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WO2013039177A1 - しゅう動部材及びしゅう動材料組成物 - Google Patents

しゅう動部材及びしゅう動材料組成物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013039177A1
WO2013039177A1 PCT/JP2012/073525 JP2012073525W WO2013039177A1 WO 2013039177 A1 WO2013039177 A1 WO 2013039177A1 JP 2012073525 W JP2012073525 W JP 2012073525W WO 2013039177 A1 WO2013039177 A1 WO 2013039177A1
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Prior art keywords
sliding
sliding member
hard particles
counterpart
composition
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PCT/JP2012/073525
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
貴志 冨川
俊之 千年
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大豊工業株式会社
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Application filed by 大豊工業株式会社 filed Critical 大豊工業株式会社
Priority to KR1020157035060A priority Critical patent/KR101639549B1/ko
Priority to EP12831115.6A priority patent/EP2757277B1/en
Priority to JP2013533721A priority patent/JP5941472B2/ja
Priority to BR112014005643-9A priority patent/BR112014005643B1/pt
Priority to US14/344,358 priority patent/US9303230B2/en
Priority to CN201280044676.XA priority patent/CN103797256B/zh
Priority to KR1020147006327A priority patent/KR20140045586A/ko
Publication of WO2013039177A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013039177A1/ja

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/08Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/043Sliding surface consisting mainly of ceramics, cermets or hard carbon, e.g. diamond like carbon [DLC]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/121Use of special materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04Elements
    • C10M2201/041Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066Molybdenum sulfide
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    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2213/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044Polyamides
    • C10M2217/0443Polyamides used as base material
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/06Groups 3 or 13
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    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12Groups 6 or 16
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    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/14Group 7
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/055Particles related characteristics
    • C10N2020/06Particles of special shape or size
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50Lubricating properties
    • F16C2202/54Molybdenum disulfide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2208/00Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
    • F16C2208/02Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers comprising fillers, fibres
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/02Mechanical treatment, e.g. finishing
    • F16C2223/08Mechanical treatment, e.g. finishing shot-peening, blasting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/42Coating surfaces by spraying the coating material, e.g. plasma spraying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/54Surface roughness
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sliding member and a sliding material composition suitable for a soft counterpart material.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 As a conventional sliding material composition, a composition containing an antiwear agent, a solid lubricant, and a resin binder is known (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).
  • Japanese Patent No. 4004631 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-37962 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2002-53883
  • the counterpart material of the sliding member is a high hardness material that has been subjected to heat treatment such as chilling treatment or quenching, and the conventional sliding material composition is configured to assume a counterpart material having high hardness. Limited.
  • shafts that do not undergo hardening treatment have been developed due to low cost, and therefore, there is an increasing demand for suitable sliding members for counterpart materials having low hardness. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sliding member that satisfies this requirement.
  • the present invention relates to the following sliding member and sliding material composition.
  • a sliding material composition and a sliding member exhibiting excellent wear resistance and seizure resistance can be provided by lapping the roughened portion of the counterpart material having a ferrite phase by sliding.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the particle size of hard particles and the surface roughness of the mating shaft after the wear test.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the particle size of the hard particles and the wear depth of the specimen (bearing) after the wear test.
  • the sliding material composition of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “the composition of the present invention”) includes a binder resin, molybdenum disulfide, and hard particles.
  • the binder resin is a material that collects the composition of the present invention, and is at least one selected from the group consisting of a polyamideimide (PAI) resin, a polyimide resin, a phenol resin, a polyacetal resin, a polyether ether ketone resin, and a polyphenylene sulfide resin.
  • PAI polyamideimide
  • PAI polyamideimide
  • the composition of the present invention contains hard particles.
  • Ferrite phases exist in mating materials (also called “mating members”) such as forged shafts and cast shafts that are not subjected to hardening treatment such as quenching.
  • the hardness of the counterpart material having the ferrite phase is as low as about HV 200 to 300 in terms of Vickers hardness, and burrs are likely to occur after polishing finish.
  • the surface of the sliding bearing, that is, the sliding surface of the sliding member is softer than the ferrite phase and is subject to abrasive wear against burrs.
  • the hard particles contained in the sliding material composition give a so-called lapping action in which the burr generated in the ferrite phase is scraped off and the mating material surface is smoothed, thereby providing wear resistance and seizure resistance. It has improved.
  • the average particle diameter (mode diameter) of the hard particles is preferably 0.5 to 10 times, more preferably 2 to 5 times the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the sliding surface of the counterpart material.
  • Ra arithmetic average roughness
  • the shape of the hard particles is preferably a lump or a sphere, and the lump is more preferable because the lapping effect is higher than the sphere.
  • the lump means an irregular shape that substantially does not include protrusions of 90 ° or less, and shapes that can be formed by processing such as a spherical shape and an acute angle shape are excluded.
  • an acute-angle shape is not preferable because there is a possibility of attacking the counterpart material.
  • the hardness of the hard particles is not limited as long as the hard particles have sufficient hardness with respect to the counterpart material having a ferrite phase. However, since the hardness of the counterpart material is HV200 to 300, it is more than twice that hardness.
  • the hardness is preferably HV600 or more, and more preferably HV800 or more.
  • the hardness means Vickers hardness (the same applies hereinafter).
  • the kind of hard particles is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of satisfying the above hardness, Fe 3 P (HV about 800), Al 2 O 3 (HV 1500 or more), SiC (HV 2000 or more), AlN (HV 1000 or more), etc. It can be preferably used.
  • the content of hard particles in the composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 5% by volume, more preferably 1 to 4% by volume. If the content is within the above range, there is a wrapping effect and the aggressiveness to the counterpart material is low.
  • molybdenum disulfide functions as a solid lubricant that imparts wear resistance.
  • a solid lubricant By adding a solid lubricant, lapping by hard particles becomes fine.
  • molybdenum disulfide exhibits a lubricating action superior to other solid lubricants in oil, and thus this effect in oil is particularly exerted.
  • the content of molybdenum disulfide in the composition of the present invention is 30 to 70% by volume, preferably 35 to 60% by volume. A sufficient lubricating action can be obtained when the content of molybdenum disulfide is within the above range.
  • Molybdenum disulfide preferably has an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
  • the composition of the present invention may contain other solid lubricant other than molybdenum disulfide.
  • the other solid lubricant is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tungsten disulfide, mica, boron nitride, graphite fluoride, and fullerene. These contents are preferably 5 to 35% by volume as an auxiliary function of molybdenum disulfide, particularly from the viewpoint of obtaining a lubricating action when the lubricating oil runs out.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the composition of the present invention may further contain an inorganic additive, and is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, and calcium phosphate. From the viewpoint of wear resistance, the content of the inorganic additive in the composition is preferably 5 to 10% by volume.
  • the sliding material composition according to the present invention can be used as a coating layer on the surface of the base material of the sliding member.
  • it is suitable for coating the sliding surface when the counterpart sliding material has a ferrite phase at least on the surface.
  • Specific examples of such a counterpart material include a forged shaft that has not been quenched, a spheroidal graphite cast iron shaft that has not been quenched, a forged shaft that has not been nitrided, and the like.
  • the sliding member according to the present invention includes a base material and a coating layer provided on the base material, and the coating layer is formed from the sliding material composition of the present invention.
  • the material of the base material of the sliding member according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but is a material selected from the group consisting of steel, stainless steel, cast iron, copper, copper alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, rubber, plastics and ceramics. Is preferred.
  • the shape of the substrate is not particularly limited, and may be plate-shaped or tubular.
  • a base material has back metal steel, such as steel or stainless steel, and the alloy layer which is arrange
  • the coating layer is formed by, for example, mixing the composition of the present invention together with a binder resin solvent, forming a film on the substrate surface by a known method such as air spray coating, and then baking at the baking temperature of the binder resin. Is applicable.
  • a roughening treatment may be performed before the surface of the substrate is coated, or an adhesive layer may be provided between the substrate and the coating layer.
  • the thickness of the coating layer is preferably 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the surface roughness of the coating layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.3 to 3 ⁇ mRa.
  • the lubrication conditions of the sliding member according to the present invention are not particularly limited, and can be used for any of oil lubrication, grease lubrication, and no lubrication.
  • the composition shown in Table 1 is spray-coated at a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m to form a coating layer Formed.
  • firing was performed at 200 ° C. to prepare a test material.
  • the materials used are as follows. The remainder other than the solid lubricant and the hard material was adjusted with a binder resin so that the total composition was 100% by volume.
  • Binder resin Polyamideimide (PAI) resin manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
  • Example 1 For the specimens (bearings) of each Example and Comparative Example, a wear test was performed using a cast shaft or a forged shaft having a ferrite phase on the sliding surface as the mating material, and the surface of the mating shaft sliding surface before and after the test. The roughness and the wear depth of the specimen sliding surface after the test were measured. The results are shown in Table 1. Moreover, about an Example, the relationship between the particle size of a hard material particle and the surface roughness of the other party shaft after a test is shown in FIG. The relationship is shown in FIG. Each counterpart material has not been subjected to an effect treatment such as quenching and has a hardness of HV200 to 300.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

 本発明は硬度の低い相手部材に対して好適なしゅう動部材を提供することを目的とする。本発明は少なくとも表面にフェライト相を有する相手部材としゅう動するしゅう動部材であって、バインダー樹脂、二硫化モリブデン、及び硬質物粒子を含む被覆層を有するしゅう動部材に関する。

Description

しゅう動部材及びしゅう動材料組成物
 本発明は、軟質な相手材に好適なしゅう動部材及びしゅう動材料組成物に関する。
 従来から、機械類のしゅう動部の潤滑化を図るため、各しゅう動部材の表面にしゅう動材料組成物をコーティングし、しゅう動部における潤滑膜として機能させることが行われている。このため、この種のしゅう動材料組成物は、低摩擦で、長期間使用しても摩耗しないよう耐摩耗性に優れ、相手材とのなじみ性の良い潤滑膜であることが要求される。
 従来のしゅう動材料組成物としては、耐摩耗剤、固体潤滑剤、及び樹脂バインダーを含有するものが知られている(特許文献1~3参照)。
日本国特許第4004631号公報 日本国特開平10-37962号公報 日本国特開2002-53883号公報
 上記従来の技術では、しゅう動部材の相手材はチル化処理や焼き入れ等の熱処理がなされた硬度の高いものであり、従来のしゅう動材料組成物は硬度の高い相手材を想定した構成に限定される。しかしながら近年、低コストのために硬化処理を行わない軸の開発が進み、そのため硬度の低い相手材に対して好適なしゅう動部材への要求が高まっている。本発明はかかる要求を満たすしゅう動部材を提供することを目的とする。
 本発明は下記しゅう動部材及びしゅう動材料組成物に関する。
〔1〕 少なくとも表面にフェライト相を有する相手部材としゅう動するしゅう動部材であって、バインダー樹脂、二硫化モリブデン、及び硬質物粒子を含む被覆層を有するしゅう動部材。
〔2〕 前記硬質物粒子の平均粒径が、前記相手部材のしゅう動面の表面算術平均粗さRaの0.5~10倍である上記〔1〕に記載のしゅう動部材。
〔3〕 前記硬質物粒子の形状が塊状である上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のしゅう動部材。
〔4〕 前記硬質物粒子の硬度が、相手部材の硬度の2倍以上である上記〔1〕から〔3〕の何れか1に記載のしゅう動部材。
〔5〕 少なくとも表面にフェライト相を有する相手部材としゅう動するしゅう動部材に用いられるしゅう動材料組成物であって、バインダー樹脂、二硫化モリブデン、及び硬質物粒子を含むしゅう動材料組成物。
 本発明によれば、フェライト相を有する相手材の粗面化部をしゅう動によりラッピングすることで、優れた耐摩耗性及び耐焼付き性を示すしゅう動材料組成物及びしゅう動部材を提供できる。
図1は硬質物粒子の粒径と摩耗試験後の相手軸の表面粗さとの関係を示すグラフである。 図2は硬質物粒子の粒径と摩耗試験後の供試材(軸受)の摩耗深さとの関係を示すグラフである。
 本発明のしゅう動材料組成物(以下「本発明の組成物」とも記載する。)は、バインダー樹脂、二硫化モリブデン、及び硬質物粒子を含む。
 バインダー樹脂は本発明の組成物を取りまとめる材料であり、ポリアミドイミド(PAI)樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、及びポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。この中でも、耐摩耗性の観点からポリアミドイミド(PAI)樹脂が好ましく用いられる。
 本発明の組成物は硬質物粒子を含む。焼入れ等の硬化処理をしていない鍛造軸や鋳造軸といった相手材(「相手部材」とも言う。)には、フェライト相が存在する。このフェライト相を有する相手材の硬度はビッカース硬度でHV200~300程度と低く、研磨仕上げを行った後にバリが立ちやすい。すべり軸受の表面すなわちしゅう動部材のしゅう動面は、フェライト相より軟質で、バリに対するアブレシブ摩耗が生じやすい。そこで本発明ではしゅう動材料組成物に含まれる硬質物粒子により、フェライト相に生じたバリが削り取られて相手材表面が滑らかになる作用いわゆるラップ作用が付与され、耐摩耗性及び耐焼付き性を向上している。
 ラップ作用を発揮させるためには相手材の表面粗さに合わせ硬質物粒子の粒径を調整する必要があるが、表面粗さに対し粗大な硬質物を添加すると逆に相手材を攻撃してしまう。一方、小さすぎる場合はラップ作用が得られない。したがって、硬質物粒子の平均粒径(モード径)は、相手材のしゅう動面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)の好ましくは0.5~10倍、より好ましくは2~5倍とする。
 なお、表面粗さを十点平均粗さ(Rz)で規定する場合は下記関係式に従う。
 算術平均粗さ(Ra)=1/2~1/3×十点平均粗さ(Rz)
 また、硬質物粒子の形状は塊状又は球状が好ましく、塊状は球状よりもラップ効果が高いため、より好ましい。ここで、塊状とは、90°以下の突起を実質的に含まない不規則形状を意味し、球状及び鋭角形状といった加工により形成しうる形状は除かれる。なお鋭角形状では相手材を攻撃してしまうおそれがあり好ましくない。
 硬質物粒子としては、フェライト相を有する相手材に対し十分な硬さを有していればその硬度は限定されないが、かかる相手材の硬度がHV200~300であることから、その2倍以上の硬度であるHV600以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくはHV800以上である。なお、硬度はビッカース硬度を意味する(以下同様)。
 硬質物粒子の種類は特に限定されないが、上記硬度を満足する観点から、FeP(HV約800)、Al(HV1500以上)、SiC(HV2000以上)、AlN(HV1000以上)等を好ましく用いることができる。
 また、本発明の組成物における硬質物粒子の含有量は、好ましくは0.1~5体積%、より好ましくは1~4体積%である。含有量が上記範囲内であればラッピング効果があり、相手材への攻撃性も低い。
 本発明の組成物において二硫化モリブデン(MoS)は耐摩耗性を付与する固体潤滑剤として機能する。固体潤滑剤を添加することで、硬質物粒子によるラッピングが細かくなる。特に二硫化モリブデンは、油中で他の固体潤滑剤より優れた潤滑作用を示すことから、油中でのこの効果が特に発揮される。
 本発明の組成物における二硫化モリブデンの含有量は、30~70体積%であり、好ましくは35~60体積%である。二硫化モリブデンの含有量が上記範囲内であることにより十分な潤滑作用が得られる。
 なお、二硫化モリブデンは平均粒径が5μm以下であることが好ましく、3μm以下がより好ましい。
 本発明の組成物では二硫化モリブデン以外のその他の固体潤滑剤を含有してもよい。
 その他の固体潤滑剤としてはグラファイト、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、二硫化タングステン、雲母、窒化ほう素、フッ化黒鉛、及びフラーレンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。これらの含有量は二硫化モリブデンの補助的な働きとして、特に潤滑油が切れた際の潤滑作用を得る観点から5~35体積%が好ましい。
 本発明の組成物はさらに、無機添加剤を含有してもよく、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、及びりん酸カルシウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることが好ましい。また、耐摩耗性の観点から、組成物における無機添加剤の含有量は5~10体積%が好ましい。
 本発明に係るしゅう動材料組成物は、しゅう動部材の基材表面の被覆層として用いることができる。特に、相手しゅう動材がフェライト相を少なくとも表面に有する場合のしゅう動面への被覆に好適である。このような相手材としては具体的には焼き入れされていない鍛造軸、焼き入れされていない球状黒鉛鋳鉄軸や、窒化されていない鍛造軸等が挙げられる。
 本発明に係るしゅう動部材は、基材と、基材上に設けられた被覆層とを備え、被覆層は上記本発明のしゅう動材料組成物により形成される。
 本発明に係るしゅう動部材の基材の材質は特に制限されないが、鉄鋼、ステンレス、鋳鉄、銅、銅合金、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ゴム、プラスチックス及びセラミックスからなる群より選ばれる材料であることが好ましい。また、基材の形状は特に制限されず、板状でも管状でもよい。また、基材は、鉄鋼又はステンレス等の裏金鋼と、裏金鋼の上に配置されアルミニウム合金又は銅合金等を含む合金層とを有することが好ましい。
 被覆層の形成方法は、例えば、本発明の組成物をバインダー樹脂の溶剤とともに混合し、エアスプレー塗装等の公知の方法で基材表面に成膜した後、バインダー樹脂の焼成温度で焼成する方法が適用できる。また、被覆を強固にするために、基材表面を被覆する前に粗面化処理をしたり、基材と被覆層との間に接着層を設けてもよい。被覆層の厚さは5~30μmであることが好ましい。被覆層の表面粗さは特に制約はないが、0.3~3μmRaが好ましい。
 本発明に係るしゅう動部材の潤滑条件は特に限定されず、オイル潤滑、グリース潤滑、無潤滑のいずれにも使用することができる。
 アルミニウムバイメタル基材(厚さ約1.5mm(内アルミニウム合金層の厚さ0.2mm))にショットブラスト処理後、表1に示す配合の組成物を約10μmの厚さでスプレーコートし被覆層を形成した。スプレーコートによる成膜後200℃で焼成し、供試材を作製した。使用材料は下記の通りである。なお、固体潤滑剤と硬質物以外の残部はバインダー樹脂で調整し組成物全体で100体積%とした。
・バインダー樹脂
 ポリアミドイミド(PAI)樹脂:日立化成工業株式会社製
・固体潤滑剤
 二硫化モリブデン:住鋼潤滑剤株式会社製、平均粒径2μm
 グラファイト:住鋼潤滑剤株式会社製、平均粒径2μm
 二硫化タングステン:住鋼潤滑剤株式会社製、平均粒径2μm
・硬質物粒子
 Al:株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド製、全て塊状
 SiC:株式会社フジミインコーポレーテッド製、全て塊状
 FeP:福田金属箔粉工業株式会社製、全て塊状
 AlN:東洋アルミニウム株式会社製、全て塊状
 各実施例及び比較例の供試材(軸受)について、相手材として、しゅう動面にフェライト相を有する鋳造軸又は鍛造軸を用いて摩耗試験を行い、試験前後の相手軸しゅう動面の表面粗さ及び試験後の供試材しゅう動面の摩耗深さを測定した。結果を表1に示す。また、実施例について、硬質物粒子の粒径と試験後の相手軸の表面粗さとの関係を図1に、硬質物粒子の粒径と試験後の供試材(軸受)の摩耗深さとの関係を図2に示す。なお、各相手材は焼入れ等の効果処理を行っておらず、硬度HV200~300のものである。
(摩耗試験)
 摩耗試験は片当たり摩耗試験機を用いて以下の条件で行った。
 回転数:0rpm(1分保持)→1200rpm(1分保持)→0rpm(1分保持)のサイクル試験
 潤滑油:0W-20
 給油温度:100℃
 荷重:4.41kN
 試験時間:100時間
(表面粗さ測定)
 JIS B 061(2001)に準拠し、算術平均粗さRaを測定した。
(摩耗深さ測定)
 供試材(軸受)の被覆層の厚さを試験前後で測定し、その値から摩耗深さを算出した。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000001
 表1より、実施例ではいずれも良好な潤滑状態が確認できた。一方、比較例1及び比較例4と実施例2との対比から、硬質物粒子を含むが二硫化モリブデンを含まないことにより軸受摩耗深さが大きくなる結果が明らかになった。比較例2と実施例7、比較例3と実施例12との対比においても同様の傾向が確認された。
 また、比較例5と実施例7、比較例6と実施例5との対比から、二硫化モリブデンを含むが硬質物粒子を含まないことにより軸受摩耗深さが大きくなる結果が明らかとなった。
 また、表1、図1及び図2より、硬質物粒子の平均粒径が、相手材しゅう動面の表面算術平均粗さ(試験前軸粗さ)Raの0.5~10倍であれば、試験後軸粗さと軸受摩耗深さのいずれも小さくすることができ、ラップ作用が発揮され好ましいことが分かる。
本発明を詳細にまた特定の実施態様を参照して説明したが、本発明の精神と範囲を逸脱することなく様々な変更や修正を加えることができることは当業者にとって明らかである。本出願は2011年9月13日出願の日本特許出願(特願2011-199559)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。

Claims (5)

  1.  少なくとも表面にフェライト相を有する相手部材としゅう動するしゅう動部材であって、バインダー樹脂、二硫化モリブデン、及び硬質物粒子を含む被覆層を有するしゅう動部材。
  2.  前記硬質物粒子の平均粒径が、前記相手部材のしゅう動面の表面算術平均粗さRaの0.5~10倍である請求項1に記載のしゅう動部材。
  3.  前記硬質物粒子の形状が塊状である請求項1又は2に記載のしゅう動部材。
  4.  前記硬質物粒子の硬度が、相手部材の硬度の2倍以上である請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載のしゅう動部材。
  5.  少なくとも表面にフェライト相を有する相手部材としゅう動するしゅう動部材に用いられるしゅう動材料組成物であって、
     バインダー樹脂、二硫化モリブデン、及び硬質物粒子を含むしゅう動材料組成物。
PCT/JP2012/073525 2011-09-13 2012-09-13 しゅう動部材及びしゅう動材料組成物 WO2013039177A1 (ja)

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CN103797256A (zh) 2014-05-14
KR20140045586A (ko) 2014-04-16
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EP2757277B1 (en) 2018-06-06
BR112014005643B1 (pt) 2021-05-25

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