WO2011024995A1 - 堆積膜形成装置および堆積膜形成方法 - Google Patents
堆積膜形成装置および堆積膜形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011024995A1 WO2011024995A1 PCT/JP2010/064692 JP2010064692W WO2011024995A1 WO 2011024995 A1 WO2011024995 A1 WO 2011024995A1 JP 2010064692 W JP2010064692 W JP 2010064692W WO 2011024995 A1 WO2011024995 A1 WO 2011024995A1
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- gas
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- deposited film
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- film forming
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 244
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 163
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 13
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 6
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004050 hot filament vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006713 insertion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron Chemical compound B#B ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorosilicon Chemical compound Cl[Si]Cl BUMGIEFFCMBQDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilane Chemical compound [SiH3][SiH3] PZPGRFITIJYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000078 germane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/24—Deposition of silicon only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45565—Shower nozzles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/505—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/20—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof such devices or parts thereof comprising amorphous semiconductor materials
- H01L31/202—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof such devices or parts thereof comprising amorphous semiconductor materials including only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a deposited film forming apparatus and a deposited film forming method for forming a deposited film such as silicon on a substrate.
- Patent Document 1 As an apparatus that can deposit a high-quality film on a substrate at high speed, the applicant has proposed a gas-separated plasma CVD apparatus that combines the advantages of plasma CVD (chemical vapor deposition) and thermal catalytic CVD (for example, see Patent Document 1 below).
- a low raw material gas decomposition probability such as H 2 gas through a gas supply path mechanism is arranged to improve the degradation probabilities represented by a heating catalyst body, decomposition of H 2 gas activity Can be introduced into the chamber.
- SiH 4 gas a source gas having a high decomposition probability, such as SiH 4 gas, is introduced into the chamber through another gas supply path in which no heating catalyst is disposed, SiH that causes film quality degradation in the thermal catalytic CVD method 2.
- SiH 4 gas can contribute to the formation of a deposited film while suppressing the generation of SiH and Si.
- the gas separation type plasma CVD apparatus can form a high quality film at high speed.
- the gas separation type plasma CVD apparatus separates and supplies the source gas according to the gas decomposition probability. Therefore, when forming the deposited film, a sufficient source gas is uniformly supplied even at a small flow rate, and the film having a uniform film thickness distribution is provided. Whether it can be deposited becomes a problem.
- the flow rate of SiH 4 gas is as low as 1/10 to 1/200 compared to the flow rate of H 2 gas. For this reason, SiH 4 gas is difficult to be supplied uniformly from a plurality of gas supply units, and in a large deposition film forming apparatus having a deposition area exceeding 1 m 2 , the film thickness distribution in the plane of the deposition film tends to be non-uniform.
- the present invention has been made based on such a background, and an object thereof is to provide a deposited film forming apparatus and a deposited film forming method capable of forming a deposited film having a uniform film thickness distribution.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a deposited film forming apparatus and a deposited film forming method effective for forming a Si-based thin film used for a thin-film Si-based solar cell.
- a deposited film forming apparatus is provided.
- the second electrode includes a first supply unit that supplies a first source gas to a space between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a plurality of second supply units that supply a second source gas to the space. And a first supply path that is connected to the first supply section and into which the first source gas is introduced, and a second supply path that is connected to the second supply section and into which the second source gas is introduced.
- a deposited film forming apparatus comprising:
- the second supply path includes a main flow portion having a first inlet into which the second raw material gas is introduced, and a plurality of gas flows having a second inlet through which the second raw material gas is introduced from the main flow portion.
- a plurality of the second supply sections are connected to each of the plurality of gas flow paths of the branch section,
- the main flow section and the tributary section have a structure in which the second source gas does not flow as a straight flow from the first introduction port to the second supply section.
- the deposited film forming method is a deposition in which a deposited film is formed on a substrate disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode using the deposited film forming apparatus.
- a film forming method comprising: A plasma is generated by supplying the first source gas and the second source gas between the first electrode and the second electrode to form a deposited film on the base material. To do.
- a raw material gas with a small flow rate can be uniformly supplied into the chamber from each supply unit, and a uniform film is formed on the substrate.
- a deposited film having a thickness distribution can be formed.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of a deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the structure of the second supply path in the second electrode used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. .
- FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B are enlarged cross-sectional views schematically showing the arrangement relationship between the main flow part and the tributary part respectively used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B are cross-sectional views schematically showing modifications of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are enlarged perspective views schematically showing modifications of the second supply path used in the embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing a modified example of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing a modification of the second supply path used in one embodiment of the deposited film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a second supply path used in the deposited film forming apparatus of the comparative example.
- the deposited film forming apparatus S ⁇ b> 1 is located in the chamber 1, the first electrode 7 located in the chamber 1, and the first electrode 7 in the chamber 1 at a predetermined interval. And a second electrode 2 functioning as an electrode. Further, the base material 10 on which the deposited film is formed is disposed between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 2. In addition, the base material 10 should just be located between the 1st electrode 7 and the 2nd electrode 2, and is not limited to the aspect by which the base material 10 is hold
- the chamber 1 is a reaction vessel having a vacuum-tight reaction space constituted by at least a top wall, a peripheral wall, and a bottom wall.
- the inside of the chamber 1 is evacuated by a vacuum pump 9. Further, the pressure inside the chamber 1 is adjusted by a pressure regulator (not shown).
- the vacuum pump 9 is desirably a dry vacuum pump such as a turbo molecular pump.
- the ultimate vacuum in the chamber 1 is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less.
- the pressure in the chamber 1 during film formation is 50 to 7000 Pa, although it varies depending on the type of film to be formed.
- the first electrode 6 has a function of an anode electrode and incorporates a heater for adjusting the temperature of the substrate 10. Since the first electrode 7 also functions as a temperature adjustment mechanism for the substrate 10, the substrate 10 is adjusted to, for example, 100 to 400 ° C, more preferably 150 to 350 ° C.
- the base material 10 can be a flat plate made of a glass substrate or the like, or a film made of a metal material or a resin.
- the second electrode 2 is disposed opposite to the first electrode 7 and functions as a shower electrode and a cathode electrode.
- the second electrode 2 includes a first supply unit 4 and a second supply unit 6 that supply the gas introduced from the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5 into the chamber 1.
- the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 6 are open toward the base material 10.
- the high frequency power supply 11 is connected to the second electrode 2 and can use a frequency of about 13.56 MHz to 100 MHz. When a film is formed in a large area of 1 m 2 or more, a frequency of about 60 MHz or less is preferably used.
- plasma is formed between the second electrode 2 and the substrate 10 in a space 8 where plasma is generated.
- a plurality of gas cylinders (not shown) for storing different gases are connected to the plurality of first supply sections 4 and the plurality of second supply sections 6 through the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5, respectively.
- the gases introduced from the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5 are not basically mixed until reaching the space 8 where plasma is generated through the first supply section 4 and the second supply section 6, respectively.
- the gas supplied to the plurality of first supply units 4 and the plurality of second supply units 6 includes a first source gas and a second source gas having a higher decomposition probability than the first source gas.
- the total decomposition rate of gas is defined as exp ( ⁇ Ea / kTe) ⁇ Ng ⁇ Ne ⁇ ve ⁇ ⁇ g.
- ⁇ Ea is the excitation activation energy (dissociation energy) of the source gas
- k is the Boltzmann constant
- Te is the electron temperature
- Ng is the source gas concentration
- Ne is the electron concentration
- ve the electron velocity
- ⁇ g is the source gas collision cross section.
- exp ( ⁇ Ea / kTe) means the decomposition probability.
- exp ( ⁇ Ea / kTe) ⁇ ⁇ g may be expressed as ⁇ (Ea).
- the first source gas is supplied from the first supply unit 4 through the first supply path 3, and the second source gas is supplied from the second supply unit 6 through the second supply path 5.
- the first source gas flowing through the first supply path 3 is divided and part of the first source gas flows into the second supply path 5 (mixed with the second source gas).
- the first source gas and the second source gas are appropriately selected depending on the type of the deposited film.
- a Si-based thin film such as a-Si: H (hydrogenated amorphous silicon) or ⁇ c-Si: H (hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon)
- a non-Si based gas is used as the first source gas.
- Si-based gas can be used as the source gas.
- hydrogen (H 2 ) gas or the like is used as the non-Si gas.
- Si-based gases include silane (SiH 4 ), disilane (Si 2 H 6 ), silicon tetrafluoride (SiF 4 ), silicon hexafluoride (Si 2 F 6 ), or dichlorosilane (SiH 2 Cl 2 ) gas. Used. In the case of introducing a doping gas, diborane (B 2 H 6 ) gas or the like is used as the p-type doping gas, and phosphine (PH 3 ) gas or the like is used as the n-type doping gas. As a supply path for the doping gas, either the first supply path 3 or the second supply path 5 can be selected as necessary. However, as will be described later, when the heating catalyst body 12 provided in the first supply path 3 is provided, the doping gas is desirably introduced through the second supply path 5.
- a heating catalyst body 12 connected to a heating power source 13 can be provided in the first supply path 3, and the first source gas is heated and activated by the heating catalyst body 12 heated to about 500 to 2000 ° C. And is also activated in the space 8 where plasma is generated.
- a heating means such as a resistance heating body may be used instead of the heating catalyst body 12.
- the heated catalyst body 12 functions as a thermal catalyst body that excites and activates (decomposes) the gas in contact with the medium by passing an electric current through the medium and raising the temperature by heating.
- At least the surface of the heating catalyst body 12 is made of a metal material.
- This metal material is preferably made of a pure metal or alloy material containing at least one of Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Nb, Mo, Ru, and Pt, which are high melting point metal materials.
- the shape of the heating catalyst body 12 is, for example, a metal material such as that described above formed into a wire shape, a plate shape, or a mesh shape.
- the heating catalyst body 12 is preheated for several minutes at a temperature higher than the heating temperature at the time of film formation before being used for film formation. Thereby, it can reduce that the impurity in the metal material of the heating catalyst body 12 is doped in the film at the time of film formation.
- the gas can be uniformly contacted with the heating catalyst body 12, and the gas is efficiently activated. be able to.
- the first raw material gas that has not been decomposed or is recombined after being decomposed is promoted by heating the heating catalyst body 12 to promote the decomposition of the first raw material gas. Since the temperature of one source gas is also rising, gas decomposition is further promoted in the space 8 where plasma is generated. Furthermore, since the second source gas is supplied from the second supply unit 6 without being brought into contact with the heating catalyst body 12 and excited and activated in the space 8 where the plasma is generated, the second source gas is excessively decomposed. Therefore, the film can be formed at high speed, and a high-quality thin film can be formed.
- the higher-order silane formation reaction is 1) SiH 4 + SiH 2 ⁇ Si 2 H 6 2) Si 2 H 6 + SiH 2 ⁇ Si 3 H 8 ...
- the same SiH 2 insertion reaction continues ... That is, a reaction in which a high molecular polymer is generated by SiH 2 insertion reaction.
- SiH 2 is generated together with SiH 3 which is a main component of film formation when SiH 4 collides with electrons in the plasma.
- the higher the plasma excitation power is increased in order to increase the film forming speed the more SiH 2 is generated. As a result, more higher-order silane molecules are also generated.
- this higher order silane formation reaction is an exothermic reaction. In other words, it is a three-body reaction that proceeds by exhausting heat generated by the reaction into the space.
- a space where heat is to be discharged specifically, a space containing hydrogen gas as a main component
- the second supply path 5 is connected to a main flow part 51 extending in the lateral direction in the upper part and the lower part in the figure and a main flow part 51 in the upper part and the lower part. And a tributary part 52 extending in the direction.
- the tributary part 52 has a plurality of gas flow paths 52a.
- the second supply unit 6 is not connected to the main flow unit 51, and the second supply unit 6 is connected only to the gas flow path 52 a of the branch unit 52.
- the second supply path 5 has a first introduction port 53 through which the second source gas is introduced into the main flow part 51, and the main flow part 51 passes the second source gas through the first introduction port 53. It is connected to an introduction path 55 for introduction into the section 51.
- the main flow part 51 is connected to the gas flow path 52 a of the branch part 52 through a second introduction port 54 that is a connection port through which the second source gas flows from the main flow part 51 to the branch part 52.
- the second source gas passing through the cross section of the first introduction port 53 flows into the main flow part 51 while maintaining straightness with a gas flow having a certain spread angle determined by the gas flow velocity or the like.
- the inner wall length AB between the gas flow paths in the first introduction port 53 is longer than the sectional opening length CD of the introduction path 55 (in this case, equal to the sectional opening length CE of the first introduction port 53). By doing so, the gas having straightness can be brought into contact with the main wall of the inner wall length AB.
- the rectilinearity of the second source gas is reduced, and finally it flows laterally along the inner wall of the main flow part 51, so that the rectilinear component does not flow directly into the second supply part 6,
- the two raw material gases are evenly distributed to the tributaries 52.
- the inner wall of the main flow part 51 with which the second source gas is brought into contact may be, for example, the inner wall surface of the main flow part 51 that is not connected to the tributary part 52 and faces the second introduction port 54.
- vertically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the main flow part 51 was demonstrated for simplicity, it is not limited to this.
- the sectional opening length CD of the introduction path 55 at the first introduction port 53 is D1
- the sectional opening length A ⁇ of the main flow section 51 is F is D2
- the cross-sectional opening length BG of the tributary section 52 is D3.
- the straight component of the gas flowing into the main flow part 51 from the first introduction port 53 may spread in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG.
- the inflow depth BH of the straight component of the gas into the tributary section 52 equal to or less than the cross-sectional opening length D3 of the tributary section, the influence of the rectilinearity of the gas is reduced and the second source gas is evenly tributated.
- the gas can be distributed to each gas flow path 52a of the section 52.
- the position of the inlet of the second supply port 6 is provided in a region away from the second introduction port 54 by the sectional opening length D3 or more of the branch portion 52, so that the straight component does not directly flow into the second supply portion 6. .
- the distance L between the first introduction port 53 and the second introduction port 54 (the gas flow path 52a of the tributary portion 52) is By being longer than the cross-sectional opening length D2 of the main flow portion 51, the inflow depth of the straight component of the gas into the tributary portion 52 is always equal to or smaller than the cross-sectional opening length D3 of the tributary portion 52, and the second raw material gas is evenly distributed. Can be distributed to the gas flow path 52a.
- the structure of the main flow part 51 and the tributary part 52 in the second supply path 5 has been described by taking the simple structure shown in FIG. 3 as an example, but is not limited thereto.
- a plurality of second supply sections 6 are connected to each of the plurality of gas flow paths 52 a of the branch section 52, and the main flow section 51 and the branch section 52 supply the second source gas from the first inlet 53 to the second supply. What is necessary is just to have a structure which does not flow into the part 6 as a straight flow.
- the inlet of the second supply section 6 connected to the one gas flow path is on a straight line connecting the first inlet 53 and the second inlet 54. Any structure that is not located may be used.
- the distance L between the first introduction port 53 and the second introduction port 54 in the direction along the longitudinal direction of the main flow portion 51 may be equal to or longer than the cross-sectional opening length D2 of the main flow portion 51.
- the second supply path 5 includes a main flow portion 51 extending in the lateral direction at the upper and lower portions of the tributary portion 52, and a main flow portion at the upper and lower portions. 51 and a tributary section 52 having a plurality of gas flow paths 52a extending in the vertical direction.
- the second supply part 6 is not connected to the main flow part 51, and the second supply part 6 is connected only to each gas flow path 52 a of the branch part 52.
- the main flow part 51 is connected to the introduction path 55 for introducing the second source gas into the main flow part 51 via the first introduction port 53, and further, via the branch part 52 and the second introduction port 54.
- the first introduction port 53 is provided further on the outer side than the gas channel 52 a located on the outermost side among the gas channels 52 a of the branch unit 52 connected to the main flow unit 51.
- the second source gas introduced from the introduction path 55 comes into contact with the main stream side wall AB and the straightness of the gas is reduced. For this reason, inflow of a large amount of gas into the tributary part 52 in the vicinity of the first introduction port 53 is suppressed, and the gas is uniformly distributed to each gas flow path 52a of the tributary part. As a result, the second source gas can be uniformly supplied into the chamber, and a deposited film can be formed on the substrate 10 with a uniform film thickness.
- the length D4 between the gas flow path 52a located at the endmost part connected to the main flow part 51 and the first introduction port 53 is set to be equal to or longer than the cross-sectional opening length D2 of the main flow part 51 described above.
- the second source gas can be evenly distributed to the gas flow paths 52a of the branch section 52.
- the second supply path 5 includes a main flow part 51 extending laterally in the upper and lower parts and a main flow part 51 in the upper and lower parts. And a tributary section 52 having a plurality of gas flow paths 52a extending in the illustrated vertical direction.
- the main flow part 51 is not connected to the second supply part 6, and the second supply part 6 is connected only to each gas flow path 52 a of the branch part 52.
- the main flow part 51 is connected to the introduction path 55 for introducing the second source gas into the main flow part 51 via the first introduction port 53, and further, via the branch part 52 and the second introduction port 54. Connected.
- the first introduction port 53 is provided further on the outer side than the gas flow path 52 a located on the outermost side among the gas flow paths 52 a of the tributary section 52 connected to the main flow section 51.
- the upper main flow part 51 has the first introduction port 53 and the second introduction port 54 on the lower surface side, and the gas passing through the cross section of the first introduction port 53 flows upward, and then the first introduction port. It contacts the side wall of the main flow part 51 facing 53, gas straightness is reduced, and then flows along the longitudinal direction of the main flow part 51. Then, the second source gas is uniformly distributed to each gas flow path 52a of the branch section 52.
- the introduction path 55 is divided into two hands from one pipe and connected to the two main flow sections 51, but is not particularly limited to the above configuration.
- the cross-sectional shapes of the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5 are not limited, and may be circular or polygonal.
- FIG. 6 which is shown in a sectional view similar to FIG. 2, the gas flow vertical cross-sectional area (flow-path cross-sectional area) of the gas flow path 52 a of the tributary section 52 is separated from the first introduction port 53.
- the source gas can be supplied into the chamber more uniformly.
- the tributary part 52 has one or more buffer spaces serving as a buffer part for the flow rate of the second source gas in the vertical direction, and a second supply part. It is preferable to have a multilayer structure combined with a supply space having 6.
- the first branch 521 is a buffer space
- the second branch 522 is a supply space.
- the first branch portion 521 and the second branch portion 522 serve as buffer spaces
- the third branch portion 523 serves as a supply space.
- Each of these tributaries is connected by a tributary connection port 56 (an opening through which the second source gas passes). In this way, by making the tributary part 52 have a multilayer structure, it is possible to supply gas from the second supply part 6 evenly.
- the number of branch connection ports 56 smaller than the number of the second supply units 6, and further, the opening cross-sectional area of the branch connection port 56 is set to the second supply unit. By making it smaller than the flow path cross-sectional area of 6, the gas can be further uniformly supplied from the second supply unit 6.
- a plurality of branch port connection ports 56 are not provided in the branch channel 52 at equal intervals, but are provided more on the center side than on the end side of the branch channel 52. Further, the gas is supplied uniformly from the second supply unit 6 with the second supply unit 6 provided at equal intervals by increasing the opening cross-sectional area of the branch unit connection port 56 toward the center of the branch unit 52. can do. As a result, a deposited film having a uniform film thickness distribution can be formed.
- the main flow part 51 may be connected to the introduction path 55 extending in the vertical direction.
- the flow direction of the gas passing through the cross section of the first introduction port 53 is a vertical direction
- the flow direction of the gas passing through the cross section of the second introduction port 54 is a horizontal direction.
- the second introduction port 54 may be provided in the vertical direction of the main flow part 51.
- the tributary part 52 extends downward from the main flow part 51 and then extends in the horizontal direction, so that the influence of the straightness of the gas is mitigated, and the gas is uniformly supplied to the plurality of gas flow paths 52a. It can flow.
- the tributary portion 52 may extend upward from the main flow portion 51.
- the gas can be uniformly supplied into the chamber by providing the first introduction ports 53 at both ends of the main flow part 51.
- the flow rate of gas supplied to each first introduction port 53 is controlled.
- the gas can be supplied into the chamber more uniformly.
- the flow rate control mechanism it is preferable to adjust the conductance of the introduction path 55 located upstream of the first introduction port 53, and the cross-sectional area of the introduction path 55 may be adjusted by a valve or a mass flow meter.
- the flow rate control mechanism is also made by adjusting the flow direction of the gas to the first introduction port 53, thereby mitigating the influence of the straight traveling property of the gas, and the tributary near the first introduction port 53. It is possible to reduce the flow of a large amount of gas through the gas flow path 52a of the part 52.
- the opening cross-sectional area of the second supply unit 6 may be widened toward the space 8 where plasma is generated. Accordingly, since the gas is supplied into the chamber 1 so as to diffuse around the second supply unit 6, the gas is uniformly supplied onto the base material 10 provided facing the second supply unit 6. Can do.
- the other main components are the same as those in FIG.
- a plurality of branch portions 52 having a plurality of gas flow paths are arranged side by side, and different main streams are respectively provided at both ends of the plurality of branch portions 52.
- the unit 51 may be connected.
- the plurality of first introduction ports 53 for introducing the raw material gas into the main flow part 51 are located further on the end side than the branch part 52 connected to the main flow part end side. Furthermore, at least two first introduction ports 53 may be provided to face each other. Even with such a configuration, the straightness of the gas is lost, and the gas can flow uniformly to the plurality of branch portions 52.
- the rectifying member 57 for changing the direction of the gas flow from the main flow portion 51 of the second source gas to the tributary portion 52 inside the main flow portion 51, the gas flow is further increased. Straightness is lost, and the gas can flow uniformly to the plurality of branch portions 52. Even if such a structure is employed, the second source gas can be prevented from flowing as a straight flow from the first inlet 53 to the second supply unit 6. At this time, the rectifying member 57 may be provided only in the vicinity of the first introduction port 53.
- the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 6 may be arranged in various patterns such as a lattice pattern or a staggered pattern. Further, the numbers of the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 6 may be different. When the gas flow rate of the first source gas is different from the gas flow rate of the second source gas, for example, when the gas flow rate of the first source gas is larger than the second source gas, the first supply unit 4 is more than the second supply unit 6. By increasing the number, the supply balance is maintained and the deposited film can be formed uniformly.
- the first supply path 3 and the second supply unit 5 may be connected to a gas adjusting unit that adjusts the flow rate, flow rate, temperature, and the like of the gas. Moreover, after providing the buffer space and mixing the gas supplied from each cylinder in the mixing region, the mixed gas is supplied from the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 6 via the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5. You may make it supply.
- the deposited film forming apparatus may have a structure in which a plurality of film forming chambers are provided.
- a film forming chamber for forming a p-type film for example, a film forming chamber for forming an i-type film, and a film forming chamber for forming an n-type film are included.
- productivity can be improved, and furthermore, a thin film solar with high conversion efficiency A battery can be manufactured.
- the deposited film forming method of the present embodiment is a method of forming a deposited film on the base material 10 disposed between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 2 using the above-described deposited film forming apparatus.
- the first source gas and the second source gas are supplied between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 2 to generate plasma, thereby forming a deposited film on the substrate 10. .
- the step of holding the substrate 10 on the first electrode 7, the step of applying high-frequency power to the second electrode 2, and the first source gas activated in the heated catalyst body 12 In the space 8 where plasma is generated between the first electrode 7 and the second electrode 2 by supplying the second source gas from the first supply unit 4 and from the second supply unit 6 toward the base material 10. And the step of activating.
- the first source gas and the second source gas activated through such a process are mixed in the space 8 where plasma is generated, and components in the source gas are deposited on the substrate 10. As a result, a deposited film with good quality is rapidly formed on the substrate 10.
- the base material 10 is transported by a base material transport mechanism (not shown) or the like and held on the first electrode 7. Then, it is fixed on the first electrode 7.
- the first source gas heated by the heating catalyst body 12 in the first supply path 3 and supplied only from the first supply unit 4 causes the first source gas whose temperature has been raised by the heating catalyst body 12 to generate plasma. Since it is supplied to the space 8, the higher-order silane generation reaction in the space 8 where plasma is generated by the gas heating effect is suppressed.
- the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film When the hydrogenated amorphous silicon film is formed, H 2 gas is supplied to the first supply path 3 and SiH 4 gas is supplied to the second supply path 5. Further, the gas pressure may be set to 50 to 700 Pa, the gas flow ratio of H 2 / SiH 4 may be set to 2/1 to 40/1, and the high frequency power density may be set to 0.02 to 0.2 W / cm 2 . In a pin junction thin film solar cell having an i-type amorphous silicon film, the film thickness of the i-type amorphous silicon film may be 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, preferably 0.15 to 0.3 ⁇ m.
- H 2 gas is supplied to the first supply path 3 and SiH 4 gas is supplied to the second supply path 5.
- the gas pressure may be set to 100 to 7000 Pa
- the gas flow ratio of H 2 / SiH 4 may be set to 10/1 to 200/1
- the high frequency power density may be set to 0.1 to 1 W / cm 2 .
- the film thickness of the i-type microcrystalline silicon film is 1 to 4 ⁇ m, preferably 1.5 to 3 ⁇ m, and the crystallization rate is about 70%. What is necessary is just to form.
- hydrogen gas first source gas
- first source gas hydrogen gas
- the flow rate of SiH 4 gas is much smaller than that of H 2 gas. For this reason, the gas pressure balance between the first supply unit 4 and the second supply unit 6 is not achieved, and it becomes difficult to uniformly supply the SiH 4 gas from each second supply unit 6, and the film thickness distribution is not good. Although there is a possibility of being uniform, such non-uniform film thickness distribution can be reduced by performing deposition using the deposited film forming apparatus of the embodiment.
- the gas pressure in the second supply path 5 is increased, SiH 4 gas can be uniformly ejected from the plurality of second supply units 6.
- the gas pressure in the second supply passage 5 (total pressure) is increased, can be uniformly ejected SiH 4 gas from the plurality of the second supply unit 6.
- the opening cross-sectional area of the second supply unit 6 may be increased toward the center of each gas flow path 52a of the tributary unit 52. As a result, the gas can be uniformly supplied from the second supply unit 6.
- the deposited film forming apparatus provided with the electrode and the base material 10 in the horizontal direction has been described. However, even if the deposited film forming apparatus provided with the electrode and the base material 10 in the vertical direction is used, a uniform film is formed. A deposited film having a thickness distribution can be formed.
- a plurality of source gases are divided into the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5 without using the heating catalyst body 12. It may be a case of introducing.
- the plurality of supply parts among the first supply part 4 and the second supply part 6 provided in the second electrode 2 are configured such that, for example, the cross-sectional area of the flow path is wide at the outlet of these gases.
- the first supply unit 4 having a space for generating a hollow cathode discharge and the second supply unit 6 that does not generate a hollow cathode discharge or generates a small amount of discharge are included. May be.
- the hollow cathode discharge is a kind of glow discharge, in which electrons reciprocate due to electrostatic confinement, and the energy of the electrons is used for plasma generation, and the plasma density becomes extremely high. .
- the first supply unit 4 of the second electrode 2 has a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis in the depth direction as the depth increases, that is, from the first electrode 7. For example, it is formed in a taper shape or a step shape so that the cross-sectional area decreases as the distance increases. For this reason, a hollow cathode discharge is generated at a position at an arbitrary depth in the recess according to the atmospheric pressure in the discharge space. Further, the first source gas can further promote the decomposition of the first source gas by the high density plasma of the hollow cathode discharge in the first supply unit 4.
- the activation of the first source gas can be further promoted, and excessive decomposition of the second source gas can be reduced.
- the decomposition of the first source gas can be further promoted by the heating by the medium 12 and the high density plasma of the hollow cathode discharge. As a result, a high-quality deposited film can be formed on the substrate 10 at a sufficiently high speed.
- a SiC-based wide gap film such as a-SiC (amorphous silicon carbide)
- the first supply section having a space for generating a hollow cathode discharge is provided.
- H 2 gas is supplied to the first supply path 3
- silane (SiH 4 ) gas and CH 4 gas are supplied to the second supply path 5.
- H 2 gas and CH 4 gas are supplied to the first supply path 3.
- Silane (SiH 4 ) gas is supplied to the second supply path 5.
- the deposition film forming conditions may be set such that the gas pressure is set to 100 to 700 Pa and the high frequency power density is set to 0.01 to 0.1 W / cm 2 .
- the SiC-based wide gap film is used as a light incident side window layer of a solar cell.
- the thickness of the p-type amorphous silicon carbide film is 0.005 to 0.03 ⁇ m, preferably 0.01 to 0.02 ⁇ m. do it.
- the SiC wide gap film can also be used as a photoactive layer (i-type layer).
- the heating catalyst body 12 is provided in the first supply path 3 in forming the SiGe narrow gap film such as a-SiGe (amorphous silicon germanium), the first supply unit 4 having a space for generating a hollow cathode discharge.
- H 2 gas is supplied to the first supply path 3 and Ge-based gas such as silane (SiH 4 ) gas and germane (GeH 4 ) gas is supplied to the second supply path 5 regardless of the presence or absence.
- H 2 gas and SiH 4 gas are supplied to the first supply path 3.
- a Ge-based gas is supplied to the second supply path 5.
- the deposition film forming conditions may be that the gas pressure is set to 100 to 700 Pa and the high frequency power density is set to 0.01 to 0.2 W / cm 2 .
- the SiGe narrow gap film is used to absorb light having a long wavelength that cannot be absorbed by the Si film.
- the film thickness of the i-type amorphous silicon germanium film is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m. May be formed to 0.15 to 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the i-type microcrystalline silicon germanium film is 1 to 4 ⁇ m, preferably 1 It may be formed to 5 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the thin-film solar cell formed using the above-described manufacturing method is formed with a high-quality film at high speed, it is possible to produce a solar cell with high productivity and high conversion efficiency.
- a thin film solar cell for example, a tandem structure in which a semiconductor made of an amorphous silicon film and a semiconductor made of a microcrystalline silicon film are laminated from the light receiving surface side, a semiconductor made of an amorphous silicon film and an amorphous silicon germanium film are used. And a triple structure in which a semiconductor made of a microcrystalline silicon film, a semiconductor made of an amorphous silicon film, a semiconductor made of a microcrystalline silicon film, and a semiconductor made of a microcrystalline silicon germanium film are stacked. In addition, it is only necessary that at least one of the semiconductors can be formed by the above manufacturing method.
- the deposited film forming apparatus S ⁇ b> 1 includes a chamber 1, a first electrode 7 disposed below the chamber 1, a base material 10 disposed on the first electrode 7, and a first electrode 7. And a second electrode 2 disposed to face each other.
- the second electrode 2 is provided with a plurality of first supply sections 4 and second supply sections, which are connected to the first supply path 3 and the second supply path 5, respectively.
- a medium 12 is provided.
- the second supply path 5 has two main flow portions 51 extending in the horizontal direction and a plurality of gases extending in the vertical direction by connecting the two main flow portions 51 to each other when viewed in plan.
- the flow direction of the gas passing through the cross section of the first introduction port 53 and the flow direction of the gas passing through the cross section of the second introduction port 54 are 180 degrees opposite to each other.
- the straightness of the gas flow is reduced on the inner wall surface of the main flow portion 51 on the side facing the second introduction port 54.
- the second supply path 5 of the deposited film forming apparatus of the comparative example connects the two main flow portions 51 extending in the horizontal direction and the two main flow portions 51 when viewed in plan.
- the source gas introduced from the first introduction port 53 flows into the gas flow path 52a of the tributary part 52 while maintaining its straightness. It has a structure to do.
- an i-type microcrystalline silicon film was formed on the base material 10 using the deposited film forming apparatus S1.
- various setting conditions for forming the i-type microcrystalline silicon film were such that the gas pressure in the chamber was 800 Pa and the heating temperature of the base material was 190 ° C.
- the supply amount of SiH 4 gas introduced into the chamber is 3.94 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 Pa ⁇ m 3 / s (25 sccm), and the supply amount of H 2 gas is 1.57 Pa ⁇ m 3 / s (1000 sccm). ).
- the film thickness non-uniformity of the i-type microcrystalline silicon film formed on a 25 cm ⁇ 25 cm glass substrate was evaluated.
- the film thickness distribution non-uniformity when the deposited film forming apparatus of the comparative example is used is ⁇ 20.47%, whereas the film thickness distribution non-uniformity when the deposited film forming apparatus of the present embodiment is used is ⁇ 7. It was greatly improved to 79%.
- the i-type microcrystalline silicon film is thicker on the central branch line located near the first introduction port 53, and the film thickness is thinner toward the left and right ends. It was.
- the i-type microcrystalline silicon film had a uniform film thickness almost entirely.
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Abstract
Description
チャンバーと、
前記チャンバー内に位置している第1電極と、
前記チャンバー内に前記第1電極と所定間隔を隔てて位置している第2電極とを備え、
該第2電極は、前記第1電極と前記第2電極との間の空間に第1原料ガスを供給する第1供給部と、前記空間に第2原料ガスを供給する複数の第2供給部と、前記第1供給部に接続されて前記第1原料ガスが導入される第1供給経路と、前記第2供給部に接続されて前記第2原料ガスが導入される第2供給経路とを有する堆積膜形成装置であって、
前記第2供給経路は、前記第2原料ガスが導入される第1導入口を有する本流部と、該本流部から前記第2原料ガスが導入される第2導入口を有した複数のガス流路を有する支流部とを備えており、
該支流部の複数の前記ガス流路のそれぞれには複数の前記第2供給部が接続されており、
前記本流部および前記支流部は、前記第2原料ガスが前記第1導入口から前記第2供給部にまで直進流として流入しない構造を有していることを特徴とする。
前記第1電極と前記第2電極との間に、前記第1原料ガスおよび前記第2原料ガスを供給してプラズマを発生させて、前記基材の上に堆積膜を形成することを特徴とする。
図1に示すように、堆積膜形成装置S1は、チャンバー1と、チャンバー1内に位置する第1電極7と、チャンバー1内に第1電極7と所定間隔を隔てて位置しており、シャワー電極として機能する第2電極2とを有する。また、堆積膜が形成される基材10が第1電極7と第2電極2との間に配置されている。なお、基材10は、第1電極7と第2電極2との間に位置させるようにすればよく、基材10が第1電極7で保持される態様に限定されない。
1) SiH4+SiH2→Si2H6
2) Si2H6+SiH2→Si3H8
・・・以下、同様なSiH2挿入反応が続く・・・
といった、SiH2挿入反応によって高分子重合体が生成していく反応である。
本実施形態の堆積膜の形成方法は、上述の堆積膜形成装置を用いて、第1電極7と第2電極2との間に配置した基材10の上に堆積膜を形成する方法であり、第1電極7と第2電極2との間に、第1原料ガスおよび第2原料ガスを供給してプラズマを発生させて、基材10の上に堆積膜を形成することを特徴とする。
2 :第2電極
3 :第1供給経路
4 :第1供給部
5 :第2供給経路
51 :本流部
52 :支流部
53 :第1導入口
54 :第2導入口
55 :導入経路
56 :支流部接続口
57 :整流部材
6 :第2供給部
7 :第1電極
8 :空間
10 :基材
12 :加熱触媒体
Claims (14)
- チャンバーと、
前記チャンバー内に位置している第1電極と、
前記チャンバー内に前記第1電極と所定間隔を隔てて位置している第2電極とを備え、
該第2電極は、前記第1電極と前記第2電極との間の空間に第1原料ガスを供給する第1供給部と、前記空間に第2原料ガスを供給する複数の第2供給部と、前記第1供給部に接続されて前記第1原料ガスが導入される第1供給経路と、前記第2供給部に接続されて前記第2原料ガスが導入される第2供給経路とを有する堆積膜形成装置であって、
前記第2供給経路は、前記第2原料ガスが導入される第1導入口を有する本流部と、該本流部から前記第2原料ガスが導入される第2導入口を有した複数のガス流路を有する支流部とを備えており、
該支流部の複数の前記ガス流路のそれぞれには複数の前記第2供給部が接続されており、
前記本流部および前記支流部は、前記第2原料ガスが前記第1導入口から前記第2供給部にまで直進流として流入しない構造を有していることを特徴とする堆積膜形成装置。 - 前記第2原料ガスが前記第1導入口から前記第2供給部にまで直進流として流入しない構造は、前記支流部の1つのガス流路において、前記第1導入口と前記第2導入口とを結ぶ直線上に、前記1つのガス流路に接続されている前記第2供給部の入口が位置していない構造であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記第2原料ガスが前記第1導入口から前記第2供給部にまで直進流として流入しない構造は、前記本流部の長手方向において、前記第1導入口と前記第2導入口との距離が本流部の断面開口長以上としている構造であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記第2原料ガスが前記第1導入口から前記第2供給部にまで直進流として流入しない構造は、前記本流部内に前記第2原料ガスの前記本流部から前記支流部へのガス流の向きを変える整流部材が設けられている構造であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記支流部が複数並んで配置され、複数の該支流部の両端のそれぞれに異なる前記本流部が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記第1供給経路に加熱触媒体が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記第1供給部は、ホローカソード放電が生じうるように、前記第1供給部の出口において流路断面積が広くなっていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記支流部の前記ガス流路は、前記第1導入口から離れるに従って流路断面積が広くなっていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記支流部は、前記第2原料ガスの流速に対する緩衝部となる、前記第2原料ガスが通過する開口を複数有した緩衝空間を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記緩衝空間の前記開口の個数は、前記第2供給部の数よりも少ないことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記緩衝空間の前記開口の断面積は、前記第2供給部の流路断面積よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記支流部を平面視したときに、前記緩衝空間の前記開口が前記支流部の両端側よりも中央側に多く設けられていることを特徴とする請求項9乃至11のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 前記支流部を平面視したときに、前記ガス流路の開口断面積が前記支流部の中央に位置しているガス流路に向かうに従って広くなっていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置。
- 請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の堆積膜形成装置を用いて、前記第1電極と前記第2電極との間に配置した基材の上に堆積膜を形成する堆積膜形成方法であって、
前記第1電極と前記第2電極との間に、前記第1原料ガスおよび前記第2原料ガスを供給してプラズマを発生させて、前記基材の上に堆積膜を形成することを特徴とする堆積膜形成方法。
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US13/381,035 US20120100311A1 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-30 | Apparatus for forming deposited film and method for forming deposited film |
EP10812041A EP2471973A1 (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-30 | Apparatus for forming deposited film and method for forming deposited film |
JP2011528891A JP5430662B2 (ja) | 2009-08-28 | 2010-08-30 | 堆積膜形成装置および堆積膜形成方法 |
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EP2309023A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2011-04-13 | Kyocera Corporation | Deposition film forming apparatus and deposition film forming method |
KR20120002795A (ko) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-01-09 | 주성엔지니어링(주) | 피딩라인의 차폐수단을 가지는 전원공급수단 및 이를 포함한 기판처리장치 |
CN109576669A (zh) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-05 | 北京建筑大学 | 一种空心阴极放电系统及制备类金刚石薄膜的方法 |
KR102704235B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-17 | 2024-09-09 | 가부시키가이샤 웰콘 | 기화기 및 그 제조 방법 |
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CN102471886A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
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