WO2012105492A1 - 電池の満充電容量検出方法 - Google Patents
電池の満充電容量検出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012105492A1 WO2012105492A1 PCT/JP2012/051980 JP2012051980W WO2012105492A1 WO 2012105492 A1 WO2012105492 A1 WO 2012105492A1 JP 2012051980 W JP2012051980 W JP 2012051980W WO 2012105492 A1 WO2012105492 A1 WO 2012105492A1
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- battery
- capacity
- full charge
- change value
- charge capacity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3828—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for detecting the full charge capacity of a battery in which the capacity that can be substantially fully charged decreases as the battery is charged and discharged.
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) is a capacity until the fully charged battery is completely discharged. Since the battery has a characteristic of being significantly deteriorated by overcharge or overdischarge, the deterioration can be reduced by using the battery within a predetermined remaining capacity (SOC [%]) with respect to the full charge capacity (Ahf). For this reason, in order to prevent overcharge and overdischarge, it is important to accurately detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) that decreases with time.
- the battery can be controlled even if charge / discharge is controlled so that the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) is a predetermined ratio with respect to the detected full charge capacity (Ahf). This is because charging / discharging is performed up to a region where the battery is overcharged or overdischarged, resulting in deterioration. For example, charging / discharging of a battery for vehicles is controlled so that the remaining capacity is in a predetermined range centered on 50%. The remaining capacity (SOC [%]) is determined based on the full charge capacity (Ahf). Therefore, if there is an error in the full charge capacity (Ahf), the remaining capacity ( SOC [%]) cannot be controlled.
- a power supply device for a vehicle it is important for a power supply device for a vehicle to control the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery within a range centering on 50% so that charging and discharging are possible. This is because the battery is discharged to accelerate the speed of the vehicle, charged, and decelerated by regenerative braking.
- a large number of batteries are used to charge large power. Since the power supply device for this application also includes a large number of batteries, it is important to reduce the deterioration of the batteries and extend the life. Therefore, it is important to accurately detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery to prevent overcharge and overdischarge.
- Ahf full charge capacity
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected by integrating the charge capacity until the fully discharged battery is fully charged. Further, the full charge capacity (Ahf) can be detected by integrating the discharge capacity until the fully charged battery is completely discharged.
- these methods can accurately detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery, they have a drawback that the usage environment of the battery is significantly limited. This is because when the battery is completely discharged, power cannot be taken out of the battery, and when the battery is fully charged, power cannot be supplied to the battery. For example, a battery mounted on a vehicle discharges the battery and accelerates the speed of the vehicle with a motor, and when the vehicle is braked and decelerated, the battery is charged with a generator and regeneratively braked.
- the battery When the battery is completely discharged, the vehicle speed cannot be accelerated by the battery, and when the battery is fully charged, the battery cannot be charged by regenerative braking. If the battery is completely discharged to detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) as well as the vehicle, there is a disadvantage that not only does the discharge take time, but the battery cannot be used at all in the discharged state. Further, since the battery tends to deteriorate in the full charge and over discharge regions, the battery is completely discharged and fully charged for detecting the full charge capacity (Ahf). In this case, detection of the full charge capacity (Ahf) causes the battery to deteriorate.
- Patent Document 1 As a method for solving this drawback, a method has been developed in which the degree of deterioration of the battery is detected from the accumulated amount of charge capacity of the battery and the value at which the full charge capacity (Ahf) decreases is detected. (See Patent Document 1) Furthermore, Patent Document 1 also describes a method of detecting the rate of decrease in full charge capacity using the storage temperature and remaining capacity of the battery as parameters.
- Patent Document 1 can detect the full charge capacity without fully discharging the battery and fully charging. For this reason, the full charge capacity can be detected without restricting the use environment of the battery.
- this method estimates how much the full charge capacity decreases from the accumulated value of the charge capacity, the storage temperature, and the remaining capacity, there is a drawback that it is difficult to always accurately detect the full charge capacity of the battery. This is because the deterioration of the battery changes in a complicated manner due to various external conditions.
- the inventor detects the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) of the battery and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) from the integrated value of the charge current and discharge current of the battery to be charged / discharged for the purpose of solving this drawback.
- the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) of the battery is detected before and after the timing, the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is detected from each open circuit voltage (V OCV ), and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%])
- a capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) a method for calculating the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery based on the following equation was developed.
- Ahf ⁇ Ah / ( ⁇ SOC [%] / 100)
- the above-described full charge capacity detection method has a feature that the full charge capacity of the battery can be detected without completely discharging or fully charging the battery. That is, the battery capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) of the battery at the timing are detected from the integrated value of the charging current and discharging current of the battery to be charged and discharged, and the remaining capacity is detected. This is because the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery is calculated from the change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah). However, this method is always difficult to correctly detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery.
- An important object of the present invention is to provide a full charge capacity detection method capable of more accurately detecting the full charge capacity (Ahf) of a battery without fully charging or completely discharging the battery.
- the full charge capacity detection method of the present invention includes a capacity change detection step of calculating a capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) of a battery from a charge current of the battery charged and discharged at a predetermined timing and an integrated value of the discharge current;
- the first remaining capacity (SOC 1 [%]) of the battery is determined from the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) detected in this open circuit voltage detection step, and the battery open state is determined from the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ).
- a remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is calculated from the difference between the first remaining capacity (SOC 1 [%]) and the second remaining capacity (SOC 2 [%]) determined in the remaining capacity determination step.
- the battery full charge capacity detection method of the present invention includes a capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), a remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), a first open-circuit voltage (V OCV1 ), and a second open-circuit voltage (In a state where at least one of the voltage differences from V OCV2 ) is larger than a preset setting value, the full charge capacity of the battery is determined from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]). Calculate.
- the full charge capacity detection method described above has a feature that the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected more accurately without fully charging or completely discharging the battery. This is because the full charge capacity detection method described above includes the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ), and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ).
- the battery full charge capacity is calculated from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) only when at least one of the voltage differences is larger than a preset value. is there.
- the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] is estimated from the open circuit voltage (V OCV ), and the battery full charge capacity (Ahf) is detected using the estimated remaining capacity [SOC (%)] as one parameter, the open circuit is opened.
- An error in the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] with respect to the voltage (V OCV ) causes an error in the detected full charge capacity (Ahf). Since the error of the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] with respect to the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) fluctuates on both the plus side and the minus side, the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%] is calculated from the difference between the remaining capacity [SOC (%)]. ]) May be accumulated.
- the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] is estimated from each open circuit voltage (V OCV ) in a state where the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) of the battery to be charged / discharged is small and the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) is small.
- the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is detected, the error may become considerably large. That is, the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] estimated from each open circuit voltage (V OCV ) has an error that changes between the plus side and the minus side, and therefore the difference between the remaining capacity change values ( ⁇ SOC [%]). This is because errors may accumulate in the.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which an error with respect to the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) changes between a state where the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is small and a large state.
- (A) of this figure shows a state where the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is small, and (b) shows a state where the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is large.
- the ratio of error to the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) decreases.
- the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) changes from the minimum value ⁇ SOC [%] min to the maximum value ⁇ SOC [%] max, as shown in (a) and (b). Therefore, the error with respect to the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is ( ⁇ SOC [%] max ⁇ SOC [%] min) / ( ⁇ SOC [%]), and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) of the denominator. When becomes larger, the error becomes smaller.
- the full charge capacity detection method described above detects the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery only in a state where the error rate of the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is small. A feature capable of detecting Ahf) is realized.
- the battery full charge capacity detection method of the present invention can calculate the full charge capacity of the battery based on the following formula in the full charge capacity calculation step.
- Ahf ⁇ Ah / ( ⁇ SOC [%] / 100)
- the battery full charge capacity detection method of the present invention compares the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) with the set value, and when the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is larger than the set value, the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity
- the full charge capacity of the battery can be calculated from the change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is compared with the set value, and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is larger than the set value.
- the full charge capacity of the battery can also be calculated from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the full charge capacity detection method of the present invention compares the voltage difference between the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) with the set value, and the voltage difference is less than the set value.
- the full charge capacity of the battery can be calculated from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the full charge capacity detection method of the present invention includes the detected full charge capacity (Ahf1) detected from the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), and the previously detected previous value. From the full charge capacity (Ahf2), the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected by the following formula.
- Full charge capacity (Ahf) weight 1 x detected full charge capacity (Ahf 1) + weight 2 x previous full charge capacity (Ahf 2)
- weight 1 + weight 2 1.
- the full charge capacity detection method described above can detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) more accurately because it detects the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery while taking into account the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2).
- the full charge capacity detection method of the present invention can change the weight 1 and the weight 2 by the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and increase the weight 1 as the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) increases. .
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) weight of the battery detected from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) detected more accurately is increased.
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected more accurately.
- the weight 1 and the weight 2 are changed by the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), and as the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) increases.
- the weight 1 can be increased.
- the full charge capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) increases, that is, the full charge capacity of the battery ( ⁇ SOC [%]) detected from the more accurately detected remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]). Since the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery is rewritten by increasing the weight of Ahf1), the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected more accurately.
- the weight 1 and the weight 2 are changed by the voltage difference between the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ). As the difference increases, the weight 1 can be increased.
- This method increases the weight of the detected full charge capacity (Ahf1) that is detected in a state where the voltage difference is large, that is, the battery full charge capacity (Ahf1) that is detected more accurately. Since the capacity (Ahf) is rewritten, the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected more accurately.
- the full charge capacity detection method of the present invention can change the weight 1 and the weight 2 at the timing of detecting the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and increase the weight 1 as the timing becomes longer. .
- This method increases the weight of the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah1) detected in a state where the timing of detecting the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is long, that is, the full charge capacity (Ahf1) of the battery detected more accurately. Since the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery is rewritten, the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected more accurately.
- the full charge capacity detection method of the present invention includes the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ), and the second open circuit voltage.
- the battery temperature is detected, and the battery deterioration degree [%] is calculated from the detected battery temperature.
- the battery full charge capacity (Ahf) is calculated from the degree of deterioration [%] of the battery, the initial full charge capacity (Ahf0) of the battery, and the previously detected full charge capacity (Ahf2). Can do.
- the first detection timing and the second detection timing can be a timing at which no current flows through the battery, and the first detection timing and the second detection timing can be set as time intervals that fluctuate. it can.
- 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a full charge capacity of a battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a full charge capacity of a battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting a full charge capacity of a battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a power supply device used in the battery full charge capacity detection method of the present invention.
- This power supply device is used in a device that supplies power to a motor that drives a vehicle, and is used in a device that charges a battery with a solar cell in the daytime and outputs the charged power in the daytime or at night.
- This power supply device includes a battery 1 that can be charged, a current detector 2 that detects a charge / discharge current of the battery 1, a voltage detector 3 that detects the voltage of the battery 1, and a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the battery 1.
- a capacity calculation unit 5 that calculates the output signal of the current detection unit 2 to integrate the current for charging / discharging the battery 1 to detect the capacity (Ah) of the battery 1, and the battery from the output signal of the voltage detection unit 3
- a remaining capacity detection unit 6 for determining the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of 1
- a full charge capacity detection unit 7 for detecting the full charge capacity of the battery 1 based on output signals of the remaining capacity detection unit 6 and the capacity calculation unit 5.
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 corrects the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 with the full charge capacity detected by the full charge capacity detection unit 7 and detects an accurate remaining capacity (SOC [%]).
- battery information is transmitted to the vehicle or solar cell device on the main body side using the battery 1 as a power source.
- the battery 1 is a lithium ion secondary battery or a lithium polymer battery. However, a rechargeable battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery or a nickel cadmium battery can be used as the battery.
- the battery 1 has one or a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series or in parallel.
- the current detection unit 2 that detects the charging / discharging current of the battery 1 detects the voltage generated at both ends of the current detection resistor 10 connected in series with the battery 1 to detect the charging current and the discharging current.
- the current detection unit 2 amplifies the voltage induced across the current detection resistor 10 with an amplifier (not shown), and converts an analog signal that is an output signal of the amplifier into a digital signal with an A / D converter (not shown). Convert and output. Since the current detection resistor 10 generates a voltage proportional to the current flowing through the battery 1, the current can be detected by the voltage.
- the amplifier is an operational amplifier capable of amplifying a +-signal, and distinguishes a charging current and a discharging current by +-of the output voltage.
- the current detection unit 2 outputs a current signal of the battery 1 to the capacity calculation unit 5, the remaining capacity detection unit 6, and the communication processing unit 9.
- the voltage detector 3 detects the voltage of the battery 1, converts the detected analog signal into a digital signal by an A / D converter (not shown), and outputs the digital signal.
- the voltage detection unit 3 outputs the detected voltage signal of the battery 1 to the remaining capacity detection unit 6 and the communication processing unit 9.
- each battery voltage can be detected and an average value thereof can be output.
- an average value of the battery modules is output as a battery voltage.
- the temperature detector 4 detects the temperature of the battery 1, converts the detected signal into a digital signal by an A / D converter (not shown), and outputs the digital signal.
- the temperature detection unit 4 outputs temperature signals to the capacity calculation unit 5, the remaining capacity detection unit 6, and the communication processing unit 9.
- the capacity calculation unit 5 calculates the capacity (Ah) that the battery 1 can discharge by calculating the current signal of the digital signal input from the current detection unit 2.
- the capacity calculation unit 5 subtracts the discharge capacity from the charge capacity of the battery 1 and calculates the capacity (Ah) of the battery 1 that can be discharged as an integrated value (Ah) of the current.
- the charging capacity is calculated by an integrated value of the charging current of the battery 1 or by multiplying this by charging efficiency.
- the discharge capacity is calculated by the integrated value of the discharge current.
- the capacity calculator 5 is a signal input from the temperature detector 4 and can accurately calculate the capacity by correcting the integrated value of the charge capacity and the discharge capacity.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 from the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) of the battery 1.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 detects the open voltage (V OCV ) of the battery 1 from the voltage signal of the battery 1 input from the voltage detection unit 3 and the current signal input from the current detection unit 2, or the current detection unit At the timing when the charge / discharge current value input from 2 becomes 0, the voltage value input from the voltage detector 3 is detected as an open circuit voltage (V OCV ). Further, the remaining capacity detection unit 6 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 from the detected open circuit voltage (V OCV ) of the battery 1 in order to determine the remaining capacity with respect to the open voltage (V OCV ) of the battery 1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) with respect to the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) of the battery.
- the memory 11 stores the characteristics of the open circuit voltage-remaining capacity shown in this graph as a function or as a table.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) with respect to the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) from the function or table stored in the memory 11.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 does not necessarily need to detect the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) at the timing when the charge / discharge current becomes zero, and the battery 1 is determined from the charge / discharge current of the battery 1 detected by the current detection unit 2.
- the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) can be calculated and detected.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 stores the detection voltage (V CCV ) of the battery 1 and the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) with respect to the charging / discharging current in the memory 11 as a function or a table.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) of the battery with respect to the charge / discharge current of the battery at a specific detection voltage (V CCV ).
- the memory 11 stores the current-open voltage characteristics shown in this graph as a function or as a table.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 calculates an open circuit voltage (V OCV ) with respect to the detection voltage and the charge / discharge current from a function or table stored in the memory 11, and further calculates the battery 1 from the calculated open circuit voltage (V OCV ). Remaining capacity (SOC [%]) is determined. In other words, the remaining capacity detection unit 6 can detect the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) of the battery 1 even when the charge / discharge current flows through the battery 1 regardless of the charge / discharge state of the battery 1.
- the capacity calculator 5 and the remaining capacity calculator 6 detect the battery capacity (Ah) and the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] at the first detection timing and the second detection timing.
- the first detection timing and the second detection timing are preferably set so that no current flows through the battery.
- the detection timing is set after a state in which no current flows through the battery for a longer time than the preset setting time, so that the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] relative to the open-circuit voltage (V OCV ) can be more accurately determined.
- the set time is preferably 30 minutes. However, the set time can be, for example, 1 minute to 10 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 3 hours.
- the remaining time [SOC (%)] relative to the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) can be detected more accurately by extending the set time.
- the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] with respect to the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) at the first detection timing can be more accurately determined. It can be detected.
- the setting time of the second detection timing to be shorter than the setting time of the first detection timing, after stopping charging and discharging, the open-circuit voltage (V OCV ) is quickly detected and the remaining capacity [SOC (%)] Can be detected.
- the first detection timing and the second detection timing are the battery
- the detection timing can be set to the timing at which the current flows through the battery without specifying the timing at which the charge / discharge current of 1 becomes 0.
- the time interval between the first detection timing and the second detection timing is not a constant time set in advance, but is a variable time interval, so that the first detection timing and the second detection timing are Is set to an optimal timing, and the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery can be detected more accurately.
- the timing immediately before starting charging at the charging station is set as the first detection timing, and the timing at which charging ends at the charging station is set as the second detection timing.
- the battery since the charging time becomes longer, the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) are large, and the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery is accurate. The probability that it can be detected becomes high.
- the timing at which the ignition switch 12 is turned on is the first detection timing when the load current of the battery 1 is cut off, and the second detection is performed after the ignition switch 12 is switched off.
- the first detection timing in the hybrid car is a predetermined range before and after the ignition switch 12 is turned on, for example, from 2 hours before the ignition switch 12 is turned on to within 3 seconds after being turned on, preferably The timing can be within 1 second.
- the voltage detection unit 3 detects the voltage of the battery 1 last time as the first detection timing, and is detected at this time.
- the battery voltage stored in the memory 11 can be the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ).
- the second detection timing is after the ignition switch 12 is switched off, and when the voltage of the battery 1 is stabilized, for example, after two hours have elapsed after the ignition switch 12 is switched off.
- the first detection timing and the second detection timing are set to the timing at which the solar battery is not charged and is not discharged to the load.
- the battery used for this purpose can also specify the first detection timing and the second detection timing at a specific time or at regular time intervals.
- Battery 1 is charged and discharged, and changes the capacity (Ah) and remaining capacity (SOC [%]) that can be discharged until it is completely discharged.
- the capacity (Ah) and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) that can be discharged from the battery are reduced, and the capacity (Ah) and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) that can be discharged after being charged are increased.
- the capacity (Ah) that can be discharged from the battery, which changes from the first detection timing to the second detection timing, is detected by the capacity calculator 5.
- the capacity calculation unit 5 integrates the charging current and the discharging current of the battery 1 to detect the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) in the time period from the first detection timing to the second detection timing, and detects the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah). ) To calculate the capacity (Ah) that can be discharged.
- the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery that changes from the first detection timing to the second detection timing is detected by the remaining capacity detection unit 6.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 includes a first remaining capacity (SOC1 [%]) specified from the voltage of the battery 1 at the first detection timing and a second voltage specified from the battery voltage at the second detection timing.
- the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is detected from the difference in the remaining capacity (SOC2 [%]).
- the capacity calculator 5 integrates the charge / discharge currents in the time period from the first detection timing to the second detection timing to detect the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), and the battery changes from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah).
- the capacity (Ah) that can be discharged is detected.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 detects the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) from the changing battery open-circuit voltage (V OCV ).
- the full charge capacity detector 7 calculates a full charge capacity (Ahf) from the changing capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) of the battery and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the full charge capacity detector 7 detects the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) of the battery 1 between the first detection timing and the second detection timing.
- the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) of the battery 1 to be charged / discharged are calculated.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 changes the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 detected by the remaining capacity detection unit 6, that is, the remaining capacity that changes from the first detection timing to the second detection timing ( From the change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) of the SOC [%]) and the change in the dischargeable capacity (Ah) of the battery 1 detected by the capacity calculator 5, that is, the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) 1 full charge capacity (Ahf) is detected.
- Ahf ⁇ Ah / ( ⁇ SOC [%] / 100)
- the full charge capacity detection unit does not always detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) from the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah).
- the full charge capacity detection unit compares the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) detected from the first detection timing to the second detection timing with a set value stored in advance, and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is the set value. Only in a larger state, the full charge capacity of the battery is calculated from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the set value stored in the full charge capacity detection unit is, for example, 10% or more of the rated full charge capacity (Ahf).
- the full charge capacity detection unit compares the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) detected from the first detection timing to the second detection timing, not the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), with the set value,
- the full charge capacity of the battery can also be calculated from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) only when the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is larger than the set value.
- the full charge capacity detection unit stores a set value of a remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the set value is, for example, 10% or more.
- the full charge capacity detection unit compares the voltage difference between the first open circuit voltage (VOCV1) at the first detection timing and the second open circuit voltage (VOCV2) at the second detection timing with a set value. Only when the voltage difference is larger than the set value, the full charge capacity of the battery can be calculated from the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the full charge capacity detection unit stores the voltage difference as a set value. The set value is 20% or more of the difference between the lowest voltage and the highest voltage.
- the full charge capacity detection unit includes the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) from the first detection timing to the second detection timing, and the first open-circuit voltage. Only when the voltage difference between (V OCV1 ) and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) is larger than a preset value, the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( The full charge capacity of the battery is calculated from ⁇ SOC [%]).
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 is the first discharge capacity (Ah 1 ) of the battery detected at the first detection timing and the second detection timing only when the specific condition is satisfied as described above.
- the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is calculated from the difference from the second dischargeable capacity (Ah 2 ) of the battery detected in step 1, or the battery is charged / discharged between the first detection timing and the second detection timing.
- the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is calculated from the integrated current value.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 determines the remaining capacity (SOC 1 [%]) specified from the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) of the battery detected at the first detection timing, and the second detection timing.
- the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) is calculated from the difference between the remaining capacity (SOC 2 [%]) specified from the second open-circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) detected in step (1).
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the detected full charge capacity (Ahf1) detected from the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), and the previous full charge capacity ( From Ahf2), the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery is more accurately detected by the following equation.
- Full charge capacity (Ahf) weight 1 x detected full charge capacity (Ahf 1) + weight 2 x previous full charge capacity (Ahf 2)
- weight 1 + weight 2 1.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 described above sets the latest detected full charge capacity (Ahf1) detected from the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) as the correct full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery.
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery is more accurately detected by correcting the full charge capacity (Ahf2) detected before and determining the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery.
- the weight 1 is changed by a capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) in a time zone from the first detection timing to the second detection timing. That is, the weight 1 is increased as the capacitance change value ( ⁇ Ah) increases.
- the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is 10% of the rated capacity or the full charge capacity (Ahf)
- the weight 1 is 0.1, and the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is smaller than 10%. Therefore, the weight 1 is increased as the weight 1 is decreased and becomes larger than 10%.
- FIG. 5 shows the weight 1 and the weight 2 with respect to the capacitance change value ( ⁇ Ah).
- Weight 1 and weight 2 for the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) are stored in advance in the memory. This method detects the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery more accurately by increasing the weight 1 as the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) increases and the accuracy of the detected full charge capacity (Ahf) increases. it can.
- the weight 1 can be changed by the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) from the first detection timing to the second detection timing.
- the full charge capacity detection unit increases the weight 1 as the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) increases, for example, in a state where the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) becomes 10%. 1 is set to 0.1, the weight 1 is made smaller as the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) becomes smaller than 10%, and the weight 1 is made larger as it becomes larger than 10%.
- FIG. 6 shows weight 1 and weight 2 with respect to the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]). In this method, as the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) increases and the accuracy of the detected full charge capacity (Ahf) increases, the weight 1 is increased and the full charge capacity of the battery (more accurately) Ahf) can be detected.
- the full charge capacity detection unit can also change the weight 1 by the voltage difference between the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ).
- the full charge capacity detection unit increases the weight 1 as the voltage difference of the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) increases.
- the voltage difference of the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) is the voltage difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage.
- the weight 1 is set to 0.1, the weight 1 is decreased as the voltage difference becomes smaller than 10%, and the weight 1 is increased as the voltage difference becomes larger than 10%.
- FIG. 7 shows weight 1 and weight 2 with respect to the ratio of the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) to the voltage difference between the minimum voltage and the maximum voltage. In this method, as the voltage difference increases and the accuracy of the detected full charge capacity (Ahf) increases, the weight 1 can be increased to more accurately detect the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery.
- the full charge capacity detection unit can change the length of the time period from the first detection timing to the second detection timing of the weight 1.
- the full charge capacity detection unit increases the weight 1 as the time zone becomes longer. For example, when the time zone is 1 hour, the weight 1 is set to 0.1 and the length of the time zone is longer than 1 hour. As the length becomes shorter, the weight 1 is made smaller, and as the time becomes longer than 1 hour, the weight 1 is made larger. In this method, as the time period from the first detection timing to the second detection timing becomes longer and the accuracy of the detected full charge capacity (Ahf) becomes higher, the weight 1 is increased and the battery is more accurately detected.
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) can be detected.
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 corrects the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 detected by the full charge capacity detection unit 7 and detects the accurate remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1. In other words, the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- SOC [%] [capacity that can be discharged (Ah) / full charge capacity (Ahf)] ⁇ 100
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 is based on both the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 calculated by the above formula and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) detected by the remaining capacity detector 6 from the battery voltage. The remaining capacity of the battery 1 can be accurately detected.
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 averages, for example, the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) calculated from the full charge capacity (Ahf) and the dischargeable capacity (Ah) and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) determined from the battery voltage. Then, an accurate remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 is calculated.
- the exact remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 can also be calculated by weighting (SOC [%]).
- the communication processing unit 9 includes a remaining capacity (SOC [%]) detected by the remaining capacity correction circuit 8, a full charge capacity (Ahf) detected by the full charge capacity detection unit 7, and a remaining capacity detected by the remaining capacity detection unit 6.
- the battery information such as the capacity (SOC [%]), the battery voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 3, the current value detected by the current detection unit 2, the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 4 and the like is supplied via the communication line 13. Is transmitted to the device equipped with.
- the power supply device can also determine the degree of deterioration of the battery 1 based on the calculated full charge capacity (Ahf).
- This power supply apparatus determines the degree of deterioration of the battery 1 based on how much the calculated full charge capacity (Ahf) has decreased with respect to the rated capacity (Ahs) of the battery.
- This power supply device stores a function and a table for detecting the degree of deterioration of the battery from the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery and the ratio (Ahf / Ahs) to the rated capacity, and based on the stored function and table. Detects the degree of battery deterioration.
- the above power supply apparatus detects the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery in the following steps. [Capacity change detection process]
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) of the battery 1 from the integrated value of the charge current and discharge current of the battery 1 to be charged / discharged between the first detection timing and the second detection timing. Calculate.
- the full charge capacity detector 7 detects the first capacity (Ah 1 ) of the battery detected by the capacity calculator 5 at the first detection timing and the second capacity of the battery detected at the second detection timing.
- the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) is calculated from the difference from (Ah 2 ), or the capacity calculation unit 5 calculates the integrated value of the current charged / discharged between the first detection timing and the second detection timing.
- the capacitance change value ( ⁇ Ah) to be detected is detected.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 detects the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) of the battery 1 at the first detection timing and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) of the battery 1 at the second detection timing.
- the remaining capacity detector 6 detects the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) at the timing when the charge / discharge current of the battery 1 becomes 0, or calculates the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) from the charge / discharge current and detects it. [Remaining capacity judgment process]
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 determines the first remaining capacity (SOC 1 [%]) of the battery 1 from the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) detected in the open circuit voltage detection step, and performs the second open circuit.
- the second remaining capacity (SOC 2 [%]) of the battery 1 is determined from the voltage (V OCV2 ).
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 from the open circuit voltage (V OCV ) based on a function or table stored in the memory 11. [Remaining capacity change value calculation process]
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 determines the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC) from the difference between the first remaining capacity (SOC 1 [%]) and the second remaining capacity (SOC 2 [%]) determined in the remaining capacity determination step. [%]). [Full charge capacity calculation process]
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 sets the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) from the first detection timing to the second detection timing to be larger than the set value or sets the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]). It is determined whether or not the voltage difference between the first open-circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) and the second open-circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) is greater than the set value, and the capacitance change value ( ⁇ Ah), The capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) detected in the capacity change detection step only when the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) and one or more of the voltage differences are larger than the set value, From the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) calculated in the remaining capacity change value calculation step, the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 is calculated by the following formula.
- Ahf ⁇ Ah / ( ⁇ SOC [%] / 100)
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 includes a capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) from the first detection timing to the second detection timing, a remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), and a first open-circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) and the second open-circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) are all less than the set value, the battery temperature is detected, and the deterioration degree [%] of the battery 1 is calculated from the detected battery temperature, The full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 is calculated from the calculated deterioration degree [%] of the battery 1. The battery temperature is detected by the temperature detector 4.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 stores a temperature coefficient for converting the battery temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 4 into the degree of deterioration of the battery 1, and the degree of deterioration [%] of the battery 1 is calculated based on the temperature coefficient. Calculate.
- the deterioration of the battery 1 proceeds as the battery temperature increases. Therefore, the temperature coefficient converted from the battery temperature to the deterioration degree of the battery 1 is a negative coefficient, and is specified such that the absolute value increases as the battery 1 is charged and discharged at a high temperature.
- This temperature coefficient is stored in a memory or the like as a function or a table, for example.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the battery temperature (for example, the maximum battery temperature) for every predetermined time (for example, 1 second) of the battery 1, the temperature coefficient converted from the detected battery temperature, and the battery 1 A deterioration coefficient which is a product of time corresponding to the temperature is calculated, and this deterioration coefficient is added from the first detection timing to the second detection timing to calculate an addition deterioration coefficient.
- the time from the first detection timing to the second detection timing to which the deterioration coefficient is added can be a predetermined time with an interval of, for example, a maximum of 4 hours.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the initial full charge capacity (Ahf0) of the battery 1, the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) detected earlier, that is, the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2). From the added deterioration coefficient, the deterioration degree [%] of the battery 1 is calculated by the following equation.
- Deterioration degree [%] [ ⁇ (previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) / initial full charge capacity (Ahf0)) ⁇ 100 ⁇ 2 + additional deterioration coefficient] 1/2
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [%] calculated from the battery temperature, the initial full charge capacity (Ahf0), and the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) which is the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2). From the above, the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 is calculated by the following equation.
- Full charge capacity (Ahf2) previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) ⁇ a + initial full charge capacity (Ahf0) ⁇ degradation amount [%] / 100 ⁇ (1-a)
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the second capacity (Ah 2 ) of the battery 1 at the second detection timing.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ), and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ). It is determined whether or not at least one of the voltage differences is larger than a preset set value.
- the full charge capacity detector 7 calculates the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 from the calculated capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) by the following formula.
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the degree of deterioration [%] of the battery 1 based on the battery temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 4.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates a deterioration coefficient that is the product of the temperature coefficient specified from the battery temperature and the time that the battery 1 has been at that temperature, and calculates the deterioration coefficient from the first detection timing.
- the addition deterioration coefficient is calculated by adding up to 2 detection timings.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [% of the battery 1 from the initial full charge capacity (Ahf 0 ) of the battery, the previous full charge capacity (Ahf 1 ), and the addition deterioration coefficient by the following formula. ] Is calculated.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [%] calculated from the battery temperature, the initial full charge capacity (Ahf0), and the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) which is the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2).
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 is calculated by the following equation.
- Full charge capacity (Ahf2) previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) ⁇ a + initial full charge capacity (Ahf0) ⁇ degradation amount [%] / 100 ⁇ (1-a)
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 is calculated from both the calculated remaining capacity (SOC [%]) and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) detected from the battery voltage by the remaining capacity detector 6. . Thereby, a more accurate remaining capacity (SOC [%]) can be calculated.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the second capacity (Ah 2 ) of the battery 1 at the second detection timing.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ), and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ). It is determined whether or not at least one of the voltage differences is larger than a preset set value.
- the full charge capacity detector 7 calculates the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 from the calculated capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) by the following formula.
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 Based on the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 detected by the full charge capacity detector 7, the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 uses the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the degree of deterioration [%] of the battery 1 based on the battery temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 4.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates a deterioration coefficient that is the product of the temperature coefficient specified from the battery temperature and the time that the battery 1 has been at that temperature, and calculates the deterioration coefficient from the first detection timing.
- the addition deterioration coefficient is calculated by adding up to 2 detection timings.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [% of the battery 1 from the initial full charge capacity (Ahf 0 ) of the battery, the previous full charge capacity (Ahf 1 ), and the addition deterioration coefficient by the following formula. ] Is calculated.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [%] calculated from the battery temperature, the initial full charge capacity (Ahf0), and the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) which is the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2).
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 is calculated by the following equation.
- Full charge capacity (Ahf2) previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) ⁇ a + initial full charge capacity (Ahf0) ⁇ degradation amount [%] / 100 ⁇ (1-a)
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 is calculated from both the calculated remaining capacity (SOC [%]) and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) detected from the battery voltage by the remaining capacity detector 6. . Thereby, a more accurate remaining capacity (SOC [%]) can be calculated.
- a state in which no current flows in the battery 1 is detected, and the remaining capacity detection unit 6 detects the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ) of the battery 1 using this timing as the first detection timing.
- the state where no current flows through the battery 1 is a state where, for example, the solar battery does not charge the battery and the battery is not discharged.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the first capacity (Ah 1 ) of the battery 1 at the first detection timing.
- the remaining capacity detection unit 6 detects the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ) of the battery 1 using this timing as the second detection timing.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the second capacity (Ah 2 ) of the battery 1 at the second detection timing.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 detects the capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah), the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]), the first open circuit voltage (V OCV1 ), and the second open circuit voltage (V OCV2 ). It is determined whether or not at least one of the voltage differences is larger than a preset set value.
- the full charge capacity detector 7 calculates the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 from the calculated capacity change value ( ⁇ Ah) and the remaining capacity change value ( ⁇ SOC [%]) by the following formula.
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the degree of deterioration [%] of the battery 1 based on the battery temperature detected by the temperature detection unit 4.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates a deterioration coefficient that is the product of the temperature coefficient specified from the battery temperature and the time that the battery 1 has been at that temperature, and calculates the deterioration coefficient from the first detection timing.
- the addition deterioration coefficient is calculated by adding up to 2 detection timings.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [% of the battery 1 from the initial full charge capacity (Ahf 0 ) of the battery, the previous full charge capacity (Ahf 1 ), and the addition deterioration coefficient by the following formula. ] Is calculated.
- the full charge capacity detection unit 7 calculates the deterioration degree [%] calculated from the battery temperature, the initial full charge capacity (Ahf0), and the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) which is the previous full charge capacity (Ahf2).
- the full charge capacity (Ahf) of the battery 1 is calculated by the following equation.
- Full charge capacity (Ahf2) previous full charge capacity (Ahf2) ⁇ a + initial full charge capacity (Ahf0) ⁇ degradation amount [%] / 100 ⁇ (1-a)
- the remaining capacity correction circuit 8 determines the remaining capacity (SOC [SOC [ %]).
- the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) of the battery 1 is calculated from both the calculated remaining capacity (SOC [%]) and the remaining capacity (SOC [%]) detected from the battery voltage by the remaining capacity detector 6. . Thereby, a more accurate remaining capacity (SOC [%]) can be calculated.
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Abstract
Description
[容量変化検出工程]
[開放電圧検出工程]
[残容量判定工程]
[残容量変化値演算工程]
[満充電容量演算工程]
[n=1のステップ]
[n=2のステップ]
[n=3のステップ]
[n=4のステップ]
[n=5のステップ]
[n=6のステップ]
[n=7のステップ]
[n=8のステップ]
[n=9のステップ]
[n=10のステップ]
[n=11のステップ]
[n=12のステップ]
[n=13のステップ]
[n=14のステップ]
[n=15のステップ]
[n=16のステップ]
[n=1のステップ]
[n=2のステップ]
[n=3のステップ]
[n=4のステップ]
[n=5のステップ]
[n=6のステップ]
[n=7のステップ]
[n=8のステップ]
[n=9のステップ]
[n=10のステップ]
[n=11のステップ]
[n=12のステップ]
[n=13のステップ]
[n=14のステップ]
[n=15のステップ]
[n=16のステップ]
[n=1、2のステップ]
[n=3のステップ]
[n=4のステップ]
[n=5、6のステップ]
[n=7のステップ]
[n=8のステップ]
[n=9のステップ]
[n=10のステップ]
[n=11のステップ]
[n=12のステップ]
[n=14のステップ]
[n=15のステップ]
[n=14のステップ]
[n=15のステップ]
[n=16のステップ]
2…電流検出部
3…電圧検出部
4…温度検出部
5…容量演算部
6…残容量検出部
7…満充電容量検出部
8…残容量補正回路
9…通信処理部
10…電流検出抵抗
11…メモリ
12…イグニッションスイッチ
13…通信回線
Claims (13)
- 所定のタイミングで充放電される電池の充電電流と放電電流の積算値から電池の容量変化値(δAh)を演算する容量変化検出工程と、
容量変化値(δAh)を検出する前後のタイミングにおいて電池の第1の開放電圧(VOCV1)と第2の開放電圧(VOCV2)を検出する開放電圧検出工程と、
この開放電圧検出工程で検出される第1の開放電圧(VOCV1)から電池の第1の残容量(SOC1[%])を判定すると共に、第2の開放電圧(VOCV2)から電池の第2の残容量(SOC2[%])を判定する残容量判定工程と、
この残容量判定工程で判定される第1の残容量(SOC1[%])と第2の残容量(SOC2[%])の差から残容量変化値(δSOC[%])を演算する残容量変化値演算工程と、残容量変化値(δSOC[%])と容量変化値(δAh)から電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する満充電容量演算工程とからなる電池の満充電容量検出方法であって、
前記容量変化値(δAh)と、前記残容量変化値(δSOC[%])と、第1の開放電圧(VOCV1)と第2の開放電圧(VOCV2)との電圧差の少なくとも何れかが、あらかじめ設定している設定値よりも大きな状態において、
前記容量変化値(δAh)と残容量変化値(δSOC[%])から電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する電池の満充電容量検出方法。 - 前記満充電容量演算工程において、下記の式に基づいて電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する請求項1に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
Ahf=δAh/(δSOC[%]/100) - 前記容量変化値(δAh)を設定値に比較して、容量変化値(δAh)が設定値よりも大きい状態において、
前記容量変化値(δAh)と残容量変化値(δSOC[%])から電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する請求項1又は2に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。 - 前記残容量変化値(δSOC[%])を設定値に比較して、残容量変化値(δSOC[%])が設定値よりも大きな状態において、
前記容量変化値(δAh)と残容量変化値(δSOC[%])から電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する請求項1又は2に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。 - 第1の開放電圧(VOCV1)と第2の開放電圧(VOCV2)との電圧差を設定値に比較して、電圧差が設定値よりも大きな状態において、
前記容量変化値(δAh)と残容量変化値(δSOC[%])から電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する請求項1又は2に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。 - 前記残容量変化値(δSOC[%])と容量変化値(δAh)から検出される検出満充電容量(Ahf1)と、先に検出している以前の満充電容量(Ahf2)とから、以下の式で電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する請求項1に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
満充電容量(Ahf)=ウエイト1×検出満充電容量(Ahf1)+ウエイト2×以前の満充電容量(Ahf2)
ただし、ウエイト1+ウエイト2=1とする。 - 前記ウエイト1とウエイト2とを、容量変化値(δAh)で変化させると共に、容量変化値(δAh)が多くなるにしたがって、ウエイト1を大きくする請求項6に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
- 前記ウエイト1とウエイト2とを、残容量変化値(δSOC[%])で変化させると共に、残容量変化値(δSOC[%])が大きくなるにしたがって、ウエイト1を大きくする請求項6に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
- 前記ウエイト1とウエイト2とを、第1の開放電圧(VOCV1)と第2の開放電圧(VOCV2)との電圧差とで変化させると共に、電圧差が大きくなるにしたがって、ウエイト1を大きくする請求項6に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
- 前記ウエイト1とウエイト2とを、容量変化値(δAh)を検出するタイミングで変化させると共に、タイミングが長くなるにしたがって、ウエイト1を大きくする請求項6に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
- 前記容量変化値(δAh)と、前記残容量変化値(δSOC[%])と、第1の開放電圧(VOCV1)と第2の開放電圧(VOCV2)との電圧差の全てが、あらかじめ設定している設定値以下である状態において、
電池温度を検出して、検出される電池温度から電池の劣化度[%]を演算すると共に、この電池の劣化度[%]と、電池の初期満充電容量(Ahf0)と、先に検出している以前の満充電容量(Ahf2)とから、電池の満充電容量(Ahf)を演算する請求項1に記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。 - 前記第1の検出タイミングと前記第2の検出タイミングを、電池に電流が流れないタイミングとする請求項1ないし11のいずれかに記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
- 前記第1の検出タイミングと第2の検出タイミングとが変動する時間間隔である請求項1ないし12のいずれかに記載される電池の満充電容量検出方法。
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