WO2009119806A1 - ビニルスルホン酸、その重合体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ビニルスルホン酸、その重合体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009119806A1 WO2009119806A1 PCT/JP2009/056286 JP2009056286W WO2009119806A1 WO 2009119806 A1 WO2009119806 A1 WO 2009119806A1 JP 2009056286 W JP2009056286 W JP 2009056286W WO 2009119806 A1 WO2009119806 A1 WO 2009119806A1
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- sulfonic acid
- vinyl sulfonic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
- B01D1/065—Evaporators with vertical tubes by film evaporating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/02—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping in boilers or stills
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
- C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/20—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/42—Nitriles
- C08F220/44—Acrylonitrile
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F228/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur
- C08F228/02—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur by a bond to sulfur
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1023—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon, e.g. polyarylenes, polystyrenes or polybutadiene-styrenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1025—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1044—Mixtures of polymers, of which at least one is ionically conductive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1072—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes by chemical reactions, e.g. insitu polymerisation or insitu crosslinking
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention mainly relates to vinyl sulfonic acid and a polymer thereof, a production method thereof, an apparatus suitable for the production, and an electric / electronic material including them.
- Vinyl sulfonic acid has attracted a great deal of attention as a monomer constituting functional polymers and conductive materials.
- Patent Document 1 also describes vinylsulfonic acid having a purity of 98%. However, the metal content was several ppm.
- vinyl sulfonic acid or its polymer has attracted attention as a component constituting functional polymers and conductive materials, and as a material for electronic devices and semiconductors.
- Patent Document 2 vinyl sulfonic acid or a polymer thereof is used as a resist resin composition (Patent Document 2), a resist protective film resin composition (Patent Documents 3 and 4), a CMP slurry (Patent Documents 5 and 6), an alkaline secondary battery. It is reported that it is used for separators (Patent Documents 7 and 8), fuel cell electrolyte membranes (Patent Documents 1 and 9), conductive polymer dopants (Patent Documents 10 and 11), and the like.
- impurities contained in the material may cause problems such as diffusion into the wafer and contamination of the wafer during the wafer manufacturing process.
- metal contamination may cause a decrease in the reliability of the insulating film, generation of leakage current, abnormal film formation, and the like, and may have a large adverse effect on the semiconductor device (see Patent Documents 12, 13, and 14).
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2007-150153 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2004-189820 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-250807
- a perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid type polymer in which a sulfonic acid group is bonded to a side chain of a perfluoro skeleton has been conventionally used.
- perfluorosulfonic acid type polymers with various improvements have been developed.
- the production process of the polymer is complicated and the fluorocarbon material is difficult to significantly reduce the cost, the cost becomes high.
- Hydrocarbon polymer electrolyte membranes that do not use fluorine-based polymers and have improved proton conductivity have been developed. Hydrocarbon polymer electrolyte membranes are easy to synthesize, can handle a wide variety of molecular structures, and are easy to control physical properties. Also, from the viewpoint of recycling, since it does not contain fluorine, it is advantageous in that no harmful substances are generated.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid by subjecting sodium vinyl sulfonate to sodium removal treatment with hydrochloric acid.
- Patent Document 16 describes a method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid by subjecting isethionic acid to dehydration treatment using nitric pentoxide or pyrophosphoric acid as a dehydrating agent.
- the present invention finds that a vinyl sulfonic acid having excellent properties can be obtained, and further intensive studies to complete the present invention. It came.
- the present invention provides the following vinyl sulfonic acid, homopolymer, copolymer, production method, apparatus, and electrical / electronic material.
- Item 1 The double bond content is 95% by weight or more, and (I) the content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less, and (Ii) A vinyl sulfonic acid characterized in that the content of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal is 1 ppm or less.
- Item 1-2 The vinyl sulfonic acid according to item 1, which is obtained by demetallizing a vinyl sulfonate with a strong acidic ion exchange resin.
- Item 1-3 The vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1-1 or 1-2, which is obtained by further purifying the obtained demetallized product by thin film distillation.
- the double bond content is 95% by weight or more, and (I) the content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less, and (Ii) A vinyl sulfonic acid characterized in that the content of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and first transition metals is 100 ppb or less.
- Item 2-2 The vinyl sulfonic acid according to item 2, which is obtained by demetallizing a vinyl sulfonate with a strongly acidic ion exchange resin.
- Item 2-3 The vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 2-1 or 2-2, which is obtained by further purifying the obtained demetallized product by thin film distillation.
- the metal removal treatment is performed so that the metal removal rate represented by Obtained demetallized product, (1)
- the thin-film distillation apparatus according to (1) preferably provided with a cooler that is disposed outside the distillation column and condenses the vinyl sulfonic acid vapor obtained from the distillation outlet, preferably evaporates the vinyl sulfonic acid after the demetallation treatment.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 2 The vinyl sulfonate is brought into contact with a strongly acidic ion exchange resin and demetallized, Obtained demetallized product, (1) A thin-film distillation apparatus in which all or part of a portion in contact with vinyl sulfonic acid or a composition thereof is formed of tantalum, or (2) a distillation column for evaporating a distillation raw material, A vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet provided in the middle of the distillation column; The thin-film distillation apparatus according to (1), preferably provided with a cooler that is disposed outside the distillation column and condenses the vinyl sulfonic acid vapor obtained from the distillation outlet, preferably evaporates the vinyl sulfonic acid after the demetallation treatment.
- Item A A raw material for electrical and electronic materials comprising the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or Item 2. Or use of the vinyl sulfonic acid of claim
- Item 3 A vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer obtained by polymerizing the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or Item 2 alone or with one or more other monomers copolymerizable therewith.
- Item 3-1 A vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer comprising the vinyl sulfonic acid according to any one of Items 1 to 1-3 as a monomer, or the vinyl sulfonic acid according to any one of Items 2 to 2-5 Vinylsulfonic acid homopolymer as monomer.
- Item 3-2 A vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer obtained by polymerizing the vinyl sulfonic acid according to any one of Items 1 to 1-3 with one or more other monomers copolymerizable therewith, or Item 6.
- Item B A raw material for an electric / electronic material comprising the vinylsulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer according to Item 3, Item 3-1, or Item 3-2.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer according to item 3, item 3-1, or item 3-2 for producing an electric / electronic material.
- Item 4 A vinyl sulfonic acid alone including a step of radical polymerization, photopolymerization, or radiation polymerization of the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or 2 alone or with one or more other monomers copolymerizable therewith A method for producing a polymer or copolymer.
- Item 4-1 A method for producing a vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer, wherein the vinyl sulfonic acid according to any one of Items 1 to 1-3 is radically polymerized, photopolymerized, or radiation-polymerized, or Item 2 to A method for producing a vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer, comprising subjecting the vinyl sulfonic acid according to any of 2-5 to radical polymerization, photopolymerization, or radiation polymerization.
- Item 4-2 Vinyl comprising radical polymerization, photopolymerization, or radiation polymerization of one or more other monomers copolymerizable with the vinyl sulfonic acid according to any one of Items 1 to 1-3 Method for producing sulfonic acid copolymer, or radical polymerization, photopolymerization or radiation polymerization with one or more other monomers copolymerizable with vinyl sulfonic acid according to any one of Items 2 to 2-5 A process for producing a vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer.
- a thin film distillation apparatus for purifying vinyl sulfonic acid wherein all or part of the portion in contact with vinyl sulfonic acid or a composition thereof is formed of a highly corrosion-resistant material.
- a thin film distillation apparatus for purifying vinyl sulfonic acid characterized in that all or part of the portion in contact with vinyl sulfonic acid or a composition thereof is made of tantalum.
- Item 6 A distillation column for evaporating distillation raw materials; A vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet provided in the middle of the distillation column; Item 6.
- a distillation column for evaporating vinyl sulfonic acid after the metal removal treatment A vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet provided in the middle of the distillation column; Item 6.
- Item 7 The method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or 2, wherein Demetallizing vinyl sulfonate, 7. A method comprising a step of purifying the obtained demetallized product using the thin film distillation apparatus according to item 5 or 6.
- the metal removal treatment is performed so that the metal removal rate represented by Vinylsulfonic acid obtained (obtained) by purifying the obtained metal removal-treated product using the thin-film distillation apparatus according to Item 5 or 6.
- the metal removal treatment is performed so that the metal removal rate represented by Vinyl sulfonic acid obtained (obtained) by purifying the obtained demetallized product using the thin film distillation apparatus according to Item 6.
- Term D The vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or Item 2, The vinyl sulfonate is brought into contact with a strongly acidic ion exchange resin and demetallized, Vinylsulfonic acid obtained (obtained) by purifying the obtained metal removal-treated product using the thin-film distillation apparatus according to Item 5 or 6.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 2 is brought into contact with a strongly acidic ion exchange resin and demetallized, Vinyl sulfonic acid obtained (obtained) by purifying the obtained demetallized product using the thin film distillation apparatus according to Item 6.
- Item 8 An electric / electronic material containing the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or 2.
- Item 9 An electric / electronic material comprising the vinylsulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer according to Item 3.
- Item 10 A polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell comprising the vinylsulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer according to Item 3.
- Item E A fuel cell comprising the polymer electrolyte membrane according to Item 10.
- Item 11 A photoresist composition comprising the vinyl sulfonic acid according to Item 1 or 2, or the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer according to Item 3.
- Item 12 A conductive polymer composition comprising the vinylsulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer according to Item 3 as a dopant.
- ppm indicates “weight ppm” and “ppb” indicates “weight ppb”.
- Vinylsulfonic acid (1) double bond content
- the vinylsulfonic acid of the present invention has a double bond content of 95% by weight or more, particularly 97% by weight or more, and more preferably 99% by weight or more.
- the double bond content refers to the amount of double bonds quantified and converted into the purity of vinyl sulfonic acid, in other words, the number of moles of double bonds contained in 100 g of vinyl sulfonic acid. It means the value multiplied by 1 gram equivalent.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention has (i) a sodium (Na) content of 1 ppm or less, preferably 500 ppb or less, particularly 300 ppb or less. Further, (ii) the content of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals and first transition metals is 1 ppm or less, preferably 800 ppb or less, particularly 500 ppb or less.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention has (i) sodium (Na) content of 100 ppb or less, preferably 50 ppb or less, particularly 10 ppb or less. Furthermore, (ii) the content of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal is 100 ppb or less, preferably 50 ppb or less, particularly 20 ppb or less.
- alkaline earth metal examples include calcium (Ca).
- Examples of the first transition metal include iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni).
- Preferred vinyl sulfonic acids of the present invention include (I) The content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less, (Ii) the content of calcium (Ca) is 1 ppm or less, and (Iii) A vinyl sulfonic acid having a content of at least one metal selected from the first transition metals of 1 ppm or less.
- More preferred vinyl sulfonic acids include (I) The content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less, (Ii) the content of calcium (Ca) is 1 ppm or less, and (Iii) Vinylsulfonic acid whose content of each metal of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) is 1 ppm or less is mentioned.
- Particularly preferred vinyl sulfonic acids include (I) The content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less, (Ii) The content of calcium (Ca) is 100 ppb or less, and (Iii) A vinyl sulfonic acid having a content of at least one metal selected from the first transition metals of 100 ppb or less.
- More preferred vinyl sulfonic acids include (I) The content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less, (Ii) The content of calcium (Ca) is 100 ppb or less, and (Iii) Vinyl sulfonic acid whose content of each metal of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni) is 100 ppb or less is mentioned.
- vinyl sulfonic acid includes lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), zirconium (Zr), tin (Sn). ) And lead (Pb), each having a low metal content, preferably about 100 ppb, preferably about 50 ppb or less.
- the metal content can be measured according to a known method.
- ICP-MS ICP mass spectrometry
- ICP-OES / ICP-AES ICP emission spectroscopic analysis
- atomic absorption method or the like
- ICP-MS is preferably used.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention has a reduced content of impurities and metals, and can be suitably used as a raw material for electrical and electronic materials.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention can be suitably used as a raw material in the production of electric / electronic materials.
- Examples of the electric material include a fuel cell electrolyte membrane, an organic EL thin film, and a battery peripheral material.
- Examples of electronic materials include semiconductor peripheral materials, conductive polymer materials, and circuit board materials.
- a polymer obtained by impregnating a substrate with vinyl sulfonic acid and then homopolymerized or copolymerized with another polymerizable monomer can be used as a polymer electrolyte of a fuel cell.
- vinyl sulfonic acid or a polymer obtained by polymerizing it alone or copolymerized with other polymerizable monomers can be used as a material for a photoresist composition, a polymer binder for a battery, or a separator.
- polymerized vinylsulfonic acid can be used as an anionic polymer acid dispersing agent in the polishing slurry for semiconductor manufacture, a dopant of the conductive polymer used for EL devices, such as an organic light emitting diode (OLED), etc. .
- the production method of the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned characteristics, but those obtained by the following production method are preferred.
- Production method 2 A method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid having a step of demetalizing vinyl sulfonate, wherein the demetallation treatment is performed using a strongly acidic ion exchange resin.
- Manufacturing method 3 Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the said manufacturing method 1 or 2 which has the process of refine
- Manufacturing method 4 The manufacturing method of said manufacturing method 3 whose thin film distillation apparatus is an apparatus in which all or one part of the part which contact
- Manufacturing method 5 The manufacturing method of said manufacturing method 3 whose thin film distillation apparatus is an apparatus whose all or one part of the part which contact
- Production method 6 A thin film distillation apparatus, a distillation column for evaporating distillation raw materials; A vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet provided in the middle of the distillation column; 6.
- raw material vinyl sulfonate examples include sodium salt, potassium salt, lithium salt or a mixture thereof. Of these, sodium vinyl sulfonate is particularly preferably used.
- the vinyl sulfonate may be provided in the form of a composition.
- a composition containing isethionate or bissulfoethyl ether in addition to vinyl sulfonate may be used as a raw material.
- the proportion of the vinyl sulfonate in the entire composition is usually about 25% by weight or more.
- Demetallization refers to the treatment of removing metal from vinyl sulfonate and replacing it with hydrogen. In other words, it refers to a treatment for removing metal ions from vinyl sulfonate and converting it to vinyl sulfonic acid.
- the metal removal rate is preferably 95% or more, particularly 97% or more, and more preferably 99% or more.
- the metal removal rate is, in other words, the rate of exchange of metal contained in the raw material for hydrogen.
- the rate of exchange of metal contained in the raw material for hydrogen For example, when using a sodium salt as a raw material, it is the exchange rate from sodium to hydrogen (sodium exchange rate). In other words, the reduction rate of the metal salt compound contained in the raw material.
- the metal removal rate can be determined by measuring the acid value by a known method.
- the acid value can be determined by neutralization titration.
- the metal removal rate is 95% or more, the decomposition of the compound or its influence is remarkably reduced.
- thin film distillation can be introduced in the purification step after the metal removal treatment, and a large amount of distillation can be performed with a high recovery rate.
- it becomes possible to obtain a high-quality vinyl sulfonic acid and it is possible to obtain a vinyl sulfonic acid with little coloration when distilling in the distillation step.
- the method of demetalization treatment is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a strongly acidic ion exchange resin. In other words, it is preferable to perform the metal removal treatment by bringing the vinyl sulfonate into contact with the strongly acidic ion exchange resin.
- the method of bringing into contact with the strongly acidic ion exchange resin can be carried out according to a conventional method, but it is possible to perform ion exchange reliably by filling the column with the ion exchange resin and passing the aqueous vinyl sulfonate solution. ,preferable.
- the type of the strongly acidic ion exchange resin is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is achieved, and can be appropriately selected from known ones.
- a compound having a strong acid group in the side chain of a crosslinked insoluble organic polymer compound can be used.
- strong acid groups include sulfuric acid groups, phosphoric acid groups, and sulfonic acid groups.
- strongly acidic ion exchange resins include Diaion (registered trademark) (SK1B, SK116, PK216, etc.), Amberlite (registered trademark) (IR-120B, IR-124, etc.), Dowex (registered trademark). ) (50wx8, HCR-S, monosphere 650C, etc.), Lebatit (registered trademark) (S-100, etc.) and the like.
- thin film distillation can be introduced in the subsequent purification process, and a large amount of distillation can be performed.
- the metal removal rate is 95% or higher, particularly 97% or higher, and more preferably 99% or higher. This is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the recovery rate.
- the treated product obtained by the above demetallation treatment is preferably further purified by a known method.
- the demetallized product means a product obtained by demetallizing a vinyl sulfonate or a composition thereof, specifically, vinyl sulfonic acid or a composition thereof obtained by a demetallization treatment.
- the purification method can be appropriately set from known methods, but purification by distillation, particularly thin-film distillation is preferred.
- Purification by thin-film distillation makes it possible to obtain vinyl sulfonic acid having excellent quality, little coloration during distillation, and less coloration over time. In addition, a large amount of purification can be performed with a high recovery rate.
- the treated product obtained by metal removal treatment of vinyl sulfonate so that the metal removal rate is 95% or more by thin film distillation.
- a treated product obtained by bringing a vinyl sulfonate into contact with a strongly acidic ion exchange resin and performing a metal removal treatment by thin film distillation it is preferable to purify a treated product obtained by bringing a vinyl sulfonate into contact with a strongly acidic ion exchange resin and performing a metal removal treatment by thin film distillation.
- Thin film distillation can be performed according to a known method.
- the conditions for thin-film distillation can be set as appropriate, but the normal temperature is about 150 to 250 ° C., preferably about 150 to 230 ° C.
- the pressure is usually about 10 to 400 Pa, preferably about 10 to 200 Pa.
- Thin film distillation can be repeated twice or more as necessary, and can be continuous distillation.
- the thin-film distillation apparatus a known apparatus can be used, but it is preferable that all or a part of the part in contact with the vinyl sulfonic acid or the composition thereof is made of a highly corrosion-resistant material.
- the thin-film distillation apparatus is provided with a vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet at the middle part of the distillation column and further a cooling part formed outside the distillation column so that the distillation residue is not mixed.
- thin-film distillation devices include the following 3. The apparatus of description is mentioned.
- steps other than the above can be further added as necessary.
- a raw material refining process can be added.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid used in the present invention includes vinyl sulfonic acid obtained by any one of production methods 1 to 6.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid obtained by the above production method has little coloration and little discoloration with time.
- the present invention provides a thin-film distillation apparatus suitably used in a method for producing vinyl sulfonic acid.
- the present invention provides a thin film distillation apparatus for producing vinyl sulfonic acid or a thin film distillation apparatus for purifying vinyl sulfonic acid.
- all or a part of the portion in contact with the vinyl sulfonic acid or the composition thereof is formed of a highly corrosion resistant material.
- the portion in contact with vinyl sulfonic acid or a composition thereof is a vinyl sulfonic acid composition after demetallization treatment, a vaporized vinyl sulfonic acid vapor, or a vinyl sulfonic acid as a distillation raw material. It means a portion that comes into contact with vinyl sulfonic acid or the like in which steam is condensed, and is also referred to as a wetted portion and / or a wetted portion.
- a member having a vinyl sulfonic acid contact part for example, a pipe for feeding liquid, an inner wall of a distillation tower, a stirring part, a wiper part, a cooling part, a stirring seal part, a distillation raw material inlet, a distillation line, a receiver, Examples include a residue discharge line.
- Examples of the highly corrosion-resistant material include JIS standard R-3503 borosilicate glass-1 and metal materials that are judged to be completely corrosion-resistant in the corrosion test method.
- JIS standard R-3503 borosilicate glass-1 is JIS standard (Japanese Industrial Standard) R-3503 with a linear expansion coefficient of 3.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ K ⁇ 1 or less and an alkali elution amount of 0.10 ml. / G or less or 31 ⁇ g / g or less.
- a metal material that is determined to be completely corrosion resistant in the corrosion resistance test method refers to a metal material having an erosion degree of 0.05 mm / year or less.
- the corrosion resistance test method for example, a. In “Chemical Equipment Handbook” (Chemical Engineering Association edited by Maruzen Publishing, published in 1970, p. 500).
- a test piece is immersed in vinyl sulfonic acid at 165 ° C., and a change in weight and a change in appearance after a certain time are measured.
- Examples of the glass belonging to JIS standard borosilicate glass-1 include products such as Pyrex (registered trademark), Hario (registered trademark), and Duran (registered trademark).
- tantalum can be cited as a metal material determined to be completely corrosion resistant.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid contact portion is formed of a highly corrosion-resistant material, it is possible to suppress contamination of impurities from these members or portions.
- SUS or the like has been used as a metal, and impurities may be mixed into vinyl sulfonic acid from these materials. Contamination of derived impurities is reduced.
- the high corrosion resistance material is tantalum
- All or part of the vinyl sulfonic acid contact portion is made of tantalum, in other words, formed of tantalum includes the case where all or at least one of the members having the vinyl sulfonic acid contact portion is made of tantalum. Moreover, the case where at least one part of the vinyl sulfonic acid contact part which one member has is made of tantalum, that is, formed of tantalum is included.
- the product made of tantalum means that it is made of a material that does not substantially contain components other than tantalum.
- the components other than tantalum are formed of a material containing 0.3% by weight, in particular less than 300 ppm.
- the apparatus of the present invention includes an apparatus in which only the stirring rotation part and / or the wiper part is made of tantalum. Moreover, the apparatus whose whole stirring rotation part is a product made from a tantalum, and the apparatus whose 1 part of a wiper part is made from a tantalum are included. Moreover, the apparatus whose all or one part of thin film formation members is a product made from a tantalum is mentioned. In particular, it is preferable that a member or part conventionally made of metal is made of tantalum.
- the following apparatus A An inlet for distillation raw materials; A distillation column for evaporating the introduced raw material; A stirring drive disposed at the top of the distillation tower; A tantalum stirring rotating part arranged inside the distillation tower, A wiper portion including at least a portion made of tantalum connected to the stirring rotation portion; A vacuum pump suction port connected to the distillation tower; A cooling unit disposed inside the distillation column;
- the apparatus includes a vinyl sulfonic acid receiver that receives the vinyl sulfonic acid condensed in the cooler, and a residue receiver that is disposed at the bottom of the distillation column.
- this includes the apparatus shown in FIG.
- an apparatus configured such that vinylsulfonic acid vapor exits from the middle part of the distillation column and reaches a cooling unit installed outside the distillation column.
- the intermediate portion means a position of about 30 to 60, preferably about 40 to 50 from the top when the length from the top to the bottom of the distillation column is 100.
- the following device B An inlet for distillation raw materials; A distillation column for evaporating the introduced raw material; A stirring drive disposed at the top of the distillation tower; A tantalum stirring rotating part arranged inside the distillation tower, A wiper portion including at least a portion made of tantalum connected to the stirring rotation portion; A residue receiver located at the bottom of the distillation column; A vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet located in the middle of the distillation column; A condenser that is disposed outside the distillation column and that condenses the vinyl sulfonic acid vapor obtained from the distillation outlet; a vinyl sulfonic acid receiver that receives the vinyl sulfonic acid condensed in the condenser; A device with a vacuum pump inlet connected to a vinyl sulfonic acid receiver is included.
- this includes the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the distillation column is usually equipped with heating means.
- a known means such as a temperature sensor can be added to the distillation column as necessary.
- the stirring driving unit is a power unit for rotating the stirring rotating unit.
- the agitation drive unit is normally sealed by an agitation seal unit in order to prevent corrosion due to steam generated in the distillation tower.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid used in the present invention includes vinyl sulfonic acid obtained by purification using the thin film distillation apparatus.
- the double bond content is 95% by weight or more, and (I) the content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less, and (Ii) a vinyl sulfonic acid having a content of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal of 100 ppb or less,
- purifying using the said apparatus A or the apparatus B it can manufacture appropriately.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer of the present invention is obtained by polymerizing the above vinyl sulfonic acid as a monomer.
- the present invention provides a homopolymer containing the vinyl sulfonic acid as a constituent component.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer of the present invention is obtained from vinyl sulfonic acid having a high double bond content and a low metal content, it has almost no impurities, has a low metal content, and is excellent in quality.
- the polymer of the present invention preferably has at least a metal content selected from the group consisting of (i) a sodium (Na) content of 1 ppm or less, and (ii) an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal.
- the content of one metal is 1 ppm or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of at least one metal selected from the first transition metals is 1 ppm or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of each metal of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) is 1 ppm or less.
- the polymer of the present invention has a metal content selected from the group consisting of (i) a sodium (Na) content of 100 ppb or less, and (ii) an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal.
- the content of at least one metal is 100 ppb or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 100 ppb or less
- the content of at least one metal selected from the first transition metals is 100 ppb or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 100 ppb or less
- iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) is 100 ppb or less.
- the molecular weight of the homopolymer can also be set according to the purpose, and is not particularly limited, but is 500 to 400,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight measured by size exclusion chromatography (“SEC”). About 2,000 to 300,000.
- Size exclusion chromatography can be performed on gel permeation chromatography (GPC, Gel Permeation Chromatography), whose mobile phase is an organic solvent, and gel filtration chromatography ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (GFC, Gel Filtration Chromatography), whose mobile phase is an aqueous solution.
- GPC Gel Permeation Chromatography
- GFC Gel Filtration Chromatography
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer of the present invention has a low content of impurities and metals, is excellent in quality, and can be suitably used as a raw material for electric / electronic materials.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer of the present invention can be suitably used as a raw material in the production of electric / electronic materials.
- Examples of electrical materials include electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, organic EL thin films, battery peripheral materials, and the like.
- examples of electronic materials include semiconductor peripheral materials, conductive polymer materials, circuit board materials, and the like.
- the polymer of the present invention can be used as a polymer for an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell, a polymer for a photoresist, a dopant for a conductive polymer, a polymer for an organic EL thin film, and the like.
- the production method of the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer is not particularly limited, but can generally be carried out by radical polymerization, photopolymerization or radiation polymerization.
- Radical polymerization is performed by adding a small amount of an initiator to vinyl sulfonic acid or an aqueous solution thereof and heating.
- an initiator a peroxide, a persulfate, an azo compound, or a redox initiator can be used.
- Photopolymerization is carried out by irradiating vinylsulfonic acid or an aqueous solution thereof with light. For example, it can be performed by irradiating with sunlight, ultraviolet rays or the like. In that case, you may add a photoinitiator, a photoinitiator, etc. as needed. In particular, the photopolymerization is preferably performed in the presence of N, N-dimethylformamide.
- Radiation polymerization is performed by irradiating vinylsulfonic acid or an aqueous solution thereof with radiation.
- the homopolymer of the present invention can be purified according to a known method in order to further reduce the metal content.
- the purification method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a solvent reprecipitation method and an ion exchange method.
- the solvent reprecipitation method is a purification method in which a polymer is dissolved in as little solvent as possible and added dropwise to a solvent having low solubility in the polymer to cause precipitation.
- the ion exchange method is a purification method in which a polymer is dissolved in a solvent and metal ions are exchanged using an ion exchange resin.
- copolymer of the present invention provides a copolymer containing the above-described vinyl sulfonic acid as a constituent component. That is, the copolymer of the present invention contains the vinyl sulfonic acid as an essential monomer.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer of the present invention can be obtained by copolymerizing the above vinyl sulfonic acid with one or more of other monomers.
- the other monomer is a polymerizable compound different from the vinyl sulfonic acid, and is a compound that becomes one of the constituent units of the copolymer.
- the other monomer is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance copolymerizable with the vinyl sulfonic acid, but a vinyl monomer is preferably used.
- vinyl monomers examples include sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomers, carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomers, ester group-containing vinyl monomers, nitrogen-containing vinyl monomers, halogen-containing vinyl monomers, aliphatic vinyl monomers, and aromatic vinyl monomers. It is done.
- examples of the sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomer include acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, and (meth) allylsulfonic acid.
- Examples of the carboxyl group-containing vinyl monomer include (meth) acrylic acid.
- ester group-containing vinyl monomer examples include (meth) acrylic acid ester and vinyl acetate.
- (meth) acrylic acid esters examples include (meth) acrylic acid esters of monoalcohols such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate. And (meth) acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols such as tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate.
- nitrogen-containing vinyl monomer examples include allylamine, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylimidazole, vinylpyridine, vinylformamide, (meth) acrylamide, propylacrylamide, (meth) acrylonitrile, cyanomethylstyrene and the like.
- halogen-containing vinyl monomer examples include vinyl chloride, chloroprene, (meth) allyl chloride, chloroethyl vinyl ether and the like.
- Examples of the aliphatic vinyl monomer include ethylene and propylene.
- aromatic vinyl monomers examples include styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, chloromethyl styrene, divinyl benzene and the like.
- the above other monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the copolymer of the present invention includes vinyl sulfonic acid, at least one selected from the group consisting of (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid amide, and (meth) acrylonitrile. Copolymers obtained by copolymerization are included.
- (meth) acrylic acid means acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid.
- (meth) acrylic acid ester means acrylic acid ester and / or methacrylic acid ester
- (meth) acrylic acid amide means acrylic acid amide and / or methacrylic acid amide.
- (Meth) acrylonitrile means acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile.
- the above monomer preferably has a low metal content.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 100 ppb or less, particularly 50 ppb or less, and (Ii) It is preferable to use a monomer having a content of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal of 100 ppb or less, particularly about 50 ppb or less.
- alkaline earth metal examples include calcium (Ca).
- Examples of the first transition metal include iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), and nickel (Ni).
- sodium (Na) content is 100 ppb or less, particularly 50 ppb or less
- calcium (Ca) content is 100 ppb or less, 50 ppb or less
- Cr chromium
- Ni nickel
- metal content is preferably 100 ppb or less, particularly preferably 50 ppb or less.
- the reduction of the metal content in these monomers can be carried out according to a known method, and can usually be carried out by distillation or sublimation.
- polymerization inhibitor examples include hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, phenothiazine, 4-tert-butylcatechol, 3,5-dibutyl-4-hydroxytoluene, 2,6-dinitro-p-cresol and the like.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer of the present invention is obtained from vinyl sulfonic acid having a high double bond content and a low metal content, the content of impurities is low, the metal content is also low, and the quality is excellent. Yes.
- the copolymer of the present invention has at least one selected from the group consisting of (i) sodium (Na) content of 1 ppm or less in the copolymer and (ii) an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal.
- the metal content is 1 ppm or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of at least one metal selected from the first transition metals is 1 ppm or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 1 ppm or less
- the content of each metal of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) is 1 ppm or less.
- the copolymer of the present invention contains at least one selected from the group consisting of (i) a sodium (Na) content of 200 ppb or less and (ii) an alkaline earth metal and a first transition metal in the copolymer.
- the metal content is 200 ppb or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 200 ppb or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 200 ppb or less
- the content of at least one metal selected from the first transition metals is 200 ppb or less.
- the content of sodium (Na) is 200 ppb or less
- the content of calcium (Ca) is 200 ppb or less
- the content of each metal of iron (Fe), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) is 200p Those below pb are included.
- the proportion of the monomer constituting the copolymer can be set according to the purpose and is not particularly limited.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid is 1 to 99 mol%, particularly about 10 to 90 mol%, and others.
- the monomer is about 99 to 1 mol%, particularly about 90 to 10 mol%.
- the copolymer of the present invention includes a copolymer obtained by polymerizing 10 to 90 mol% of vinyl sulfonic acid with 90 to 10 mol% of another monomer.
- the molecular weight of the copolymer can also be set according to the purpose and is not particularly limited.
- the weight average molecular weight measured by the SEC method is about 500 to 50,000,000, particularly 2,000 to 5,000,000. Degree.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer of the present invention has a low metal content and can be suitably used as a raw material for electric / electronic materials.
- Examples of electrical materials include fuel cell electrolyte membranes, organic EL thin film, and battery peripheral materials.
- examples of electronic materials include semiconductor peripheral materials, conductive polymer materials, and circuit board materials.
- the copolymer of the present invention is used as a material for a fuel cell electrolyte membrane, a polymer for a photoresist, a dopant for a conductive polymer, a polymer for an organic EL thin film, and / or a raw material thereof. be able to.
- Method of producing the copolymer of Preparation vinylsulfonic acid copolymer is not particularly limited, in general, carried out by radical polymerization, photopolymerization or radiation polymerization.
- Radical polymerization is carried out by mixing vinyl sulfonic acid or an aqueous vinyl sulfonic acid solution with another monomer or an aqueous solution thereof, adding a small amount of initiator and heating.
- the initiator a peroxide, a persulfate, an azo compound, or a redox initiator can be used.
- Photopolymerization is performed by mixing vinylsulfonic acid or a vinylsulfonic acid aqueous solution with another monomer or an aqueous solution thereof and irradiating it with light. For example, it can be performed by irradiating with sunlight, ultraviolet rays or the like. Moreover, you may add a photopolymerizable crosslinking agent, a photoinitiator, a photoinitiator, etc. as needed. In particular, the reaction is preferably performed in the presence of N, N-dimethylformamide.
- Radiation polymerization is performed by mixing vinyl sulfonic acid or a vinyl sulfonic acid aqueous solution with another monomer or an aqueous solution thereof and irradiating it with radiation.
- the copolymer of the present invention can be purified according to a known method in order to further reduce the metal content.
- the purification method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a solvent reprecipitation method and an ion exchange method.
- the solvent reprecipitation method is a purification method in which a polymer is dissolved in as little solvent as possible and added dropwise to a solvent having low solubility in the polymer to cause precipitation.
- the ion exchange method is a purification method in which a polymer is dissolved in a solvent and metal ions are exchanged using an ion exchange resin.
- the present invention provides an electrical / electronic material containing the vinyl sulfonic acid, a homopolymer or a copolymer thereof.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention, a homopolymer or a copolymer thereof can be suitably used as a raw material for producing an electric / electronic material.
- the electric / electronic material means an electric material and / or an electronic material.
- Examples of the electric / electronic materials containing the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention include polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, organic EL thin films, battery peripheral materials, semiconductor peripheral materials, conductive polymer materials, circuit board materials, and the like.
- the electric / electronic materials containing the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer and / or copolymer of the present invention include polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, organic EL thin films, battery peripheral materials, semiconductor peripheral materials, and conductive polymers. Examples thereof include materials and circuit board materials.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer and / or copolymer of the present invention is suitably used as a material for a polymer electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, a photoresist composition and a conductive polymer composition.
- Polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell The polymer electrolyte membrane can be obtained by forming the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer of the present invention.
- the film forming method is not particularly limited, but can be performed by a method of forming a film from a solution state (solution casting method) or a method of forming a film from a molten state (such as a melt press method or a melt extrusion method).
- the thickness of the film is not particularly limited, but can be appropriately set in order to obtain desired characteristics.
- the film thickness can be controlled by the solution concentration or the coating thickness on the substrate.
- the melt pressing method or the melt extrusion method it can be controlled by the spacer thickness, the die gap, the take-up speed, and the like.
- additives such as a plasticizer, a stabilizer, a mold release agent, etc. which are used for a normal polymer, can be used within the range which is not contrary to the object of the present invention.
- the obtained electrolyte membrane can be suitably used for a fuel cell.
- the method for producing the fuel cell is not particularly limited, and can be carried out according to a known method except that a membrane using the polymer of the present invention is used as the polymer electrolyte membrane.
- the configuration of the fuel cell is not particularly limited, and a known configuration can be adopted.
- an oxygen electrode, a fuel electrode, an electrolyte membrane sandwiched between the oxygen electrode and the fuel electrode, an oxidant distribution plate having an oxidant channel disposed outside the oxygen electrode, and an outside of the fuel electrode examples include a fuel distribution plate having a fuel flow path arranged.
- a photoresist composition can be produced by mixing the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention, or a homopolymer or copolymer thereof, with water or an organic solvent according to a conventional method. it can. If necessary, the photoresist composition may contain other components such as other water-soluble polymers and alkali-soluble polymers, surfactants, photopolymerizable crosslinking agents, photopolymerization initiators, sensitizers, light An acid generator and the like can also be included.
- the ratio of the polymer can be appropriately set according to water or an organic solvent, other components, lithography conditions, and the like.
- a resist film can be formed to form a photosensitive film pattern of a semiconductor element.
- the formation method of the resist film can also be performed according to a conventional method, but in general, it is formed by applying a photoresist composition to a substrate, solidifying by heating, and volatilizing the solvent.
- Application methods include methods such as spin coating, cast coating, and roll coating.
- the substrate include a silicon wafer, glass, alumina, and Teflon (registered trademark).
- the exposure source include a semiconductor laser, a metal halide lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, an excimer laser, and an electron beam.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer of the present invention can be used as a dopant for a conductive polymer.
- Examples of the conductive polymer include polythiophene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole.
- the conductive polymer composition is formed by ionically bonding the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer to the conductive polymer and the conductive polymer, or in the presence of the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer or copolymer.
- the monomer forming the polymer can be produced by electrolytic polymerization or chemical polymerization.
- the conductive polymer composition can be formed into a film and used as a conductive polymer film.
- a film formation method a casting method or spin coating method performed by dissolving in an appropriate solvent, a melting method using a conductive polymer that melts, an electrolytic polymerization method, a vacuum deposition method, a plasma polymerization method, a Langmuir Blodget method, Molecular self-assembly method and the like can be mentioned.
- Conductive polymer compositions or films obtained therefrom are used in various optoelectronic component applications such as polymer light emitting diodes, organic photovoltaics, secondary batteries, conductive polymer sensors, thin film transistors, electroluminescent devices, electrolytic capacitors Can be used.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention has a high double bond content and a low metal content. According to the present invention, a high-quality vinyl sulfonic acid that is less colored and less discolored with time can be obtained.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid homopolymer and copolymer of the present invention obtained by using the vinyl sulfonic acid as a monomer have almost no impurities, low metal content, and excellent quality.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid, homopolymer and copolymer of the present invention have sufficient durability even in a harsh environment under a high temperature and strong oxidizing atmosphere. It can be suitably used as an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell, a photoresist composition, a conductive polymer composition, or the like, or a raw material thereof.
- the present invention provides a thin film distillation apparatus suitable for the production of high quality vinyl sulfonic acid. If it refine
- the present invention enables industrial production of high-quality vinyl sulfonic acid.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a thin film distillation apparatus used in Examples II-2 to II-4 of the present invention.
- Wiper part composed of a tantalum part and a fluororesin (Teflon (registered trademark) part 12 ...
- Wall surface for collecting the falling wall of the tower wall glass (Pyrex (registered trademark)) 13 ... Vinyl sulfonic acid vapor outlet
- the metal content is measured using an ICP mass spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., model name: X series, X7 ICP-MS) using the internal standard method, and subtracting the operation blank value performed at the same time. The amount was determined.
- ICP mass spectrometer Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., model name: X series, X7 ICP-MS
- the acid value and iodine value were measured according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K0070-1992.
- the acid value was measured by a neutralization titration method.
- the double bond content was calculated by the following formula from the measured iodine value.
- Double bond content (% by weight) (iodine value) ⁇ (108.1 / 2) /126.9
- 108.1 is the molecular weight of vinyl sulfonic acid
- 126.9 is the atomic weight of iodine.
- the metal removal rate (sodium removal rate) was determined from the measured value of the acid value according to the following formula.
- Demetalization rate (%) ⁇ (acid value after demetallation treatment) / (acid value before demetallation treatment) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- yield (%) ⁇ (iodine value after metal removal treatment) / (iodine value before metal removal treatment) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- Recovery (%) ⁇ (iodine value after distillation) / (iodine value before distillation) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer was measured under the following conditions A or B.
- a Condition Measured by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) method using 0.2M sodium nitrate aqueous solution as a solvent and polyethylene oxide as a standard sample.
- SEC size exclusion chromatography
- UV-visible spectrophotometer UV-2450 manufactured by Takashimazu Co., Ltd.
- UV-2450 manufactured by Takashimazu Co., Ltd.
- TG-DTA Differential thermal-thermogravimetric simultaneous measurement
- Comparative Example I-1 Sodium removal treatment with hydrochloric acid and batch distillation 25% sodium vinylsulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was added to 3 kg of 35% hydrochloric acid and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. did. Next, about 4 L of water was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the sodium salt was removed by filtering the precipitated salt. This sodium removal treatment was further performed twice, and sodium vinylsulfonate was replaced with hydrogen to obtain an aqueous vinylsulfonate solution.
- N-SVS-25 manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before sodium removal treatment and the acid value after three sodium removal treatments was 93.5%.
- the yield determined from the iodine value before the sodium removal treatment and the iodine value after the third sodium removal treatment was 94.8%.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid aqueous solution 4.5 kg was distilled under reduced pressure in a 5 L glass flask to obtain 2.1 kg vinyl sulfonic acid.
- the recovery rate was 67%.
- the degree of vacuum was about 500 to 1000 Pa, and the fluctuation was large, and it was difficult to maintain the degree of vacuum.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a double bond content of 98% by weight, an Fe content of 750 ppb, an Na content of 5.7 ppm, a Ca content of 240 ppb, a Cr content of 330 ppb, and an Ni content of 220 ppb, and was colored dark dark purple from the time of distillation. .
- the residue was black with no fluidity.
- Comparative Example I-2 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Batch Concentration
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) regenerated in advance with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went.
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 98.4%.
- the yield was 94.3%.
- the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition 0.6 kg obtained by this sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- a vinyl sulfonic acid having a double bond content of 75% by weight, Fe content of 1000 ppb, Na content of 0.11% by weight, Ca content of 430 ppb, Cr content of 130 ppb and Ni content of 24 ppb was obtained.
- Example I-1 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went.
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 98.4%.
- the yield was 94.3%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid composition was continuously fed with 4.2 kg, and continuous distillation under reduced pressure was attempted with a thin film distillation apparatus.
- the temperature condition was 160 to 200 ° C.
- the degree of vacuum was maintained at 70 Pa, and the distillation operation could be stably continued. Further, there was no odor of sulfurous acid gas, and the recovery rate was kept at about 94%.
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid had a double bond content of 97.5% by weight, an Fe content of 455 ppb, an Na content of 465 ppb, a Ca content of 50 ppb, and a Cr content of 120 ppb.
- the progress of coloring was not observed. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example I-2 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 96.5%. The yield was 97.0%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C strongly acidic ion exchange resin
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid composition was continuously fed in an amount of 5.2 kg, and continuous distillation was attempted under reduced pressure using a thin film distillation apparatus.
- the temperature condition was 180 to 220 ° C.
- the degree of vacuum was maintained at 70 to 90 Pa, and the distillation operation could be stably continued. Further, there was no odor of sulfurous acid gas, and the recovery rate was kept at about 90%.
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid had a double bond content of 96% by weight, an Fe content of 730 ppb, an Na content of 220 ppb, a Ca content of 130 ppb, a Cr content of 155 ppb, and an Ni content of 145 ppb.
- the progress of coloring was not observed. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example I-3 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strong acid ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 96.8%. The yield was 95.3%. 400 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid has a double bond content of 97% by weight, an Fe content of 44 ppb, an Na content of 35 ppb, a Ca content of 160 ppb, a Cr content of 9 ppb, and an Ni content of 6 ppb.
- the progress of coloring was not observed. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example I-4 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 96.8%. The yield was 95.3%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C strongly acidic ion exchange resin
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid composition was continuously fed in an amount of 3.5 kg, and continuous distillation was attempted under reduced pressure using a thin film distillation apparatus.
- the temperature condition was 190 to 200 ° C.
- the degree of vacuum was maintained at 65 to 130 Pa, and the distillation operation could be stably continued. Further, there was no odor of sulfurous acid gas, and the recovery rate was kept at about 14%.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a high purity with a double bond content of 97% by weight and was pale yellow when distilled.
- the residue produced during the distillation was subjected to continuous distillation under reduced pressure using a thin film distillation apparatus under the same conditions as described above. As a result, the recovery rate was about 17%, and the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a high purity with a double bond content of 98% by weight and was pale yellow when distilled.
- All of the vinyl sulfonic acids obtained in these 5 times have a double bond content of 99% by weight, and each content of Fe, Na, Ca, Cr, and Ni is less than 1 ppm, and are thin during distillation. It was yellow. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example I-5 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 99%. The yield was 90%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C strongly acidic ion exchange resin
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid composition was continuously fed in an amount of 5.2 kg, and continuous distillation was attempted under reduced pressure using a thin film distillation apparatus.
- the temperature condition was 209 to 221 ° C.
- the degree of vacuum was maintained at 15 to 25 Pa, and the distillation operation could be stably continued. Further, there was no odor of sulfurous acid gas, and the recovery rate was kept at about 90%.
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid has a double bond content of 97.2% by weight, an Fe content of 415 ppb, an Na content of 62 ppb, a Cr content of 141 ppb, and an Ni content of 113 ppb. No progress was observed. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example I-6 Polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid by ultraviolet irradiation
- N, N-dimethylformamide special grade reagent manufactured by Katayama Chemical Co., Ltd.
- ultraviolet rays of 360 nm were irradiated using a UV irradiator.
- the system became a transparent resinous solid.
- the obtained polymer was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of aqueous tetrahydrofuran.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered, dissolved again in ion-exchanged water, dropped into tetrahydrofuran 20 times the weight of the aqueous solution, the produced precipitate was filtered, and dried in a vacuum at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a pale yellow transparent solid, which was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 as measured by size exclusion chromatography (hereinafter “SEC”) (A condition).
- SEC size exclusion chromatography
- Example I-7 Radical polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid 10 g of the vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example I-3 was mixed with 10 g of ion-exchanged water, and 0.2 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was mixed. Was added, and after sufficiently degassed and sealed under reduced pressure, polymerization was carried out at 60 ° C. in the dark.
- the obtained polymer was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of aqueous tetrahydrofuran.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered, dissolved again in ion-exchanged water, then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of tetrahydrofuran as an aqueous solution, the resulting precipitate was filtered, and heated and dried in vacuo at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a light yellow transparent solid and was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 3.3 ⁇ 10 4 as measured by SEC (A condition).
- Comparative Example II-1 Sodium Removal Treatment with Hydrochloric Acid 3 kg of 35% hydrochloric acid was added to 7.5 kg of a 25% aqueous sodium vinylsulfonate solution (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd., N-SVS-25), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Next, about 4 L of water was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the sodium salt was removed by filtering the precipitated salt. This sodium removal treatment was further performed twice, and sodium vinylsulfonate was replaced with hydrogen to obtain an aqueous vinylsulfonate solution.
- a 25% aqueous sodium vinylsulfonate solution manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd., N-SVS-25
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before sodium removal treatment and the acid value after three sodium removal treatments was 93.5%.
- the yield determined from the iodine value before the sodium removal treatment and the iodine value after the third sodium removal treatment was 94.8%.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid aqueous solution 4.5 kg was distilled under reduced pressure in a 5 L glass flask to obtain 2.1 kg vinyl sulfonic acid.
- the recovery rate was 67%.
- the degree of vacuum was about 500 to 1000 Pa, and the fluctuation was large, and it was difficult to maintain the degree of vacuum.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a double bond content of 98% by weight, an Fe content of 750 ppb, an Na content of 5.7 ppm, a Ca content of 240 ppb, a Cr content of 330 ppb, and an Ni content of 220 ppb, and was colored dark dark purple from the time of distillation. .
- the residue was black with no fluidity.
- Comparative Example II-2 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Batch Concentration
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went.
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 98.4%.
- the yield was 94.3%.
- the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition 0.6 kg obtained by this sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- a vinyl sulfonic acid having a double bond content of 75% by weight, Fe content of 1000 ppb, Na content of 0.11% by weight, Ca content of 430 ppb, Cr content of 130 ppb and Ni content of 24 ppb was obtained.
- Comparative Example II-3 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 98.4%. The yield was 94.3%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C strongly acidic ion exchange resin
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid composition was continuously fed with 4.2 kg, and continuous distillation under reduced pressure was attempted with a thin film distillation apparatus.
- the temperature condition was 160 to 200 ° C.
- the degree of vacuum was maintained at 70 Pa, and the distillation operation could be stably continued. Further, there was no odor of sulfurous acid gas, and the recovery rate was kept at about 94%.
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid had a double bond content of 97.5% by weight, an Fe content of 455 ppb, an Na content of 465 ppb, a Ca content of 50 ppb, and a Cr content of 120 ppb.
- the progress of coloring was not observed. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example II-1 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went.
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 98.4%.
- the yield was 94.3%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid has a high purity with a double bond content of 97% by weight, an Fe content of 24 ppb, an Na content of 25 ppb, a Ca content of 30 ppb, a Cr content of 5 ppb, and an Ni content of 4 ppb. No progress of coloring was observed even after months. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example II-2 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) regenerated in advance with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went.
- the sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 98.4%.
- the yield was 94.3%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid has a high purity with a double bond content of 97% by weight, an Fe content of 7 ppb, an Na content of 25 ppb, a Ca content of less than 20 ppb, a Cr content of less than 1 ppb, and an Ni content of less than 1 ppb. There was no color development even after 6 months. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example II-3 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 96.8%. The yield was 95.3%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C strongly acidic ion exchange resin
- the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a high purity with a double bond content of 97% by weight and was pale yellow when distilled.
- the residue produced during the distillation was subjected to continuous distillation under reduced pressure using a thin film distillation apparatus under the same conditions as described above. As a result, the recovery rate was about 17%, and the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a high purity with a double bond content of 98% by weight and was pale yellow when distilled.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in these 5 times has a high purity with a double bond content of 99% by weight, Fe content of 10-15 ppb, Na content of less than 10 ppb, Ca content of less than 20 ppb, Cr content of less than 1 ppb and Ni content of less than 1 ppb. And when distilling, it was light yellow. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Test example 1 Table 1 shows the measurement results of the absorbances at 248 nm and 365 nm of the vinyl sulfonic acids obtained in Example I-2 and Example II-2.
- both the vinyl sulfonic acids obtained in Examples I-2 and II-2 had low absorbance.
- the vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-2 has a smaller absorbance, that is, a larger transmittance.
- the photoresist composition when vinyl sulfonic acid with low metal content is used in the photoresist composition, the light transmittance during exposure is high, and the resist pattern of the photoresist film formed after development is formed with a stable line width. Expected to be able to.
- Example II-4 Sodium Removal Treatment with Strong Acid Ion Exchange Resin and Thin Film Distillation
- 26 L of strongly acidic ion exchange resin (DOWEX (registered trademark) Monosphere 650C) previously regenerated with hydrochloric acid was placed in a column tower having an inner diameter of 200 mm and a height of 900 mm. Packed, 12.2 kg of 25% by weight sodium vinyl sulfonate aqueous solution (N-SVS-25, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Finechem Co., Ltd.) was introduced from the bottom of the column, and then washed with 100 kg of ion-exchanged water from the bottom of the column to remove sodium. Went. The sodium removal rate determined from the acid value before and after one sodium removal treatment was 99%. The yield was 88.4%. 300 kg of the diluted vinyl sulfonic acid composition thus obtained by the sodium removal treatment was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- DOWEX registered trademark
- Monosphere 650C strongly acidic ion exchange resin
- the resulting vinyl sulfonic acid has a high purity with a double bond content of 98.1% by weight, an Fe content of 1.5 ppb, an Na content of 10 ppb, a Ca content of less than 20 ppb and a Cr content of less than 1 ppb, and is pale yellow upon distillation. No progress of coloring was observed after 6 months. Further, although a residue was produced during distillation, it became black brown and fluid and could be easily washed.
- Example II-5 Polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid by ultraviolet irradiation
- 2 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-2 and N, N- After mixing 1 g of dimethylformamide (special grade reagent manufactured by Katayama Chemical Co., Ltd.) (0.74 mol with respect to 1 mol of vinyl sulfonic acid), ultraviolet rays of 360 nm were irradiated using a UV irradiator. After polymerization for 1 hour at a polymerization temperature of 35 to 45 ° C., the system became a transparent resinous solid.
- dimethylformamide special grade reagent manufactured by Katayama Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the obtained polymer was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of aqueous tetrahydrofuran.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered, dissolved again in ion-exchanged water, dropped into tetrahydrofuran 20 times the weight of the aqueous solution, the produced precipitate was filtered, and dried in a vacuum at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a light yellow transparent solid and was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 when measured by SEC (A condition).
- Example II-6 Radical polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid 10 g of the vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-2 was mixed with 10 g of ion-exchanged water, and 0.2 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was mixed. Was added, and after sufficiently degassed and sealed under reduced pressure, polymerization was performed at 60 ° C. in the dark.
- the obtained polymer was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of aqueous tetrahydrofuran.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered, dissolved again in ion-exchanged water, dropped into tetrahydrofuran 20 times the weight of the aqueous solution, the produced precipitate was filtered, and dried in a vacuum at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a light yellow transparent solid and was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 3.3 ⁇ 10 4 as measured by SEC (A condition).
- Comparative Example II-4 Sodium polyvinyl sulfonate Sodium polyvinyl sulfonate (manufactured by Aldrich) was evaluated for molecular weight measurement and thermophysical properties. When the molecular weight was measured by SEC (A condition), the weight average molecular weight was 9.0 ⁇ 10 4 .
- Test example 2 Table 2 shows the results of differential thermal-thermogravimetric measurement (TG-DTA) measurement of the polymers obtained in Examples I-7 and II-5 and the polymer of Comparative Example II-4.
- Td 10% indicates a 10% thermal decomposition temperature.
- the polymer obtained using the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention was found to have a Td of 10% of 150 ° C. or higher.
- the sodium polyvinyl sulfonate of Comparative Example II-4 is excellent in thermal stability because the sulfonic acid group is in the form of a sodium salt.
- sodium polyvinyl sulfonate is a metal salt, it is water-soluble and ionizes in the presence of water. Therefore, it is unsuitable as a fuel cell membrane.
- Vinyl sulfonic acid has only a vinyl group and a sulfonic acid group because of its structure. Therefore, a polymer formed using vinyl sulfonic acid as a monomer has a very high density of sulfonic acid groups as compared to polymers formed using other sulfonic acid group-containing vinyl monomers.
- the polymer obtained using the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention has few impurities and a low metal content, the density of sulfonic acid groups is further increased.
- the polymer obtained using the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention is excellent in thermal stability and is a general operating temperature of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell. It can be inferred that it is sufficiently stable from room temperature to about 120 ° C.
- the polymer of the present invention is obtained by using a vinylsulfonic acid having a low metal content, it can be estimated that the metal content is also reduced and the oxidation resistance of the polymer electrolyte membrane is improved.
- the polyvinyl sulfonic acid polymer of the present invention can be used as an excellent material for an excellent polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells.
- Test Example 3 Chemical Oxidation Polymerization of PEDOT / PVS and Its Electrical Conductivity 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene was chemically oxidatively polymerized in an aqueous solution of polyvinyl sulfonic acid (hereinafter “PVS”) to obtain poly (3,4- A conductive polymer composition PEDOT / PVS composed of ethylenedioxythiophene (hereinafter “PEDOT”) and polyvinyl sulfonic acid (hereinafter “PVS”) was synthesized.
- PVS polyvinyl sulfonic acid
- the obtained PEDOT / PVS dispersion was cast on a Teflon (registered trademark) plate, heated and dried overnight at 40 ° C., and then subjected to electrical conductivity at room temperature using a four-deep-needle measuring instrument (Kyowa Riken K-705RS). Was measured.
- PEDOT / PVS showed a higher value than the electrical conductivity of PEDOT / PSS.
- PEDOT is dispersed in water using PSS as a dopant, and PVS is considered to function as a dopant in the same manner as PSS.
- PSS since PSS has an aromatic ring, it has a high glass transition point and poor contact with the substrate.
- PVS does not have an aromatic ring, it is expected that the glass transition point is low and the contact property with the substrate is excellent.
- PVS can be used as a dopant of a conductive polymer superior to PSS.
- Example III-1 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate by UV irradiation
- a 4.5 ml quartz cell 0.5 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example I-1, 0.5 g of methyl methacrylate and N , N-dimethylformamide 0.5 g was added and mixed uniformly.
- Methyl methacrylate is charged with methyl methacrylate (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask, and 0.1% by weight of hydroquinone monomethyl ether is added to methyl methacrylate.
- the product purified by distillation under reduced pressure was used.
- the resulting mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 20 minutes. Thereafter, the reaction solution was dropped into a large amount of methanol to separate a white solid.
- the obtained white solid was heated and vacuum dried at 50 ° C. for a whole day and night to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a white transparent solid, which was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1.1 ⁇ 10 6 as measured by SEC (B condition).
- Example III-2 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate by UV irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example III-1, except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate were changed to the values shown in Table 4. To obtain a copolymer.
- Example III-3 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate by ultraviolet irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example III-1, except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate were changed to the values shown in Table 4. To obtain a copolymer.
- Table 4 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples III-1 to III-3 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- mol% is based on the number of moles calculated from the weight (g) of the monomer, and the number of moles of each monomer constituting the copolymer is defined as 100. The ratio of the number of moles is shown.
- Example III-4 Radical polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid
- a 50 ml eggplant flask 1.73 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example I-1 and acrylic acid (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0 .29 g, 44 mg of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and 4 ml of ion-exchanged water as a reaction solvent were added.
- 44 mg of ammonium persulfate corresponds to 1 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of vinylsulfonic acid and acrylic acid.
- the methanol filtrate was concentrated and dropped into a large amount of tetrahydrofuran to separate a white solid.
- the obtained white solid was dried under reduced pressure by heating at 60 ° C. for 2 days to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was soluble in water, methanol, N, N-dimethylformamide and the like. Further, when the obtained polymer was measured by SEC (B condition), it was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 8 ⁇ 10 4 .
- Example III-5 Radical polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example III-4 except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid were set to the values shown in Table 5. Coalescence was obtained.
- Example III-6 Radical polymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example III-4 except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid were set to the values shown in Table 5. Coalescence was obtained.
- Table 5 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples III-4 to III-6 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- Example III-7 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide by ultraviolet irradiation
- a quartz cell 0.5 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example I-1 and acrylamide (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) ) 0.5 g and N, N-dimethylformamide 0.5 g were added and mixed uniformly, followed by UV irradiation for 20 minutes to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and then dropped into acetonitrile 20 times the weight of the aqueous solution.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered and dissolved again in ion-exchanged water, and then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of acetonitrile of the aqueous solution.
- the produced precipitate was filtered, and dried in a vacuum at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was measured by SEC (A condition), it was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 4.0 ⁇ 10 5 .
- Example III-8 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide by ultraviolet irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example III-7, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide was changed to the values shown in Table 6. A polymer was obtained.
- Example III-9 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide by ultraviolet irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example III-7, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide was changed to the values shown in Table 6. A polymer was obtained.
- Table 6 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples III-7 to III-9 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- Example III-10 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by ultraviolet irradiation
- a petri dish of 55 mm ⁇ 0.6 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example I-1, 2.0 g of acrylonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide 0 .3 g and azobisisobutyronitrile 25 mg were added and mixed uniformly.
- Acrylonitrile is prepared by charging acrylonitrile (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) into a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass 4-diameter flask, adding 0.1% by weight of hydroquinone monomethyl ether to acrylonitrile, and performing distillation under reduced pressure.
- acrylonitrile a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the purified product, N, N-dimethylformamide was purified by charging N, N-dimethylformamide (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) into a pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask and performing distillation under reduced pressure. I used something.
- the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 25 minutes. Thereafter, the obtained polymer was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide and then added dropwise to ion-exchanged water having a weight 20 times that of the solution. The resulting precipitate was filtered and heated and dried in vacuo at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a white transparent solid and was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2.0 ⁇ 10 6 as measured by SEC (B condition).
- Example III-11 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by UV irradiation The same as Example III-10, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid, acrylonitrile and N, N-dimethylformamide was set to the values shown in Table 7. Polymerization was carried out to obtain a copolymer.
- Example III-12 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by UV irradiation The same as Example III-10, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid, acrylonitrile and N, N-dimethylformamide was set to the values shown in Table 7. Polymerization was carried out to obtain a copolymer.
- Table 7 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples III-10 to III-12 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- Example III-13 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by UV irradiation
- a 10 mm quartz cell 0.9 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example I-5, 1.0 g of acrylonitrile, and N, N-dimethylformamide 0.45 g was added and mixed uniformly, and then irradiated with UV for 40 minutes to obtain a polymer.
- Acrylonitrile was prepared by charging acrylonitrile (a reagent manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) into a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask and performing distillation under reduced pressure.
- N, N-dimethylformamide is N, N-dimethyl.
- Formamide (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was charged into a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask and purified by distillation under reduced pressure.
- the resulting polymer was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide and then added dropwise to isopropyl alcohol having a weight 20 times that of the solution.
- the resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with 100 ml of isopropyl alcohol, and then heated and dried in vacuo at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain 0.28 g of a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was measured by SEC (Condition B), it was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 3.2 ⁇ 10 6 .
- the polymer was ion-exchanged with sodium chloride, titrated with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the proportion of vinyl sulfonic acid units in the polymer was measured to be 12.8% by weight.
- Example III-13 From the results of Example III-13, the copolymer with acrylonitrile obtained by using vinylsulfonic acid having a high purity and a low metal content contains a large amount of vinylsulfonic acid units and obtains a high molecular weight polymer. I found out that
- a high molecular weight vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer has good film forming properties and can form a strong film.
- Example IV-1 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate by UV irradiation
- a 4.5 ml quartz cell 0.5 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-1, 0.5 g of methyl methacrylate and N , N-dimethylformamide 0.5 g was added and mixed uniformly.
- Methyl methacrylate is charged with methyl methacrylate (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) in a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask, and 0.1% by weight of hydroquinone monomethyl ether is added to methyl methacrylate.
- the product purified by distillation under reduced pressure was used.
- the obtained mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 20 minutes. Thereafter, the reaction solution was dropped into a large amount of methanol to separate a white solid. The obtained white solid was heated and vacuum dried at 50 ° C. for a whole day and night to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a white transparent solid, which was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 1.1 ⁇ 10 6 as measured by SEC (B condition).
- Example IV-2 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate by UV irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example IV-1, except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate were changed to the values shown in Table 8. To obtain a copolymer.
- Example IV-3 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate by UV irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example IV-1, except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and methyl methacrylate were changed to the values shown in Table 8. To obtain a copolymer.
- Table 8 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples IV-1 to IV-3 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- Example IV-4 Radical copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid
- a 50 ml eggplant flask 1.73 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-1 and acrylic acid (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0.29 g, 44 mg of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, and 4 ml of ion-exchanged water as a reaction solvent were added.
- 44 mg of ammonium persulfate corresponds to 1 mol% with respect to the total number of moles of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid.
- the methanol filtrate was concentrated and dropped into a large amount of tetrahydrofuran to separate a white solid.
- the obtained white solid was dried under reduced pressure by heating at 60 ° C. for 2 days to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was soluble in water, methanol, N, N-dimethylformamide and the like. Further, when the obtained polymer was measured by SEC (B condition), it was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 8 ⁇ 10 4 .
- Example IV-5 Radical copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example IV-4 except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid were changed to the values shown in Table 9. A polymer was obtained.
- Example IV-6 Radical copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example IV-4 except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylic acid were changed to the values shown in Table 9. A polymer was obtained.
- Table 9 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples IV-4 to IV-6 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- Example IV-7 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide by UV irradiation Into a 4.5 ml quartz cell, 0.5 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-2 and acrylamide (reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) ) 0.5 g and N, N-dimethylformamide 0.5 g were added and mixed uniformly, followed by UV irradiation for 20 minutes to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was dissolved in ion-exchanged water and then dropped into acetonitrile 20 times the weight of the aqueous solution.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered and dissolved again in ion-exchanged water, and then added dropwise to 20 times the weight of acetonitrile of the aqueous solution.
- the produced precipitate was filtered, and dried in a vacuum at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was measured by SEC (A condition), it was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 4.0 ⁇ 10 5 .
- Example IV-8 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide by ultraviolet irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example IV-7, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide was changed to the values shown in Table 10. A polymer was obtained.
- Example IV-9 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide by UV irradiation Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example IV-7, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylamide was set to the values shown in Table 10. A polymer was obtained.
- Table 10 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples IV-7 to IV-9 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- Example IV-10 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by ultraviolet irradiation
- a petri dish of 55 mm ⁇ 0.6 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-2, 2.0 g of acrylonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide 0 .3 g and azobisisobutyronitrile 25 mg were added and mixed uniformly.
- Acrylonitrile is prepared by charging acrylonitrile (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) into a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass 4-diameter flask, adding 0.1% by weight of hydroquinone monomethyl ether to acrylonitrile, and performing distillation under reduced pressure.
- acrylonitrile a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the purified product, N, N-dimethylformamide was purified by charging N, N-dimethylformamide (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) into a pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask and performing distillation under reduced pressure. I used something.
- the mixture was irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 25 minutes. Thereafter, the obtained polymer was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide and then added dropwise to ion-exchanged water having a weight 20 times that of the solution. The resulting precipitate was filtered and heated and dried in vacuo at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was a white transparent solid and was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2.0 ⁇ 10 6 as measured by SEC (B condition).
- Example IV-11 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by UV irradiation The same as Example IV-10, except that the weights of vinyl sulfonic acid, acrylonitrile and N, N-dimethylformamide were set to the values shown in Table 11. Polymerization was carried out to obtain a copolymer.
- Example IV-12 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by UV irradiation The same as Example IV-10, except that the weight of vinyl sulfonic acid, acrylonitrile and N, N-dimethylformamide was set to the values shown in Table 11. Polymerization was carried out to obtain a copolymer.
- Table 11 shows the weight and mol% of the monomers used in Examples IV-10 to IV-12 and the weight average molecular weight of the obtained copolymer.
- a vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer having a sufficient weight average molecular weight is obtained using the vinyl sulfonic acid of the present invention.
- Example IV-13 Copolymerization of vinyl sulfonic acid and acrylonitrile by UV irradiation
- a 10 mm quartz cell 0.9 g of vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-4, 1.0 g of acrylonitrile, and N, N-dimethylformamide 0.45 g was added and mixed uniformly, and then irradiated with UV for 40 minutes to obtain a polymer.
- Acrylonitrile was prepared by charging acrylonitrile (a reagent manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) into a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask and performing distillation under reduced pressure.
- N, N-dimethylformamide is N, N-dimethyl.
- Formamide (a reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was charged into a Pyrex (registered trademark) glass four-diameter flask and purified by distillation under reduced pressure.
- the resulting polymer was dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide and then added dropwise to isopropyl alcohol having a weight 20 times that of the solution.
- the resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with 100 ml of isopropyl alcohol, and then heated and dried in vacuo at 50 ° C. overnight to obtain 0.19 g of a polymer.
- the obtained polymer was measured by SEC (B condition), it was a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 3.8 ⁇ 10 6 .
- the polymer was ion-exchanged with sodium chloride, titrated with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, and the proportion of vinyl sulfonic acid units in the polymer was measured to be 13.8% by weight.
- Example IV-13 From the results of Example IV-13, the copolymer with acrylonitrile obtained by using vinylsulfonic acid having a high purity and a low metal content contains a large amount of vinylsulfonic acid units and obtains a high molecular weight polymer. I found out that
- a high molecular weight vinyl sulfonic acid copolymer has good film forming properties and can form a strong film.
- Test example 4 Using the vinyl sulfonic acid obtained in Example II-2, the Q value and e value were determined.
- P 1 is the general reactivity of M 1 (resonance stabilization)
- Q 2 is the degree of M 2 resonance stabilization
- e 1 and e 2 are the polar effects of M 1 and M 2 respectively.
- Styrene is selected as the standard, and the Q value is 1.0 and the e value is -0.8.
- the copolymer of vinyl sulfonic acid and styrene obtained in Example II-2 was synthesized, and as a result, the obtained vinyl sulfonic acid had a Q value of 0.09 and an e value of 1.3.
- Non-Patent Document 2 vinyl sulfonic acid (ethylene sulfonic acid) has a Q value of 0.09 and an e value of 1.3.
- Q 1 and e 1 represent the Q value and e value of vinyl sulfonic acid to be M 1 .
- Q 2 and e 2 represent the Q value and e value of various copolymerized monomers to be M 2 .
- the values shown in the table below quoted from POLYMER HANDBOOK FOURTH EDITION (JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PUBLISHED p. II-318-319) were used for the Q value and e value of the copolymerization monomer.
- Table 13 shows the Q value and e value of the vinyl sulfonic acid according to the present invention and Non-Patent Document 2.
- Table 13 shows the results of the reactivity ratios r 1 and r 2 obtained.
- the copolymer of the present invention is an excellent material for polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells. It is considered to be. *
- the vinyl sulfonic acid polymer of the present invention is obtained by using a low metal amount of vinyl sulfonic acid, the metal content is also reduced, so that the oxidation resistance of the polymer electrolyte membrane can be improved. It is considered possible.
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Abstract
Description
Fuel Cell Technology and Applications / Handbook of Fuel Cells.p647-662.2003
国近三吾、片桐孝夫、工業化学雑誌、第64巻第5号、1961、pp.929-932
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が1ppm以下であることを特徴とするビニルスルホン酸。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を、下記式
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
で表される脱金属率が95%以上となるように脱金属処理して得られるビニルスルホン酸。
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が100ppb以下、及び、
(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が100ppb以下であることを特徴とするビニルスルホン酸。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を、下記式
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
で表される脱金属率が95%以上となるように脱金属処理して得られるビニルスルホン酸。
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
ビニルスルホン酸塩を下記式:
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
で表される脱金属率が95%以上となるように脱金属処理し、
得られた脱金属処理物を、
(1)ビニルスルホン酸又はその組成物と接する部分の全部又は一部がタンタルで形成されている薄膜蒸留装置、又は
(2)蒸留原料を蒸発する蒸留塔と、
前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、前記留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えた前記(1)に記載の薄膜蒸留装置、好ましくは、脱金属処理後のビニルスルホン酸を蒸発する蒸留塔と、前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えた前記(1)に記載の薄膜蒸留装置
を用いて精製して得られる(得られた)ビニルスルホン酸。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を強酸性イオン交換樹脂に接触させて脱金属処理し、
得られた脱金属処理物を、
(1)ビニルスルホン酸又はその組成物と接する部分の全部又は一部がタンタルで形成されている薄膜蒸留装置、又は
(2)蒸留原料を蒸発する蒸留塔と、
前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、前記留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えた前記(1)に記載の薄膜蒸留装置、好ましくは、脱金属処理後のビニルスルホン酸を蒸発する蒸留塔と、前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えた前記(1)に記載の薄膜蒸留装置
を用いて精製して得られる(得られた)ビニルスルホン酸。
前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えることを特徴とする項5に記載の薄膜蒸留装置。
前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えることを特徴とする項5に記載の薄膜蒸留装置。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を脱金属処理する工程、
得られた脱金属処理物を項5又は6に記載の薄膜蒸留装置を用いて精製する工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を下記式:
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
で表される脱金属率が95%以上となるように脱金属処理し、
得られた脱金属処理物を項5又は6に記載の薄膜蒸留装置を用いて精製して得られる(得られた)ビニルスルホン酸。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を下記式:
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
で表される脱金属率が95%以上となるように脱金属処理し、
得られた脱金属処理物を項6に記載の薄膜蒸留装置を用いて精製して得られる(得られた)ビニルスルホン酸。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を強酸性イオン交換樹脂に接触させて脱金属処理し、
得られた脱金属処理物を項5又は6に記載の薄膜蒸留装置を用いて精製して得られる(得られた)ビニルスルホン酸。
ビニルスルホン酸塩を強酸性イオン交換樹脂に接触させて脱金属処理し、
得られた脱金属処理物を項6に記載の薄膜蒸留装置を用いて精製して得られる(得られた)ビニルスルホン酸。
(1)二重結合含量
本発明のビニルスルホン酸は、二重結合含量が95重量%以上、特に97重量%以上、更には99重量%以上である。
二重結合含量(重量%)=(よう素価)×(108.1/2)/126.9
により求めることができる。
(ここで108.1はビニルスルホン酸の分子量で、126.9はよう素の原子量である。)。
本発明のビニルスルホン酸は、(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が1ppm以下、好ましくは500ppb以下、特に300ppb以下である。更に、(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が、1ppm以下、好ましくは800ppb以下、特に500ppb以下である。
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が1ppm以下、
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(iii)第一遷移金属から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が1ppm以下
であるビニルスルホン酸が挙げられる。
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が1ppm以下、
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が1ppm以下、かつ、
(iii)鉄(Fe)、クロム(Cr)及びニッケル(Ni)の各金属の含有量が1ppm以下であるビニルスルホン酸が挙げられる。
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が100ppb以下、
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が100ppb以下、及び、
(iii)第一遷移金属から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が100ppb以下
であるビニルスルホン酸が挙げられる。
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が100ppb以下、
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が100ppb以下、かつ、
(iii)鉄(Fe)、クロム(Cr)及びニッケル(Ni)の各金属の含有量が100ppb以下であるビニルスルホン酸が挙げられる。
本発明のビニルスルホン酸は、上記特性を有するものであれば、その製法は特に限定されないが、下記製法によって得られるものが好ましい。
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備える装置である上記製法4又は5に記載の製法。
CH2=CHSO3M → CH2=CHSO3H
(ここで、Mは塩を形成する金属を示す。具体的には、ナトリウムやカリウムなどを示す)。
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
本発明は、ビニルスルホン酸の製造方法において好適に用いられる薄膜蒸留装置を提供する。換言すると、本発明は、ビニルスルホン酸製造用薄膜蒸留装置又はビニルスルホン酸精製用薄膜蒸留装置を提供する。
蒸留原料の導入口と、
導入された原料を蒸発する蒸留塔と、
蒸留塔の塔頂部に配置された撹拌駆動部と、
蒸留塔内部に配置された、タンタル製の攪拌回転部と、
撹拌回転部に連結された、タンタル製の部分を少なくとも含むワイパー部と、
蒸留塔に連結された真空ポンプ吸引口と、
前記蒸留塔の内部に配置された冷却部と、
前記冷却器で凝縮されたビニルスルホン酸を受けるビニルスルホン酸受器と
蒸留塔の塔底に配置された残渣受器と
を備えた装置が含まれる。
蒸留原料の導入口と、
導入された原料を蒸発する蒸留塔と、
蒸留塔の塔頂部に配置された撹拌駆動部と、
蒸留塔内部に配置された、タンタル製の攪拌回転部と、
撹拌回転部に連結された、タンタル製の部分を少なくとも含むワイパー部と、
蒸留塔の塔底に配置された残渣受器と、
前記蒸留塔の中間部に配置されたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器と、冷却器で凝縮されたビニルスルホン酸を受けるビニルスルホン酸受器と、
ビニルスルホン酸受器に連結した真空ポンプ吸引口と
を備えた装置が含まれる。
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が100ppb以下、及び、
(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が100ppb以下であるビニルスルホン酸は、
上記装置A又は装置Bを用いて精製することにより、適切に製造することができる。
本発明のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体は、上記ビニルスルホン酸を単量体として重合させることにより得られる。換言すると、本発明は、上記ビニルスルホン酸を構成成分とする単独重合体を提供する。
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(iii)第一遷移金属から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が1ppm以下
である。
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(iii)鉄(Fe)、クロム(Cr)及びニッケル(Ni)の各金属の含有量が1ppm以下である。
ビニルスルホン酸単独重合体の製造方法は特に限定されないが、一般に、ラジカル重合、光重合又は放射線重合により行うことができる。
本発明の共重合体は、上記ビニルスルホン酸を構成成分とする共重合体を提供する。即ち、本発明の共重合体は、上記ビニルスルホン酸を必須の単量体として含むものである。
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が100ppb以下、特に50ppb以下、及び、
(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が100ppb以下、特に50ppb以下程度の単量体を用いることが好ましい。
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(iii)第一遷移金属から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が1ppm以下のもの
が含まれる。
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(iii)鉄(Fe)、クロム(Cr)及びニッケル(Ni)の各金属の含有量が1ppm以下のものが含まれる。
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が200ppb以下、及び、
(iii)第一遷移金属から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が200ppb以下の
ものが含まれる。
(ii)カルシウム(Ca)の含有量が200ppb以下、及び、
(iii)鉄(Fe)、クロム(Cr)及びニッケル(Ni)の各金属の含有量が200p
pb以下のものが含まれる。
ビニルスルホン酸共重合体の製造方法は特に限定されないが、一般に、ラジカル重合、光重合又は放射線重合により行われる。
本発明は、上記ビニルスルホン酸、その単独重合体又は共重合体を含む電気・電子材料を提供する。換言すると、上記本発明のビニルスルホン酸、その単独重合体又は共重合体は、電気・電子材料を製造するための原料として好適に使用できる。
高分子電解質膜は、本発明のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体を成膜することにより得ることができる。
フォトレジスト組成物は、本発明のビニルスルホン酸、あるいはその単独重合体又は共重合体を、通常の方法に従い、水や有機溶剤に混合することにより、製造することができる。フォトレジスト組成物には、必要に応じ、他の成分、例えば、他の水溶性重合体やアルカリ可溶性重合体、界面活性剤、光重合性の架橋剤、光重合開始剤、増感剤、光酸発生剤等を含めることもできる。
本発明のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体は、導電性ポリマーのドーパントとして用いることができる。
2…残渣受器:ガラス(パイレックス(登録商標))製
3…ヒーター
4…撹拌駆動部(撹拌モーター)
5…撹拌回転部:タンタル製
6…冷却部:ガラス(パイレックス(登録商標))製
7…撹拌シール部:フッ素樹脂(テフロン(登録商標))製
8…ビニルスルホン酸組成物導入口
9…真空ポンプ吸引口
10…蒸留塔:ガラス(パイレックス(登録商標))製
11…ワイパー部:タンタル製部分とフッ素樹脂(テフロン(登録商標))製部分で構成
12…塔壁流下物回収用壁面:ガラス(パイレックス(登録商標))製
13…ビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口
原料となるビニルスルホン酸塩として、ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウムを用いた。
行った。酸価は、中和滴定法で測定した。
二重結合含量(重量%)=(よう素価)×(108.1/2)/126.9
ここで108.1はビニルスルホン酸の分子量で、126.9はよう素の原子量である。
脱金属率(脱ナトリウム率)は、酸価の測定値から下記式により決定した。
脱金属率(%)={(脱金属処理後の酸価)/(脱金属処理前の酸価)}×100
収率(%)={(脱金属処理後のよう素価)/(脱金属処理前のよう素価)}×100
回収率(%)={(蒸留後のよう素価)/(蒸留前のよう素価)}×100
、昇温速度10℃/分、温度範囲30~450℃で測定した。またこの測定で開始時から10%の重量が減った時点を10%熱分解温度(Td10%)とした。
25%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)7.5Kgに35%塩酸3Kgを加え、室温で30分撹拌した。次いで減圧下、水を約4L濃縮し、析出した塩を濾別することにより、脱ナトリウム処理を行った。この脱ナトリウム処理をさらに2度行い、ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウムのナトリウムを水素に交換させて、ビニルスルホン酸水溶液を得た。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は98.4%であった。また収率は94.3%であった。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は98.4%であった。また収率は94.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は96.5%であった。また収率は97.0%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は96.8%であった。また収率は95.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物400kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は96.8%であった。また収率は95.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は99%であった。また収率は90%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
20mlのサンプル瓶内で、実施例I-3で得られたビニルスルホン酸2gとN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(片山化学社製 試薬特級)1g(ビニルスルホン酸1モルに対し0.74モル)を混合した後、UV照射機を用いて360nmの紫外線を照射した。重合温度35~45℃で1時間重合後、系内は透明樹脂状の固体となった。
重合管で、10gの実施例I-3で得られたビニルスルホン酸を10gのイオン交換水と混合し、0.2gのアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを添加して、十分に減圧脱気封管後、60℃で、暗所で重合を行った。
25%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)7.5Kgに35%塩酸3Kgを加え、室温で30分撹拌した。次いで減圧下、水を約4L濃縮し、析出した塩を濾別することにより、脱ナトリウム処理を行った。この脱ナトリウム処理をさらに2度行い、ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウムのナトリウムを水素に交換させて、ビニルスルホン酸水溶液を得た。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は98.4%であった。また収率は94.3%であった。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は98.4%であった。また収率は94.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は98.4%であった。また収率は94.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は98.4%であった。また収率は94.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は96.8%であった。また収率は95.3%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
実施例I-2及び実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸の248nmと365nmの吸光度の測定結果を表1に示す。
度が小さかった。特に実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸は、より吸光度が小さく、すなわち透過率がより大きくなることがわかった。
あらかじめ塩酸で再生した強酸性イオン交換樹脂(DOWEX(登録商標)モノスフィア 650C)26Lを内径200mm、高さ900mmのカラム塔に充填し、カラム下より25重量%ビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム水溶液(旭化成ファインケム株式会社製、N-SVS-25)12.2Kgを流入し、次にイオン交換水100Kgでカラム下より洗浄して脱ナトリウム処理を行った。1回の脱ナトリウム処理前後の酸価から求めた脱ナトリウム率は99%であった。また収率は88.4%であった。このようにして脱ナトリウム処理により得られた希薄ビニルスルホン酸組成物300kgを減圧下濃縮した。
20mlのサンプル瓶内で、実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸2gとN,N-
ジメチルホルムアミド(片山化学社製 試薬特級)1g(ビニルスルホン酸1モルに対し0.74モル)を混合した後、UV照射機を用いて360nmの紫外線を照射した。重合温度35~45℃で1時間重合後、系内は透明樹脂状の固体となった。
重合管で、10gの実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸を10gのイオン交換水
と混合し、0.2gのアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを添加して、十分に減圧脱気封管後、60℃で、暗所で重合を行った。
ポリビニルスルホン酸ナトリウム(アルドリッチ社製)の分子量測定及び熱物性を評価した。分子量はSEC(A条件)で測定したところ、その重量平均分子量は9.0×104であった。
実施例I-7及びII-5で得られたポリマー及び比較例II-4のポリマーの示差熱-熱重
量同時測定(TG-DTA)測定結果を表2に示す。ここでTd10%は10%熱分解温
度を示す。
なっているために、熱安定性は優れていることがわかる。しかし、ポリビニルスルホン酸ナトリウムは金属塩であるため、水溶性で、水存在下ではイオン化する。したがって燃料電池膜としては不適当である。
ポリビニルスルホン酸(以下「PVS」)水溶液中で、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンを化学酸化重合して、ポリ(3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン)(以下「PEDOT」)とポリビニルスルホン酸(以下「PVS」)からなる導電性ポリマー組成物PEDOT/PVSを合成した。
4.5ml石英セルに、実施例I-1で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.5g、メタクリル酸メチル0.5g及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.5gを加えて、均一に混合した。メタクリル酸メチルは、メタクリル酸メチル(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、メタクリル酸メチルに対して0.1重量%のハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルを入れ、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したものを使用した。
ビニルスルホン酸とメタクリル酸メチルの重量を表4に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-1と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とメタクリル酸メチルの重量を表4に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-1と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
50mlのナスフラスコに、実施例I-1で得られたビニルスルホン酸1.73gとアクリル酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)0.29g、開始剤として過硫酸アンモニウム44mg、反応溶媒としてイオン交換水4mlを加えた。なお、過硫酸アンモニウム44mgは、ビニルスルホン酸とアクリル酸の合計mol数に対し1mol%に相当する。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリル酸の重量を表5に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-4と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリル酸の重量を表5に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-4と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
4.5ml石英セルに、実施例I-1で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.5g、アクリルアミド(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)0.5g、及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.5gを加えて、均一に混合後、20分間UV照射して、重合物を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリルアミドの重量を表6に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-7と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリルアミドの重量を表6に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-7と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
55mmφのシャーレに、実施例I-1で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.6g、アクリロニトリル2.0g、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.3g及びアゾビスイソブチロニトリル25mgを加えて、均一に混合した。アクリロニトリルは、アクリロニトリル(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、アクリロニトリルに対して0.1重量%のハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルを入れ、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したもの、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドは、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したものを使用した。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリロニトリル及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドの重量を表7に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-10と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリロニトリル及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドの重量を表7に記載の値とする以外は、実施例III-10と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
10mm石英セルに、実施例I-5で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.9g、アクリロニトリル1.0g、及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.45gを加えて、均一に混合後、40分間UV照射して、重合物を得た。アクリロニトリルは、アクリロニトリル(東京化成工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したもの、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドは、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したものを使用した。
4.5ml石英セルに、実施例II-1で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.5g、メタクリル酸メチル0.5g及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.5gを加えて、均一に混合した。メタクリル酸メチルは、メタクリル酸メチル(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、メタクリル酸メチルに対して0.1重量%のハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルを入れ、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したものを使用した。
ビニルスルホン酸とメタクリル酸メチルの重量を表8に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-1と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とメタクリル酸メチルの重量を表8に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-1と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
50mlのナスフラスコに、実施例II-1で得られたビニルスルホン酸1.73gとアクリル酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)0.29g、開始剤として過硫酸アンモニウム44mg、反応溶媒としてイオン交換水4mlを加えた。なお、過硫酸アンモニウム44mgはビニルスルホン酸とアクリル酸の合計mol数に対して1mol%に相当する。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリル酸の重量を表9に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-4と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリル酸の重量を表9に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-4と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
4.5ml石英セルに、実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.5g、アクリルアミド(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)0.5g、及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.5gを加えて、均一に混合後、20分間UV照射して、重合物を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリルアミドの重量を表10に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-7と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリルアミドの重量を表10に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-7と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
55mmφのシャーレに、実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.6g、アクリロニトリル2.0g、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.3g及びアゾビスイソブチロニトリル25mgを加えて、均一に混合した。アクリロニトリルは、アクリロニトリル(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、アクリロニトリルに対して0.1重量%のハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテルを入れ、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したもの、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドは、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したものを使用した。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリロニトリル及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドの重量を表11に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-10と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
ビニルスルホン酸とアクリロニトリル及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミドの重量を表11に記載の値とする以外は、実施例IV-10と同様にして重合を行って共重合体を得た。
10mm石英セルに、実施例II-4で得られたビニルスルホン酸0.9g、アクリロニトリル1.0g、及びN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド0.45gを加えて、均一に混合後、40分間UV照射して、重合物を得た。アクリロニトリルは、アクリロニトリル(東京化成工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したもの、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドは、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(和光純薬工業株式会社製試薬)をパイレックス(登録商標)ガラス製四径フラスコに仕込み、減圧下蒸留を行って精製したものを使用した。
実施例II-2で得られたビニルスルホン酸を用い、Q値、e値を求めた。
Claims (12)
- 二重結合含量が95重量%以上であり、かつ、
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が1ppm以下、及び、
(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が1ppm以下であるビニルスルホン酸。 - 二重結合含量が95重量%以上であり、かつ、
(i)ナトリウム(Na)の含有量が100ppb以下、及び、
(ii)アルカリ土類金属及び第一遷移金属からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属の含有量が100ppb以下である請求項1に記載のビニルスルホン酸。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のビニルスルホン酸を単独で又はこれと共重合可能な1又は複数の他の単量体と重合して得られるビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のビニルスルホン酸を単独で又はこれと共重合可能な1又は複数の他の単量体とラジカル重合、光重合又は放射線重合させる工程を含むビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体の製造方法。
- ビニルスルホン酸又はその組成物と接する部分の全部又は一部が高耐食性材料で形成されているビニルスルホン酸精製用薄膜蒸留装置。
- 蒸留原料を蒸発する蒸留塔と、
前記蒸留塔の中間部に設けられたビニルスルホン酸蒸気の留出口と、
蒸留塔の外に配置され、留出口から得られるビニルスルホン酸蒸気を凝縮する冷却器を備えた請求項5に記載の薄膜蒸留装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のビニルスルホン酸の製造方法であって、
ビニルスルホン酸塩を脱金属処理する工程、
得られた脱金属処理物を請求項5又は6に記載の薄膜蒸留装置を用いて精製する工程を含む方法。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のビニルスルホン酸を含む電気・電子材料。
- 請求項3に記載のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体を含む電気・電子材料。
- 請求項3に記載のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体を含む燃料電池用高分子電解質膜。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のビニルスルホン酸、或いは請求項3に記載のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体を含むフォトレジスト組成物。
- 請求項3に記載のビニルスルホン酸単独重合体又は共重合体をドーパントとして含む導電性ポリマー組成物。
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JP2020056022A (ja) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-09 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 重合体の製造方法 |
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JP2015134905A (ja) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-27 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 導電性ポリマー用高分子化合物及びその製造方法 |
JP2020056022A (ja) * | 2018-10-02 | 2020-04-09 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 重合体の製造方法 |
JP7484116B2 (ja) | 2018-10-02 | 2024-05-16 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 重合体の製造方法 |
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US9072983B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
CN101977894A (zh) | 2011-02-16 |
TWI480258B (zh) | 2015-04-11 |
US20110017954A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
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TW201004911A (en) | 2010-02-01 |
EP2269981A1 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
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