WO2012114456A1 - 二段吸収式冷凍機及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
二段吸収式冷凍機及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012114456A1 WO2012114456A1 PCT/JP2011/053842 JP2011053842W WO2012114456A1 WO 2012114456 A1 WO2012114456 A1 WO 2012114456A1 JP 2011053842 W JP2011053842 W JP 2011053842W WO 2012114456 A1 WO2012114456 A1 WO 2012114456A1
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- heat transfer
- transfer surface
- absorber
- stage absorption
- evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/008—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with multi-stage operation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a two-stage absorption refrigerator and a method of manufacturing the same, and is particularly suitable for a two-stage absorption refrigerator having a large difference in pumping temperature from low temperature to high temperature.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-227262
- the two-stage absorption refrigerator includes a regenerator, a condenser that condenses the vapor refrigerant generated by the regenerator, and a first evaporator that evaporates the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser (high temperature (high temperature) And a first absorber (high temperature absorber) for absorbing the refrigerant evaporated in the first evaporator into a solution.
- a second evaporator (low temperature evaporator) to which the liquid refrigerant in the first evaporator is introduced, and a second absorber (low temperature absorber) for absorbing the refrigerant evaporated in the second evaporator into a solution It comprises, and it is comprised by the same can next to each other in order of these 2nd evaporator, 2nd absorber, 1st evaporator, and 1st absorber.
- first evaporator and the second absorber are adjacent to each other via a heat transfer surface, and the liquid refrigerant condensed by the condenser is introduced to the first evaporator and then to the second evaporator,
- the heat absorbed by the second absorber passes directly through the heat transfer surface between the first evaporator and the second absorber on the heat transfer surface of the first evaporator.
- the temperature difference for heat transport can be small, and the performance of the cycle can be improved.
- the absorption heat of a 2nd absorber is a 1st evaporation by setting it as the structure which said 1st evaporator and said 2nd absorber adjoined via the heat-transfer surface.
- the heat transfer surface between the heat exchanger and the second absorber is directly transmitted to the refrigerant flowing on the heat transfer surface of the first evaporator, but the heat transfer surface can ensure a large heat transfer area. In the horizontal direction meandering.
- the heat transfer surface is formed in a serpentine shape which is meandered in the horizontal direction in order to secure a large heat transfer area, but for that purpose, it is very long, for example, a plate of several tens of meters which is a raw material You need to For this reason, it is necessary to perform a bending process very many times, which is not easy to manufacture and requires an excessive manufacturing facility.
- a large number of fine uneven portions are often formed in the horizontal direction, and the large number of uneven portions are formed. It is quite difficult to bend the plate as it is many times and it is quite difficult to cause cracks and cracks in the bent portion, and the uneven portion formed on the heat transfer surface is deformed by bending. Variations in performance are also likely to occur.
- the bellows-like heat transfer surface (heat transfer portion; heat transfer plate) is welded all around at the bottom and both side portions of the box including the absorber and the evaporator, and thereafter
- the upper surface divided into the high temperature side evaporator (first evaporator) side and the low temperature side absorber (second absorber) side is welded all around each other, but a bellows-like heat transfer surface with several tens of meters
- the length of the continuous weld is long and welding defects also tend to occur.
- a low temperature evaporator, a low temperature absorber, a high temperature evaporator, and a high temperature absorber are arranged in order in a can next to each other, and the high temperature evaporator and the low temperature absorber
- the refrigerants are disposed adjacent to each other via a heat unit, and the heat absorbed by the low temperature absorber flows through the heat transfer unit between the high temperature evaporator and the low temperature absorber, and flows over the heat transfer unit on the high temperature evaporator side.
- the heat transfer part has a cylindrical heat transfer surface body open at one end and closed at the other end, and a closing plate having a plurality of openings.
- the heat transfer plate is attached to the closing plate such that the opening of the heat transfer plate is positioned at the opening formed in the closing plate, and the closing plate of the heat transfer portion is the
- the high temperature is fixed to a can body and inside the cylindrical heat transfer surface of the heat transfer section.
- One of the generator or the low temperature absorber is disposed, and the other of the high temperature evaporator or the low temperature absorber is disposed outside the cylindrical heat transfer surface, and the high temperature at the top of the heat transfer surface is disposed.
- a refrigerant distribution device is disposed on the evaporator side, and a solution distribution device is disposed on the low temperature absorber side of the upper portion of the heat transfer surface.
- Another feature of the present invention is that in the method for manufacturing a two-stage absorption refrigerator in which a high temperature evaporator and a low temperature absorber are disposed adjacent to each other through a heat transfer portion in a can body, one end is open; A cylindrical heat transfer surface body closed at the other end and a closing plate having a plurality of openings are manufactured, and then the opening of the heat transfer surface is positioned at the opening formed in the closing plate, The heat transfer portion is manufactured by welding the heat transfer surface to the closing plate, and the manufactured heat transfer portion is disposed at a predetermined position of the can body, and then the outer periphery of the closing plate of the heat transfer portion is It is characterized by welding around the entire circumference of the can body.
- the present invention it is possible to increase the heat transfer area of the heat transfer section provided between the high temperature evaporator and the low temperature absorber, and to manufacture the two-stage absorption refrigerator easily and its manufacturing method. You can get it.
- Example 1 of the two-stage absorption-type refrigerator of this invention is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the can of an evaporator and an absorber in Example 1 of this invention, and is the II-II arrow directional cross-sectional view of FIG. III-III arrow directional cross-sectional view of FIG. IV-IV arrow sectional drawing of FIG.
- the figure which expands and shows the part of the spraying apparatus shown in FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The perspective view explaining the structure of the heat-transfer part in Example 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining an example of manufacturing the heat transfer section shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining an example of manufacturing the heat transfer section shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining an example of manufacturing the heat transfer section shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining an example of manufacturing the heat transfer section shown in FIG. 6;
- FIG. 7 is
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view for explaining a production example of the heat transfer plate shown in FIG. 7; The figure which looked at the heat-transfer part shown in FIG. 6 from the closing plate side.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view for explaining another production example of the heat transfer plate shown in FIG. 8; The perspective view explaining the other manufacture example of a heat transfer part.
- the perspective view of the state which assembled the heat-transfer surface body shown in FIG. The perspective view explaining the further another manufacture example of a heat-transfer part.
- the perspective view explaining the further another manufacture example of a heat-transfer part The perspective view explaining the modification of the heat-transfer surface body shown in FIG.
- the same can be arranged adjacent to a low temperature evaporator (second evaporator), a low temperature absorber (second absorber), a high temperature evaporator (first evaporator), and a high temperature absorber (first absorber) in this order.
- the high temperature evaporator and the low temperature absorber are disposed adjacent to each other via a heat transfer surface, and the absorbed heat of the low temperature absorber is transferred between the high temperature evaporator and the low temperature absorber.
- the present invention relates to a two-stage absorption refrigerator configured to be directly transferred to a refrigerant flowing on a heat transfer section of a high temperature evaporator through a heat section.
- FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing Example 1 in which the present invention is applied to a two-stage absorption refrigerator.
- the two-stage absorption refrigerator comprises a high temperature evaporator (first evaporator) 11, a low temperature evaporator (second evaporator) 12, a high temperature absorber (first absorber) 21 and a low temperature absorber (second absorber) 22, a regenerator 3, a condenser 4, a low temperature solution heat exchanger 51, a high temperature solution heat exchanger 52, a refrigerant pump 6, solution pumps 71, 72, 73, and the like.
- the regenerator 3 includes a spraying device 31 and a heat transfer tube 32.
- Hot water serving as a heat source flows through the heat transfer tube 32, and the spraying device 31 sprays the heat transfer tube 32 toward the outside of the heat transfer tube 32.
- the flowing solution is heated by the hot water to generate a refrigerant vapor, and the low concentration solution is concentrated and regenerated into a high concentration solution.
- Hot water of, for example, 60 ° C. is supplied to the regenerator 3, and the hot water is cooled to 55 ° C. by heating the solution flowing outside the heat transfer tube 32.
- refrigerant vapor generated by heating and concentrating the solution flows into the condenser 4.
- the regenerator 3 and the condenser 4 are constituted by the same container, and a heat transfer pipe 41 in which cooling water for cooling and condensing the inflowing refrigerant vapor flows is provided in the condenser 4 There is.
- the cooling water which has flowed out of the heat transfer tube 41 and whose temperature has risen is cooled by a cooling tower (not shown) or the like.
- the liquid refrigerant generated by condensation in the condenser 4 is led to the first evaporator 11 through a pipe line 94.
- the refrigerant evaporated in the first evaporator 11 is absorbed by the first absorber 21 in a solution.
- the said 1st evaporator 11 and the 1st absorber 21 are comprised by the same container.
- a second absorber 22 is provided adjacent to the first evaporator 11.
- the second absorber 22 absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the second evaporator 12 constituting the same container as the second absorber into a solution.
- the concentrated solution generated in the regenerator 3 is led to the first absorber 21 by the solution pump 71 through the pipe line 91, and dispersed from the solution spreading device 23 provided on the upper portion of the first absorber 21. Ru.
- the solution accumulated in the solution tank 24 in the lower portion inside the first absorber 21 is sent by the solution pump 72 to the second absorber 22 through the pipe line 92 and dispersed from the solution distribution device 25.
- the dilute solution in the solution tank 26 at the lower portion in the second absorber 22 is sent to the regenerator 3 through the pipe line 93 by the solution pump 73 and regenerated into a concentrated solution.
- the low-temperature solution heat exchanger 51 exchanges heat between the medium-temperature solution flowing from the first absorber 21 through the pipe line 92 and the rare solution from the second absorber 22, and the medium-temperature solution It recovers sensible heat.
- the high temperature solution heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat between the high temperature concentrated solution from the regenerator 3 and the rare solution from the low temperature solution heat exchanger 51, and recovers the sensible heat of the high temperature concentrated solution. It is
- the refrigerant pump 6 disperses the liquid refrigerant accumulated in the lower part of the first evaporator 11 again into the first evaporator 11 through the pipe line 95 and also disperses it in the second evaporator 12. And are sprayed from the respective refrigerant spraying devices 13 and 14.
- the non-evaporated refrigerant dispersed in the second evaporator 12 is stored in the refrigerant tank 16 and is led to the first evaporator 11 from here via the communication pipe 96, and the liquid refrigerant from the condenser 4,
- the non-evaporated refrigerant distributed to the first evaporator 11 is again supplied to the respective refrigerant distribution devices 13 and 14 by the refrigerant pump 72.
- the liquid levels of the refrigerant tanks 15 and 16 in the first evaporator and the second evaporator are higher in the liquid level of the second evaporator 12 by the pressure difference (for example, 1000 Pa).
- the communication pipe 96 is set so that the sealed refrigerant is sealed so that the pressure difference between the second evaporator 12 and the first evaporator 11 can be maintained.
- the absorbent is lithium bromide and the refrigerant is water.
- the first evaporator 11 and the second absorber 22 are partitioned via a heat transfer portion 8 having a heat transfer surface 81.
- the heat transfer surface 81 is a component of the heat transfer surface 81.
- the inner side of the heat transfer surface 81 is the first evaporator 11 side, and the outer surface is the second absorber 22 side.
- the refrigerant liquid sent from the condenser 4 to the first evaporator 11 is stored in a refrigerant tank 15 formed in the lower part of the first evaporator 11.
- the refrigerant pump 6 sends the refrigerant liquid to the refrigerant distribution device 13 disposed in the upper part of the first evaporator 11, and the first evaporator 11 side of the heat transfer surface 81 forming the boundary with the second absorber 22 ( Spray the refrigerant liquid from the inside).
- the dispersed refrigerant liquid cools the solution flowing down on the second absorber 22 side (outside) of the heat transfer surface 81 by the latent heat of vaporization when it evaporates on the heat transfer surface 81.
- a heat transfer pipe 27 through which cooling water flows is disposed in the first absorber 21.
- the concentrated solution heated and concentrated by the regenerator 3 is sprayed onto the heat transfer tube 27 from the solution spraying device 23 disposed above the first absorber 21.
- the solution sprayed at this time absorbs the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the first evaporator 11.
- the pressure of the first evaporator 11 is maintained at a low pressure (e.g., 1800 Pa) by the absorption action of the solution absorbing the refrigerant.
- a low pressure e.g. 1800 Pa
- the refrigerant dispersed from the refrigerant distribution device 13 disposed above the first evaporator to the heat transfer surface 81 on the first evaporator side (inner side) can be evaporated continuously.
- the cooling water flowing in the heat transfer tube 27 disposed in the first absorber cools the solution whose temperature has risen by the absorption heat generated when absorbing the refrigerant vapor.
- the cooling water obtained by cooling the solution is cooled by the above-described cooling tower or the like.
- the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant tank 15 of the first evaporator 11 is also sent by the refrigerant pump 6 to the refrigerant distribution device 14 disposed above the second evaporator 12. Then, the refrigerant is spread on the heat transfer pipe 17 disposed in the second evaporator 12 from the refrigerant distribution device 14, and when it evaporates on the surface of the heat transfer pipe 17, the cold water flowing in the heat transfer pipe 17 due to the latent heat of vaporization or Cool the brine. Thereby, the cold water or brine flowing in the heat transfer tube 17 flows into the heat transfer tube 17 at 12 ° C., for example, and is cooled to 7 ° C., and is used for a cooling application or the like. In this case, the pressure in the second evaporator 12 is maintained at about 800 Pa (the saturation temperature of the refrigerant to be dispersed: 3.8 ° C.).
- the solution is dispersed from the solution distribution device 25 disposed above the second absorber 22 to the second absorber side (outside) of the heat transfer surface 81 which forms the boundary with the first evaporator 11. Be done.
- the dispersed solution is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant flowing on the first evaporator 11 side (inner side) of the heat transfer surface 81.
- the refrigerant vapor which has evaporated in the second evaporator 12 and flowed into the second absorber 22 is absorbed.
- the pressure in the second evaporator 12 is maintained at a low pressure, and the refrigerant dispersed in the second evaporator 12 can be evaporated continuously.
- the dilute solution which absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the second absorber 22 and is reduced in concentration is stored in the solution tank 26, and the stored dilute solution is stored by the solution pump 73 with the low temperature solution heat exchanger 51 and the high temperature.
- the solution is sent to the regenerator 3 via the solution heat exchanger 52.
- FIGS. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the evaporator and the can of the absorber according to the first embodiment of the present invention, taken along the line II-II in FIG. 3, and FIG. 3 is the cross-section taken along the line III-III in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, showing the heat transfer surface and the portion of the spraying device, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the spraying device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows the internal structure of the can 10 in which the evaporator and the absorber used in the two-stage absorption type refrigerator are integrated, and the piping around the can 10 is the same as in FIG. It is omitted in FIG.
- the first evaporator 11, the first absorber 21, the second evaporator 12 and the second absorber 22 and the like described above are provided in the can 10 in which the evaporator and the absorber are integrated. Is equipped.
- the heat transfer surface 81 is disposed so as to form a heat transfer surface which meanders in the horizontal direction and extends in the vertical direction. It is divided by the heat transfer section 8.
- the refrigerant spreading device 13 on the first evaporator side and the solution spreading device 25 on the second absorber side are installed along the heat transfer surface 81 at the top of the heat transfer surface 81.
- a liquid film of a refrigerant is formed on the side of the heat transfer surface 81 on the first evaporator 11 side, and a liquid film of a solution is formed on the side of the heat transfer surface 81 on the second absorber 22 side.
- the lower part of the heat transfer surface 81 is closed at the first evaporator 11 side, and the refrigerant which has flowed down the first evaporator side (inner side) of the heat transfer surface 81 and which has not evaporated is the refrigerant tank 15 ( 1 and 2).
- the solution flowing down on the second absorber 22 side (outside) of the heat transfer surface 81 drops outside the closed lower end of the heat transfer surface 81 and is collected in the lower solution tank 26.
- a heat transfer pipe 27 is disposed horizontally in the first absorber 21, and cooling water flows in the heat transfer pipe 27.
- the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the first evaporator 11 flows through the eliminator 18 into the first absorber 21 and is absorbed by the solution dispersed on the heat transfer tube 27 from the solution distribution device 23.
- the heat of absorption generated when the refrigerant vapor is absorbed is taken away by the cooling water flowing in the heat transfer tube 27.
- the solution which absorbs the refrigerant vapor and becomes thinner is collected in the solution tank 24.
- a heat transfer pipe 17 is disposed horizontally in the second evaporator 12, and cold water or brine is flowing inside the heat transfer pipe 17.
- the refrigerant liquid is sprayed from the spraying device 14 onto the heat transfer pipe 17, and the sprayed refrigerant liquid desorbs heat from the cold water or brine flowing inside the heat transfer pipe 17 and evaporates.
- the evaporated refrigerant vapor is sent through the eliminator 28 to the second absorber 22.
- the refrigerant that can not be evaporated on the heat transfer tube 17 is collected in the refrigerant tank 16.
- the heat transfer portion 8 is configured by installing the heat transfer surface 81 so as to meander in the horizontal direction, the heat transfer portion having a large heat transfer area in a compact volume. 8 can be accommodated, and the overall size of the two-stage absorption refrigerator can be made compact.
- the surface of the heat transfer surface 81 is an uneven portion in which a plurality of concave portions and convex portions are formed substantially in the horizontal direction. Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, on both sides of the upper side of the heat transfer surface 81 which is formed in a cylindrical shape which is long in the vertical direction, the refrigerant scattering device 13 and the solution described above along the heat transfer surface 81 The spraying device 25 is installed.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the spray devices 13 and 25 shown in FIG. 4; the refrigerant spray device 25 of the second absorber (low temperature absorber) 22 and the refrigerant of the first evaporator (high temperature evaporator) 11
- the spraying devices 13 are disposed at the upper portion of the heat transfer surface 81, and the liquid refrigerant or the solution is transferred from the heat transfer surface 81 through the horizontal holes 13a and 25a respectively provided in the spraying devices 13 and 25. It is spread on the heat surface and configured to flow down. By this configuration, it is possible to uniformly disperse with a simple configuration using a liquid head.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the assembled state of the heat transfer section 8 in the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining an example of manufacturing the heat transfer section 8 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining a production example of the heat transfer surface 81 shown in FIG. 7
- FIG. 9 is a view of the heat transfer portion 8 shown in FIG.
- the heat transfer section 8 of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of cylindrical heat transfer surfaces 81 and a closing plate 82 to which the heat transfer surfaces 81 are attached.
- the heat transfer surface 81 has an opening 81a with one end open, and the other end closed by a closing member 81b.
- the side surface in the longitudinal direction is formed with a concavo-convex portion in the horizontal direction so as to extend from the open end side to the back side (close member 81 b side).
- the closing plate 82 is formed of a metal plate in which a plurality of openings 82a are formed, and the heat transfer surface 81 is set so that the opening 81a of the heat transfer surface 81 matches the portion of the openings 82a.
- the heat transfer portion 8 is manufactured by joining and fixing the closing plate 82 by butt welding.
- the opening 82 a formed in the closing plate 82 is formed in a rectangular shape (see FIG. 9) disposed in the opening 81 a of the heat transfer surface 81.
- the heat transfer unit 8 includes a first absorber (high temperature absorber) 21 side and a second evaporator (low temperature evaporator) 12 side in the can 10 serving as a shell of the absorption refrigerator. And the entire periphery of the outer peripheral portion of the closing plate 82 is welded to the can body 10. That is, the right front side of the heat transfer section 8 is the first absorber (high temperature absorber) 21 side sandwiching the first evaporator (high temperature evaporator) 11, and the left back side is the second absorber The low temperature absorber 22 is interposed between the second evaporator 12 (low temperature evaporator) 12 side.
- the heat transfer surface 81 is formed of two heat transfer plates 81c and 81d, in which the uneven portion in the horizontal direction is formed and the upper end or the lower end thereof is bent in the horizontal direction, and the closing member 81b.
- the closing member 81b is formed in a shape that matches the shape of the opening on one end side formed in the assembled state of the two heat transfer plates 81c and 81d on which the uneven portion is formed, and welding is performed. Therefore, the heat transfer plate 81 can be easily manufactured without the need to bend the uneven portion of the heat transfer plate.
- FIG. 9 is a view of the heat transfer section 8 shown in FIG. 6 as viewed from the closing plate 82 side, and the outside of the heat transfer surface 81 shown by the dotted line on the back side of the closing plate 82 is a second absorber (low temperature absorber) 22. It is on the side.
- the inner side of the heat transfer surface 81 including the opening 82a is the first evaporator (high temperature evaporator) 11 side.
- the following effects can be obtained by configuring the cylindrical heat transfer surface 81 to be on the first evaporator 11 side and the outer side on the second absorber 22 side. That is, if the inner side of the cylindrical heat transfer surface 81 is on the second absorber 22 side, there is a possibility that the solution may be accumulated on the bottom of the cylindrical heat transfer surface, which increases the possibility of causing corrosion. The risk of corrosion can be avoided by setting the inner side of the cylindrical heat transfer surface 81 to the first evaporator side as in this embodiment. Since the second absorber 22 side has a low pressure, the density of the refrigerant vapor decreases, and the vapor flow velocity increases accordingly, but by setting the second absorber 22 outside the heat transfer surface 81, the vapor density is small. A sufficient space volume can be easily secured in response to (the flow velocity becoming faster).
- a large number of cylindrical heat transfer surface bodies 81 are manufactured, and the leak check (leakage inspection) of the welded portion is performed in the state of the heat transfer surface body 81 alone. If a defect in the weld is found, the heat transfer surface 81 can be repaired alone. Therefore, since the length of the portion to be continuously welded can be made extremely short, manufacture is easy and welding for repair can also be easily performed.
- the heat transfer surface 81 having no welding defect after the leak inspection is butt-welded to the closing plate 82 to produce the heat transfer portion 8, and then the leak check of the butt weld portion of the heat transfer portion 8 is performed. If defects in the weld are found also at this stage, the repair is carried out, but at this stage the heat transfer section 8 is not yet attached to the can 10, so the repair is easy and the length of continuous welding is short.
- the heat transfer portion 8 assembled and subjected to the leak inspection is incorporated into the can 10 to be the shell of the absorption refrigerator, and the entire periphery of the outer peripheral portion of the closing plate 82 is welded to the can 10 .
- the length for continuous welding becomes very short as compared with the conventional welding of the bellows-like heat transfer surface to the can, and moreover the outer periphery of the closing plate 82 Since only welding is performed, welding itself can be performed very easily, and welding defects are less likely to occur. Further, the leak check of the welded portion can be easily performed by observing from one side of the can 10, and even if a defect is found, the repair is only the outer peripheral portion of the closing plate 82. Repair is also very easy.
- the reliability of the welded portion is extremely important.
- the heat transfer area of the heat transfer portion can be enlarged as in the case of the conventional heat transfer surface formed in a bellows shape, and the high performance two-stage absorption refrigerator is also possible. can get.
- the heat transfer surface 81 can be adapted to a plurality of capacity absorption refrigerator. It is also easily possible to reduce the manufacturing cost.
- FIG. 10 is a view showing another manufacturing example of the heat transfer surface 81, in which one plate member in which a plurality of fine concavo-convex portions are formed in the horizontal direction is bent to form a cylindrical shape.
- the weld for forming the tube is good only at one place of the upper edge.
- the opening at the other end welds the closing member 81b as shown in FIG.
- a portion corresponding to the closing member 81b may be integrally formed in advance on the plate material.
- FIG. 11 shows another manufacturing example of the heat transfer section 8
- FIG. 12 is a view showing a state in which the heat transfer surface 81 shown in FIG. 11 is assembled.
- the heat transfer unit 8 manufactured in this manufacturing example is different from the heat transfer unit 8 described above in that the closing member 81b of the heat transfer surface 81 is formed in a rectangular shape.
- the closing member 81b does not have to be shaped to match the shape of the opening of the heat transfer surface 81 having the uneven portion, and a simple rectangular closing member 81b is shown in FIG.
- the heat transfer plates 81c and 81d can be manufactured by butt welding, and the heat transfer surface 81 can be more easily manufactured.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the heat transfer unit 8 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a view showing still another example of manufacturing the heat transfer portion 8.
- the heat transfer surface 81 can be welded by being inserted into the opening 82 a of the closing plate 82, the leak check of the welded portion in the heat transfer portion 8 can be performed by using the anti-heat transfer surface 81. It can be done from the side.
- the heat transfer portion 8 is incorporated into the can 10 constituting the shell of the absorption refrigerator, and the outer periphery of the closing plate 82 of the heat transfer portion 8 is welded to the can 10, the welded portion of the outer periphery of the closing plate
- the leak check of the welded portion of the opening 82a can also be performed from the first evaporator (high temperature evaporator) 11 side.
- the repair can be easily performed from the first evaporator 11 side.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the heat transfer section 8 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a view showing still another example of manufacturing the heat transfer section 8.
- the closing member 81b of the heat transfer surface 81 is formed in a rectangular shape as in the case shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
- the closing member 81b of this example is different in that the lower end thereof is extended to the same height position as the lower end of the closing plate 82.
- the heat transfer surface 81 can be supported by the can 10 also with the closing member 81b instead of being cantilevered only by the welding portion on the closing plate 82 side, so the strength is improved and the reliability is improved. Can be further enhanced.
- the other configuration is the same as that of the heat transfer section 8 shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
- FIG. 15 shows a modification of the heat transfer surface 81 shown in FIG. 14.
- the heat transfer is performed by the support 81e provided at the lower portion of the heat transfer surface 81.
- the face body 81 is supported by the can 10.
- the heat transfer surface 81 is not cantilevered only by the welding portion on the closing plate 82 side, but can also be supported by the support 81 e on the can 10, so it is similar to the example shown in FIG. You can get the effect.
- the other configuration is the same as that shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a view for explaining an example of the case where the second absorber (low temperature absorber) 22 is bled.
- a corrosion inhibitor is added to the solution to prevent corrosion in the apparatus, and noncondensable gas is generated when an oxide film is formed. If the non-condensed gas is not exhausted to the outside of the apparatus, it gathers in the second absorber 22 which has a low pressure along with the refrigerant vapor of the second evaporator 12 on the low temperature side, which hinders heat exchange. Therefore, a bleed for discharging the non-condensed gas from the second absorber 22 is required.
- a hole 83 communicating with the second absorber is formed in the closing plate 82 constituting the heat transfer section 8, and the extraction pipe 84 is By connecting the hole 83 from the first evaporator (high temperature evaporator) 11 side, the second absorber 22 can be bled. According to this configuration, the bleed pipe 84 can be routed from the first absorber (high temperature absorber) 21 side, so the bleed pipe 84 can be easily installed.
- the heat transfer portion 8 provided between the low temperature absorber 22 and the high temperature evaporator 11 constituting the two-stage absorption type refrigerator is formed with the convex and concave portions in the horizontal direction.
- the two-stage absorption method enables the heat transfer area of the heat transfer section 8 to be increased, and also easy to manufacture, and can be manufactured at low cost, since the heat transfer surface body 81 and the closing plate 82 form a cylindrical shape.
- the absorption type refrigerator and the manufacturing method thereof can be obtained.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記再生器3で発生した濃溶液は、前記溶液ポンプ71により配管路91を介して前記第1吸収器21へ導かれ、第1吸収器21の上部に設けられた溶液散布装置23から散布される。また、第1吸収器21内下部の溶液タンク24に溜まった溶液は溶液ポンプ72により配管路92を介して前記第2吸収器22に送られ、溶液散布装置25から散布される。この第2吸収器22内下部の溶液タンク26の稀溶液は、溶液ポンプ73により配管路93を介して前記再生器3に送られ、濃溶液に再生される。
なお、この実施例において、吸収剤は臭化リチウムであり、冷媒は水である。
図7に示す例では、前記閉止板82に形成された開口部82aは、前記伝熱面体81の開口81a内に配置される矩形形状(図9参照)に構成されている。
図10は、伝熱面体81の他の製作例を示す図で、水平方向に複数の微細な凹凸部が形成された1つの板材を折り曲げて筒状に形成するもので、このようにすれば、筒状にするための溶接部が上端縁の一箇所のみで良くなる。なお、筒状に構成された部材の一端側の開口81aを残し、他端側の開口部は、図8に示したような閉止部材81bを溶接するか、凹凸部が形成された前記1つの板材に、予め閉止部材81bに相当する部分を一体に形成しておくようにしても良い。
11:第1蒸発器(高温蒸発器)、12: 第2蒸発器(低温蒸発器)、
13,14:冷媒散布装置、13a:横穴、15,16:冷媒タンク、17:伝熱管、
18,28:エリミネータ、
21:第1吸収器(高温吸収器)、22: 第2蒸発器(低温吸収器)、
23,25:溶液散布装置、25a:横穴、24,26:溶液タンク、27:伝熱管、
3: 再生器、31:散布装置、32:伝熱管、
4:凝縮器、41:伝熱管、
51:低温溶液熱交換器、52:高温溶液熱交換器、
6:冷媒ポンプ、
71、72、73:溶液ポンプ、
8:伝熱部、81:伝熱面体、81a:開口、81b:閉止部材、
81c,81d:伝熱プレート、81e:支持体、
82:閉止板、82a:開口部、83:穴、84:抽気用配管、
91~95:配管路、96:連通管。
Claims (14)
- 缶体内に、低温蒸発器、低温吸収器、高温蒸発器、高温吸収器を順に隣り合わせて配置すると共に、前記高温蒸発器と前記低温吸収器は伝熱部を介して隣り合うように配置されて、前記低温吸収器の吸収熱が、高温蒸発器と低温吸収器の間の前記伝熱部を通して、高温蒸発器側の伝熱部上を流れる冷媒に伝達されるように構成された二段吸収式冷凍機において、
前記伝熱部は、一端が開口し、他端が閉じられた筒状の伝熱面体と、複数の開口部を有する閉止板とを備え、前記閉止板に形成された開口部に前記伝熱面体の開口が位置するようにして、前記伝熱面体を前記閉止板に取り付けて構成され、この伝熱部の閉止板は前記缶体に固定され、
前記伝熱部の前記筒状の伝熱面体の内側には、前記高温蒸発器或いは前記低温吸収器の一方が配置され、前記筒状の伝熱面体の外側には、前記高温蒸発器或いは前記低温吸収器の他方が配置されると共に、
前記伝熱面体上部の前記高温蒸発器側には冷媒散布装置が、前記伝熱面体上部の前記低温吸収器側には溶液散布装置が配置されている
ことを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。 - 請求項1に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記筒状の伝熱面体の内側には、前記高温蒸発器が配置され、前記筒状の伝熱面体の外側には、前記低温吸収器が配置されていることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項1に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記伝熱面体は上下方向に長い筒状に構成され、この伝熱面体が複数個水平方向に配置されるように前記閉止板に取り付けることで、水平方向に蛇行し、垂直方向に延びた伝熱面に構成されていることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項1に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記筒状の伝熱面体は水平方向の凹凸部を形成した伝熱面を有することを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項4に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記閉止板に形成された開口部は前記伝熱面体の開口内に配置される矩形形状に構成されていることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項4に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記閉止板に形成された開口部は前記伝熱面体の開口の形状と一致した形状に構成されていることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項1に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、一端が開口し、他端が閉じられた筒状の前記伝熱面体は、水平方向の凹凸部を形成した伝熱面を有する伝熱プレートと、前記閉じられた他端を塞ぐ閉止部材を備えることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項7に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記閉止部材は、矩形形状に構成されて前記伝熱プレートに突合せ溶接されていることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項8に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記閉止部材の下端が前記閉止板の下端と同じ高さ位置まで延長して構成されていることを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項1に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記伝熱面体を支持するための支持体を前記伝熱面体の下部に設けたことを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 請求項1に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機において、前記冷媒散布装置及び前記溶液散布装置は、前記伝熱面体の伝熱面に沿うように隙間を介して設置され、前記各散布装置の側部には前記冷媒または溶液を散布するための横穴を設け、この横穴から前記伝熱面に冷媒または溶液を散布させ伝熱面に沿って流下させる構成としたことを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機。
- 缶体内に、高温蒸発器と低温吸収器が伝熱部を介して隣り合うように配置されている二段吸収式冷凍機の製造方法において、
一端が開口し、他端が閉じられた筒状の伝熱面体と、複数の開口部を有する閉止板を製作し、その後前記閉止板に形成された開口部に前記伝熱面体の開口が位置するようにして、前記伝熱面体を前記閉止板に溶接することで前記伝熱部を製作し、
この製作された伝熱部を前記缶体の所定位置に配置した後、前記伝熱部の閉止板外周を前記缶体に全周溶接することを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機の製造方法。 - 請求項12に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機の製造方法において、前記伝熱面体は複数の伝熱プレートと閉止部材を溶接することで一端が開口し、他端が閉じられた筒状の伝熱面体を製作し、当該製作された伝熱面体の溶接部の漏れ検査を実施した後、この漏れ検査実施後の伝熱面体を前記閉止板に溶接して前記伝熱部を製作することを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機の製造方法。
- 請求項13に記載の二段吸収式冷凍機の製造方法において、前記伝熱部を製作後、当該伝熱部の溶接部の漏れ検査を実施し、この漏れ検査実施後の伝熱部を前記缶体に溶接することを特徴とする二段吸収式冷凍機の製造方法。
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- 2011-02-22 WO PCT/JP2011/053842 patent/WO2012114456A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-02-22 JP JP2013500752A patent/JP5489143B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000227262A (ja) * | 1999-02-03 | 2000-08-15 | Hitachi Ltd | 吸収冷凍機及びその製造方法 |
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US9677791B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2017-06-13 | Major Bravo Limited | Absorption refrigeration machine |
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