WO2011040539A1 - グリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質、グリシドール脂肪酸エステルを低減する方法 - Google Patents
グリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質、グリシドール脂肪酸エステルを低減する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011040539A1 WO2011040539A1 PCT/JP2010/067110 JP2010067110W WO2011040539A1 WO 2011040539 A1 WO2011040539 A1 WO 2011040539A1 JP 2010067110 W JP2010067110 W JP 2010067110W WO 2011040539 A1 WO2011040539 A1 WO 2011040539A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fats
- oils
- glyceride
- chloropropanols
- fatty acid
- Prior art date
Links
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- -1 glycidol fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- RZWHKKIXMPLQEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloropropan-1-ol Chemical class CCC(O)Cl RZWHKKIXMPLQEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- SSZWWUDQMAHNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CCl SSZWWUDQMAHNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical group CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N D-araboascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-DUZGATOHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004318 erythorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010350 erythorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940026239 isoascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LAMUXTNQCICZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropan-1-ol Chemical class OCCCCl LAMUXTNQCICZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OUQGOXCIUOCDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidyl stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC1CO1 OUQGOXCIUOCDNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001793 charged compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940099690 malic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013555 soy sauce Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000048 toxicity data Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS OR COOKING OILS
- A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils
- A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings or cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/04—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
- C11B3/14—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation with the use of indifferent gases or vapours, e.g. steam
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for reducing chloropropanols, their forming substances, and glycidol fatty acid esters in glyceride fats and oils.
- Chloropropanol is a general term for substances in which chlorine is bonded to propanol, but 3-chloropropanediol, which is one of these substances, has conventionally been produced in small quantities as a by-product when mainly producing amino acid solutions such as soy sauce. In addition, it is said that it is formed by the presence of lipids and salt in the process of cooking food.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 are examples of edible fats and oils in which 3-chloropropanediol and glycidol are combined with fatty acids.
- Glycidol is a compound obtained by dehydration condensation at positions 1 and 2 of glycerol to form an epoxide.
- Non Patent Literature 3 glycidol fatty acid esters are present as forming substances in the process of producing chloropropanols in glyceride oils.
- Rudiger Weisshaar / Fatty acid esters of 3-MCPD Overview of occurrence in different types of foods (ILSI Europe Workshop in association with the European Commission: 5-6 February 2009 Brussels, Belgium) (http://europe.ilsi.org/ NR / rdonlyres / A1D194E7-BFA2-4A23-A673-15F1905300D5 / 0 / Speaker6Weisshaar.pdf)
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing 3-chloropropanediol, 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester, which is a chloropropanol, and glycidol fatty acid ester, which is a forming substance thereof, in glyceride fats and oils.
- the present inventors have mixed glyceride oils and fats that have undergone decolorization and deodorization processes with silica gel and / or basic activated carbon treatment or mixed with an organic acid aqueous solution, and dehydrated at 50 to 180 ° C. under reduced pressure. Or, after mixing with the solvent, by removing the low melting point fraction of the solvent or solvent and glyceride oil, the chloropropanols in the glyceride oil and the glycidol fatty acid ester which is the forming substance can be reduced.
- the present inventors have found that the glycidol fatty acid ester in the glyceride fats and oils can be reduced by contacting the glyceride fats and acids that have undergone the process and completed the present invention.
- the present invention is (1) a method of reducing chloropropanols and their forming substances in glyceride oils and fats, characterized by treating silica gel and / or basic activated carbon with glyceride oils and fats that have undergone decolorization and deodorization steps (2) A method for reducing chloropropanols and their forming substances in glyceride oils and fats, characterized by mixing glyceride oils and fats and organic acid aqueous solutions that have undergone decolorization and deodorization processes and dehydrating them at 50 to 180 ° C.
- a method for reducing chloropropanols in glyceride fats and substances forming the same, by removing the low melting point fraction of the solvent or solvent and glyceride fats after mixing the glyceride fats and oils that have undergone decolorization and deodorization steps with the solvent ( 4) Glycidol fatty acid in glyceride fats and oils, characterized in that glyceride fats and oils that have undergone decolorization and deodorization steps are brought into contact with acid.
- the pH of basic activated carbon is 9 or more (1)
- the organic acid is ascorbic acid (2)
- the solvent is a polar solvent ( 3)
- the polar solvent is ethanol (7)
- the acid is a solid acidic substance and / or acid aqueous solution (4)
- the solid acidic substance is acidic
- the method according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the glyceride fats and oils that have been subjected to the decolorization and deodorization steps are white clay, activated clay, and acidic activated carbon (11).
- 3-chloropropanediol and 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester which are chloropropanols in glyceride fats and oils, and glycidol fatty acid ester which is a forming substance thereof can be reduced.
- the fats and oils used in the present invention are soybean oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, rice oil, olive oil, palm oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil, which have undergone purification processes such as decolorization and deodorization, although it can apply also to edible refined fats and oils, such as sesame oil, beef tallow, pork fat, and fish oil, among these, it can apply preferably to palm system fats and oils.
- the method of the present invention comprises treating glyceride oils and fats that have undergone decolorization and deodorization processes with silica gel and / or basic activated carbon to produce 3-chloropropanediol and 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid esters that are chloropropanols in glyceride oils and fats and the like.
- the basic activated carbon is a hydrophobic activated carbon activated at a high temperature of 500 ° C. or higher. By using basic activated carbon, Chloropropanols and their forming substances can be reduced.
- the pH of the basic activated carbon is preferably 9 or more, more preferably pH 10 or more.
- activated carbon having a stronger basicity is used, chloropropanols in glyceride fats and substances forming the same The effect of reducing etc. is high.
- the pH of the activated carbon can be measured by the method described in JIS K 1474 “Activated carbon test method”.
- silica gel and / or activated carbon treatment in the present invention 0.1 to 5% by weight of silica gel and / or activated carbon is added to glyceride oil and fat, and the mixture is heated under reduced pressure at 50 to 150 ° C. for a certain time.
- a method of stirring and contacting can be exemplified.
- the glyceride fats and oils that have been subjected to the decolorization and deodorization steps are mixed with an organic acid aqueous solution and dehydrated under reduced pressure, whereby 3-chloropropanediol and 3-chloropropane, which are chloropropanols in the glyceride fats and oils.
- Diol fatty acid ester and glycidol fatty acid ester which is a substance forming the diol fatty acid ester can be reduced, but as the organic acid used in the present invention, ascorbic acid, erythorbic acid, acetic acid or malic acid is good. It may be used generally for use, and can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, ascorbic acid is preferably used.
- a prescribed amount of a 1% ascorbic acid aqueous solution is added to a glyceride oil heated to 70 ° C., and a reduced pressure of 50 to 180 ° C. and 0.5 to 100 Torr.
- chloropropanols and substances forming the same in glyceride oils and fats can be reduced.
- the concentration of the organic acid aqueous solution can be 0.1 to 22%, and preferably 1 to 10%. If the amount is less than the lower limit, the amount of water relative to the fat increases and the efficiency becomes poor. When the upper limit is exceeded, organic acid crystals may precipitate, which is not preferable.
- the temperature can be 50 to 180 ° C. If the temperature is less than the lower limit, it takes a long time for dehydration, resulting in poor efficiency. On the other hand, if the upper limit is exceeded, the organic acid is decomposed and the effect becomes poor.
- the decompression condition can be performed under a condition of 0.5 to 100 Torr, and it is preferably as low as possible.
- the glyceride oil / fat that has undergone the decolorization and deodorization steps is mixed with a solvent, and then the low melting point fraction of the solvent or the solvent and the glyceride oil / fat is removed to remove 3-chloropropanols in the glyceride oil / fat.
- chloropropanediol, 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester and its forming substance glycidol fatty acid ester, etc. and to chloropropanols, 3-chloropropane, which is a low melting point fraction of solvent mixed with glyceride fat and oil
- chloropropanols in glyceride fats and oils, 3-chloropropanediol and 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester And the like can be reduced glycidol fatty acid ester which is a forming material.
- the method of removing the low melting point fraction is to remove the low melting point fraction by mixing the glyceride oil and the solvent and then cooling and crystallization to fractionate the liquid fraction. it can.
- the solvent can be removed by mixing the glyceride oil and the solvent and then separating the separated solvent layer and further removing the solvent by distillation under reduced pressure. You may deodorize and refine
- the solvent to be mixed with the glyceride oil is preferably a polar solvent.
- a polar solvent By using the polar solvent, separation and removal after mixing with the glyceride oil are facilitated.
- the polar solvent is preferably ethanol, and by using ethanol, after mixing with glyceride fats and oils, it is only necessary to remove ethanol without having to remove the low melting point fraction of glyceride fats and oils.
- Propanols such as 3-chloropropanediol, 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester and glycidol fatty acid ester which is a forming substance thereof can be efficiently reduced.
- the glyceride fats and oils obtained by the method of the present invention have a reduced content of 3-chloropropanediol and 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid esters that are chloropropanols, and glycidol fatty acid esters that form the chloropropanols.
- the content of propanols and glycidol fatty acid esters which are substances forming the propanols is measured by the following method with reference to the following literature. (Determination of total 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in editable oils by cleavage of MCPD esters with sodium method. Eur. J. Lipid Sci.
- 0.1 g of fat / oil is dissolved in 1 ml of t-butyl methyl ether, 250 ⁇ l of 20 ⁇ g / ml internal standard substance (3-MCPD-d 5 ethyl acetate solution) is added, and NaOCH 3 solution (0.5 mol / l NaOCH 3 in MeOH) is added. Mix with 1 ml and let stand at room temperature for 10 minutes. Subsequently, 3 ml of hexane, 3 ml of NaCl solution (NaCl 200 g / water 1 l) and 0.1 ml of glacial acetic acid are added, and after stirring, the upper layer is removed.
- the upper layer is subjected to GS-MS analysis.
- GC-MS is quantified using molecular ion peaks m / z 196 (3-MCPD) and m / z 201 (3-MCPD-d 5 ).
- the above method is adopted as a method for measuring 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester and glycidol fatty acid ester, which is a forming substance, in Germany (Deutsche Gesellchaft fur Fettsch: DGF). Hydrolyzes 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester and its forming substance glycidol fatty acid ester in fats and oils, all 3-chloropropanediol fatty acid ester and its forming substance glycidol fatty acid ester as 3-MCPD Measuring. “With this method, another compounds forming 3-MCPD under the conditions of the anomalous areal and detected three-MCPD esters”. (Ester-bound 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD esters) and 3-MCPD forming subnets: DGF Standard Methods Section C-Fats / C-III 18 (09))
- the method for reducing glycidol fatty acid esters in glyceride fats and oils of the present invention is characterized in that the glyceride fats and oils that have undergone decoloring and deodorizing steps are brought into contact with an acid, but the solid acidic substance used in the present invention is acidic clay.
- the solid acidic substance used in the present invention is acidic clay.
- Activated clay, acidic activated carbon, zeolite, cation exchange resin and the like may be those generally used for foods and pharmaceuticals, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, activated clay and acidic activated carbon are preferably used.
- Examples of the acid aqueous solution used in the present invention include phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, erythorbic acid, acetic acid, malic acid and the like. These may be those generally used for foods and pharmaceuticals, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the glycidol fatty acid ester in the glyceride fat can be reduced by, for example, contacting with activated clay, treating at 50 to 180 ° C. with stirring for 1 minute to 1 hour, and then dehydrating.
- the method of the present invention for example, it is brought into contact with an acid aqueous solution of 0.1% to saturated concentration, preferably 5 to 50%, treated at 50 to 180 ° C. with stirring for 1 minute to 1 hour, and then dehydrated.
- an acid aqueous solution of 0.1% to saturated concentration preferably 5 to 50%
- the glycidol fatty acid ester in the glyceride oil can be reduced.
- the glyceride fat may be further purified by decolorization, deodorization, etc. after the acid contact, but it is preferably performed at a low temperature, and deodorization is particularly preferably performed at 230 ° C. or lower.
- the glyceride fatty acid obtained by the method of the present invention has a reduced glycidol fatty acid ester content.
- the glycidol fatty acid ester content is measured by the following method.
- Acid ester precursor ion m / z 330, product ion m / z 313 (glycidol palmitate).
- the detection limit is 0.5 ppm.
- % in an example means a basis of weight.
- Comparative Example 2 3% by weight of phosphoric acid activated activated carbon (pH 3.4) was added to the refined palm oil obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the mixture was stirred at 110 ° C. and 20 Torr for 10 minutes to perform activated carbon treatment.
- the content of chloropropanols and the forming substances in the refined palm oil after the activated carbon treatment was 7.4 ppm.
- RBD palm olein (iodine value: 67) was added with 2% by weight of white clay, decolorized at 110 ° C. and 20 Torr for 10 minutes, and then deodorized at 250 ° C. and 2 Torr for 90 minutes. 0.03% by weight of 1% ascorbic acid aqueous solution was added to and mixed with the edible palm olein, and dehydration was performed for 20 minutes with stirring under reduced pressure conditions of 70 ° C. and 40 Torr. The content of chloropropanols and their forming substances in the edible palm olein after the dehydration treatment was 3.0 ppm.
- Purified palm olein (iodine number: 56 / content of chloropropanols and its forming substances: 7.3 ppm) is mixed with 80% by weight (product temperature: 40 ° C.) and 20% by weight of hexane, followed by crystallization at ⁇ 20 ° C. for 1 hour. After crystallization, the liquid fraction was removed. In the obtained crystal fraction (yield 36.6%), the content of chloropropanols and substances forming the same was 2.1 ppm.
- RBD palm oil (iodine value: 52) obtained in Comparative Example 4 and 2% by weight of activated clay were contacted at 110 ° C. and 20 Torr for 10 minutes.
- the content of glycidol fatty acid ester in the RBD palm oil after contact was below the detection limit.
- RBD palm oil (iodine number: 52) obtained in Comparative Example 4 and 2% by weight of acidic activated carbon were contacted at 110 ° C. and 20 Torr for 10 minutes.
- the RBD palm oil obtained in Comparative Example 4 (iodine value: 52) and 0.03% by weight of a 10% ascorbic acid aqueous solution were contacted at 70 ° C. and 40 Torr, and then subjected to a dehydration treatment for 20 minutes.
- the content of glycidol fatty acid ester in the RBD palm oil after contact was below the detection limit.
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Abstract
Description
(1)脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂を、シリカゲル及び/又は塩基性活性炭処理することを特徴とする、グリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質を低減する方法
(2)脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂と有機酸水溶液を混合し、50~180℃、減圧下で脱水することを特徴とする、グリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質を低減する方法
(3)脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂を溶媒と混合後、溶媒又は溶媒とグリセリド油脂の低融点画分を除去することを特徴とする、グリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質を低減する方法
(4)脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂を酸と接触させることを特徴とする、グリセリド油脂中のグリシドール脂肪酸エステルを低減する方法
(5)塩基性活性炭のpHが9以上である(1)記載の方法
(6)有機酸がアスコルビン酸である(2)記載の方法
(7)溶媒が極性溶媒である(3)記載の方法
(8)極性溶媒がエタノールである(7)記載の方法
(9)酸が固体酸性物質及び/又は酸水溶液である(4)記載の方法
(10)固体酸性物質が、酸性白土、活性白土、酸性活性炭である(4)又は(9)記載の方法
(11)脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂がパーム系油脂である(1)~(8)いずれかに記載の方法
(12)(2)又は(6)記載の方法で得られる、クロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量が4ppm以下であるヨウ素価57以上の精製パーム油
(13)(2)又は(6)記載の方法で得られる、クロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量が5ppm以下であるヨウ素価65以上のパームオレイン
である。
(Determination of total 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) in edible oils by cleavage of MCPD esters with sodium methoxide. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 2008, 110,:183-186)
続いて、ヘキサン 3ml、NaCl 溶液(NaCl 200g/水 1l)3ml、氷酢酸 0.1mlを添加し、攪拌後、上層を除去する。
さらに、ヘキサン 3mlを添加、攪拌後、上層を除去する。
そして、フェニルボロン酸溶液(フェニルボロン酸1gをアセトン:水=19:1 4mlに溶解)を添加、攪拌後、80℃、20分放置し、室温に放冷後、ヘキサン 2mlを添加、攪拌し、上層をGS-MS分析に供する。
なお、GC-MSについては、分子イオンピークm/z 196(3-MCPD)、m/z 201(3-MCPD-d5)を用いて定量する。
「With this method, other compounds forming 3-MCPD under the conditions of analysis are also detected. The most important 3-MCPD esters forming compounds is glycidol (oxirane-2-methanol).」
(Ester-bound 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol(3-MCPD esters) and 3-MCPD forming substances:DGF Standard Methods Section C-Fats/C-III 18(09))
なお、LC/MS/MSについては、ポジティブイオンモードで前駆イオンm/z 358、プロダクトイオンm/z 341(グリシドールステアリン酸エステル)、前駆イオンm/z 356、プロダクトイオンm/z 339(グリシドールオレイン酸エステル)、前駆イオンm/z 330、プロダクトイオンm/z 313(グリシドールパルミチン酸エステル)を用いて定量する。なお、検出限界は0.5ppmである。
精製パーム油(ヨウ素価:53)に、白土2重量%添加し、110℃、20Torrで10分間脱色し、続いて、250℃、2Torrで90分間脱臭処理を行った。
得られた精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、6.5ppmであった。
吸着剤処理後の、精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、4.8ppmであった。
活性炭処理後の、精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、4.7ppmであった。
活性炭処理後の、精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、4.5ppmであった。
比較例1で得られた精製パーム油に、燐酸賦活活性炭(pH3.4)3重量%添加し、110℃、20Torrで10分間攪拌し、活性炭処理を行った。
活性炭処理後の、精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、7.4ppmであった。
RBDパームオレイン(ヨウ素価:67)に、白土2重量%添加し、110℃、20Torrで10分間脱色し、続いて、250℃、2Torrで90分間脱臭処理を行った。
得られた食用パームオレイン中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、7.0ppmであった。
得られた食用パームオレインに対し1%アスコルビン酸水溶液を0.03重量%加えて混合し、70℃、40Torrの減圧条件下で、攪拌しながら20分間脱水処理を行った。
脱水処理後の食用パームオレイン中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、3.0ppmであった。
得られた精製パーム油に対し酢酸を0.4重量%加えて混合し、70℃、40Torrの減圧条件下で、攪拌しながら20分間脱水処理を行った。
脱水処理後の精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は、5.3ppmであった。
得られた精製パーム油に対して、等重量のエタノールを添加し、攪拌後、エタノールを分離し、さらに減圧留去した。
エタノール除去後の、精製パーム油中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は4.5ppmであった。
得られた結晶画分(収率36.6%)中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は2.1ppmであった。
得られた結晶画分(収率78%)中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量は0.9ppmであった。
粗パーム油に活性白土1重量%添加し、110℃、20Torrで10分間脱色し、続いて、250℃、2Torrで90分間脱臭処理を行って得られるRBDパーム油中のグリシドール脂肪酸エステルの含量は、3.5ppmであった。
接触後のRBDパーム油中のグリシドール脂肪酸エステルの含量は、検出限界以下であった。
接触後のRBDパーム油中のグリシドール脂肪酸エステルの含量は、検出限界以下であった。
接触後のRBDパーム油中のグリシドール脂肪酸エステルの含量は、検出限界以下であった。
Claims (13)
- 脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂を、シリカゲル及び/又は塩基性活性炭処理することを特徴とするグリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質を低減する方法。
- 脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂と有機酸水溶液を混合し、50~180℃、減圧下で脱水することを特徴とするグリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質を低減する方法。
- 脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂を溶媒と混合後、溶媒又は溶媒とグリセリド油脂の低融点画分を除去することを特徴とするグリセリド油脂中のクロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質を低減する方法。
- 脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂を酸と接触させることを特徴とするグリセリド油脂中のグリシドール脂肪酸エステルを低減する方法。
- 塩基性活性炭のpHが9以上である請求項1記載の方法。
- 有機酸がアスコルビン酸である請求項2記載の方法。
- 溶媒が極性溶媒である請求項3記載の方法。
- 極性溶媒がエタノールである請求項7記載の方法。
- 酸が固体酸性物質及び/又は酸水溶液である請求項4記載の方法。
- 固体酸性物質が、酸性白土、活性白土、酸性活性炭である請求項4又は9記載の方法。
- 脱色、脱臭工程を経たグリセリド油脂がパーム系油脂である請求項1~8いずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項2又は6記載の方法で得られる、クロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量が4ppm以下であるヨウ素価57以上の精製パーム油。
- 請求項2又は6記載の方法で得られる、クロロプロパノール類及びその形成物質の含量が5ppm以下であるヨウ素価65以上のパームオレイン。
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- 2010-09-30 WO PCT/JP2010/067110 patent/WO2011040539A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5803671B2 (ja) | 2015-11-04 |
KR101795819B1 (ko) | 2017-11-09 |
EP2471897A1 (en) | 2012-07-04 |
EP2471897B1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
JPWO2011040539A1 (ja) | 2013-02-28 |
DK2471897T3 (en) | 2018-01-15 |
KR20120091025A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
EP2471897A4 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
MY158557A (en) | 2016-10-14 |
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