WO2012099124A1 - 合わせガラス及び合わせガラスの製造方法 - Google Patents
合わせガラス及び合わせガラスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012099124A1 WO2012099124A1 PCT/JP2012/050863 JP2012050863W WO2012099124A1 WO 2012099124 A1 WO2012099124 A1 WO 2012099124A1 JP 2012050863 W JP2012050863 W JP 2012050863W WO 2012099124 A1 WO2012099124 A1 WO 2012099124A1
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- film
- glass
- refractive index
- laminated glass
- oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
- B32B17/10449—Wavelength selective transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
- B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10614—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising particles for purposes other than dyeing
- B32B17/10633—Infrared radiation absorbing or reflecting agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/212—TiO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminated glass and a method for producing a laminated glass.
- Patent Document 1 has a problem in that the material is limited and the solar reflectance Re is about 35%, and the performance of the original heat ray reflective laminate cannot be sufficiently exhibited.
- the present invention relates to automobiles and other various vehicles having solar radiation reflectance Re of 36% or more, a sufficient heat ray reflection function, and a reflection color with reduced redness, in particular, optical characteristics having a chromaticity a * of less than 3.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated glass suitable as a window glass.
- the laminated glass of one embodiment of the present invention includes an interlayer film and a laminate having a heat ray reflecting function between two glass plates, and a film constituting the laminate having a heat ray reflecting function between the two glass plates. Apart from this, a high refractive index film is provided.
- the manufacturing method of the laminated glass of 1 aspect of this invention is the process of preparing a 1st glass plate, the process of preparing a 2nd glass plate, the process of preparing an intermediate film, and a heat ray reflective function to a base material.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a laminated glass having a strong infrared reflection performance and a method for producing the laminated glass while keeping the reflection color neutral.
- the laminated glass of the present invention includes an intermediate film and a laminated body having a heat ray reflecting function between two glass plates, and is separate from the film constituting the laminated body having a heat ray reflecting function between the two glass plates.
- High refractive index film is a laminate of the laminated body having the heat ray reflecting function and the high refractive index film as separate layers through an intermediate film.
- Glass plate As for the first glass plate and the second glass plate used in the laminated glass of the present invention, a glass plate made of an inorganic material used for vehicles, trains, aircrafts, and other vehicles and window windows of buildings is appropriately used according to the application. Select and use. Moreover, not only a narrowly-defined glass plate made of an inorganic substance but also a so-called organic glass plate made of plastic (a broadly-defined glass plate including organic glass) may be used. Examples of the plastic glass plate include plates made of polycarbonate, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, and the like.
- Examples of the glass plate in a narrow sense made of an inorganic material include transparent soda lime silica glass to which no colorant is added, colored transparent glass colored in a desired color such as bronze, gray, and blue with a suitable colorant, and dark transparent glass. It is done.
- Examples of the green colored transparent glass that is a colored transparent glass include soda lime silica glass containing iron. That is, soda lime silica glass containing 0.3 to 1% of total iron in terms of mass percentage, for example, converted to Fe 2 O 3, on a soda lime silica base glass. Furthermore, absorption of light having a wavelength in the near-infrared region is dominated by absorption of divalent iron out of total iron. Therefore, it is more preferable mass of FeO (2-valent iron) in terms of Fe 2 O 3 is 20-40% of the mass of total iron in terms of Fe 2 O 3.
- cerium or the like can be added to soda lime silica-based mother glass. Specifically, it is preferable to use soda lime silica glass having the following composition substantially in terms of mass percentage in terms of oxide.
- the dark transparent glass is not particularly limited, but is, for example, soda lime silica glass containing iron at a high concentration. Note that “to” indicating the numerical range described above is used in the sense that the numerical values described before and after it are used as the lower limit value and the upper limit value, and unless otherwise specified, “to” is hereinafter used in this specification. Are used with similar meanings.
- the glass plate may be subjected to chemical strengthening, physical strengthening, or chemical and physical strengthening.
- the interlayer film used for the laminated glass of the present invention contains a thermoplastic resin.
- the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include polyvinyl acetal resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene-acrylic copolymer resin, polyurethane resin, polyurethane resin containing sulfur element, and polyvinyl alcohol resin. It is done. Among these, when used in combination with a plasticizer, an interlayer film for laminated glass that exhibits excellent adhesion to glass can be obtained, and therefore, a polyvinyl acetal resin is preferable.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde, but a polyvinyl butyral resin is preferable. Moreover, you may use together 2 or more types of polyvinyl acetal resin as needed.
- the preferable lower limit of the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is 40 mol%, the preferable upper limit is 85 mol%, the more preferable lower limit is 60 mol%, and the more preferable upper limit is 75 mol%.
- the preferred lower limit of the hydroxyl amount is 15 mol%, and the preferred upper limit is 35 mol%. If the amount of hydroxyl group is less than 15 mol%, the adhesion between the interlayer film for laminated glass and the glass may be lowered, or the penetration resistance of the resulting laminated glass may be lowered. When the amount of hydroxyl groups exceeds 35 mol%, the resulting interlayer film for laminated glass may become too hard.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin can be prepared by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde.
- the polyvinyl alcohol is usually obtained by saponifying polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 80 to 99.8 mol% is generally used.
- the preferable lower limit of the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 500, and the preferable upper limit is 4000. When the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is less than 500, the penetration resistance of the obtained laminated glass may be lowered. When the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol exceeds 4000, it may be difficult to mold the interlayer film for laminated glass.
- the minimum with a more preferable polymerization degree of the said polyvinyl alcohol is 1000, and a more preferable upper limit is 3600.
- the aldehyde is not particularly limited, but in general, an aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferably used.
- the aldehyde having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is not particularly limited.
- n-butyraldehyde, n-hexylaldehyde, and n-valeraldehyde are preferable, and n-butyraldehyde is more preferable.
- These aldehydes may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the interlayer film of the present invention may further contain a plasticizer.
- a plasticizer By containing a plasticizer, the obtained interlayer film for laminated glass becomes flexible and can exhibit high adhesion to glass.
- the plasticizer include triethylene glycol di-2-ethylbutyrate, triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate, triethylene glycol dicaprylate, triethylene glycol di-n-octanoate, and triethylene glycol diester.
- the content of the plasticizer is not particularly limited, but a preferable lower limit with respect to 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin is 30 parts by weight, and a preferable upper limit is 70 parts by weight.
- a plasticizer may isolate
- the minimum with more preferable content of the said plasticizer is 35 weight part, and a more preferable upper limit is 63 weight part.
- the surface of the intermediate film used for the laminated glass of the present invention may be flat or embossed.
- the intermediate film may have various functions such as ultraviolet absorption, oxidation prevention, light stability, flame retardance, antistatic, adhesion adjustment, moisture resistance, and infrared shielding as required.
- infrared shielding fine particles may be dispersed and blended.
- Infrared shielding fine particles include Re, Hf, Nb, Sn, Ti, Si, Zn, Zr, Fe, Al, Cr, Co, Ce, In, Ni, Ag, Cu, Pt, Mn, Ta, W V, Mo metal, oxides, nitrides, sulfides, or silicon compounds of these metals, or inorganic fine particles obtained by doping these compounds with Sb or F.
- These fine particles can be used alone or as a composite.
- it is effective to use, for example, various performances required for automobiles by using a mixture obtained by mixing these or a single compound with an organic resin or a coating coated with an organic resin.
- organic infrared absorbers such as phthalocyanines can also be used as the infrared shielding fine particles.
- at least one of tin oxide (ATO) fine particles doped with antimony and indium oxide (ITO) fine particles doped with tin may be used as the infrared shielding fine particles. Since the ATO fine particles and the ITO fine particles are excellent in the infrared shielding performance, the desired infrared shielding performance can be realized with a slight blending amount in the intermediate film.
- ITO fine particle is excellent in infrared shielding performance compared with ATO fine particle, it is particularly preferable to use ITO fine particle as infrared shielding fine particle.
- the intermediate film having an infrared shielding function absorbs visible light and infrared light.
- the infrared shielding intermediate film may be disposed inside the window glass rather than the laminated body having a heat ray reflecting function and the high refractive index film. desirable.
- the laminate having the heat ray reflecting function of the present invention has a multilayer structure in which a total of (2n + 1) layers [n is an integer of 1 or more] are laminated alternately from the glass plate side or from the substrate side. Is the body.
- 2 to 8 layers of metal film are preferably provided, and more preferably 2 to 6 layers are provided.
- the metal film has two or more layers, sufficient heat ray reflection performance can be obtained. If the metal film has eight or less layers, an increase in internal stress of the laminate can be suppressed. Moreover, it is preferable that the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer of the laminate having the heat ray reflecting function are metal compound films.
- the laminate having the heat ray reflecting function in the present invention refers to the multilayer structure itself having the above-described configuration, and the laminate having the heat ray reflecting function is formed on a glass plate surface or separately from the glass plate, for example. It is formed on a base material such as a prepared plastic film.
- a plurality of metal compound layers and metal films in the multilayer structure in which the above-described metal compound films and metal films are alternately stacked in total (2n + 1) layers [n is an integer of 1 or more] may be formed of the same material. It may be a partially different material or may be a completely different material.
- the metal compound film in the laminate having a heat ray reflective function is composed of a compound of metal element such as zinc, tin, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, tantalum, niobium, silicon and oxygen (metal oxide) or a compound of nitrogen (metal nitride). Is a typical example.
- the refractive index of the metal compound film in the laminate having a heat ray reflecting function is preferably 1.5 to 3.0, and particularly preferably 1.8 to 2.6.
- a film containing a high refractive index metal compound having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and zinc oxide (refractive index: 2.0) as main components, and having a refractive index of 1.8 to 2.6. preferable.
- the metal compound film preferably contains 90% by mass or more, more preferably 95% by mass or more of a high refractive index metal compound having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and zinc oxide, more preferably 99% by mass or more. It is particularly preferable to contain at least%.
- a high refractive index metal compound having a refractive index of 2.0 or more titanium oxide (refractive index 2.5) and / or niobium oxide (refractive index 2.4) is particularly preferable because the reflection band can be made wider.
- “refractive index” refers to a refractive index at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- the presence of the high refractive index metal compound can increase the refractive index of the metal compound film, and can widen the transmission / reflection band of the laminate.
- the ratio of the metal of the high refractive index metal compound to the total of metal and zinc is preferably 1 to 50 atom%, and particularly preferably 5 to 20 atom%.
- the metal compound film may contain a metal compound other than zinc oxide, titanium oxide and niobium oxide as long as the physical properties are not impaired.
- a metal compound other than zinc oxide, titanium oxide and niobium oxide as long as the physical properties are not impaired.
- gallium oxide, indium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, tin oxide, or the like may be included for the purpose of imparting conductivity.
- the geometrical film thickness of the metal compound film (hereinafter simply referred to as the film thickness) is the metal compound film closest to the glass plate (that is, when the glass is fitted to the window of an automobile or other vehicle, the outdoor glass 20 to 60 nm (particularly 30 to 50 nm) for the metal compound film farthest from the glass plate, and 40 to 120 nm for the other metal compound films (in particular, 30 to 50 nm).
- the thickness is preferably 40 to 100 nm.
- the metal film is a layer containing silver or a silver alloy as a main component. Since the metal film is formed of silver or a silver alloy, the resistance value of the laminated body can be lowered.
- the metal film is preferably a layer made of pure silver from the viewpoint of reducing the resistance value of the laminate. “Pure silver” in the present invention means that 99.9% by mass or more of silver is contained in a metal film (100% by mass).
- the metal film is preferably a layer made of a silver alloy containing gold and / or bismuth from the viewpoint of suppressing the diffusion of silver and consequently increasing the moisture resistance.
- the total of gold and / or bismuth is preferably 0.2 to 1.5% by mass in the metal layer (100% by mass) in order to make the specific resistance 4.5 ⁇ cm or less.
- the total thickness of the metal films is, for example, 25 to 60 nm (especially 25 to 50 nm) when the target resistance value of the obtained laminate is 1.5 ⁇ , and 35 when the resistance value target is 0.9 ⁇ . It is preferable to set it to ⁇ 80 nm (particularly 35 to 70 nm).
- the total film thickness is appropriately distributed according to the number of metal layers. As the number of metal layers increases, the specific resistance of each metal film increases, so the total film thickness tends to increase in order to reduce the resistance.
- the refractive index value at a wavelength of 550 nm of a high refractive index film (hereinafter referred to as a high refractive index film) different from the film constituting the laminate having the heat ray reflective function of the present invention is 1.90 or more. .90 to 2.60 is preferable, and 2.00 to 2.55 is particularly preferable.
- High refractive index films include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tantalum oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, tin oxide, titanium nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium nitride, aluminum nitride, titanium oxynitride, zirconium oxynitride, and tin oxynitride.
- the high refractive index inorganic material is preferably titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, or titanium oxynitride.
- the geometric film thickness of the high refractive index film is preferably 10 to 100 nm, particularly preferably 30 to 70 nm.
- the laminated glass of the present invention includes an aspect in which a laminate having a heat ray reflecting function and a high refractive index film are in contact with each other.
- a separate high refractive index film exists in contact with the laminate having the heat ray reflective function.
- membrane which comprises the laminated body which has a heat ray reflective function has a refractive index smaller than the high refractive index film
- the high refractive index film of the present invention may be provided at any position as long as it is between the glass plates. However, from the viewpoint of improving the reflection performance, it is better to be closer to the glass plate closest to sunlight. For example, in laminated glass used for windows of automobiles and other vehicles, it is preferable to provide the laminated glass outside the glass plate outside the laminated glass.
- the high refractive index film of the present invention is preferably provided on the inner surface side of the laminated glass and in contact with either one of the two glass plates constituting the laminated glass.
- Examples of the configuration of the laminated glass of the present invention include the following configurations.
- G represents a glass plate.
- the laminated glass of this invention is not limited to the following structures.
- G101 is expressed as a glass plate closest to sunlight.
- G101 / High refractive index film 102 / Intermediate film 103 / Laminated body 104 / Intermediate film 105 / G106 having a heat ray reflection function (2) G101 / Intermediate film 103 / High refractive index film 102 / Laminated body 104 having heat ray reflection function / Intermediate film 105 / G106 (3) G101 / intermediate film 103 / laminated body 104 having a heat ray reflecting function / high refractive index film 102 / intermediate film 105 / G106 (4) G101 / intermediate film 103 / laminated body 104 having a heat ray reflecting function / intermediate film 105 / high refractive index film 102 / G106
- the present invention is effective when combined with a member that deteriorates due to infrared rays, such as a light control element.
- the solar reflectance Re is preferably 36% or more, preferably 40% or more, and more preferably 44% or more.
- the chromaticity a * specified in JIS Z8729 is preferably less than 3 and more preferably negative.
- the laminated glass manufacturing method of the present invention includes a step of preparing a first glass plate, a step of preparing a second glass plate, a step of preparing an intermediate film, and a laminate having a heat ray reflecting function on a substrate. Between the first glass plate and the second glass plate so as to face the high refractive index film, the step of forming a high refractive index film on one surface of the first glass plate.
- a process of performing a bonding process such as a thermocompression bonding process for joining them is provided.
- various laminating processes in the production of conventional laminated glass can be employed.
- a 1st glass substrate is made into a 2nd glass substrate, and also the 1st glass substrate.
- the second glass substrate may be replaced with the first glass substrate, and the present invention is the same.
- Example 1 will be described below.
- ⁇ Heat ray reflective laminate> dry cleaning with an ion beam was performed as follows for the purpose of cleaning the surface of a polyethylene terephthalate film (PET film) having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m as a base material. First, argon gas was mixed with about 30% oxygen, and power of 100 W was applied. The substrate surface was irradiated with argon ions and oxygen ions ionized by an ion beam source.
- PET film polyethylene terephthalate film
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa.
- a first metal layer having a thickness of 10 nm was formed.
- argon gas is introduced, and pulse sputtering is performed at a pressure of 0.45 Pa, a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.7 W / cm 2 , and an inversion pulse width of 2 ⁇ s.
- a zinc oxide film (barrier layer) having a thickness of 5 nm was formed.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa.
- a second metal layer having a thickness of 14 nm was formed.
- argon gas is introduced, and pulse sputtering is performed at a pressure of 0.45 Pa, a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.7 W / cm 2 , and an inversion pulse width of 2 ⁇ s.
- a zinc oxide film (barrier layer) having a thickness of 5 nm was formed.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa.
- a third metal layer having a thickness of 14 nm was formed.
- argon gas is introduced, and pulse sputtering is performed at a pressure of 0.45 Pa, a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.7 W / cm 2 , and an inversion pulse width of 2 ⁇ s.
- a zinc oxide film (barrier layer) having a thickness of 5 nm was formed.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa. And a fourth metal layer having a thickness of 10 nm was formed.
- argon gas is introduced, and pulse sputtering is performed at a pressure of 0.45 Pa, a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.7 W / cm 2 , and an inversion pulse width of 2 ⁇ s.
- a zinc oxide film (barrier layer) having a thickness of 5 nm was formed.
- an oxide layer containing titanium oxide and zinc oxide as main components and a metal layer made of a gold-silver alloy are alternately laminated on the base material, and an ITO film is formed as the uppermost layer.
- a heat ray reflective laminate film having a structure of 5 heat ray reflective laminates and 5 oxide layers and 4 metal layers was obtained.
- ⁇ High refractive index film> A TiO x (1 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) target was placed on the cathode as a sputtering target in the vacuum chamber, and the vacuum chamber was evacuated to 1.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less. Subsequently, a mixed gas of argon gas and oxygen gas was introduced as a sputtering gas. At this time, the pressure was 0.40 Pa. In this state, a reactive sputtering method was performed using a DC pulse power source, and a TiO x film having a film thickness of 55 nm was formed on a glass substrate placed in a vacuum layer to obtain a high refractive index film-deposited glass plate. . Further, the refractive index of the TiO x film at this time was found to be 2.41 when calculated based on Snell's law and Fresnel's law.
- the high refractive index Laminated glass was prepared with the following structure: rate film-formed glass plate / intermediate film / heat ray reflective laminate film-formed film / intermediate film / glass plate.
- Table 2 shows the reflectance, lightness, and chromaticity obtained with this laminated glass.
- Example 2 A TiO x high refractive index film was formed on the surface of the PET film that had been subjected to the dry cleaning treatment in the same procedure as in Example 1 to obtain a high refractive index film. Further, using this high refractive index film, the same heat ray reflective laminate film as in Example 1, a polyvinyl butyral intermediate film prepared separately, and a normal glass plate, in order from the vehicle outer surface, a normal glass plate A laminated glass was prepared in the following structure: / intermediate film / high refractive index film / intermediate film / heat ray reflective laminate film / intermediate film / normal glass plate. Table 3 shows the reflectance, lightness, and chromaticity of the obtained laminated glass. Table 3 confirms that although the effect of solar reflectance Re is inferior to that of Example 1, a laminated glass with improved heat ray reflection performance that maintains a neutral color, which is the original purpose, can be realized. It was.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa.
- a first metal layer having a thickness of 12 nm was formed.
- Pulse sputtering with 50 kHz, power density of 4.5 W / cm 2 and inversion pulse width of 2 ⁇ s was performed to form a zinc oxide / titanium oxide mixed film having a thickness of 73 nm.
- An oxide layer (that is, a second metal compound film) was formed from the zinc oxide film thus obtained and the zinc oxide / titanium oxide mixed film.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa.
- a second metal layer having a thickness of 12 nm was formed.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa.
- a third metal layer having a thickness of 16 nm was formed.
- Pulse sputtering with 50 kHz, power density of 4.5 W / cm 2 and inversion pulse width of 2 ⁇ s was performed to form a zinc oxide / titanium oxide mixed film having a thickness of 73 nm.
- An oxide layer (that is, a fourth metal compound film) was formed from the zinc oxide film thus obtained and the zinc oxide / titanium oxide mixed film.
- argon gas was introduced using a silver alloy target doped with 1.0% by mass of gold, and pulse sputtering with a frequency of 50 kHz, a power density of 2.3 W / cm 2 and an inversion pulse width of 10 ⁇ s was performed at a pressure of 0.73 Pa. And a fourth metal layer having a thickness of 10 nm was formed.
- a heat ray reflective laminate in which an oxide layer containing titanium oxide and zinc oxide as main components and a metal layer made of a gold-silver alloy are alternately laminated on a substrate, A heat ray reflective laminate film having a structure of 5 oxide layers and 4 metal layers was obtained.
- a TiO x film having a thickness of 55 nm was formed on a glass substrate in the same procedure as in Example 1 to obtain a glass plate with a high refractive index film.
- a laminated glass having a strong infrared reflection performance while keeping the reflection color neutral particularly a laminated glass having a solar reflectance Re of 36% or more and a chromaticity a * of less than 3. It can be suitably used as laminated glass for automobiles and other vehicles.
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、日射反射率Reが36%以上で、充分な熱線反射機能を有し、かつ赤みを抑えた反射色、特に色度a*が3未満の光学特性を有する、自動車、その他各種車両等の窓ガラスとして好適な合わせガラスを提供することを目的とする。
本発明の合わせガラスに用いられる第一のガラス板及び第二のガラス板は、自動車・電車・航空機などの乗り物や建築物の窓ガラスに使用される無機物からなるガラス板が用途に合わせて適宜選択して使用される。また、無機物からなる狭義のガラス板だけでなく、プラスチック製のいわゆる有機ガラス板(有機ガラスを含め広義のガラス板)でもよい。プラスチック製のガラス板としては、ポリカーボネート、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、アクリル系樹脂、メタクリル系樹脂等からなる板が挙げられる。無機物からなる狭義のガラス板としては、着色剤を添加しない透明なソーダライムシリカガラスや適当な着色剤によりブロンズ、グレー、ブルーなどの所望の色に着色した有色透明ガラス、濃色透明ガラスが挙げられる。
濃色透明ガラスは特に限定されないが、例えば鉄を高濃度で含有するソーダライムシリカガラスである。
なお、上記した数値範囲を示す「~」とは、その前後に記載された数値を下限値及び上限値として含む意味で使用され、特段の定めがない限り、以下本明細書において「~」は、同様の意味をもって使用される。
本発明の合わせガラスに用いられる中間膜は、熱可塑性樹脂を含有する。上記熱可塑性樹脂は特に限定されず、例えば、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体樹脂、エチレン-アクリル共重合体樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、硫黄元素を含有するポリウレタン樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂等が挙げられる。なかでも、可塑剤と併用した場合に、ガラスに対して優れた接着性を発揮する合わせガラス用中間膜が得られることから、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂が好適である。
(熱線反射機能を有する積層体)
本発明の熱線反射機能を有する積層体は、ガラス板側から、又は基材側から金属化合物膜と金属膜とが交互に計(2n+1)層[nは1以上の整数]積層された多層構造体である。ここで、金属膜が2~8層設けられていることが好ましく、2~6層設けられていることがより好ましい。金属膜が2層以上であれば、充分な熱線反射性能を得ることができ、8層以下であれば、積層体の内部応力増加を抑制できる。また、前記熱線反射機能を有する積層体の最上層及び最下層は、金属化合物膜であることが好ましい。
本発明における熱線反射機能を有する積層体は、上記したような構成の多層構造体自体を指し、この熱線反射機能を有する積層体は、例えば、ガラス板面に形成されたり、ガラス板とは別途用意されたプラスチックフィルム等の基材に形成される。
上記した金属化合物膜と金属膜とが交互に計(2n+1)層[nは1以上の整数]積層された多層構造体における複数の金属化合物層及び金属膜は、それぞれ同じ材料により形成してもよいし、一部異なる材料としてもよいし、あるいは全部異なる材料にしても構わない。
熱線反射機能を有する積層体における金属化合物膜は、亜鉛、スズ、アルミニウム、チタン、ジルコニウム、タンタル、ニオブ、ケイ素等の金属元素と酸素の化合物(金属酸化物)又は窒素の化合物(金属窒化物)が代表的な例として挙げられる。熱線反射機能を有する積層体における金属化合物膜としての屈折率は、1.5~3.0が好ましく、特に1.8~2.6が好ましい。特に、屈折率2.0以上の高屈折率金属化合物と酸化亜鉛(屈折率:2.0)とを主成分として含有する膜であって、屈折率が1.8~2.6の膜が好ましい。また、この金属化合物膜は、屈折率2.0以上の高屈折率金属化合物と酸化亜鉛とを合計で90質量%以上含有することが好ましく、95質量%以上含有することがより好ましく、99質量%以上含有することが特に好ましい。屈折率2.0以上の高屈折率金属化合物の中でも、反射バンドをより広くできることから、特に酸化チタン(屈折率2.5)及び/又は酸化ニオブ(屈折率2.4)が好ましい。本発明において「屈折率」とは、波長550nmにおける屈折率をいう。
金属膜は、銀又は銀合金を主成分として含有する層である。銀又は銀合金により金属膜が形成されていることにより積層体の抵抗値を低くできる。金属膜は、積層体の抵抗値を低くする観点からは、純銀からなる層であることが好ましい。本発明における「純銀」は、金属膜(100質量%)中に銀を99.9質量%以上含有することを意味する。
本発明の熱線反射機能を有する積層体を構成する膜とは別の高屈折率膜(以下、高屈折率膜と称する)の波長550nmにおける屈折率の値は、1.90以上であり、1.90~2.60が好ましく、2.00~2.55が特に好ましい。
高屈折率膜の幾何学的膜厚は、10~100nmが好ましく、特に30~70nmが好ましい。
本発明の合わせガラスは、熱線反射機能を有する積層体と高屈折率膜とが接している態様も含む。前記態様においては、熱線反射機能を有する積層体中に高屈折率金属化合物が含まれているか否かの如何に関わらず、熱線反射機能を有する積層体に接して別途高屈折率膜が存在するものである。また、前記態様においては、熱線反射機能を有する積層体を構成する膜の最表層部は、接して別途形成される高屈折率膜より屈折率が小さい。
本発明の高屈折率膜は、ガラス板の間であれば、どの位置に設けられても良い。しかしながら、反射性能を向上するという観点からすれば、太陽光に最も近いガラス板に近い方が良い。例えば、自動車、その他車両の窓に使用される合わせガラスにおいては、その合わせガラスの室外側のガラス板の室外側に設けることが好ましい。
本発明の前記高屈折率膜は、合わせガラスの内面側であって、合わせガラスを構成する2枚のガラス板のいずれか一方のガラス板面に接触して設けられていることが好ましい。
(2)G101/中間膜103/高屈折率膜102/熱線反射機能を有する積層体104/中間膜105/G106
(3)G101/中間膜103/熱線反射機能を有する積層体104/高屈折率膜102/中間膜105/G106
(4)G101/中間膜103/熱線反射機能を有する積層体104/中間膜105/高屈折率膜102/G106
また、本発明は調光素子など赤外線によって劣化する部材と組み合わせると効果的である。
(光学特性)
本発明の合わせガラスにおいては、強い赤外線反射性能を得るためには、日射反射率Reは36%以上が良く、40%以上が好ましく、44%以上がより好ましい。また、赤味を抑えた反射色を実現するためには、JIS Z8729の規定の色度a*は3未満が良く、負であることがより好ましい。なお、上述した構成(2)を複数回シミュレーションした結果、Re:43.8%・a*:-0.15、Re:45.3%・a*:-0.42であった。
本発明の合わせガラスの製造方法は、第1のガラス板を準備する工程と、第2のガラス板を準備する工程と、中間膜を準備する工程と、基材に熱線反射機能を有する積層体を形成する工程と、第1のガラス板の一方の面に高屈折率膜を形成する工程と、高屈率膜と対面するように、第1のガラス板と第2のガラス板との間に、中間膜と積層体を挟み、合わせガラスとすべく、これらを接合する熱圧着加工等の合わせ加工を施し、一体化する工程とを備える。ここにおいて、合わせ加工は、従来からの合わせガラスの製造における各種の合わせ加工を採用することができる。
本発明の合わせガラスの製造方法において、第一のガラス基板および第二のガラス基板という表現を用いて説明したが、これらの説明において、第一のガラス基板を第二のガラス基板に、また第二のガラス基板を第一のガラス基板に置き換えてもよく、本発明は同様である。
以下、実施例1について説明する。
まず、基材である厚さ100μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(PETフィルム)表面の洗浄を目的としたイオンビームによる乾式洗浄を以下のようにして行った。まずアルゴンガスに約30%の酸素を混合して、100Wの電力を投入した。イオンビームソースによりイオン化されたアルゴンイオン及び酸素イオンを基材表面に照射した。
真空槽内にTiOx(1<x<2)ターゲットをスパッタターゲットとしてカソード上に配置し、真空槽を1.3×10-3Pa以下となるまで排気した。ついで、スパッタガスとしてアルゴンガスを酸素ガスとの混合ガスを導入した。このとき、圧力は0.40Paとなった。この状態で、DCパルス電源を用いて反応性スパッタリング法を行い、真空層内に設置したガラス基板上にTiOx膜を55nmの膜厚で形成し、高屈折率膜成膜ガラス板を得た。またこのときのTiOx膜の屈折率をスネルの法則、フレネルの法則に基づいて計算から求めたところ、2.41であった。
上記の様にして得られた熱線反射積層体成膜フィルム、及び高屈折率膜成膜ガラス板、並びに別途準備されたポリビニルブチラール中間膜、及びガラス板を用いて、車外面から順に、高屈折率膜成膜ガラス板/中間膜/熱線反射積層体成膜フィルム/中間膜/ガラス板、という構成で合わせガラスを作成した。この合せガラスで得られた反射率、明度、色度は、表2の通りとなった。表2によれば、熱線反射積層体成膜フィルムや高屈折率成膜ガラス板単体では実現できない熱線反射性能が得られている上、色度のうち赤味の強弱をあらわすa*の値が低減され、中性的な反射色が得られていることが確認された。
実施例1と同様の手順でTiOx高屈折率膜を、乾式洗浄処理が施されたPETフィルム表面に成膜し、高屈折率フィルムを得た。また、この高屈折率膜フィルム、及び実施例1と同様の熱線反射積層体成膜フィルム、並びに別途準備されたポリビニルブチラール中間膜、及び通常ガラス板を用いて、車外面から順に、通常ガラス板/中間膜/高屈折率フィルム/中間膜/熱線反射積層体成膜フィルム/中間膜/通常ガラス板、という構成で合わせガラスを作成した。得られた合わせガラスの反射率、明度、色度は表3の通りとなった。表3からは、実施例1に比べて日射反射率Reの効果は劣るものの、当初の目的である、中性的な色を保った熱線反射性能向上合せガラスが実現できていることが確認された。
<熱線反射積層体>
まず、基材である厚さ100μmのPETフィルムの表面に、酸化亜鉛及び酸化チタン混合ターゲット[酸化亜鉛:酸化チタン=90:10(質量比)]を用いてアルゴンガスに10体積%の酸素ガスを混合して導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度4.5W/cm2 、反転パルス幅2μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ20nmの酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合の酸化物層(すなわち、第1の金属化合物膜)を形成した。
ついで、金を1.0質量%ドープした銀合金ターゲットを用いてアルゴンガスを導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度2.3W/cm2 、反転パルス幅10μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ12nmの第1の金属層を形成した。
ついで、酸化亜鉛及び酸化チタン混合ターゲット[酸化亜鉛:酸化チタン=90:10(質量比)]を用いてアルゴンガスに10体積%の酸素ガスを混合して導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度4.5W/cm2 、反転パルス幅2μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ73nmの酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜を形成した。このようにして得た酸化亜鉛膜と酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜とで酸化物層(すなわち、第2の金属化合物膜)を形成した。
ついで、金を1.0質量%ドープした銀合金ターゲットを用いてアルゴンガスを導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度2.3W/cm2 、反転パルス幅10μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ12nmの第2の金属層を形成した。
ついで、酸化亜鉛及び酸化チタン混合ターゲット[酸化亜鉛:酸化チタン=90:10(質量比)]を用いてアルゴンガスに10体積%の酸素ガスを混合して導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度4.5W/cm2 、反転パルス幅2μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ73nmの酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜を形成した。このようにして得た酸化亜鉛膜と酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜とで酸化物層(すなわち、第3の金属化合物膜)を形成した。
ついで、金を1.0質量%ドープした銀合金ターゲットを用いてアルゴンガスを導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度2.3W/cm2 、反転パルス幅10μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ16nmの第3の金属層を形成した。
ついで、酸化亜鉛及び酸化チタン混合ターゲット[酸化亜鉛:酸化チタン=90:10(質量比)]を用いてアルゴンガスに10体積%の酸素ガスを混合して導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度4.5W/cm2 、反転パルス幅2μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ73nmの酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜を形成した。このようにして得た酸化亜鉛膜と酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜とで酸化物層(すなわち、第4の金属化合物膜)を形成した。
ついで、金を1.0質量%ドープした銀合金ターゲットを用いてアルゴンガスを導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度2.3W/cm2 、反転パルス幅10μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ10nmの第4の金属層を形成した。
ついで、酸化亜鉛及び酸化チタン混合ターゲット[酸化亜鉛:酸化チタン=80:20(質量比)]を用いてアルゴンガスに10体積%の酸素ガスを混合して導入し、0.73Paの圧力で周波数50kHz、電力密度4.5W/cm2 、反転パルス幅2μ秒のパルススパッタを行い、厚さ20nmの酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜を形成した。このようにして得た酸化亜鉛膜と酸化亜鉛・酸化チタン混合膜とで酸化物層(すなわち、第5の金属化合物膜)を形成した。
このようにして、基材上に、酸化チタンと酸化亜鉛とを主成分として含有する酸化物層と、金-銀合金からなる金属層とが交互に積層された熱線反射積層体であって、酸化物層が5層、金属層が4層の構成の熱線反射積層体成膜フィルムを得た。
<高屈折膜>
実施例1と同様の手順でTiOx膜をガラス基板上に55nm形成し、高屈折率膜成膜ガラス板を得た。
<合わせガラス>
上記で得られた熱線反射積層フィルム及び高屈折率膜成膜ガラス板を用いて、実施例1と同様に、車外面から順に、高屈折率成膜ガラス板/中間膜/熱線反射積層フィルム/中間膜/ガラス板、という構成で合わせガラスを作成した。得られた反射率、明度、色度は表4の通りとなった。表4によれば、熱線反射性能が得られている上、色度のうち赤味の強弱をあらわすa*の値が低減され、中性的な反射色が得られていることが確認された。
なお、2011年1月18日に出願された日本特許出願2011-007928号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の開示として取り入れるものである。
102 高屈折率膜
103 中間膜
104 熱線反射機能を有する積層体
105 中間膜
Claims (7)
- 中間膜、及び熱線反射機能を有する積層体を2枚のガラス板の間に備えた合わせガラスであって、
前記2枚のガラス板との間に、前記熱線反射機能を有する積層体を構成する膜とは別に、高屈折率膜を備えたことを特徴とする合わせガラス。 - 前記高屈折率膜は、前記2枚のガラス板のいずれか一方のガラス板面に接触して設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記高屈折率膜の屈折率は、1.90~2.60の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1、又は2に記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記熱線反射機能を有する積層体は、ガラス板側から金属化合物膜と金属膜とが交互に計(2n+1)層[nは1以上の整数]積層された多層構造体であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記熱線反射機能を有する積層体の最上層及び最下層は、金属化合物膜であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の合わせガラス。
- 前記したガラス板側から金属化合物膜と金属膜とが交互に計(2n+1)層[nは1以上の整数]積層された熱線反射機能を有する積層体のnが、2~8であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の合わせガラス。
- 第1のガラス板を準備する工程と、
第2のガラス板を準備する工程と、
中間膜を準備する工程と、
基材に熱線反射機能を有する積層体を形成する工程と、
前記第1のガラス板の一方の面に高屈折率膜を形成する工程と、
前記高屈率膜と対面するように、前記第1のガラス板と前記第2のガラス板との間に、前記中間膜と前記積層体を挟み、合わせ加工を施す工程とを備えたことを特徴とする合わせガラスの製造方法。
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EP12736685.4A EP2666757A4 (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2012-01-17 | COATED GLASS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COATED GLASS |
JP2012553733A JPWO2012099124A1 (ja) | 2011-01-18 | 2012-01-17 | 合わせガラス及び合わせガラスの製造方法 |
CN2012800057583A CN103328404A (zh) | 2011-01-18 | 2012-01-17 | 夹层玻璃及夹层玻璃的制造方法 |
US13/945,508 US20130302580A1 (en) | 2011-01-18 | 2013-07-18 | Laminated glass and process for producing laminated glass |
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Cited By (4)
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JP5895089B1 (ja) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-03-30 | 尾池工業株式会社 | 熱線遮蔽積層体および該積層体を用いた窓ガラス |
WO2016199661A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | 尾池工業株式会社 | 熱線遮蔽積層体および該積層体を用いた窓ガラス |
JP2017030348A (ja) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 積層膜及び熱線反射材 |
WO2020261925A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
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US20140127857A1 (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-08 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Carrier Wafers, Methods of Manufacture Thereof, and Packaging Methods |
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BR112020007393A2 (pt) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-09-29 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | arranjo de projeção para um colimador de pilotagem frontal (hud) com porções de luz p-polarizada |
TW201941949A (zh) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-11-01 | 日商積水化學工業股份有限公司 | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 |
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- 2012-01-17 CN CN2012800057583A patent/CN103328404A/zh active Pending
- 2012-01-17 WO PCT/JP2012/050863 patent/WO2012099124A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-01-17 EP EP12736685.4A patent/EP2666757A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-01-17 JP JP2012553733A patent/JPWO2012099124A1/ja active Pending
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2013
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JP5895089B1 (ja) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-03-30 | 尾池工業株式会社 | 熱線遮蔽積層体および該積層体を用いた窓ガラス |
WO2016199661A1 (ja) * | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | 尾池工業株式会社 | 熱線遮蔽積層体および該積層体を用いた窓ガラス |
JP2017030348A (ja) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 積層膜及び熱線反射材 |
WO2020261925A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-30 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
JP2021004148A (ja) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-01-14 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
JP7182066B2 (ja) | 2019-06-26 | 2022-12-02 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス |
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US20130302580A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
EP2666757A1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
EP2666757A4 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
JPWO2012099124A1 (ja) | 2014-06-30 |
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