WO2010110329A1

WO2010110329A1 - Offshore wind power plant and construction method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2010110329A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/055106
Authority: WO
Inventors: 小林　修; 郁佐藤; 禎久野本; 耕作村野; 山中　典幸
Original assignee: 戸田建設株式会社; 日本ヒューム株式会社
Priority date: 2009-03-24
Filing date: 2010-03-24
Publication date: 2010-09-30
Also published as: JP2010223113A; JP5330048B2

Abstract

Disclosed is an offshore wind power plant having such advantages that the offshore wind power plant can be easily and safely assembled on the sea, maintenance can be facilitated, and safety can be ensured at the time of strong wind or a surge. An offshore wind power plant comprises a floating body (2), a deck (3) which is installed above the floating body (2), mooring cables (4, 4,...) connected to the deck (3), a tower (5) installed upright on the deck (3), and a naselle (6) and a plurality of wind turbine blades (7, 7,...) provided at the top of the tower (5), wherein the floating body (2) has a spar-type floating structure with a bottomed hollow portion opened at the upper end thereof in which precast cylindrical bodies (10-14) made of concrete are stacked multiple stages in the height direction and fastened tightly by means of a PC steel material and integrated, the tower (5) can be elevated or lowered freely by a tower hoist (8) provided on the deck (3) during construction, and can be housed in the floating body (2).

Description

Offshore wind power generation facility and its construction method

The present invention relates to a spar-type offshore wind power generation facility installed on a relatively deep sea and a construction method thereof.

Conventionally, power generation methods such as hydropower, thermal power, and nuclear power generation have been mainly employed, but in recent years, wind power generation that generates power using natural wind has attracted attention in terms of effective use of the environment and natural energy. There are two types of wind power generation facilities: land-based and water-based (mainly sea-based). In Japan, where mountainous landforms are located behind the coast, there are few plains where stable wind can be expected in the coast. It is in. On the other hand, Japan is surrounded on all sides by the sea, and it has the advantage that the wind suitable for power generation can be easily obtained and there are few restrictions on installation. In recent years, therefore, many offshore wind power generation facilities or floating structures have been proposed.

For example, in Patent Document 1 below, a wind power generator is proposed in which a floating body that floats on a plane triangular water is formed by combining hollow square columnar structures, and a wind turbine for power generation is provided thereon. This floating body floats on the surface of the water and is called “pontoon type”.

Further, in Patent Document 2 below, a plurality of floating body portions on which articles are placed, and a longitudinal shape that connects each floating body portion to an outer end extending in a horizontal radial direction by connecting an inner end to a predetermined center. There has been proposed a floating body structure including a connecting portion made of a rigid body and a tension portion that generates a tensile force between the floating body portions.

In the following Patent Document 3, a plurality of floating body portions floating in water, a connecting portion made of a rigid body that connects the floating body portions in an annular shape, mooring means for anchoring an annular substantially central portion on the water bottom, and the position of the floating body portion A position detecting means for detecting a tidal current, a tidal current detecting means for detecting a tidal current, a rudder attached to a plurality of floating bodies in a manner in which the angle is variable with respect to the tidal current, and adjusting the angle of each rudder with respect to the tidal current There has been proposed a floating body structure including a position control unit that varies the position of each floating body centering around an annular substantially central portion. The floating structure according to

Patent Documents

2 and 3 is called a “semi-sub type” because it floats in a state where the floating body is submerged below the water surface.

Furthermore, in the following Patent Document 4, a lower floating body in which upper and lower lids and a cylindrical precast concrete block continuously installed between them are integrally joined with a PC steel material, and the lower floating body with a PC steel material. The upper float is composed of a precast concrete block having a smaller diameter than the precast concrete block and the upper lid, and a plurality of ballast tanks are formed inside the lower float by a partition wall inside the upper float. Has proposed a floating structure for offshore wind power generation in which a plurality of watertight compartments are formed by partition walls. This patent document 4 is called a “spar type” because it floats in a standing state like a fishing float.

JP 2001-165032 A JP 2007-160965 A JP 2007-331414 A JP 2009-18671 A

The spar type floating body can attach only one wind turbine to one floating body, but has the advantages that it is more economical than the other pontoon type and semi-sub type, and has excellent floating body stability.

However, since the length of the floating body is about 80m or more, there are problems such as requiring a vast construction yard to assemble on land, and the assembled floating body is also transported to the ocean. There were problems such as enormous transportation costs.
In addition, there is a problem that the installation of the nacelle and the windmill blade is a high place work and the danger is high, and these maintenance work is also a high place work. Furthermore, there has been a problem that there is a risk of damage due to large fluctuations in strong winds or waves.

Accordingly, the main problem of the present invention is that the offshore wind power generation equipment has advantages such as easy and safe assembly on the sea, easy maintenance, and ensuring stability in strong winds or waves. It is to provide the construction method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention according to claim 1 includes a floating body, a deck installed above the floating body, a mooring line connected to the deck, and a tower standing on the deck. And an offshore wind power generation facility consisting of a nacelle and a plurality of windmill blades installed at the top of this tower,
The floating body is a spar having a bottomed hollow portion in which a plurality of precast cylindrical bodies made of concrete are stacked in the height direction, and each precast cylindrical body is tightly coupled with a PC steel material to be integrated. There is provided an offshore wind power generation facility characterized by having a floating structure of a mold, and at the time of construction, the tower can be moved up and down by a tower lifting device provided on the deck, and can be accommodated inside the floating body.

In the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of precast cylindrical bodies made of concrete are stacked in the height direction, and each precast cylindrical body is fastened and integrated with PC steel, and the upper end is opened. A spar type floating body structure having a bottomed hollow portion is provided. Then, the tower can be moved up and down by a tower lifting facility provided on the deck at the time of construction, and can be accommodated inside the floating body.

Therefore, it is possible to assemble while precast cylindrical bodies are stacked on the ocean according to the construction procedure described in claim 3 described later, and the tower can be raised and lowered and can be accommodated inside the floating body. The nacelle and windmill blades can be attached by lowering, so that the work at high places is reduced and the construction can be performed safely. In addition, the work can be safely performed by lowering the tower for maintenance after service, and the stability is increased and the risk of damage is reduced by lowering the tower even during strong winds and waves.

As the present invention according to claim 2, the floating body is divided into blocks for each of one or a plurality of precast cylindrical bodies in the height direction, and in each block, a precast cylindrical body having the same outer diameter cross section is used in the member axial direction. The offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the precast cylindrical body is piled up under such a condition that the outer diameter dimension is gradually reduced in the height direction.

In the invention according to the second aspect, with respect to the floating body, the block is divided into one or a plurality of precast cylindrical bodies in the height direction, and the precast cylindrical body having the same outer diameter cross section is used in the member axial direction in each block. The precast cylindrical body is stacked under conditions to form a variable cross-sectional shape in which the outer diameter dimension is gradually reduced in the height direction. Accordingly, the center of gravity is lowered and stability against strong winds and waves is increased, and the upper side is relatively small in diameter so that it is less likely to be affected by waves in normal times.

As the present invention according to claim 3, a construction method for assembling the offshore wind power generation facility according to any one of

claims

1 and 2,
On the ocean, after floating the lowermost precast cylindrical body, adjusting the flooding by throwing in the ballast, sequentially stacking the precast cylindrical body in the height direction while tightly binding with PC steel,
After installing the deck on the top of the floating body, set up the tower on the deck and install the tower lifting equipment,
A third step of installing the nacelle while lowering the tower by the tower lifting equipment and installing the windmill blade;
After the tower is lifted by the tower lifting and lowering equipment, there is provided a method for constructing an offshore wind power generation facility comprising a fourth procedure for fixing the tower to a normal height position.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the floating body is constructed by sequentially stacking the precast tubular bodies on the ocean, the nacelle and the windmill blade can be attached while the standing tower is lowered. This makes it possible to assemble easily and safely.

The present invention according to claim 4 is a construction method for installing the offshore wind power generation facility according to any of

claims

1 and 2 on the ocean,
A first step of floating sideways on the sea with the tower housed inside the floating body and towing to the offshore installation location;
A second procedure for raising the floating body in an upright state by inserting ballast at an offshore installation location;
A third step of installing the nacelle and the wind turbine blade in a state where the tower is raised to an arbitrary height position by the tower lifting equipment;
A construction method of an offshore wind power generation facility is provided, which includes a fourth step of lifting and fixing the tower to a normal height position.

According to the invention described in claim 4, the nacelle and the wind turbine blade can be attached in a state where the tower is lowered, so that the work at a high place can be reduced and the construction can be performed safely.

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, offshore wind power generation has advantages such as easy and safe assembly on the ocean, easy maintenance, and stability during strong winds or waves. It can be equipment.

1 is a schematic view of an offshore wind power generation facility 1 according to the present invention. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a floating body 2. FIG. The precast cylindrical body 12 (13) is shown, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view, (B) is a plan view (a view taken along the line B-B), and (C) is a bottom view (a view taken along the line C-C). FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram (A) and (B) of the tight connection between precast cylindrical bodies 12 (13). The boundary part precast cylindrical body 14 is shown, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view, (B) is a plan view (a view taken along the line B-B), and (C) is a bottom view (a view taken along the line C-C). FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part showing a tightly coupled structure of a boundary part precast tubular body 14. It is construction procedure figure (the 1) of offshore wind power generation equipment. It is construction procedure figure (the 2) of offshore wind power generation equipment. It is construction procedure figure (the 3) of offshore wind power generation equipment. It is construction procedure figure (the 4) of offshore wind power generation equipment. It is construction procedure figure (the 5) of offshore wind power generation equipment. It is construction procedure figure (the 6) of offshore wind power generation equipment. It is a construction procedure figure (the 1) of the 2nd construction method. It is a construction procedure figure (the 2) of the 2nd construction method. It is a construction procedure figure (the 3) of a 2nd construction method. It is a construction procedure figure (the 4) of the 2nd construction method. It is a construction procedure figure (the 5) of a 2nd construction method. It is a construction procedure figure (the 6) of a 2nd construction method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the offshore wind turbine power generation facility 1 includes a floating body 2, a deck 3 installed on the top of the floating body 2,

mooring lines

4, 4... Connected to the deck 3, and the deck 3. The tower 5 is provided on the top of the tower 5, and the nacelle 6 and the plurality of

windmill blades

7, 7.

The floating body 2 is constructed by stacking a plurality of precast

cylindrical bodies

10 and 12 to 13 made of concrete in the height direction, and connecting the precast

cylindrical bodies

10 and 12 to 13 with a PC steel material so as to be integrated. It is a spar type floating body structure having a bottomed hollow part with an open upper end, and the tower 5 can be raised and lowered at least by a tower lifting facility provided on the deck 3 at the time of construction, and can be accommodated inside the floating body 2. It is what has become. The flooded water L of the floating body 2 is set to approximately 80 m or more in the case of 2 MW class power generation equipment.

The details will be described in more detail below.

As shown in FIG. 2, the floating body 2 includes a bottomed cylindrical ballast portion 10 and a variable cross-section cylindrical portion 11 connected to the upper surface of the ballast portion 10. The ballast portion 10 and the variable cross-section cylindrical portion 11 are all made of a concrete precast member. The variable cross-section cylindrical portion 11 is divided into one or a plurality of blocks B ₁ and B ₂ in the height direction, in the illustrated example, in the height direction, and in each of the blocks B ₁ to B ₂ in the member axial direction. The precast

cylindrical bodies

12 and 13 are stacked under the condition of using the precast cylindrical bodies 12 to 13 having the same cross section, and the boundary portion precast cylindrical body 14 is interposed in the boundary portion divided into blocks. Thus, the outer diameter dimension is gradually reduced in a stepwise manner in the height direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, the precast cylindrical bodies 12... 13 are circular cylindrical precast members having the same cross section in the axial direction, and are each manufactured using the same formwork? A hollow precast member manufactured by centrifugal molding is used.

In addition to the reinforcing bars 20,

sheaths

21, 21... For inserting the PC steel bars 16 are embedded in the wall surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. A sheath enlarged diameter portion 21a is formed at the lower end portion of the

sheaths

21, 21... So that a coupler for connecting the PC steel bars 16 can be inserted, and a fixing anchor plate is fitted on the upper portion. A box opening portion 22 is provided for installation. In addition, a plurality of suspension fittings 23 are provided on the upper surface.

As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the precast cylindrical bodies 12 (13) are joined together by connecting the

PC steel rods

16, 16,... , 21..., 21..., 21. Plan Further, a grout material is injected into the sheath 21 from the grout injection hole 27. The hole 24a formed in the anchor plate 24 is a grout injection confirmation hole, and the filling of the grout material is completed when the grout material is discharged from the confirmation hole.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), if the coupler 26 is screwed into the protruding portion of the PC steel bar 16, and the upper PC steel bars 16, 16,. The

PC steel rods

16, 16 ... are stacked while being inserted through the

sheaths

21, 21 ... of the precast cylindrical body 12 (13), and the procedure for fixing the PC steel rod 16 according to the above procedure is sequentially repeated in the height direction. Stacked. At this time, an adhesive 15 such as an epoxy resin or a sealing material is applied to the joint surface between the lower-stage precast tubular body and the upper-stage precast tubular body in order to ensure waterproofness and join the mating surfaces.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the boundary portion precast cylindrical body 14 is a cylindrical precast member having the same cross section in the member axial direction, similarly to the precast

cylindrical bodies

12 and 13. A hollow precast member manufactured using the same formwork or by centrifugal molding is used, but has the same outer diameter as the lower precast cylindrical body, and the upper precast cylindrical body. And has a cross-sectional shape that is approximately the same inner diameter.

In the wall surface, in addition to the reinforcing bars 20,

sheaths

21, 21. A sheath diameter-enlarged portion 21 a is formed at the lower end portion of the

sheaths

21, 21... In addition, a plurality of suspension fittings (not shown) are provided on the upper surface.

Further, on the relatively inner peripheral side of the wall surface, unbonded

PC steel rods

28, 28 fixed by anchor plates 30 and nuts 29 on the lower surface side of the boundary precast cylindrical body 14 at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Are embedded in advance. The upper end of the unbonded PC steel bar 28 is formed so as to protrude from the upper surface of the boundary precast cylindrical body 14. Also, the positions of the

outer sheaths

21, 21... And the unbonded PC steel bars 28, 28... Are arranged in a staggered manner in order to equalize the tension stress.

The tight part structure of the boundary part precast tubular body 14, the lower stage precast tubular body 12, and the upper stage precast tubular body 13 includes the PC steel material 14 extended from the lower stage precast tubular body 12 side. PC steel material (unbonded PC steel rod 28) extending to the upper stage side precast cylindrical body 13 side is fixed to the outer peripheral part of the upper surface of the boundary part precast cylindrical body 14 on the lower surface inner peripheral part of the boundary part precast cylindrical body 14 Try to fix.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the boundary portion precast tubular body 14 is inserted into the

sheaths

21, 21... While the PC steel bars 16, 16. Are stacked, the anchor plate 24 is fitted into the box removing portion 22, and the nut member 25 introduces tension to the PC steel bars 16, 16. At this time, the adhesive 15 or the sealing material is applied to the mating surfaces of the precast

cylindrical bodies

12 and 14 so that the tension introduction force is always full prestress with respect to the cross-sectional action force, and the partial pre- Stress. In addition, a grout material is injected into the sheath 21 from the grout injection hole 32, and the exposed nut 25 is covered with a cap material 31 and filled with grease or the like for rust prevention treatment.

Next, when the coupler 33 is screwed to the upper end portion of the unbonded PC steel rod 28 and the upper

PC steel rods

16, 16,... Are connected, the PC steel is attached to the

sheaths

21, 21 ... of the precast tubular body 13. The rods 16 are stacked while being inserted, and the PC steel rod 16 is fixed in the manner described above, and the upper precast tubular body 13 is integrally coupled to the boundary precast tubular body 14. In the floating body 2, the upper end of the uppermost precast cylindrical body 13 is left open, and a hollow portion for accommodating the tower 5 is formed. The unbonded PC steel rod 28 may be a bond.

On the other hand, the tower 5 is made of steel, concrete, or PRC (prestressed reinforced concrete), but is preferably made of steel so as to reduce the total weight. The nacelle 6 is a device equipped with a generator that converts the rotation of the windmill into electricity, a controller that can automatically change the angle of the blade, and the like.

[First construction procedure]
Hereinafter, the construction procedure of the offshore wind power generation facility 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
(First procedure)
On the ocean, as shown in FIG. 7A, first, the ballast portion 10 which is the lowermost precast cylindrical body is floated. Next, as shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9, the precast

cylindrical bodies

12, 14, 13, etc. are sequentially fastened with PC steel in the height direction while adjusting the flooding by adding ballast (seawater or water). Stack up. FIG. 9 shows a state where the assembly of the floating body 2 is completed.

(Second procedure)
As FIG. 10 shows, after installing the deck 3 in the upper part of the floating body 2, while setting up the tower 5, the tower raising / lowering equipment 8 is installed. The tower lifting / lowering equipment 8 has center hole jacks 9, 9,... Arranged at predetermined intervals around the base of the tower 5 as shown in the figure, and one end of the PC steel wire 10 is wound around a sheave 11. Then, the center hole jack 9 is tightly connected to the lower end of the tower 5, and the tower 5 can be lowered and raised by the expansion / contraction operation of the center hole jack 9. Further, one end of the mooring cable 4 is tied to the deck 3 and the other end is tied to an anchor sunk on the seabed to stabilize the floating body 2.

(Third procedure)
As shown in FIG. 11, the nacelle 6 is attached while the tower 5 is lowered by the tower elevating equipment 8, and the two

wind turbine blades

7 and 7 are attached, and then, as shown in FIG. 8. Thus, after the tower 5 is slightly lifted, the remaining wind turbine blades 7 are attached.
(4th procedure)
When the tower 5 is raised to the regular position by the tower lifting / lowering equipment 8, the tower 5 is fixed at the regular height position by the tower fixing base bracket 34 or the like as shown in FIG.

[Second construction procedure]
Hereinafter, the second construction procedure of the offshore wind power generation facility 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
(First procedure)
On the ocean adjacent to the production yard, as shown in FIG. 13, the tower 5 is accommodated inside the floating body 2 and floated sideways on the ocean. Tow to installation location. In the state where the tower 5 is accommodated inside the floating body 2, the upper end opening of the uppermost precast cylindrical body 13 is closed.

(Second procedure)
As shown in FIG. 14, when arriving at the offshore installation location, the ballast water 31 is poured, and the wire 2 is gradually fed out from the winch 33 on the balance adjusting floating body 32, so that the floating body 2 is slowly upright. Stand up to the state.

As shown in FIG. 15, when the floating body 2 is erected, the deck 3 is installed on the top of the floating body 2, one end of the mooring cable 4 is tied to the deck 3, and the other end is set on the seabed. The floating body 2 is stabilized by being tied to the anchor.
(Third procedure)
As shown in FIG. 16, the tower elevating equipment 8 is installed on the deck 3 and the tower 5 is pulled up. As shown in FIG. 17, the nacelle 6 is installed and the two

windmill blades

7 and 7 are installed while the tower 5 is pulled up to an arbitrary height position by the tower elevating equipment 8. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 18, the tower 5 is slightly lifted and the remaining wind turbine blades 7 are attached.
(4th procedure)
When all the members have been installed, the tower 5 is raised by the tower lifting equipment 8 and the tower 5 is fixed at a normal height position by the tower fixing base bracket 34 (see FIG. 1) to complete the construction. To do.

[Other examples]
(1) In the above embodiment, seawater or water is used as the ballast. However, a concrete block may be put inside, or a concrete ring is attached to the outer periphery of the concrete cylindrical body 12 on the upper side of the ballast portion 10. You may make it fit. These may be used in combination.
(2) In the above embodiment, the tower elevating equipment 8 has been removed, but it may be left behind so that it can be used when the tower 5 is lowered during maintenance, strong winds, and waves. Of course, you may make it install the tower raising / lowering installation 8 newly at the time of tower lowering work.

1 ... Offshore wind power generation equipment, 2 ... Floating body, 3 ... Deck, 4 ... Mooring line, 5 ... Tower, 6 ... Nacelle, 7 ... Windmill blade, 8 ... Tower lifting equipment

Claims

A floating body, a deck installed on the top of the floating body, a mooring line connected to the deck, a tower standing on the deck, a nacelle and a plurality of windmill blades installed on the top of the tower An offshore wind power generation facility comprising:
The floating body is a spar having a bottomed hollow portion in which a plurality of precast cylindrical bodies made of concrete are stacked in the height direction, and each precast cylindrical body is tightly coupled with a PC steel material to be integrated. An offshore wind power generation facility characterized in that it has a floating structure of a mold, and at the time of construction, the tower can be raised and lowered by a tower lifting device provided on the deck and can be accommodated inside the floating body.
The floating body is divided into blocks for each of one or a plurality of precast cylindrical bodies in the height direction, and the precast cylindrical bodies are used under the condition that a precast cylindrical body having the same outer diameter cross section is used in the member axial direction in each block. The offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1, wherein the offshore wind power generation facility has a variable cross-sectional shape in which a body is stacked and an outer diameter dimension is gradually reduced in a height direction.
A construction method for assembling the offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2,
On the ocean, after floating the lowermost precast cylindrical body, adjusting the flooding by throwing in the ballast, sequentially stacking the precast cylindrical body in the height direction while tightly binding with PC steel,
After installing the deck on the top of the floating body, set up the tower on the deck and install the tower lifting equipment,
A third step of installing the nacelle while lowering the tower by the tower lifting equipment and installing the windmill blade;
A method for constructing an offshore wind power generation facility comprising a fourth procedure in which the tower is lifted by the tower lifting equipment and then fixed at a normal height position.
A construction method for installing the offshore wind power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2 on the ocean,
A first step of floating sideways on the sea with the tower housed inside the floating body and towing to the offshore installation location;
A second procedure for raising the floating body in an upright state by inserting ballast at an offshore installation location;
A third step of installing the nacelle and the wind turbine blade in a state where the tower is raised to an arbitrary height position by the tower lifting equipment;
A construction method of an offshore wind power generation facility comprising a fourth step of lifting and fixing the tower to a regular height position.