运动的传动装置（62) ， 设有可控制供电装置（3)通 /断电及电流 换向和传动装置（62 )动作的控制装置（63) ， 所述电磁线圈在两个 永磁体之间进行间歇式直线往复运动或间歇式旋转运动，所述制动装 置在电磁线圈每个运动行程的起始时卡住电磁线圈，在每个卡住电磁 线圈动作之前， 所述控制装置先控制供电装置断电， 在制动装置卡住 电磁线圈之后， 所述控制装置控制供电装置开始供电， 所述供电装置 在供电一定时间后， 所述制动装置快速松开电磁线圈， 脱离制动装置 的电磁线圈开始运动做功。
2、如权利要求 1所述的间歇运动式强磁电动机， 其特征在于所述 卡住机构包括两个制动片， 所述传动装置包括两个气缸， 每一气缸的 输出轴上相应安装有一个制动片。
3、如权利要求 1所述的间歇运动式强磁电动机， 其特征在于所述 电磁线圈呈圆柱形， 两个永磁体相对的两端磁极相同。
4、如权利要求 1所述的间歇运动式强磁电动机， 其特征在于所述 电磁线圈缠绕在铁芯上， 整体呈球形， 所述铁芯包括一柱体 （200) 和设置在柱体两端的大端 （201 ) ， 所述大端形成球形的一部分， 所 述线圈缠绕在柱体上并且缠绕成球形的另一部分，两个永磁体相对的 两端磁极相反。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的间歇运动式强磁电动机， 其特征在于所 述供电一定时间（即供电时间）为 0. 1秒至 0. 2秒。
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