WO2012105127A1 - 測定誤差の補正方法及び電子部品特性測定装置 - Google Patents
測定誤差の補正方法及び電子部品特性測定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012105127A1 WO2012105127A1 PCT/JP2011/078624 JP2011078624W WO2012105127A1 WO 2012105127 A1 WO2012105127 A1 WO 2012105127A1 JP 2011078624 W JP2011078624 W JP 2011078624W WO 2012105127 A1 WO2012105127 A1 WO 2012105127A1
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- electrical characteristics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/28—Measuring attenuation, gain, phase shift or derived characteristics of electric four pole networks, i.e. two-port networks; Measuring transient response
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a measurement error correction method and an electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus, and more specifically, based on a result of measuring electrical characteristics of an electronic component mounted on a test jig, the electronic component is mounted on a reference jig.
- the present invention relates to a measurement error correction method and an electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus that calculate an estimated value of an electric characteristic that would be obtained if measured.
- the first method disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 1 is a scatter matrix (non-synthesizing a scatter matrix for removing a test jig error and a scatter matrix for a reference jig error.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1 describe “relative correction adapter”) for each port.
- the reference jig measurement value is estimated by combining the relative correction adapter with the scattering matrix of the test jig measurement value.
- the relative correction adapter measures at least three 1-port standard samples with both the reference jig and the test jig for each port, and can calculate from the measurement result.
- the second method (analytic relative correction method) disclosed in Patent Document 2 utilizes the fact that the same sample is measured in the reference jig and the test jig, and the measured value and sample true value in the reference jig are used.
- the relational expression between the measurement value in the reference jig and the measurement value in the test jig is derived by removing the value of the sample true value from the relational expression in FIG. Then, using the relational expression, the reference jig measurement value is estimated from the test jig measurement value.
- the unknown number of the relational expression is derived from the values obtained by measuring the standard sample with the reference jig and the test jig. The number of standard samples is determined by the number of unknowns in the relational expression.
- a third method disclosed in Non-Patent Document 3 is a method for deriving a true sample value from a sample measurement value of a vector network analyzer (hereinafter referred to as “VNA”), that is, a VNA calibration method. It is.
- VNA vector network analyzer
- a standard device whose true value is priced by a machine dimension is measured by a measuring device that is not calibrated.
- the error of the measuring instrument is derived from the relationship between the measured value and the standard instrument true value.
- the true value of the sample is estimated by calculating to remove the error from the measured value of the sample.
- the fourth method disclosed in Patent Document 3 is a method of calibrating the VNA by positioning a state in which a specimen having a characteristic in a jig is attached as a transfer standard. This method first calibrates the VNA at the cable end where the jig is attached. Then, a jig is attached and several samples with different characteristics are measured. As a result, since the true value of the value obtained by measuring a certain sample with a jig can be known, a state in which a sample having a certain characteristic is attached to the jig can be used as a transfer standard. As a result, the characteristics of the standard device can be changed by exchanging the jig and the sample designated as the transfer standard device, so that calibration at the end of the cable is possible without detaching the connector in calibration.
- the fifth method disclosed in Patent Document 4 extends the model of the first method of Non-Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 1 described above, and reflects the error model of SOLT correction to the relative correction adapter. It is the method that was made.
- a standard sample that transmits signals between ports is prepared, and depending on where the signal source is located, the relative relationship between the signal source and the port through which the signal is transmitted Directionality etc. can be corrected by changing the correction adapter. This eliminates the need for calibration of the measuring instrument.
- the sixth method disclosed in Patent Document 5 is a relative correction method (leakage error relative correction method) in consideration of a leakage signal generated by a jig.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing error factors when measuring the electrical characteristics of a sample (DUT) 2 using a vector network analyzer (VNA) 10.
- VNA vector network analyzer
- the VNA 10 has a signal source 22 connected to a switch 26 via a variable attenuator 24, and a reference receiver 30 and a reference receiver 30 via directional couplers 28 and 29 for each port switched by the switch 26.
- a test receiver 32 is connected.
- Each port of the DUT 2 is electrically connected to each port of the VNA 20.
- a directional error indicated by a broken-line arrow 70 occurs inside the VNA 10. Further, outside the VNA 20, a source match error indicated by a chain line arrow 90, an isolation error indicated by chain line arrows 92 and 96, and a load match error indicated by chain line arrows 94 and 98 are generated.
- the error generated inside the VNA 10 changes every time the switch 26 is switched. Therefore, the error generated inside the VNA 10 cannot accurately measure the characteristics of the DUT 2 unless a value is defined for each signal source port.
- Non-Patent Document 1 In the first method disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, Non-Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 1, an error model is constructed on the assumption that the difference in error between jigs is corrected. Not done. In order to obtain sufficient correction accuracy, when using the correction adapter type relative correction method, it is necessary to calibrate the VNA when measuring with both the reference jig and the test jig. For this reason, in the production process, a lot of calibration work is performed by removing the connector and cable of the jig, but since manual calibration is difficult, adjustment man-hours increase. In addition, the manual attachment / removal of the connector is repeated, so that the semi-rigid cable is disconnected, the connector is worn, the calibration standard is worn, and the connector is tightened.
- the error factor of the VNA is modeled in the error model of the analytical relative correction method
- the calibration of the VNA is performed when the analytical relative correction method is used. There is no need to do it.
- the method of deriving the relational expression for obtaining the reference jig measurement value from the test jig measurement value described in Patent Document 1 specifically, the true value of the standard sample is the reference jig measurement time and the test jig measurement time.
- the method of eliminating the standard sample true value from the relationship between the standard sample true value and the measured value of both measured values and obtaining the relationship between the test jig measured value and the reference jig measured value Only 2 ports are derived. Therefore, the second method cannot cope with a sample having 3 ports or more. Further, the leakage error defined here is simplified, and not all leakage errors are modeled. Therefore, there is a problem that an error due to simplification occurs.
- Non-Patent Document 3 for a coaxial (waveguide) shaped sample, a standard surface can be produced with high accuracy, so that a calibration surface immediately before the sample can be created.
- a standard device cannot be accurately manufactured for a sample that is not coaxial (waveguide). Therefore, in the measurement of a sample that does not have a coaxial (waveguide) shape using a measurement jig, there is a problem in that the measurement reproducibility cannot be obtained due to variation between the jigs of the measurement jig error factor because calibration cannot be performed at the jig tip.
- the present invention can be expanded to an arbitrary number of ports and can correct the measurement error that can eliminate the need for VNA calibration while obtaining the effect of the relative correction method modeling the inter-port leakage signal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus.
- the present invention provides a measurement error correction method configured as follows.
- the measurement error correction method is based on the result of measuring the electrical characteristics of an arbitrary n port (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) mounted on a test jig on the electronic component.
- a measurement error correction method for calculating an estimated value of an electrical characteristic that would be obtained if it was measured while mounted on a reference jig includes first to fifth steps.
- electrical characteristics of at least three first correction data acquisition samples having different electrical characteristics are measured while mounted on the reference jig.
- An acquired sample, or at least one third correction data acquisition sample that can be regarded as having electrical characteristics equivalent to some of the at least three first correction data acquisition samples and the other first correction data The acquired sample is measured for electrical characteristics while mounted on the test jig.
- the two ports between at least two ports of at least one of the reference jig and the test jig for each signal source port in a measurement system including a measuring instrument for measuring electrical characteristics An electrical characteristic measured in the state where the same electronic component is mounted on the test jig, assuming the presence of a leakage signal that is directly transmitted between the two ports without being transmitted to the electronic component connected to A mathematical expression for associating the measured value with the measured value of the electrical characteristic measured in the state of being mounted on the reference jig is determined from the result measured in the first and second steps.
- the fifth step electrical characteristics of any electronic component are measured while mounted on the test jig.
- the fourth step if the measurement is performed in a state where the electronic component is mounted on the reference jig using the mathematical formula determined in the third step from the result measured in the fourth step. Calculate the electrical characteristics that will be obtained.
- the electrical characteristics including the error of the measuring instrument can be corrected by using the mathematical formula that assumes the presence of the leakage signal for the measuring system including the measuring instrument. Therefore, even if the measuring instrument is not calibrated, the leakage error coefficient between all the ports is modeled, and the measuring system including the measuring instrument and the reference jig, and the measuring instrument and the test jig are measured. Relative correction with the system is possible.
- the mathematical expression determined in the third step is not transmitted to an electronic component connected to the two ports between at least two ports of at least one of the reference jig and the test jig. It is a mathematical expression that assumes the existence of only a part of the leaked signal that is directly transmitted between the two ports.
- the number of leakage error coefficients can be reduced and the work can be simplified.
- the number of correction data acquisition samples can be reduced to shorten the work time of the first and second steps, and the time required for formula determination in the third step can be shortened.
- the number of the first correction data acquisition samples is 2n + 2.
- the number of correction data acquisition samples can be minimized, and the efficiency of measurement work can be improved.
- the present invention provides an electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus configured as follows.
- the electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus determines the electronic component based on the result of measuring the electric characteristics of any n port (n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2) mounted on a test jig for two or more ports of the electronic component. It is an electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus that calculates electrical characteristics that would be obtained if measured in a state mounted on a reference jig.
- the electronic component characteristic measuring apparatus includes: (a) a measurement system including a measuring instrument for measuring electric characteristics, and at least two ports of at least one of the reference jig and the test jig for each signal source port.
- a mathematical expression for associating a measured value of a characteristic with a measured value of an electrical characteristic measured in a state of being mounted on the reference jig, wherein the reference for at least three first correction data acquisition samples having different electrical characteristics A first measurement result obtained by measuring electrical characteristics in a state of being mounted on a jig; the at least three first correction data acquisition samples; and the at least three first correction data.
- At least three second correction data acquisition samples that can be regarded as having the same electrical characteristics as the acquired sample, or parts of the at least three first correction data acquisition samples can be regarded as having the same electrical characteristics.
- a mathematical formula storage means for storing, and (b) an electronic component using the mathematical formula stored in the mathematical formula storage means based on a result of measuring electrical characteristics of the optional electronic component mounted on the test jig.
- an electric characteristic estimating means for calculating an electric characteristic that would be obtained if it was measured while mounted on the reference jig.
- the measurement system including the measuring instrument and the reference jig, the measuring instrument, and the test jig are obtained after modeling the leakage error coefficient between all the ports without performing calibration of the measuring instrument. Relative correction with a measurement system including
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement system when measuring electrical characteristics using a VNA.
- FIG. 2 is a signal flow diagram showing a two-port measurement error model.
- Example 1 FIG. 3 is a signal flow diagram showing a two-port measurement error model.
- Example 1 FIG. 4 is a signal flow diagram showing a two-port measurement error model.
- FIG. 5 is a signal flow diagram showing a two-port measurement error model.
- Example 1 FIG. 6 is a signal flow diagram showing a two-port measurement error model.
- Example 1 FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a measurement error model.
- Example 1 FIG. 8 is a signal flow diagram showing an error when measuring with a reference jig.
- FIG. 9 is a signal flow diagram showing an error when measuring with a test jig.
- Example 1 is a signal flow diagram showing an error when measured with a test jig.
- Example 1 is an explanatory diagram of the measurement system.
- Example 1 is a signal flow diagram showing the basic principle of the relative correction method.
- Example 1 is a signal flow diagram showing the basic principle of the relative correction method. (Example)
- Example 13 is a signal flow diagram showing the basic principle of the relative correction method. (Example)
- the electronic component 2 (for example, a surface acoustic wave filter that is a high-frequency passive electronic component) is mounted on the jig 12 and is measured by the measurement device 10 (for example, VNA). Its electrical properties are measured.
- the coaxial connector 12a of the jig 12 and the measuring device 10 are connected by a coaxial cable 14.
- the terminal 2 a of the electronic component 2 is electrically connected to the measuring device 10.
- the measuring device 10 measures the electrical characteristics of the electronic component 2 by inputting a signal to a certain terminal among the terminals 2 a of the electronic component 2 and detecting an output signal from another terminal.
- the measuring apparatus 10 performs an arithmetic process on the measurement data according to a predetermined program, and calculates the electrical characteristics of the electronic component 2.
- the measuring device 10 reads necessary data such as measured values and parameters used for calculation from an internal memory or a recording medium. Alternatively, it communicates with an external device (for example, a server), reads necessary data, temporarily stores it in the memory, and reads it from the memory as necessary.
- the measuring apparatus 10 includes mathematical formula storage means, electrical characteristic estimation means, and measurement means for measuring electronic components.
- the measuring device 10 can be divided into a plurality of devices. For example, it may be divided into a measurement unit (measurement unit) that performs measurement and a calculation unit (formula storage unit and electrical characteristic estimation unit) that receives input of measurement data and performs electrical characteristic calculation processing, pass / fail determination, and the like. .
- a measurement unit measurement unit
- a calculation unit formula storage unit and electrical characteristic estimation unit
- jig 12 It is difficult to manufacture a plurality of jigs 12 having the same characteristics. For this reason, even if the same electronic component 2 is used, if the jig 12 used for measurement is different, there is a variation in characteristics for each jig, and the measurement results are also different. For example, a measurement result is obtained with a jig (reference jig) used for assuring electric characteristics to a user and a jig (test jig) used for measurement for non-defective product selection in an electronic component manufacturing process. Different. Such a difference in measured values between jigs can be corrected by a relative correction method.
- Step 1 With respect to a predetermined number of correction data acquisition samples, electrical characteristics are measured while mounted on a reference jig.
- Step 2 With respect to a predetermined number of correction data acquisition samples whose electrical characteristics have been measured while mounted on the reference jig, the electrical characteristics are measured while mounted on the test jig.
- Step 3 From the data measured in the state mounted on the reference jig in Step 1 and the data measured in the state mounted on the test jig in Step 2, the same electronic component is mounted on the test jig.
- a mathematical expression that associates the measured value of the electrical characteristic with the measured value of the electrical characteristic measured in a state of being mounted on the reference jig is determined.
- Step 4 The electrical characteristics of any electronic component are measured while mounted on a test jig.
- Step 5 Using the mathematical formula determined in Step 3, for the electronic component whose electrical characteristics were measured in Step 4, the electrical characteristics that would be obtained if measured in a state mounted on a reference jig are calculated.
- FIG. 12A is a signal flow diagram of a reference jig on which a 2-port electronic component (hereinafter referred to as “sample DUT”) is mounted.
- the characteristics of the sample DUT are represented by a scattering matrix (S DUT ).
- Error characteristics between the coaxial connector and the port of the sample DUT in the reference jig are represented by scattering matrices (E D1 ) and (E D2 ).
- reference jig measured values S 11D and S 21D in a state where the sample DUT is mounted on the reference jig are obtained.
- FIG. 12B is a signal flow diagram of the test jig on which the sample DUT is mounted.
- the characteristics of the sample DUT are represented by a scattering matrix (S DUT ).
- Error characteristics between the coaxial connector in the test jig and the port of the sample DUT are represented by scattering matrices (E T1 ) and (E T2 ).
- Test jig measured values S 11T and S 21T in a state where the sample DUT is mounted on the test jig are obtained.
- FIG. 12C shows adapters (E T1 ) ⁇ 1 and (E T2 ) ⁇ 1 that neutralize the error characteristics (E T1 ) and (E T2 ) on both sides of the signal flow diagram of FIG. Indicates the connected state.
- the adapters (E T1 ) ⁇ 1 and (E T2 ) ⁇ 1 theoretically convert the scattering matrix (E T1 ) and (E T2 ) of the error characteristics into a transmission matrix, obtain the inverse matrix, and then scatter again. It is obtained by converting to a matrix.
- a scattering matrix obtained by combining (E D1 ) and (E T1 ) ⁇ 1 indicated by reference numeral 84 is (CA1)
- (E T2 ) ⁇ 1 and (E D2 ) indicated by reference numeral 86 are If the combined scattering matrix is (CA2), the result is as shown in FIG.
- These scattering matrices (CA1) and (CA2) are so-called “relative correction adapters”, and associate the test jig measurement values S 11T and S 21T with the reference jig measurement values S 11D and S 21D .
- the relative correction adapters (CA1) and (CA2) are determined, the relative correction adapters (CA1), (CA1), (21) are determined from the test jig measurement values S 11T , S 21T in a state where an arbitrary electronic component is mounted on the test jig.
- the reference jig measurement values S 11D and S 21D can be calculated (estimated) using CA2).
- the basic characteristics of the correction data acquisition sample for calculating the relative correction adapter are that the transfer coefficient between each port is sufficiently small, and the reflection coefficient characteristics at the same port and frequency are the same between each correction data acquisition sample. Need to be different. Since the reflection coefficient is used, it is easy to satisfy the basic characteristics of the correction data acquisition sample described above by forming the open circuit, the short circuit, and the termination. Moreover, it is preferable that the external shape of the correction data acquisition sample is an external shape that can be attached to a jig in the same manner as the correction target sample.
- Opening, short-circuiting, and termination between each port can be realized by connecting the signal line of the package and the ground with a lead wire, a chip resistor, or the like in the same package as the sample to be measured. .
- a chip resistor or the like in the same package as the sample to be measured.
- a correction data acquisition sample is manufactured using a manufacturing process of a sample (electronic component) to be measured.
- the correction data acquisition sample may be manufactured using any one of a manufacturing line for manufacturing an electronic component as a product, a manufacturing line for experimentally manufacturing a prototype of the electronic component, or a compromise of both.
- correction data acquisition sample to be mounted on the reference jig and the correction data acquisition sample to be mounted on the test jig are not necessarily the same because, in principle, the same electrical characteristics are sufficient. Also good.
- a plurality of correction data acquisition samples that can be regarded as having the same electrical characteristics are prepared, and a separate correction data acquisition sample arbitrarily selected from the prepared correction data acquisition samples is used as a reference.
- the relative correction adapter can be derived even if it is mounted on a jig and a test jig and measured.
- FIG. 2 and 3 are signal flow diagrams of an error model used in the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where Port1 is a signal source port.
- FIG. 2 shows a case where Port 2 is a signal source port.
- the error model used in the present invention includes an inter-port leakage error and an error generated inside the VNA (VNA error).
- VNA error an error generated inside the VNA (VNA error).
- a portion 40 corresponding to the state mounted on the reference measurement jig is connected to a portion 52 corresponding to the relative correction adapter to a portion 50 corresponding to the state mounted on the test measurement jig.
- S D Value of specimen sample (hereinafter referred to as DUT)
- S T Measurement value of DUT affected by error parameter e 1 ij : VNA error parameter when Port 1 is a signal source e 2 ij : When Port 2 is a signal source VNA error parameter a i : input signal of each measurement system b i : output signal of each measurement system
- reference fixture measurement values S D in FIG. 3 when the test fixture measurement value measured by the VNA calibration of S T is not carried out, including the error parameters of the VNA test fixture measurement system It can be considered as a model of the leakage error relative correction method disclosed in Patent Document 5.
- e1 ij and e2 ij are obtained by obtaining an inverse matrix of the T parameter of the relative correction adapter and converting it into an S parameter.
- FIG. 4 shows a signal flow diagram of an error model of the leakage error relative correction method (hereinafter, conventional method) disclosed in Patent Document 5.
- E1 ij in FIG. 4 is obtained by obtaining an inverse matrix of the T parameter of the relative correction adapter and converting it into an S parameter as in FIGS.
- the error model of the leakage error relative correction method (hereinafter referred to as the conventional method) disclosed in Patent Document 5 includes the inter-port leakage error, but does not include the VNA error. Therefore, the same correction coefficient is used even if the signal source port is different. Since the error model of the present invention includes the error of the VNA, it is necessary to define a correction coefficient for each different signal source port.
- Table 1 shows the results of comparing the number of relative correction parameters of the present invention and the conventional method with respect to the number of measurement ports.
- the present invention can be considered as a correction model including the error parameter of the VNA of the test jig measurement system when the inter-port leak signal is not taken into account by setting the inter-port leak signal parameter to 0.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show signal flow diagrams of an error model when isolation between ports is secured in the reference jig and the test jig.
- FIG. 5 shows a case where Port1 is a signal source port.
- FIG. 6 shows a case where Port 2 is a signal source port.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 show a case where all the inter-port leakage signals indicated by broken lines in FIGS. 2 and 3 are 0.
- the parameter of the inter-port leakage signal related to the leakage signal may be set to zero.
- FIG. 7 shows a relative correction model of the present invention when the signal source port of the test jig measurement system is Port 1 in the k port measurement system.
- S D S parameter of the reference jig measurement value
- S T S parameter of the test jig measurement value
- T CA — 1 T parameter a of the relative correction adapter of the present invention when the signal source port of the test jig measurement system is Port 1 i : Input signal of each measurement system b i : Output signal of each measurement system k: Number of ports of measurement system M: 2 ⁇ k
- the S parameter (S T ) of the portion 50a corresponding to the state mounted on the test measurement jig is represented by a k ⁇ k determinant.
- the T parameter (T CA — 1 ) of the portion 52a corresponding to the relative correction adapter is represented by an M ⁇ M determinant.
- the S parameter (S D ) of the portion 40a corresponding to the state mounted on the reference measurement jig is represented by a k ⁇ k determinant.
- Equation 1 since there is no input signal other than Port1 which is the signal source port of the test jig measurement system, the input signals of the test jig measurement system other than ak + 1 are zero.
- Equation 2 even if the values of columns other than k + j are arbitrary values x with respect to the columns after the (k + 1) th column in TCA_j , the determinant is not affected. Therefore as with T CA_1, the parameters of T CA_j became arbitrary value x may not be derived.
- TCA_j which made the port the signal source is derived
- T CA — j for all the ports is the relative correction adapter of the present invention.
- the relative correction adapter T CA — j when the signal source port of the test jig measurement system is the port j can be derived using the calculation formula of the relative correction adapter in the conventional method.
- Formulas 3 to 8 show calculation formulas of the conventional method.
- the contents of the symbol in Equation 3 are as follows.
- t CA — (4 * k2-1) ⁇ 1 ′ matrix in which T CA is expanded into columns and normalized using one parameter of an arbitrary T CA (see Equations 5 and 6)
- C (4 * k * Nstd) ⁇ (4 * k2-1) Refer to Formula 4 to Formula 7 v (2 * k * Nstd) ⁇ 1 : Refer to Formula 8 here, Is the Kronecker product.
- the contents of Equation 4 are as follows.
- S i_T Test jig measurement value of i-th standard sample
- C (2 * k * Nstd) ⁇ (4 * k2-1) when the signal source is port j is assumed to be C j_ (2 * k * Nstd) ⁇ (4 * k2-1) .
- the value of S i_T is 0 except for the measured value measured when the signal source is port j. That is, it is set to 0 except for the jth column of the S parameter matrix of S i_T .
- (3) By performing the processing of (1) and (2 ) , all 0 rows appear in C j — (2 * k * Nstd) ⁇ (2 * k2 + 2 * k ⁇ 1) . Although it is possible to calculate with this as it is, it is desirable to delete the column in order to reduce the calculation amount. As a result, C j — (2 * Nstd) ⁇ (2 * k2 + 2 * k ⁇ 1) .
- Equation 3 becomes Equation 9.
- Equation 9 is solved for the case where all ports are signal source ports. All the t CA — j — (2 * k2 + 2 * k ⁇ 1) ′ are the relative correction adapter of the present invention, and are used to perform the relative correction calculation of the present invention. As a calculation method for solving Equation 9, the least square method is used as in the conventional method.
- Equation 10 the minimum number of standard samples required to solve Equation 9 is, for example, 6 for the 2-port measurement system, 8 for the 3-port measurement system, and 10 for the 4-port measurement system.
- T CA — j ′ is divided into four as shown in Equation 11.
- the number of matrices of each divided matrix is a k ⁇ k matrix, where k is the number of ports.
- Formula 2 is expressed by Formula 13 and Formula 14 using Formula 11.
- Equation 15 is the basic formula of the correction formula of the present invention. As will be apparent from the description so far, the value of S T substituting in Equation 15, and 0 or 1 and a position differs by the number of ports to be the signal source.
- Expression 15 is expressed by Expression 16 for easy understanding.
- V and W are k ⁇ 1 matrices.
- a relative adapter is determined using an error model that assumes the presence of a leakage signal for a measurement system including a VNA, and the correction value is calculated using the relative adapter to correct the measurement value including the VNA error.
- Equations 3 to 8 and Equations 11 to 18 are as follows.
- the formula number with “'” corresponds to the formula number in the example of an arbitrary k port.
- the simulation procedure is as follows. (1) Determine the error of the reference jig and test jig. (2) TCA_j of the relative correction adapter is calculated from (1). (3) Determine the values of the six standard samples. (4) Calculate six standard sample measured values in the reference jig and the test jig. (5) Deriving the relative correction adapter of the present invention. (6) Check if the result of (5) matches the result of (2).
- FIG. 8, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 show the error of the reference jig and the test jig that were simulated using a signal flow graph.
- the measurement in the state mounted on the reference jig and the measurement in the state mounted on the test jig may use the same measuring instrument or different measuring instruments.
- the same electronic component is determined based on the electrical characteristics measured by the first measuring instrument using the reference jig and the electrical characteristics measured by the second measuring instrument using the test jig.
- a mathematical formula is determined that associates the electrical characteristics measured with the first measuring instrument using the jig with the electrical characteristics measured with the second measuring instrument using the test jig.
- Using the determined mathematical formula if an electronic component is measured with the first measuring instrument using the reference jig from the electrical characteristics measured with the second measuring instrument in a state where it is mounted on the test jig Estimate the electrical properties obtained.
- Test receiver 40 Portion corresponding to the state mounted on the reference jig 50 Portion corresponding to the state mounted on the test fixture 52 Portion corresponding to the relative correction adapter
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Abstract
Description
(ステップ1) 所定の個数の補正データ取得用試料について、基準治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定する。
(ステップ2) 基準治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定した所定の個数の補正データ取得用試料について、試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定する。
(ステップ3) ステップ1において基準治具に実装した状態で測定したデータと、ステップ2において試験治具に実装した状態で測定したデータとから、同一の電子部品について試験治具に実装した状態で測定した電気特性の測定値と基準治具に実装した状態で測定した電気特性の測定値とを関連付ける数式を、決定する。
(ステップ4) 任意の電子部品について、試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定する。
(ステップ5) ステップ3で決定した数式を用いて、ステップ4で電気特性を測定した電子部品について、基準治具に実装した状態で測定したならば得られるであろう電気特性を算出する。
SD :被検体試料(以下、DUT)の値
ST :誤差パラメータの影響を受けたDUTの測定値
e1ij :Port1が信号源の場合のVNA誤差パラメータ
e2ij :Port2が信号源の場合のVNA誤差パラメータ
ai :各測定系の入力信号
bi :各測定系の出力信号
SD :基準治具測定値のSパラメータ
ST :試験治具測定値のSパラメータ
TCA_1 :試験治具測定系の信号源ポートがPort1の場合における、本発明の相対補正アダプタのTパラメータ
ai :各測定系の入力信号
bi :各測定系の出力信号
k :測定系のポート数
M :2×k
tCA_(4*k2-1)×1' :TCAを列展開し、任意のTCAのパラメータ1つを用い規格化した行列(数式5、数式6参照)
C(4*k*Nstd)×(4*k2-1) :数式4~数式7参照
v(2*k*Nstd)×1 :数式8参照
数式4の記号の内容は以下の通り。
Si_T :i番目の標準試料の試験治具測定値
Si_D :i番目の標準試料の基準治具測定値
tCA :TCAを列展開した行列(数式5参照)
Ik :k×kの単位行列
(1) tCA_j'において、任意の値となる部分と掛けられるCj_(2*k*Nstd)×(4*k2-1)の列を全て削除する。これにより、列数が減り、Cj_(2*k*Nstd)×(2*k2+2*k-1)となる。
(2) Si_Tの値は信号源がポートjの時に測定される測定値以外は0とする。つまり、Si_TのSパラメータ行列のj列目以外は0とする。
(3) (1)、(2)の処理を行うことによって、Cj_(2*k*Nstd)×(2*k2+2*k-1)において全て0の行が出てくる。このままでも計算は可能であるが、計算量を減らすためにその列は削除することが望ましい。それによりCj_(2*Nstd)×(2*k2+2*k-1)となる。
(1) 基準治具、及び試験治具の誤差を決定する。
(2) (1)から相対補正アダプタのTCA_jを算出する。
(3) 6つの標準試料の値を決定する。
(4) 基準治具、及び試験治具における、6つの標準試料測定値を計算する。
(5) 本発明の相対補正アダプタを導出する。
(6) (5)の結果が(2)の結果と一致するか確認する。
10 VNA
22 信号源
26 スイッチ
30 リファレンス・レシーバ
32 テスト・レシーバ
40 基準治具に実装した状態に相当する部分
50 試験治具に実装した状態に相当する部分
52 相対補正アダプタに相当する部分
Claims (4)
- 電子部品の2ポート以上の任意のnポート(nは2以上の正の整数)について、試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定した結果から、当該電子部品を基準治具に実装した状態で測定したならば得られるであろう電気特性の推定値を算出する、測定誤差の補正方法であって、
互いに異なる電気特性を有する少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料について、前記基準治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定する第1のステップと、
前記少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料、前記少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料と同等の電気特性を有するとみなせる少なくとも3個の第2の補正データ取得試料、又は前記少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料のうちの一部と同等の電気特性を有するとみなせる少なくとも1個の第3の補正データ取得試料及びその他の前記第1の補正データ取得試料について、前記試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定する第2のステップと、
電気特性を測定するための測定器を含む測定系について信号源ポートごとに前記基準治具と前記試験治具との少なくとも一方の少なくとも2つのポート間において当該2つのポートに接続された電子部品に伝達されずに当該2つのポート間を直接伝達する漏洩信号の存在を想定した数式であって、同一の電子部品について前記試験治具に実装した状態で測定した電気特性の測定値と前記基準治具に実装した状態で測定した電気特性の測定値とを関連付ける数式を、前記第1及び第2のステップで測定した結果から決定する第3のステップと、
任意の電子部品について、前記試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定する第4のステップと、
前記第4のステップで測定した結果から、前記第3のステップで決定した前記数式を用いて、当該電子部品について前記基準治具に実装した状態で測定したならば得られるであろう電気特性を算出する第5のステップと、
を備えたことを特徴とする、測定誤差の補正方法。 - 前記第3のステップで決定する前記数式は、前記基準治具と前記試験治具との少なくとも一方の少なくとも2つのポート間において当該2つのポートに接続された電子部品に伝達されずに当該2つのポート間を直接伝達する漏洩信号のうちの一部のみの存在を想定した数式であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の測定誤差の補正方法。
- 前記第1の補正データ取得試料の個数が、2n+2個であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の測定誤差の補正方法。
- 電子部品の2ポート以上の任意のnポート(nは2以上の正の整数)について、試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定した結果から、当該電子部品を基準治具に実装した状態で測定したならば得られるであろう電気特性を算出する、電子部品特性測定装置であって、
電気特性を測定するための測定器を含む測定系について信号源ポートごとに前記基準治具と前記試験治具との少なくとも一方の少なくとも2つのポート間において当該2つのポートに接続された電子部品に伝達されずに当該2つのポート間を直接伝達する漏洩信号の存在を想定した上で、同一の電子部品について前記試験治具に実装した状態で測定した電気特性の測定値と前記基準治具に実装した状態で測定した電気特性の測定値とを関連付ける数式であって、互いに異なる電気特性を有する少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料について、前記基準治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定した第1の測定結果と、前記少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料、前記少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料と同等の電気特性を有するとみなせる少なくとも3個の第2の補正データ取得試料、又は前記少なくとも3個の第1の補正データ取得試料のうちの一部と同等の電気特性を有するとみなせる少なくとも1個の第3の補正データ取得試料及びその他の前記第1の補正データ取得試料について、前記試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定した第2の測定結果とから決定された数式を記憶する数式記憶手段と、
任意の電子部品について、前記試験治具に実装した状態で電気特性を測定した結果から、前記数式記憶手段に記憶された前記数式を用いて、当該電子部品について前記基準治具に実装した状態で測定したならば得られるであろう電気特性を算出する、電気特性推定手段と、
を備えたことを特徴とする、電子部品特性測定装置。
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US10725138B2 (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2020-07-28 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Scattering parameter calibration to a semiconductor layer |
US11184091B2 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2021-11-23 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Signal generation device, spectrum analyzing device and corresponding methods with correction parameter |
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