WO2012147390A1 - 有機発光素子、有機発光素子の製造方法、表示装置および照明装置 - Google Patents
有機発光素子、有機発光素子の製造方法、表示装置および照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012147390A1 WO2012147390A1 PCT/JP2012/053486 JP2012053486W WO2012147390A1 WO 2012147390 A1 WO2012147390 A1 WO 2012147390A1 JP 2012053486 W JP2012053486 W JP 2012053486W WO 2012147390 A1 WO2012147390 A1 WO 2012147390A1
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- layer
- light emitting
- dielectric layer
- organic light
- recess
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K59/879—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
- H10K50/813—Anodes characterised by their shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/17—Passive-matrix OLED displays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
- H10K59/80515—Anodes characterised by their shape
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
Definitions
- the present invention reduces the number of recesses through which current flows by forming recesses penetrating the dielectric layer and recesses not penetrating the dielectric layer in the dielectric layer formed on the electrode.
- the present inventors have found that the luminous efficiency of the organic light emitting device is improved and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is summarized below.
- the organic light-emitting device of the present invention includes a first electrode formed on a substrate, a dielectric layer formed on the first electrode, and a plurality of first recesses formed through at least the dielectric layer, A plurality of second recesses formed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer without penetrating the dielectric layer, and a light emitting layer formed to cover at least the upper surface of the dielectric layer, the inner surface of the first recess, and the inner surface of the second recess And a second electrode formed on the organic compound layer.
- the lighting device of the present invention includes the above organic light emitting element.
- the anode layer 12 applies a voltage between the cathode layer 15 and injects holes from the anode layer 12 into the organic compound layer 14. It is preferable that the anode layer 12 is formed in a planar shape along the surface of the substrate 11 and the upper surface is a smooth surface that contains as little unevenness as possible.
- the material used for the anode layer 12 needs to have electrical conductivity. Specifically, it has a high work function, and the work function is preferably 4.5 eV or more. In addition, it is preferable that the electrical resistance does not change significantly with respect to the alkaline aqueous solution.
- Metal oxides, metals, and alloys can be used as materials that satisfy these conditions.
- the metal oxide include ITO (indium tin oxide) and IZO (indium-zinc oxide).
- examples of the metal include copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), niobium (Nb), and the like.
- An alloy such as stainless steel containing these metals can also be used.
- the anode layer 12 can be formed with a thickness of 2 nm to 2 ⁇ m, for example.
- the work function can be measured by, for example, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy.
- the dielectric layer 13 is for making the light emitted from the organic compound layer 14 refracted so as to be easily incident on the substrate 11. Therefore, it is preferable that the dielectric layer 13 has a refractive index smaller than both the refractive index of the anode layer 12 and the refractive index of the organic compound layer 14. In the present embodiment, the refractive index of the dielectric layer 13 is smaller than the refractive index of the organic compound layer 14. Therefore, the light emitted from the organic compound layer 14 is refracted at an angle closer to the normal direction of the substrate 11 when entering the dielectric layer 13.
- the light reaching the anode layer 12 and the substrate 11 is totally transmitted at the interface between the dielectric layer 13 and the anode layer 12 and at the interface between the anode layer 12 and the substrate 11. Reflection is less likely to occur. Therefore, it becomes easier to enter the anode layer 12 and the substrate 11. That is, by providing the dielectric layer 13, more light emitted from the organic compound layer 14 can be extracted from the substrate 11 side, and the light extraction efficiency is improved.
- metal nitrides such as silicon nitride, boron nitride, and aluminum nitride
- metal oxides such as silicon oxide (silicon dioxide) and aluminum oxide
- sodium fluoride lithium fluoride
- magnesium fluoride magnesium fluoride
- fluoride metal fluorides
- Metal fluorides such as calcium and barium fluoride are listed, but other high molecular compounds such as polyimide, polyvinylidene fluoride, and parylene, and spin-on-glass (SOG) such as poly (phenylsilsesquioxane) It can be used.
- SOG spin-on-glass
- the upper limit of the thickness of the dielectric layer 13 that satisfies this is preferably 750 nm or less, more preferably 400 nm or less, and even more preferably 200 nm or less. Further, the lower limit is preferably 15 nm or more, more preferably 30 nm or more, and further preferably 50 nm or more.
- the organic compound layer 14 includes one layer including a light emitting layer or a layer made of a plurality of stacked organic compounds, and covers at least the upper surface of the dielectric layer 13, the inner surface of the first recess 16, and the inner surface of the second recess 17. It is formed. That is, the organic compound layer 14 is continuously formed over the entire light emitting surface.
- the light emitting layer includes a light emitting material that emits light when a voltage is applied between the anode layer 12 and the cathode layer 15.
- As the light emitting material both low molecular compounds and high molecular compounds can be used. In this embodiment mode, it is preferable to use a phosphorescent organic compound and a metal complex which are light-emitting organic materials as the light-emitting material.
- Some metal complexes exhibit phosphorescence, and such metal complexes are also preferably used.
- cyclometalated complexes include 2-phenylpyridine derivatives, 7,8-benzoquinoline derivatives, 2- (2-thienyl) pyridine derivatives, 2- (1-naphthyl) pyridine derivatives, 2-phenylquinoline derivatives, and the like.
- the complex include Ir, Pd and Pt having a ligand, and an iridium (Ir) complex is particularly preferable.
- the cyclometalated complex may have other ligands in addition to the ligands necessary for forming the cyclometalated complex.
- the cyclometalated complex includes a compound that emits light from triplet excitons, which is preferable from the viewpoint of improving luminous efficiency.
- the light-emitting polymer compound examples include poly-p-phenylene vinylene (PPV) derivatives such as MEH-PPV (Poly [2-methoxy-5- (2-ethylhexyloxy) -1,4-phenylenevinylene]); ⁇ -conjugated high molecular compounds such as derivatives and polythiophene derivatives; polymers obtained by introducing low molecular weight dyes and tetraphenyldiamine or triphenylamine into the main chain or side chain; and the like.
- a light emitting high molecular compound and a light emitting low molecular weight compound can also be used in combination.
- the light emitting layer includes a host material together with the light emitting material, and the light emitting material may be dispersed in the host material.
- a host material preferably has a charge transporting property, and is preferably a hole transporting compound or an electron transporting compound.
- the organic compound layer 14 may include a hole transport layer for receiving holes from the anode layer 12 and transporting them to the light emitting layer.
- the hole transport layer is disposed between the anode layer 12 and the light emitting layer.
- a hole transport material for forming such a hole transport layer a known material can be used, for example, TPD (N, N′-dimethyl-N, N ′-(3-methylphenyl)- ⁇ -NPD (4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl); m-MTDATA (4,4 ′, 1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′diamine); Low molecular weight triphenylamine derivatives such as 4 ′′ -tris (3-methylphenylphenylamino) triphenylamine); polyvinylcarbazole; polymer compounds obtained by introducing a polymerizable substituent into the above triphenylamine derivative, and the like.
- the above hole transport materials may be used singly or in combination of two or more, or different hole transport materials may be laminated and used.
- the thickness of the hole transport layer depends on the conductivity of the hole transport layer and cannot be generally limited, but is preferably 1 nm to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 10 nm to 500 nm. Is desirable.
- a hole injection layer may be provided between the hole transport layer and the anode layer 12 in order to relax the hole injection barrier.
- known materials such as copper phthalocyanine, a mixture of polyethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT) and polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS) (PEDOT: PSS), fluorocarbon, silicon dioxide and the like are used.
- a mixture of the hole transport material used for the hole transport layer and an electron acceptor such as 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorotetracyano-1,4-benzoquinonedimethane (F4TCNQ) can also be used. .
- tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum abbreviation: Alq
- bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazolate] zinc bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazolate] zinc
- 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole More specifically, tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum (abbreviation: Alq), bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazolate] zinc, bis [2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazolate] zinc, And 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole.
- a hole blocking layer is provided between the electron transport layer and the light emitting layer for the purpose of suppressing holes from passing through the light emitting layer and efficiently recombining holes and electrons in the light emitting layer. It may be.
- This hole blocking layer can also be regarded as one of the layers included in the organic compound layer 14.
- a known material such as a triazole derivative, an oxadiazole derivative, or a phenanthroline derivative is used.
- the cathode layer 15 applies a voltage between the anode layer 12 and injects electrons into the organic compound layer 14.
- the cathode layer 15 is formed continuously with the organic compound layer 14 over the entire light emitting surface.
- the material used for the cathode layer 15 is not particularly limited as long as it has electrical conductivity like the anode layer 12, but a material having a low work function and being chemically stable is preferable. .
- materials such as Al, MgAg alloy, Al and alkali metal alloys such as AlLi and AlCa can be exemplified.
- the thickness of the cathode layer 15 is preferably 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 nm to 500 nm.
- the cathode layer 15 may be made of an opaque material. If light is to be extracted not only from the substrate 11 side but also from the cathode layer 15 side, the cathode layer 15 must be formed of a transparent material such as ITO.
- a cathode buffer layer may be provided adjacent to the cathode layer 15 in order to lower the electron injection barrier from the cathode layer 15 to the organic compound layer 14 and increase the electron injection efficiency.
- a metal material having a work function lower than that of the cathode layer 15 is preferably used.
- alkali metals Na, K, Rb, Cs
- alkaline earth metals Sr, Ba, Ca, Mg
- rare earth metals Pr, Sm, Eu, Yb
- fluorides or chlorides of these metals A simple substance selected from oxides or a mixture of two or more can be used.
- the thickness of the cathode buffer layer is preferably from 0.05 nm to 50 nm, more preferably from 0.1 nm to 20 nm, and even more preferably from 0.5 nm to 10 nm.
- the dielectric layer 13 is formed without penetrating the dielectric layer 13 on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 13 and the plurality of first recesses 16 formed through the dielectric layer 13.
- a plurality of second recesses 17 are provided.
- the inner surfaces of the first recess 16 and the second recess 17 are respectively covered with the organic compound layer 14, whereby light emitted from the organic compound layer 14 is efficiently extracted from the substrate 11 side and / or the cathode layer 15 side to the outside. be able to. Since the organic compound layer 14 is in contact with the anode layer 12 inside the first recess 16, holes necessary for light emission can be injected from the anode layer 12.
- the hole injection layer which is a layer having high electrical conductivity as described above.
- the shape of the first concave portion 16 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a cylindrical column shape or a polygonal column shape such as a quadrangular column from the viewpoint of easy shape control.
- the in-plane shape of the dielectric layer 13 may change in the thickness direction of the dielectric layer 13, or the size of the shape may change. That is, for example, a cone shape, a pyramid shape, a truncated cone shape, a truncated pyramid shape, and the like may be used.
- the side surface of the first recess 16 is formed perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 11, and the tilt angle of the side surface of the first recess 16 in this case is 90 degrees.
- the inclination angle is not limited to this, and can be changed as appropriate depending on the material used for the dielectric layer, and the efficiency of extracting the light emitted from the organic compound layer 14 to the outside can be increased.
- the inclination angle is preferably 60 ° to 90 °, more preferably 75 ° to 90 °, and further preferably 80 ° to 90 °.
- the size of the first recess 16 on the dielectric layer 13 (the shape in the surface of the dielectric layer 13). It is preferable that the maximum width of (that is, the diameter of the minimum circle including the shape) is 10 ⁇ m or less. From the viewpoint of easy production, the size is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more.
- the arrangement of the first recesses 16 on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 13 may be a regular arrangement such as a square lattice or a hexagonal lattice, or may be an irregular arrangement. About this arrangement
- the shape, size, and arrangement of the second recess 17 are the same as those of the first recess 16.
- the depth of the second concave portion 17 is preferably 10% to 90% of the thickness of the dielectric layer 13, and more preferably 20% to 80%, but the portion where the second concave portion 17 is formed. It is preferable that the thickness of the dielectric layer 13 is a depth within a range that maintains the insulation against the application of the driving voltage described above. It is preferable that 10 3 to 10 8 first recesses 16 and second recesses 17 are formed in 1 mm 2 in an arbitrary plane of the dielectric layer 13.
- the number of the first recesses 16 in contact with the anode layer 12 is more preferably 10 7 or less because defects such as a short circuit are more likely to occur than the second recesses 17.
- a structure is adopted in which a cathode layer 25 as a second electrode for injection and a dielectric layer 23 formed between the anode layer 22 and the cathode layer 25 are laminated.
- the dielectric layer 23 has a plurality of first recesses 26 formed through the dielectric layer 23 and a plurality of second recesses 27 formed without penetrating the dielectric layer 23.
- the organic compound layer 24 is formed so as to cover at least the upper surface of the dielectric layer 23, the inner surface of the first recess 26, and the inner surface of the second recess 27, and includes a light emitting layer that emits light when a voltage is applied.
- the organic compound layer 24 and the cathode layer 25 are continuously formed over the entire light emitting surface.
- the organic light emitting element 20 is the same as the organic light emitting element 10 shown in FIG.
- the first recess 26 is formed so as to penetrate not only the dielectric layer 23 but also the anode layer 22. Therefore, in the organic light emitting element 20, light can be extracted from the substrate 21 side even when the anode layer 22 is formed of an opaque material.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a structure in which the anode layers 12 and 22 and the cathode layers 15 and 25 are interchanged may be used. That is, when the substrates 11 and 21 are on the lower side, the cathode layers 15 and 25 are formed on the lower side, and the anode layers 12 and 22 are formed on the upper side with the dielectric layers 13 and 23 sandwiched therebetween. Good.
- dry methods such as resistance heating vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, sputtering, ion plating, and CVD, spin coating, dip coating, ink jet, and printing are used.
- a wet method such as a method, a spray method, or a dispenser method can be used.
- the process of forming the anode layer 12 can be omitted by using a so-called electrode-attached substrate in which ITO is already formed as the anode layer 12 on the substrate 11.
- FIG. 3B first concave portion forming step
- a second recess 17 is formed on the upper surface of the dielectric layer 13 without penetrating the dielectric layer 13 (FIG. 3C: second recess forming step).
- a method using lithography can be used as a method of forming the first recess 16 and the second recess 17 in the dielectric layer 13, for example.
- a method using lithography can be used.
- a resist solution is applied onto the dielectric layer 13, and the excess resist solution is removed by spin coating or the like to form a resist layer.
- a mask on which a predetermined pattern for forming the first concave portion 16 or the second concave portion 17 is drawn is covered, and exposure is performed by ultraviolet (UV), electron beam (EB), or the like, A predetermined pattern corresponding to the first recess 16 or the second recess 17 is exposed on the resist layer.
- UV ultraviolet
- EB electron beam
- the surface of the dielectric layer 13 is exposed corresponding to the exposed pattern portion.
- the exposed portion of the dielectric layer 13 is etched away using the remaining resist layer as a mask.
- the etching either dry etching or wet etching can be used.
- the shape of the first recess 16 or the second recess 17 can be controlled by combining isotropic etching and anisotropic etching.
- dry etching reactive ion etching (RIE) or inductively coupled plasma etching can be used.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- wet etching a method of immersing in dilute hydrochloric acid or dilute sulfuric acid can be used.
- the first remaining recess 16 or the second recess 17 is formed in the dielectric layer 13 by removing the remaining resist layer with a resist removing solution or the like.
- the first recess 16 and the second recess 17 can be formed in the dielectric layer 13 by performing the above patterning twice. Note that either the first concave portion forming step or the second concave portion forming step may be performed first.
- the formation of the first recess 16 and the second recess 17 can be performed by a nanoimprint method. Specifically, after forming the resist layer, a mask on which a predetermined convex pattern for forming a pattern is drawn is pressed against the surface of the resist layer while applying pressure. In this state, the resist layer is cured by irradiating the resist layer with heat and / or light. Next, the pattern of the 1st recessed part 16 and the 2nd recessed part 17 corresponding to a convex pattern is formed in the resist layer surface by removing a mask. Then, the 1st recessed part 16 and the 2nd recessed part 17 can be formed by performing the etching mentioned above.
- the method similar to formation of the 1st recessed part 16 in the organic light emitting element 10 of FIG. 1 can be used for the method of forming the 1st recessed part 26 in the organic light emitting element 20.
- FIG. For example, it can be formed by further etching the anode layer 22 following the etching of the dielectric layer 23, but the shape of the first recess 26 is changed between the dielectric layer 23 portion and the anode layer 22 portion.
- the distribution of light extracted from the organic light emitting element 20 to the outside can be controlled.
- an organic compound layer 14 including a light emitting layer covering at least the upper surface of the dielectric layer 13, the inner surface of the first recess 16 and the inner surface of the second recess 17 is formed.
- FIG. 3D Organic compound layer forming step.
- the same technique as that used to form the anode layer 12 and the dielectric layer 13 can be used.
- the resistance heating vapor deposition method or the coating method is more preferable for the film formation of each layer included in the organic compound layer 14, and the coating method is particularly preferable for the film formation of the layer containing the polymer organic compound.
- a coating solution in which a material constituting a layer to be formed is dispersed in a predetermined solvent such as an organic solvent or water is applied.
- a predetermined solvent such as an organic solvent or water
- various methods such as spin coating, spray coating, dip coating, ink jet, slit coating, dispenser, and printing can be used.
- a layer to be formed is formed by drying the application solution by heating or evacuating.
- a cathode layer 15 as a second electrode is formed on the organic compound layer 14 (FIG. 3E: second electrode forming step).
- the same technique as that used to form the anode layer 12 and the dielectric layer 13 can be used.
- the organic light emitting device 10 can be manufactured through the above steps. In addition, it is preferable to use the organic light emitting element 10 stably for a long period of time and to attach a protective layer or a protective cover (not shown) for protecting the organic light emitting element 10 from the outside.
- a protective layer polymer compounds, metal oxides, metal fluorides, metal borides, silicon compounds such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide, and the like can be used. And these laminated bodies can also be used.
- a glass plate, a plastic plate whose surface has been subjected to low water permeability treatment, a metal, or the like can be used.
- the organic light-emitting element of the present embodiment is suitably used for a display device as, for example, a matrix or segment pixel. Further, it can be suitably used as a surface emitting light source without forming pixels. Specifically, computers, televisions, mobile terminals, mobile phones, car navigation systems, signs, signboards, video camera viewfinders, display devices, backlights, electrophotography, illumination, resist exposure, readers, interior lighting, light It is suitably used for a surface emitting light source in a communication system or the like.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a display device using the organic light emitting element 10 in the present embodiment.
- the display device 200 shown in FIG. 4 is a so-called passive matrix type display device.
- the display device substrate 202, the anode wiring 204, the anode auxiliary wiring 206, the cathode wiring 208, the insulating film 210, the cathode partition wall 212, and the organic light emitting element 10 are used.
- a sealing plate 216, and a sealing material 218 are used.
- the display device substrate 202 for example, a transparent substrate such as a rectangular glass substrate can be used.
- the thickness of the display device substrate 202 is not particularly limited, but for example, a thickness of 0.1 mm to 1 mm can be used.
- a plurality of anode wirings 204 are formed on the display device substrate 202.
- the anode wirings 204 are arranged in parallel at a constant interval.
- the anode wiring 204 is made of a transparent conductive film, and for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) can be used.
- the thickness of the anode wiring 204 can be set to 100 nm to 150 nm, for example.
- An anode auxiliary wiring 206 is formed on the end of each anode wiring 204.
- the anode auxiliary wiring 206 is electrically connected to the anode wiring 204.
- the anode auxiliary wiring 206 functions as a terminal for connecting to the external wiring on the end portion side of the display device substrate 202, and the anode auxiliary wiring 206 is connected from an external driving circuit (not shown). A current can be supplied to the anode wiring 204 through the wiring.
- the anode auxiliary wiring 206 is made of a metal film having a thickness of 500 nm to 600 nm, for example.
- a plurality of cathode wirings 208 are provided on the organic light emitting element 10.
- the plurality of cathode wirings 208 are arranged so as to be parallel to each other and orthogonal to the anode wiring 204.
- As the cathode wiring 208 Al or an Al alloy can be used.
- the thickness of the cathode wiring 208 is, for example, 100 nm to 150 nm.
- a cathode auxiliary wiring (not shown) is provided at the end of the cathode wiring 208 and is electrically connected to the cathode wiring 208. Therefore, current can flow between the cathode wiring 208 and the cathode auxiliary wiring.
- An insulating film 210 is formed on the display device substrate 202 so as to cover the anode wiring 204.
- the insulating film 210 is provided with a rectangular opening 220 so as to expose a part of the anode wiring 204.
- the plurality of openings 220 are arranged in a matrix on the anode wiring 204.
- the organic light emitting element 10 is provided between the anode wiring 204 and the cathode wiring 208 as described later. That is, each opening 220 is a pixel. Accordingly, a display area is formed corresponding to the opening 220.
- the film thickness of the insulating film 210 can be, for example, 200 nm to 300 nm, and the size of the opening 220 can be, for example, 300 ⁇ m ⁇ 300 ⁇ m.
- the organic light emitting element 10 is formed at a location corresponding to the position of the opening 220 on the anode wiring 204.
- the organic light emitting device 10 is sandwiched between the anode wiring 204 and the cathode wiring 208 in the opening 220. That is, the anode layer 12 of the organic light emitting element 10 is in contact with the anode wiring 204, and the cathode layer 15 is in contact with the cathode wiring 208.
- the thickness of the organic light emitting element 10 can be set to, for example, 150 nm to 200 nm.
- a plurality of cathode partitions 212 are formed on the insulating film 210 along a direction perpendicular to the anode wiring 204.
- the cathode partition 212 plays a role in spatially separating the plurality of cathode wirings 208 so that the wirings of the cathode wirings 208 are not electrically connected to each other. Accordingly, the cathode wiring 208 is disposed between the adjacent cathode partition walls 212.
- a cathode partition with a height of 2 to 3 ⁇ m and a width of 10 ⁇ m can be used.
- the display device substrate 202 is bonded through a sealing plate 216 and a sealing material 218. Thereby, the space in which the organic light emitting element 10 is provided can be sealed, and the organic light emitting element 10 can be prevented from being deteriorated by moisture in the air.
- a sealing plate 216 for example, a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.7 mm to 1.1 mm can be used.
- a current is supplied to the organic light emitting element 10 through the anode auxiliary wiring 206 and the cathode auxiliary wiring (not shown) by a driving device (not shown), the light emitting layer is caused to emit light, and light is emitted. be able to.
- An image can be displayed on the display device 200 by controlling light emission and non-light emission of the organic light emitting element 10 corresponding to the above-described pixel by the control device.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a lighting device including the organic light emitting element 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the lighting device 300 illustrated in FIG. 5 includes the organic light emitting element 10 described above and a terminal 302 that is installed adjacent to the substrate 11 (see FIG. 1) of the organic light emitting element 10 and connected to the anode layer 12 (see FIG. 1).
- a terminal 303 installed adjacent to the substrate 11 (see FIG. 1) and connected to the cathode layer 15 (see FIG. 1) of the organic light emitting device 10, and a terminal 302 and the terminal 303 connected to the organic light emitting device 10
- a lighting circuit 301 for driving is a lighting circuit 301 for driving.
- solution A a light emitting material solution
- a plurality of second recesses 17 were formed on the surface of the SiO 2 layer by removing the resist residue with a resist removing solution.
- the second recesses 17 have a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1 ⁇ m and a height of 25 nm, and are arranged in a hexagonal lattice pattern with a pitch (center distance) of 2 ⁇ m on the entire surface of the SiO 2 layer.
- the above-described second recess 17 is used except that the mask B corresponding to the pattern of the first recess 16 is used for the substrate with ITO having the SiO 2 layer in which the second recess 17 is formed, and the etching time is 8 minutes. Patterning was performed in the same manner as in forming a plurality of first recesses 16 penetrating the SiO 2 layer.
- the first recess 16 has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1 ⁇ m and a height of 50 nm, penetrates to the anode layer 12, and is arranged in a hexagonal lattice pattern with a pitch (center distance) of 4 ⁇ m over the entire surface of the SiO 2 layer. It was. At this time, the mask was arranged so that the center of the circle of the first recess 16 overlaps the center of the circle of the second recess 17. The same applies to the following examples and comparative examples.
- PEDOT poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
- PSS polystyrene sulfonate
- the organic compound layer 14 is formed by applying the solution A on the hole injection layer by the spin coating method (rotation speed: 3000 rpm) and leaving it to dry at 140 ° C. for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- a light emitting layer which is one of the layers to be formed was formed.
- sodium fluoride (4 nm) is formed as a cathode buffer layer, and aluminum (130 nm) is sequentially formed as the cathode layer 15 by a vapor deposition method to thereby form the organic light emitting device 10.
- aluminum 130 nm
- Example 3 The organic light emitting device 20 shown in FIG. 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the hole injection layer was not formed.
- Example 4 The organic light emitting device 10 was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the second recesses 17 were formed in a columnar shape having a diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m and a height of 25 nm and were formed at a pitch of 1 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 The organic light emitting device 10 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first concave portions 16 were formed at a pitch of 8 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 6A shows an example of the arrangement of the first concave portions 16 and 26 and the second concave portions 17 and 27 in the first to third embodiments.
- FIG. 6B shows an example of the arrangement of the first concave portion 16 and the second concave portion 17 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the pitch (P1) of the first recesses 16 (26) is 4 ⁇ m
- the pitch (P2) of the second recesses 17 (27) is 2 ⁇ m.
- (number of second recesses) / (number of first recesses) is 3.
- the pitch (P1) of the first recesses 16 is 4 ⁇ m
- the pitch (P2) of the second recesses 17 is 1 ⁇ m. Further, as can be seen from the portion surrounded by the dotted line, (number of second recesses) / (number of first recesses) is 15.
- Comparative Example 3 An organic light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that the hole injection layer was not formed.
- Comparative Example 4 An organic light emitting device was fabricated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the first recesses 16 were formed at a pitch of 2 ⁇ m.
- Comparative Example 5 An organic light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3 except that the first recesses 16 were formed at a pitch of 2 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 the larger the (number of second recesses) / (number of first recesses), the better the light emission efficiency and the number of defects.
- Example 3 and Example 6 are compared.
- the yield tends to decrease as the number of processes increases, such as processing for extracting light.
- the yield is not necessarily lowered in Examples 1 to 6 in which the step of forming the second recess 17 is added compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
- an organic light-emitting element with favorable light emission efficiency can be obtained without reducing the yield.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2には、発光層の光取り出し面側に屈折率の異なる2種類の媒質からなる2次元回折格子を設置することで、光取り出し効率を向上できることが開示されている。
また第1凹部および第2凹部が、誘電体層の面内において、最大幅が10μm以下の円形形状または多角形形状を有するとともに、誘電体層の任意の面内において、いずれも1mm2中に103~108個形成されていることが好ましく、第1凹部および第2凹部が、誘電体層の任意の1mm四方の面内において、第2凹部の数が第1凹部の数の2倍以上となるよう形成されていることが好ましい。
そこで本実施の形態の有機発光素子では、以下の形態を採ることで、この問題の抑制を図っている。
以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
図1は、本実施の形態が適用される有機発光素子の第1の例を説明した部分断面図である。
図1に示した有機発光素子10は、基板11と、基板11側を下側とした場合に基板11上に形成され正孔を注入するための第1電極としての陽極層12と、電子を注入するための第2電極としての陰極層15と、陽極層12と陰極層15の間に形成される誘電体層13とが積層した構造を採る。誘電体層13は、誘電体層13を貫通して形成される複数の第1凹部16、および誘電体層13を貫通せずに形成される複数の第2凹部17を有する。そして少なくとも誘電体層13の上面、第1凹部16の内面および第2凹部17の内面を覆って形成され、電圧を印加することで発光する発光層を含む有機化合物層14を有する。本実施の形態では、有機化合物層14は、1層からなるため、有機化合物層14が即ち発光層となっている。そして有機化合物層14が発光を行なうことにより有機発光素子10の発光面を形成する。本実施の形態では、陰極層15は、有機化合物層14上に形成され、有機化合物層14および陰極層15は、発光面の全面にわたって、連続的に形成されている。
基板11の厚さは、要求される機械的強度にもよるが、好ましくは、0.1mm~10mm、より好ましくは0.25mm~2mmである。
また、発光性高分子化合物としては、MEH-PPV(Poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene])などのポリ-p-フェニレンビニレン(PPV)誘導体;ポリフルオレン誘導体、ポリチオフェン誘導体等のπ共役系の高分子化合物;低分子色素とテトラフェニルジアミンやトリフェニルアミンを主鎖や側鎖に導入したポリマー;等が挙げられる。発光性高分子化合物と発光性低分子化合物とを併用することもできる。
発光層は発光材料とともにホスト材料を含み、ホスト材料中に発光材料が分散されていることもある。このようなホスト材料は電荷輸送性を有していることが好ましく、正孔輸送性化合物や電子輸送性化合物であることが好ましい。
このような正孔輸送層を形成する正孔輸送材料としては、公知の材料を使用することができ、例えば、TPD(N,N'-ジメチル-N,N'-(3-メチルフェニル)-1,1'-ビフェニル-4,4'ジアミン);α-NPD(4,4'-ビス[N-(1-ナフチル)-N-フェニルアミノ]ビフェニル);m-MTDATA(4、4',4''-トリス(3-メチルフェニルフェニルアミノ)トリフェニルアミン)等の低分子トリフェニルアミン誘導体;ポリビニルカルバゾール;上記トリフェニルアミン誘導体に重合性置換基を導入して重合した高分子化合物などが挙げられる。上記正孔輸送材料は、1種単独でも、2種以上を混合して用いてもよく、異なる正孔輸送材料を積層して用いてもよい。正孔輸送層の厚さは、正孔輸送層の導電性などに依存するため、一概に限定できないが、好ましくは1nm~5μm、より好ましくは5nm~1μm、特に好ましくは10nm~500nmであることが望ましい。
このような電子輸送層に用いることができる材料としては、キノリン誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、ペリレン誘導体、ピリジン誘導体、ピリミジン誘導体、キノキサリン誘導体、ジフェニルキノン誘導体、ニトロ置換フルオレン誘導体などが挙げられる。更に具体的には、トリス(8-キノリノラト)アルミニウム(略称:Alq)、ビス[2-(2-ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾオキサゾラト]亜鉛、ビス[2-(2-ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾチアゾラト]亜鉛、2-(4-ビフェニリル)-5-(4-tert-ブチルフェニル)-1,3,4-オキサジアゾールなどである。
上記正孔ブロック層を形成するために、トリアゾール誘導体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、フェナントロリン誘導体などの公知の材料が用いられる。
陰極層15に使用される材料としては、陽極層12と同様に電気伝導性を有するものであれば、特に限定されるものではないが、仕事関数が低く、かつ化学的に安定なものが好ましい。具体的には、Al、MgAg合金、AlLiやAlCaなどのAlとアルカリ金属の合金等の材料を例示することができる。陰極層15の厚さは10nm~1μmが好ましく、50nm~500nmがより好ましい。本実施の形態の有機発光素子10の場合は、有機化合物層14から発した光を基板11側から取り出す。そのため陰極層15は、不透明材料により形成されていてもよい。なお基板11側からのみならず陰極層15側からも光を取り出したい場合は、陰極層15は、ITO等の透明材料により形成する必要がある。
陰極バッファ層は、陰極層15より仕事関数の低い金属材料などが好適に用いられる。例えば、アルカリ金属(Na、K、Rb、Cs)、アルカリ土類金属(Sr、Ba、Ca、Mg)、希土類金属(Pr、Sm、Eu、Yb)、あるいはこれら金属のフッ化物、塩化物、酸化物から選ばれる単体あるいは2つ以上の混合物を使用することができる。陰極バッファ層の厚さは0.05nm~50nmが好ましく、0.1nm~20nmがより好ましく、0.5nm~10nmがより一層好ましい。
第1凹部16および第2凹部17は、誘電体層13の任意の面内において、1mm2中に103~108個形成されていることが好ましい。内部で陽極層12と接している第1凹部16は、第2凹部17よりもショートなどの不良が起こりやすいため、上記の個数は107個以下であることがより好ましい。
第1凹部16および第2凹部17の数の比は、光取り出し効率がより高く、ショートの起こる確率が低下するという観点から、誘電体層13の任意の1mm四方の面内において、(第2凹部17の数)/(第1凹部16の数)が3以上であることが好ましく、8以上であることがより好ましい。即ち、誘電体層13の任意の1mm四方の面内において、第2凹部17の数が第1凹部16の数の3倍以上となるよう形成されていることがより好ましい。
以上詳述した有機発光素子10では、第1凹部16は、陽極層12にまで達していたが、陽極層12を貫通せずに形成されていた。ただしこれに限られるものではなく、第1凹部16は、陽極層12にまで達するとともに、陽極層12を貫通するように形成されていてもよい。
図2は、本実施の形態が適用される有機発光素子の第2の例を説明した部分断面図である。
図2に示した有機発光素子20は、基板21と、基板21側を下側とした場合に基板21上に形成され正孔を注入するための第1電極としての陽極層22と、電子を注入するための第2電極としての陰極層25と、陽極層22と陰極層25の間に形成される誘電体層23とが積層した構造を採る。誘電体層23は、誘電体層23を貫通して形成される複数の第1凹部26および、誘電体層23を貫通せずに形成される複数の第2凹部27を有する。そして少なくとも誘電体層23の上面、第1凹部26の内面および第2凹部27の内面を覆って形成され、電圧を印加することで発光する発光層を含む有機化合物層24を有する。そして有機化合物層24および陰極層25が、発光面の全面にわたって、連続的に形成されている。以上の構成において有機発光素子20は、図1に示した有機発光素子10と同じである。一方、有機発光素子20では、第1凹部26は誘電体層23のみならず陽極層22をも貫通して形成されている。そのため有機発光素子20では、陽極層22が不透明な材料で形成されている場合であっても、基板21側から光を取り出すことができる。
次に、本実施の形態が適用される有機発光素子の製造方法について、図1で説明を行った有機発光素子10の場合を例に取り説明を行う。
図3(a)~(e)は、本実施の形態が適用される有機発光素子10の製造方法について説明した図である。
まず基板11上に、第1電極である陽極層12と誘電体層13とを順に積層して形成する(図3(a):積層工程)。本実施の形態では、基板11として、ガラス基板を使用した。また陽極層12を形成する材料としてITOを使用し、また誘電体層13を形成する材料として二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)を使用した。
これらの層を基板11上に形成するには、抵抗加熱蒸着法、電子ビーム蒸着法、スパッタリング法、イオンプレーティング法、CVD法などのドライ法、スピンコーティング法、ディップコーティング法、インクジェット法、印刷法、スプレー法、ディスペンサー法などのウェット法を用いることができる。
なお基板11に陽極層12としてITOが既に形成されているいわゆる電極付き基板を用いることで、陽極層12を形成する工程を省略することができる。
更に誘電体層13の上面に誘電体層13を貫通せずに第2凹部17を形成する(図3(c):第2凹部形成工程)。
次に、残存したレジスト層をマスクとして、露出した誘電体層13の部分をエッチング除去する。エッチングとしては、ドライエッチングとウェットエッチングの何れをも使用することができる。またこの際に等方性エッチングと異方性エッチングを組合せることで、第1凹部16または第2凹部17の形状の制御を行うことができる。ドライエッチングとしては、反応性イオンエッチング(RIE:Reactive Ion Etching)や誘導結合プラズマエッチングが利用でき、またウェットエッチングとしては、希塩酸や希硫酸への浸漬を行う方法などが利用できる。最後に残存したレジスト層をレジスト除去液等により除去することで、誘電体層13に第1凹部16または第2凹部17が形成される。上記のパターニングを2回行うことで、誘電体層13に第1凹部16および第2凹部17をそれぞれ形成することができる。なお第1凹部形成工程と第2凹部形成工程は、どちらを先に行なってもよい。
有機化合物層14を形成するには、陽極層12や誘電体層13を形成したのと同様の手法を使用することができる。ただし有機化合物層14に含まれる各層の成膜には、抵抗加熱蒸着法または塗布法がより好ましく、高分子有機化合物を含む層の成膜を行なうには特に塗布法が好ましい。塗布法により成膜を行なう場合は、成膜を行ないたい層を構成する材料を、有機溶媒や水等の所定の溶媒に分散させた塗布溶液を塗布する。塗布を行う際にはスピンコーティング、スプレーコーティング、ディップコーティング法、インクジェット法、スリットコーティング法、ディスペンサー法、印刷等の種々の方法を使用することができる。塗布を行った後は、加熱あるいは真空引きを行うことで塗布溶液を乾燥させることで成膜を行ないたい層が形成される。
陰極層15を形成するには、陽極層12や誘電体層13を形成したのと同様の手法を使用することができる。
なお有機発光素子10を長期安定的に用い、有機発光素子10を外部から保護するための保護層や保護カバー(図示せず)を装着することが好ましい。保護層としては、高分子化合物、金属酸化物、金属フッ化物、金属ホウ化物、窒化ケイ素、酸化ケイ素等のシリコン化合物などを用いることができる。そして、これらの積層体も用いることができる。また、保護カバーとしては、ガラス板、表面に低透水率処理を施したプラスチック板、金属などを用いることができる。この保護カバーは、熱硬化性樹脂や光硬化性樹脂で素子基板と貼り合わせて密閉する方法を採ることが好ましい。またこの際に、スペーサを用いることで所定の空間を維持することができ、有機発光素子10が傷つくのを防止できるため好ましい。そして、この空間に窒素、アルゴン、ヘリウムのような不活性なガスを封入すれば、上側の陰極層15の酸化を防止しやすくなる。特にヘリウムを用いた場合、熱伝導が高いため、電圧印加時に有機発光素子10より発生する熱を効果的に保護カバーに伝えることができるため、好ましい。更に酸化バリウム等の乾燥剤をこの空間内に設置することにより上記一連の製造工程で吸着した水分が有機発光素子10にダメージを与えるのを抑制しやすくなる。
次に、以上詳述した有機発光素子を備える表示装置について説明を行う。
図4は、本実施の形態における有機発光素子10を用いた表示装置の一例を説明した図である。
図4に示した表示装置200は、いわゆるパッシブマトリクス型の表示装置であり、表示装置基板202、陽極配線204、陽極補助配線206、陰極配線208、絶縁膜210、陰極隔壁212、有機発光素子10、封止プレート216、シール材218とを備えている。
次に、本実施の形態の有機発光素子を用いた照明装置について説明を行う。
図5は、本実施の形態における有機発光素子10を備える照明装置の一例を説明した図である。
図5に示した照明装置300は、上述した有機発光素子10と、有機発光素子10の基板11(図1参照)に隣接して設置され陽極層12(図1参照)に接続される端子302と、基板11(図1参照)に隣接して設置され有機発光素子10の陰極層15(図1参照)に接続される端子303と、端子302と端子303とに接続し有機発光素子10を駆動するための点灯回路301とから構成される。
WO2010-16512号公報に記載された方法に従って下記の燐光発光性高分子化合物(A)を合成した。高分子化合物(A)の重量平均分子量は52,000、各繰り返し単位のモル比はk:m:n=6:42:52であった。
有機発光素子として、図1に示した有機発光素子10を、以下の方法により作製した。
まず基板11として石英ガラスからなるガラス基板(25mm角、厚さ1mm)上に、スパッタ装置(キヤノンアネルバ株式会社製E-401s)を用いて、陽極層12としてITO膜を150nm、誘電体層13として二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)層を50nm、順に積層して成膜した。
実施例1の第1凹部16の形成工程におけるドライエッチング処理の後に、以下のドライエッチング処理工程を追加した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、図2に示した有機発光素子20を作製した。
すなわち、実施例1におけるマスクBを用いたドライエッチング処理の後、反応ガスをCl2とSiCl4の混合ガスに変更し、圧力1Pa、出力Bias/ICP=200/100(W)の条件で8分間反応させ、SiO2層およびITO膜を貫通する第1凹部26を形成した。
正孔注入層を形成しなかったこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして図2に示した有機発光素子20を作製した。
第2凹部17を直径0.5μm、高さ25nmの円柱状とし、1μmのピッチで形成したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして有機発光素子10を作製した。
第1凹部16を8μmのピッチで形成したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして有機発光素子10を作製した。
第1凹部26を6μmのピッチで形成したこと以外は実施例3と同様にして有機発光素子20を作製した。
図6(a)によれば、第1凹部16(26)のピッチ(P1)は、4μmとなっており、第2凹部17(27)のピッチ(P2)は、2μmである。また点線内で囲まれた部分を見るとわかるように、(第2凹部の数)/(第1凹部の数)は、3である。同様にして図6(b)によれば、第1凹部16のピッチ(P1)は、4μmとなっており、第2凹部17のピッチ(P2)は、1μmである。また点線内で囲まれた部分を見るとわかるように、(第2凹部の数)/(第1凹部の数)は、15である。
第2凹部17を形成しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機発光素子を作製した。
第2凹部27を形成しなかったこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして有機発光素子を作製した。
正孔注入層を形成しなかったこと以外は、比較例2と同様にして有機発光素子を作製した。
第1凹部16を2μmのピッチで形成したこと以外は、比較例1と同様にして有機発光素子を作製した。
第1凹部16を2μmのピッチで形成したこと以外は、比較例3と同様にして有機発光素子を作製した。
実施例1~5および比較例1~3で作製した有機発光素子に、定電圧電源電流計(ケイスレーインスツルメンツ株式会社製SM2400)を用いて段階的に電圧を印加し、有機発光素子の発光強度を輝度計(株式会社トプコン製BM-9)で計測した。そして、電流密度に対する発光強度の比から発光効率を決定した。また、実施例1~5および比較例1~3の有機発光素子をそれぞれ50個ずつ作製し、ショートにより電圧を印加しても点灯しなかった有機発光素子の数(不良数)によりショートのしにくさを評価した。
結果を以下の表1に示す。発光効率については、示した数値が大きいほど発光効率が良好であることを意味し、不良数については、示した数値が小さいほどショートが生じにくく歩留まりが向上することを意味する。
また実施例1と実施例2を比較した場合、第1凹部16が陽極層12を貫通しない有機発光素子10よりも第1凹部26が陽極層12を貫通する有機発光素子20の方が発光効率は良好であった。さらに実施例2と実施例3を比較した場合、正孔注入層を設けなかった場合より正孔注入層を設けた場合の方が、発光効率および不良数の双方について良好であった。またさらに実施例1、4、5をそれぞれ比較した場合、(第2凹部の数)/(第1凹部の数)が大きいほど発光効率および不良数の双方について良好であった。これは実施例3と実施例6を比較した場合でも同様のことが言える。
光取り出しのための加工など、通常、工程数が増えると歩留まりは低下しやすい。しかし、原因は不明だが、比較例1~5に比べ、第2凹部17の形成工程が追加されている実施例1~6では必ずしも歩留まりが低下していない。このように本実施の形態では、歩留まりを低下させずに発光効率の良好な有機発光素子を得ることもできる。
Claims (8)
- 基板上に形成される第1電極と、
前記第1電極上に形成される誘電体層と、
少なくとも前記誘電体層を貫通して形成される複数の第1凹部と、
前記誘電体層の上面に当該誘電体層を貫通せずに形成される複数の第2凹部と、
少なくとも前記誘電体層の上面、前記第1凹部の内面および第2凹部の内面を覆って形成される発光層を含む有機化合物層と、
前記有機化合物層上に形成される第2電極と、
を含む有機発光素子。 - 前記第1凹部は、前記第1電極にまで達するとともに、当該第1電極を貫通するか、または貫通せずに形成されている請求項1に記載の有機発光素子。
- 前記誘電体層の屈折率が、前記第1電極の屈折率および前記有機化合物層の屈折率のいずれよりも小さい請求項1または2に記載の有機発光素子。
- 前記第1凹部および前記第2凹部が、前記誘電体層の面内において、最大幅が10μm以下の円形形状または多角形形状を有するとともに、
前記誘電体層の任意の面内において、いずれも1mm2中に103~108個形成されている請求項1~3のいずれか1つに記載の有機発光素子。 - 前記第1凹部および前記第2凹部が、前記誘電体層の任意の1mm四方の面内において、当該第2凹部の数が当該第1凹部の数の2倍以上となるよう形成されている請求項1~4のいずれか1つに記載の有機発光素子。
- 基板上に第1電極と誘電体層とを順に積層する積層工程と、
前記誘電体層を貫通する第1凹部を形成する第1凹部形成工程と、
前記誘電体層の上面に当該誘電体層を貫通せずに第2凹部を形成する第2凹部形成工程と、
少なくとも前記誘電体層の上面、前記第1凹部の内面および第2凹部の内面を覆う発光層を含む有機化合物層を形成する有機化合物層形成工程と、
前記有機化合物層上に第2電極を形成する第2電極形成工程と、
を含む有機発光素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の有機発光素子を備える表示装置。
- 請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の有機発光素子を備える照明装置。
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US14/113,940 US20140048793A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-02-15 | Organic light-emitting element, production method for organic light-emitting element, display device, and illumination device |
EP12777834.8A EP2704130A4 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-02-15 | ORGANIC LUMINESCENT ELEMENT, METHOD FOR PRODUCING ORGANIC LUMINESCENT ELEMENT, DISPLAY DEVICE, AND LIGHTING DEVICE |
JP2013511956A JPWO2012147390A1 (ja) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-02-15 | 有機発光素子、有機発光素子の製造方法、表示装置および照明装置 |
CN201280019653.3A CN103493121A (zh) | 2011-04-28 | 2012-02-15 | 有机发光元件、有机发光元件的制造方法、显示装置和照明装置 |
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EP (1) | EP2704130A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2012147390A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103493121A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012147390A1 (ja) |
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US20150044784A1 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-02-12 | Showa Denko K.K. | Manufacturing method for electroluminescent element |
US11581385B2 (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2023-02-14 | Chengdu Boe Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Display substrate having additional pad layer |
CN114843313A (zh) | 2019-03-28 | 2022-08-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 阵列基板、显示面板 |
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- 2012-02-15 CN CN201280019653.3A patent/CN103493121A/zh active Pending
- 2012-02-15 WO PCT/JP2012/053486 patent/WO2012147390A1/ja active Application Filing
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EP2704130A4 (en) | 2014-11-12 |
JPWO2012147390A1 (ja) | 2014-07-28 |
US20140048793A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
EP2704130A1 (en) | 2014-03-05 |
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