WO2009119332A1 - 潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009119332A1 WO2009119332A1 PCT/JP2009/054778 JP2009054778W WO2009119332A1 WO 2009119332 A1 WO2009119332 A1 WO 2009119332A1 JP 2009054778 W JP2009054778 W JP 2009054778W WO 2009119332 A1 WO2009119332 A1 WO 2009119332A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/08—Ammonium or amine salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/065—Saturated Compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
- C10N2030/43—Sulfur free or low sulfur content compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition.
- Lubricating oil for sliding guide surfaces such as machining tables for machine tools is required to have low friction performance, prevention of stick-slip, storage stability, corrosion resistance, etc. in order to improve machining accuracy.
- the sliding guide surface lubricant is mixed with the machining fluid of the workpiece.
- the mixing of the lubricating oil for the sliding guide surface may cause deterioration of the water-soluble cutting fluid (deterioration of cutting performance, acceleration of decay, shortening of mineral oil life, waste liquid treatment cost Is one of the causes.
- the case where water-soluble cutting fluid is mixed is considered. Therefore, it is required to be excellent in separability from the water-soluble cutting fluid and not to adversely affect various performances of the water-soluble cutting fluid or the sliding guide surface lubricating oil.
- the load of the additive on the environment is high, and although such an additive has excellent initial friction performance and positioning performance of the machine tool, the water-soluble cutting fluid is included in the lubricating oil for the sliding guide surface. If this occurs, the initial low-friction performance will be significantly impaired, and acid components such as phosphoric acid will cause corrosion on the sliding surfaces that use iron. The positioning accuracy tended to deteriorate as usage progressed.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is excellent in low friction, positioning, thermal stability, low-temperature storage stability, and even when cutting fluid is mixed. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition that does not significantly deteriorate the low friction property, and also to provide a lubricating oil composition that is excellent in corrosion resistance.
- the present inventors have obtained a mixture of a specific acidic phosphate ester and a specific aliphatic amine and / or a reactant in a specific ratio to the lubricating base oil. It has been found that the above problems can be solved by a lubricating oil composition that contains and the acid value derived from the acidic phosphate ester satisfies a specific condition, and has completed the present invention.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is selected from (A) the following general formula (1) or acidic phosphate ester represented by the following general formula (2) based on the total amount of the lubricating base oil and the composition.
- the acid value derived from component A) is 0.1 to 1.0 mgKOH / g.
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group or a linear alkenyl group, and at least one of R 1 and R 2 has 6 to 6 carbon atoms; 12 straight chain alkyl groups or straight chain alkenyl groups;
- R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group or a linear alkenyl group, and at least one of R 3 and R 4 has 13 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 5 and R 6 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a branched alkyl group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 5 and R 6 is a branched alkyl group.
- the lubricating oil is preferably a lubricating base oil having a viscosity index of 105 or more, a saturated hydrocarbon component of 70% by mass or more, and a sulfur content of 0.2% by mass or less. .
- the nitrogen content of the lubricating base oil is preferably 10 ppm by mass or less, and the flash point of the lubricating base oil is preferably 250 ° C. or higher.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention preferably further contains 0.01 to 5% by mass of (C) a sulfur compound based on the total amount of the composition.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can be used for various applications, but is preferably used for a machine tool, and particularly preferably used for a sliding guide surface of a machine tool.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention it is excellent in low friction, positioning, thermal stability and low-temperature storage stability, and even when a cutting fluid is mixed, the initial low friction is not significantly deteriorated. In addition, it is possible to maintain the processing accuracy, and furthermore, the corrosion resistance is excellent. Therefore, the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is very useful in terms of stabilizing the operation of the machine tool and extending the life.
- a lubricating oil fraction obtained by subjecting crude oil to atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation is subjected to solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrogenation.
- List paraffinic or naphthenic mineral oils obtained by applying a suitable combination of one or more purification means such as hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid washing, and clay treatment. can do.
- fats and oils and / or synthetic oil can also be mix
- fats and oils examples include beef tallow, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, rice bran oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, and hydrogenated products thereof.
- Synthetic oils include, for example, poly- ⁇ -olefins (ethylene-propylene copolymers, polybutenes, 1-octene oligomers, 1-decene oligomers, and hydrides thereof), synthetic hydrocarbons such as alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes. Oil. These production methods are not particularly limited, and any method can be used as long as it is a normal production method.
- Synthetic oils other than the above synthetic hydrocarbon oils include, for example, monoesters (butyl stearate, octyl laurate, etc.), diesters (ditridecyl glutarate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate) , Di-2-ethylhexyl sepacate), polyester (trimellitic acid ester, etc.), polyol ester (trimethylolpropane caprylate, trimethylolpropane pelargonate, pentaerythritol-2-ethylhexanoate, pentaerythritol pelargonate, etc.) ), Polyoxyalkylene glycol, polyphenyl ether, dialkyl diphenyl ether, phosphate ester (tricresyl phosphate, etc.), fluorine-containing compound (perfluoro Rieteru
- one of the above oils and / or synthetic oils may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the viscosity of the lubricating base oil used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably in the range of 10 to 700 mm 2 / s, more preferably in the range of 15 to 500 mm 2 / s. preferable.
- the content of the lubricating base oil is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 50 to 99.98% by mass based on the total amount of the composition.
- a lubricating base oil having a viscosity index of 105 or more, a saturated hydrocarbon component of 70% by mass or more, and a sulfur content of 0.2% by mass or less (hereinafter referred to as “this”
- the lubricating base oil according to the invention a lubricating base oil having a viscosity index of 105 or more, a saturated hydrocarbon component of 70% by mass or more, and a sulfur content of 0.2% by mass or less (hereinafter referred to as “this”
- the lubricating base oil according to the invention will be described in detail.
- the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the viscosity index, the saturated hydrocarbon component and the sulfur content satisfy the above-mentioned requirements.
- the base oil containing mineral oil and normal paraffin is hydrogen.
- Viscosity index which is a lubricating base oil (hereinafter also referred to as wax isomerized base oil) subjected to hydrocracking / hydroisomerization, a synthetic hydrocarbon oil, or a mixture of two or more selected from these groups Is a base oil having a saturated hydrocarbon component of 70% by mass or more and a sulfur content of 0.2% by mass or less.
- the viscosity index of the lubricating base oil By setting the viscosity index of the lubricating base oil to 105 or more, it is possible to obtain a lubricating oil composition capable of achieving both an oil film forming ability and a fluid resistance reducing ability. Further, when the saturated hydrocarbon component is less than 70% by mass, the oxidation stability is remarkably lowered, and sludge is easily generated. Furthermore, if the sulfur content exceeds 0.2, the thermal stability is inferior and the adverse effect on the friction coefficient is increased.
- the viscosity index as used in the present invention means a viscosity index measured according to JIS K 2283-1993.
- the saturated hydrocarbon component content means a value (unit: mass%) measured in accordance with ASTM D 2007-93.
- the nitrogen content of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 10 ppm by mass or less. If the nitrogen content exceeds 10 ppm by mass, the oxidation stability and thermal stability tend to decrease.
- the nitrogen content in the present invention means a nitrogen content measured according to JIS K 2609-1990.
- the flash point of the lubricating base oil according to the present invention is preferably 250 ° C. or higher. If the flash point is 250 ° C or higher, it is not applicable to the hazardous materials class 4 “flammable liquids” of the Fire Service Act, and is classified as a designated combustible material “flammable liquids”. It is greatly relaxed compared to other types.
- the flash point as used in the field of this invention means the flash point measured based on JISK2265.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention can also be blended with a base oil other than the lubricating base oil according to the present invention, for example, fats and oils and / or synthetic oils other than the present invention.
- the wax isomerized base oil usable in the present invention is a lubricating base oil obtained by hydrocracking / hydroisomerizing a raw material oil containing normal paraffin described below.
- a feed oil containing normal paraffin has a urea adduct value of 4% by mass or less, a viscosity index of 130 or more
- a method for producing a wax isomerized base oil comprising a step of hydrocracking / hydroisomerization so that the NOACK evaporation amount is 15% by mass or less.
- the urea adduct value as used in the present invention is measured by the following method. 100 g of weighed sample oil (wax isomerized base oil) is placed in a round bottom flask, 200 g of urea, 360 ml of toluene and 40 ml of methanol are added and stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. As a result, white granular crystals are produced as urea adducts in the reaction solution. The reaction solution is filtered through a 1 micron filter to collect the produced white granular crystals, and the obtained crystals are washed 6 times with 50 ml of toluene.
- the recovered white crystals are put in a flask, 300 ml of pure water and 300 ml of toluene are added, and the mixture is stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the aqueous phase is separated and removed with a separatory funnel, and the toluene phase is washed three times with 300 ml of pure water.
- a desiccant sodium sulfate
- the ratio (mass percentage) of the urea adduct thus obtained to the sample oil is defined as the urea adduct value.
- NOACK evaporation amount in the present invention means an evaporation loss amount measured in accordance with ASTM D 5800-95.
- the raw material oil containing normal paraffin has a urea adduct value of 4% by mass or less, a viscosity index of 130 or more, Hydrogenation so that the CCS viscosity at ⁇ 35 ° C. is 2000 mPa ⁇ s or less and the product of kinematic viscosity (unit: mm 2 / s) and NOACK evaporation (unit: mass%) at 40 ° C. is 250 or less.
- Examples thereof include a method for producing a wax isomerized base oil comprising a step of performing cracking / hydroisomerization.
- the raw material oil preferably contains 50% by mass or more of slack wax obtained by solvent dewaxing of the wax isomerized base oil.
- the urea adduct value of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention needs to be 4% by mass or less as described above from the viewpoint of improving the low temperature viscosity characteristics without impairing the viscosity-temperature characteristics, and preferably 3. 5 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 3 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 2.5 mass% or less. Further, the urea adduct value of the wax isomerized base oil may be 0% by mass. However, it is possible to obtain a wax isomerized base oil having a sufficient low-temperature viscosity characteristic and a higher viscosity index, and is preferably 0.1% by mass or more from the viewpoint that the dewaxing conditions are eased and the economy is excellent. More preferably, it is 0.5 mass% or more, Most preferably, it is 0.8 mass% or more.
- the viscosity index of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention needs to be 105 or more as described above, preferably 110 or more, more preferably 120 or more, still more preferably 130 or more. Especially preferably, it is 140 or more.
- a raw oil containing normal paraffin or a wax containing normal paraffin can be used.
- the raw material oil may be either mineral oil or synthetic oil, or may be a mixture of two or more of these.
- the raw material oil used in the present invention is preferably a wax-containing raw material that boils within the lubricating oil range specified in ASTM D86 or ASTM D2887.
- the wax content of the raw material oil is preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less based on the total amount of the raw material oil.
- the wax content of the raw material can be measured by analytical methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ASTM D5292), correlated ring analysis (ndM) method (ASTM D3238), solvent method (ASTM D3235) and the like.
- wax-containing raw material examples include oils derived from solvent refining methods such as raffinate, partially solvent dewaxed oil, dewaxed oil, distillate, reduced pressure gas oil, coker gas oil, slack wax, foots oil, and Fisher- Examples include Tropsch wax, and among these, slack wax and Fischer-Tropsch wax are preferable.
- Slack wax is typically derived from hydrocarbon raw materials by solvent or propane dewaxing. Slack wax may contain residual oil, which can be removed by deoiling. Foots oil corresponds to deoiled slack wax.
- Fischer-Tropsch wax is produced by a so-called Fischer-Tropsch synthesis method.
- a commercial product may be used as a raw material oil containing normal paraffin.
- specific examples include Paraflint 80 (hydrogenated Fischer-Tropsch wax) and shell MDS waxy raffinate (hydrogenated and partially isomerized middle distillate synthetic waxy raffinate). It is done.
- the raw material oil derived from solvent extraction is obtained by sending a high-boiling petroleum fraction from atmospheric distillation to a vacuum distillation apparatus and extracting the distillation fraction from this apparatus with solvent.
- the residue from the vacuum distillation may be denitrified.
- aromatic components are dissolved in the extraction phase while leaving more paraffinic components in the raffinate phase. Naphthene is partitioned into the extraction phase and the raffinate phase.
- phenol, furfural, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like are preferably used as phenol, furfural, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like are preferably used.
- a bottom fraction obtained from a fuel oil hydrocracking apparatus may be used as a raw material by using a fuel oil hydrocracking apparatus having higher hydrogenation resolution.
- the raw material oil is subjected to a process of hydrocracking / hydroisomerization so that the urea adduct value of the material to be treated is 4% by mass or less and the viscosity index is 100 or more. Wax isomerized base oil can be obtained.
- the hydrocracking / hydroisomerization step is not particularly limited as long as the urea adduct value and the viscosity index of the obtained workpiece satisfy the above conditions.
- the preferred hydrocracking / hydroisomerization step in the present invention is: A first step of hydrotreating a raw oil containing normal paraffin using a hydrotreating catalyst; A second step of hydrodewaxing the object to be treated obtained in the first step using a hydrodewaxing catalyst; The to-be-processed object obtained by a 2nd process is equipped with the 3rd process of hydrotreating using a hydrotreating catalyst.
- a hydrotreating step is provided before the hydrodewaxing step for the purpose of desulfurization / denitrogenation for the prevention of poisoning of the hydrodewaxing catalyst.
- a part of the normal paraffin in the feedstock for example, about 10% by mass, preferably in the previous stage of the second step (hydrodewaxing step), preferably 1 to 10% by mass
- desulfurization / denitrogenation is possible in the first step, but the purpose is different from that of the conventional hydrotreatment.
- Providing such a first step is preferable for ensuring that the urea adduct value of the article to be treated (wax isomerized base oil) obtained after the third step is 4% by mass or less.
- Examples of the hydrogenation catalyst used in the first step include a catalyst containing a Group 6 metal, a Group 8-10 metal, and a mixture thereof.
- Preferred metals include nickel, tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, and mixtures thereof.
- the hydrogenation catalyst can be used in a form in which these metals are supported on a refractory metal oxide support, and the metal is usually present as an oxide or sulfide on the support. When a metal mixture is used, the metal may be present as a bulk metal catalyst in which the amount of metal is 30% by mass or more based on the total amount of the catalyst.
- the metal oxide support examples include oxides such as silica, alumina, silica-alumina, and titania, and among these, alumina is preferable. Preferred alumina is ⁇ -type or ⁇ -type porous alumina.
- the amount of the metal supported is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 35% by mass based on the total amount of the catalyst. Further, when a mixture of Group 9-10 metal and Group 6 metal is used, either Group 9 or Group 10 metal is present in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of catalyst, The Group 6 metal is preferably present in an amount of 5 to 30% by mass. Metal loading may be measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, or other methods specified by ASTM for individual metals.
- the acidity of the metal oxide support can be controlled by adding additives, controlling the properties of the metal oxide support (for example, controlling the amount of silica incorporated in the silica-alumina support), and the like.
- additives include halogens, especially fluorine, phosphorus, boron, yttria, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth oxides, and magnesia.
- Cocatalysts such as halogen generally increase the acidity of the metal oxide support, but weakly basic additives such as yttria or magnesia tend to weaken the acidity of such support.
- the treatment temperature is preferably 150 to 450 ° C., more preferably 200 to 400 ° C.
- the hydrogen partial pressure is preferably 1400 to 20000 kPa, more preferably 2800 to 14000 kPa
- the liquid space velocity (LHSV) is preferably 0.1 ⁇ 10 hr -1, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ 5 hr -1
- a hydrogen / oil ratio is preferably 50 ⁇ 1780m 3 / m 3, more preferably 89 ⁇ 890m 3 / M 3 .
- said conditions are an example and the hydrotreating conditions in the 1st process for the urea adduct value and viscosity index of the to-be-processed object obtained after a 3rd process satisfy
- fill the said conditions respectively are a raw material, a catalyst, an apparatus, etc. It is preferable to select appropriately according to the difference.
- the object to be processed after the hydrogenation treatment in the first step may be used as it is in the second step, but the object to be processed is stripped or distilled to generate gas from the object to be processed (liquid product). It is preferable to provide a step of separating and removing the object between the first step and the second step. Thereby, the nitrogen content and sulfur content contained in the object to be treated can be reduced to a level without affecting the long-term use of the hydrodewaxing catalyst in the second step.
- the object of separation and removal by stripping or the like is mainly gaseous foreign matters such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, and stripping can be performed by ordinary means such as a flash drum and a fractionator.
- the conditions of the hydrogenation treatment in the first step are mild, there is a possibility that the remaining polycyclic aromatics may pass through depending on the raw materials used. It may be removed by purification.
- the hydrodewaxing catalyst used in the second step may contain either crystalline or amorphous material.
- the crystalline material include molecular sieves having a 10- or 12-membered ring passage mainly composed of aluminosilicate (zeolite) or silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO).
- zeolite include ZSM-22, ZSM-23, ZSM-35, ZSM-48, ZSM-57, ferrierite, ITQ-13, MCM-68, MCM-71 and the like.
- An example of an aluminophosphate is ECR-42.
- molecular sieves include zeolite beta and MCM-68.
- the molecular sieve is preferably in the hydrogen form.
- examples of the amorphous material for the hydrodewaxing catalyst include alumina doped with a group 3 metal, fluorinated alumina, silica-alumina, fluorinated silica-alumina, silica-alumina and the like.
- Preferred embodiments of the dewaxing catalyst include those equipped with a metal hydrogenation component that is difunctional, ie, at least one Group 6 metal, at least one Group 8-10 metal, or a mixture thereof.
- Preferred metals are group 9-10 noble metals such as Pt, Pd or mixtures thereof.
- the mounting amount of these metals is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass based on the total amount of the catalyst. Examples of the catalyst preparation and the metal mounting method include an ion exchange method and an impregnation method using a decomposable metal salt.
- binder material when using a molecular sieve, it may be combined with a binder material having heat resistance under hydrodewaxing conditions, or may be without a binder (self-bonding).
- Binder materials include silica, alumina, silica-alumina, binary combinations of silica and other metal oxides such as titania, magnesia, yttria, zirconia, silica-alumina-yttria, silica-alumina-magnesia, etc.
- Inorganic oxides such as a combination of three components of oxides such as
- the amount of molecular sieve in the hydrodewaxing catalyst is preferably 10 to 100% by mass, more preferably 35 to 100% by mass, based on the total amount of the catalyst.
- the hydrodewaxing catalyst is formed by a method such as spray drying or extrusion.
- the hydrodewaxing catalyst can be used in a sulfided or non-sulfided form, and a sulfided form is preferred.
- the temperature is preferably 250-400 ° C., more preferably 275-350 ° C.
- the hydrogen partial pressure is preferably 791-20786 kPa (100-3000 psig), more preferably 1480-17339 kPa (200- a 2500 psig)
- liquid hourly space velocity is preferably 0.1 ⁇ 10 hr -1, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ 5 hr -1
- a hydrogen / oil ratio is preferably 45 ⁇ 1780m 3 / m 3 ( 250 ⁇ 10000scf / B), more preferably 89 to 890 m 3 / m 3 (500 to 5000 scf / B).
- said conditions are an example and the hydrodewaxing conditions in the 2nd process for the urea adduct value and viscosity index of the to-be-processed object obtained after a 3rd process satisfy
- fill the said conditions are a raw material, a catalyst, and an apparatus, respectively. It is preferable to select appropriately according to the difference.
- the material to be treated that has been hydrodewaxed in the second step is subjected to hydrorefining in the third step.
- Hydrorefining is a form of mild hydrotreating that aims to saturate olefins and residual aromatic compounds by hydrogenation in addition to removal of residual heteroatoms and hues.
- the hydrorefining in the third step can be carried out in cascade with the dewaxing step.
- the hydrorefining catalyst used in the third step is preferably a metal oxide carrier on which a Group 6 metal, a Group 8-10 metal or a mixture thereof is supported.
- Preferred metals include noble metals, especially platinum, palladium and mixtures thereof. If a mixture of metals is used, it may be present as a bulk metal catalyst where the amount of metal is 30% by weight or more based on the catalyst.
- the metal content of the catalyst is preferably 20% by mass or less for non-noble metals and 1% by mass or less for noble metals.
- the metal oxide support may be either amorphous or crystalline oxide. Specific examples include low acid oxides such as silica, alumina, silica-alumina or titania, with alumina being preferred. From the viewpoint of saturation of the aromatic compound, it is preferable to use a hydrorefining catalyst in which a metal having a relatively strong hydrogenation function is supported on a porous support.
- M41S series catalysts are mesoporous materials with high silica content, and specifically include MCM-41, MCM-48 and MCM-50.
- Such a hydrotreating catalyst has a pore size of 15 to 100 mm, and MCM-41 is particularly preferred.
- MCM-41 is an inorganic porous non-layered phase having a hexagonal arrangement of uniformly sized pores.
- the physical structure of MCM-41 is like a bundle of straws where the opening of the straw (cell diameter of the pores) ranges from 15 to 100 mm.
- MCM-48 has cubic symmetry and MCM-50 has a layered structure.
- MCM-41 can be made with pore openings of different sizes in the mesoporous range.
- the mesoporous material may have a metal hydrogenation component that is at least one of a Group 8, 9 or 10 metal, and the metal hydrogenation component is preferably a noble metal, particularly a Group 10 noble metal, Pt , Pd or mixtures thereof are most preferred.
- the temperature is preferably 150-350 ° C., more preferably 180-250 ° C.
- the total pressure is preferably 2859-20786 kPa (about 400-3000 psig)
- the liquid space velocity is preferably 0. 0.1 to 5 hr ⁇ 1 , more preferably 0.5 to 3 hr ⁇ 1
- the hydrogen / oil ratio is preferably 44.5 to 1780 m 3 / m 3 (250 to 10,000 scf / B).
- said conditions are an example and the hydrogenation production
- fill the said conditions respectively are the difference of a raw material or a processing apparatus. It is preferable to select appropriately according to.
- the other properties are not particularly limited as long as the urea adduct value and the viscosity index satisfy the above-mentioned conditions. It is preferable that the following conditions are further satisfied.
- the content of the saturated component in the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is 70% by mass or more, preferably 90% by mass or more, more preferably 93% by mass or more, and still more preferably 95%, based on the total amount of the wax isomerized base oil. It is at least mass%.
- the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 40% by mass, still more preferably 1 to 30% by mass, and particularly preferably 5 to 20%. % By mass.
- the content of the saturated component and the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component satisfy the above conditions, viscosity-temperature characteristics and thermal / oxidative stability can be achieved, and the wax isomerized base oil
- the additive function can be expressed at a higher level while the additive is sufficiently stably dissolved and held in the wax isomerized base oil.
- the friction characteristics of the wax isomerized base oil itself can be improved. Improvement, and consequently, energy saving can be achieved.
- the content of the saturated component is less than 70% by mass, the viscosity-temperature characteristics, thermal / oxidation stability, and friction characteristics tend to be insufficient. Further, when the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component is less than 0.1% by mass, when the additive is added to the wax isomerized base oil, the solubility of the additive becomes insufficient, and the wax isomer Since the effective amount of the additive dissolved and held in the chemical base oil decreases, the function of the additive tends to be unable to be obtained effectively. Furthermore, when the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component exceeds 50% by mass, the effectiveness of the additive tends to decrease when the additive is blended with the wax isomerized base oil.
- the ratio of the cyclic saturated component in the saturated component being 0.1 to 50% by mass is equivalent to the non-cyclic saturated component in the saturated component being 99.9 to 50% by mass.
- the non-cyclic saturated component includes both normal paraffin and isoparaffin.
- the ratio of normal paraffin and isoparaffin in the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the urea adduct value satisfies the above conditions, but the ratio of isoparaffin is preferably 50 to 50% based on the total amount of wax isomerized base oil. It is 99.9% by mass, more preferably 60 to 99.9% by mass, still more preferably 70 to 99.9% by mass, and particularly preferably 80 to 99.9% by mass.
- the ratio of isoparaffin in the wax isomerized base oil satisfies the above conditions, viscosity-temperature characteristics and thermal / oxidative stability can be further improved, and an additive is added to the wax isomerized base oil.
- the function of the additive can be expressed at a higher level while the additive is dissolved and held sufficiently stably.
- content of the saturated part as used in the field of this invention means the value (unit: mass%) measured based on ASTM D 2007-93.
- the ratio of the cyclic saturated portion and the non-cyclic saturated portion in the saturated portion as used in the present invention means the naphthene portion measured in accordance with ASTM D 2786-91, respectively (measurement object: 1 ring to 6 ring naphthene, unit : Mass%) and alkane content (unit: mass%).
- the ratio of normal paraffin in the wax isomerized base oil referred to in the present invention is the gas chromatographic analysis of the saturated component separated and fractionated by the method described in ASTM D 2007-93 under the following conditions. This means a value obtained by converting the measured value when the ratio of normal paraffin in the saturated content is identified and quantified based on the total amount of wax isomerized base oil.
- a normal paraffin mixed sample having 5 to 50 carbon atoms is used as a standard sample, and the normal paraffin in the saturates is the total peak area value of the chromatogram (peak derived from the diluent). Is obtained as a ratio of the sum of peak area values corresponding to each normal paraffin.
- the ratio of isoparaffin in the wax isomerized base oil is a value obtained by converting the difference between the non-cyclic saturated portion in the saturated portion and the normal paraffin in the saturated portion, based on the total amount of the wax isomerized base oil. means.
- the content of the saturated component is 90% by mass or more and occupies the saturated component.
- the proportion of cyclic saturated component is 30 to 50% by mass
- the proportion of non-cyclic saturated component in the saturated component is 50 to 70% by mass
- the proportion of isoparaffin in the wax isomerized base oil is 40 to 70% by mass
- the viscosity index Can be obtained in the range of 100 to 135, preferably 120 to 130, but the urea adduct value satisfies the above conditions, so that the effect of the present invention, in particular, the MRV viscosity at ⁇ 40 ° C.
- wax isomerized composition having excellent low temperature viscosity characteristics of s or less can be obtained.
- slack wax or Fischer-Tropsch wax which is a raw material having a high wax content (for example, a normal paraffin content of 50% by mass or more) is used as a raw material
- the amount of cyclic saturated component in the saturated component is 0.1 to 40% by mass, the proportion of non-cyclic saturated component in the saturated component is 60 to 99.9% by mass
- wax A base oil having a ratio of isoparaffin in the isomerized base oil of 60 to 99.9% by mass and a viscosity index of 100 to 170, preferably 135 to 160 is obtained.
- the MRV viscosity at ⁇ 40 ° C. is 12000 mPa ⁇ s or less, particularly 7000 mPa ⁇ s or less, which is extremely excellent in high viscosity index and low temperature viscosity characteristics. It is possible to obtain a wax isomerization composition having sex.
- n 20 ⁇ 0.002 ⁇ kv100 for the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably from 1.435 to 1. 450, more preferably 1.440 to 1.449, still more preferably 1.442 to 1.448, and still more preferably 1.444 to 1.447.
- the function of the additive can be expressed at a higher level while the additive is sufficiently and stably dissolved and held in the wax isomerized base oil. Further, by setting n 20 -0.002 ⁇ kv100 within the above range, the friction characteristics of the wax isomerized base oil itself can be improved, and as a result, the friction reduction effect can be improved, and consequently the energy saving performance can be improved. Can be achieved.
- n 20 -0.002 ⁇ kv100 exceeds the upper limit, the viscosity-temperature characteristics, thermal / oxidation stability and friction characteristics become insufficient, and further, additives are added to the wax isomerized base oil. In this case, the effectiveness of the additive tends to decrease. Further, when n 20 ⁇ 0.002 ⁇ kv100 is less than the lower limit, when an additive is added to the wax isomerized base oil, the solubility of the additive becomes insufficient, and the wax isomerized base oil Since the effective amount of the additive dissolved and retained therein is reduced, the function of the additive tends not to be obtained effectively.
- the refractive index (n 20 ) at 20 ° C. means a refractive index measured at 20 ° C. in accordance with ASTM D1218-92.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. (kv100) in the present invention means a kinematic viscosity measured at 100 ° C. in accordance with JIS K 2283-1993.
- the aromatic content in the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05 to 3% by mass, and still more preferably 0.1%, based on the total amount of the wax isomerized base oil. To 1% by mass, particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass. If the aromatic content exceeds the above upper limit, the viscosity-temperature characteristics, thermal / oxidative stability, friction characteristics, volatilization prevention properties and low-temperature viscosity characteristics tend to decrease. When an additive is blended with oil, the effectiveness of the additive tends to decrease. Further, the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention may not contain an aromatic component, but the solubility of the additive is further improved by setting the aromatic content to 0.05% by mass or more. Can be increased.
- the aromatic content here means a value measured in accordance with ASTM D 2007-93.
- the aromatic component includes alkylbenzene, alkylnaphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, and alkylated products thereof, as well as compounds in which four or more benzene rings are condensed, pyridines, quinolines, phenols, naphthols and the like. Aromatic compounds having atoms are included.
- the% C p of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 80 or more, more preferably 82 to 99, still more preferably 85 to 98, and particularly preferably 90 to 97.
- % C p of wax isomerized base oil is less than 80, viscosity-temperature characteristics, thermal / oxidative stability, and friction characteristics tend to decrease, and when wax isomerized base oil is blended with additives In addition, the effectiveness of the additive tends to decrease.
- % C p of the wax isomerized base oil is greater than 99, the additive solubility will tend to be lower.
- % C N of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less, more preferably 1 to 12, particularly preferably from 3 to 10. If the% C N value of the wax isomerized base oil exceeds 20, the viscosity - temperature characteristic, heat and oxidation stability and frictional properties will tend to be reduced. Moreover, when% CN is less than 1, the solubility of the additive tends to decrease.
- % C A of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 0.7 or less, more preferably 0.6 or less, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5. If the% C A value of the wax isomerized base oil exceeds 0.7, the viscosity - temperature characteristic, heat and oxidation stability and frictional properties will tend to be reduced. Moreover,% C A of the wax isomerized base oil of the invention may be 0% by 0.1 or more C A, it is possible to further increase the solubility of additives.
- the ratio of the% of wax isomerized base oil C P and% C N of the present invention is preferably P /% C N is 7 or more, more preferably 7.5 or more, More preferably, it is 8 or more.
- % C P /% C N is less than 7, viscosity-temperature characteristics, thermal / oxidative stability and friction characteristics tend to decrease, and further, when additives are added to wax isomerized base oil. There exists a tendency for the effectiveness of the said additive to fall.
- % C P /% C N is preferably 200 or less, more preferably 100 or less, more preferably 50 or less, particularly preferably 25 or less. By setting% C P /% CN to 200 or less, the solubility of the additive can be further increased.
- % C P ,% C N and% C A are the total carbon number of paraffin carbons determined by a method (ndM ring analysis) based on ASTM D 3238-85, respectively.
- the iodine value of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 0.5 or less, more preferably 0.3 or less, still more preferably 0.15 or less, and less than 0.01. However, it is preferably 0.001 or more, and more preferably 0.05 or more, from the viewpoint of a small effect that is commensurate with it and economic efficiency.
- the iodine value as used in the field of this invention means the iodine value measured by the indicator titration method of JIS K0070 "acid value, saponification value, iodine value, hydroxyl value, and unsaponification value of a chemical product.”
- the sulfur content in the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention depends on the sulfur content of the raw material.
- a raw material that does not substantially contain sulfur such as a synthetic wax component obtained by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction or the like
- a wax isomerized base oil that does not substantially contain sulfur can be obtained.
- the sulfur content in the obtained wax isomerized base oil is usually 100. It becomes mass ppm or more.
- the content of sulfur is preferably 10 ppm by mass or less, from the viewpoint of further improving thermal and oxidation stability and reducing sulfur, and 5 ppm by mass or less. More preferred is 3 ppm by mass or less.
- the sulfur content in the obtained wax isomerized base oil is preferably 50 ppm by mass or less, and 10 ppm by mass or less. Is more preferable.
- the sulfur content means a sulfur content measured according to JIS K 2541-1996.
- the nitrogen content in the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is 10 ppm or less, preferably 5 mass ppm or less, more preferably 3 mass ppm or less, and still more preferably 1 mass ppm or less.
- the nitrogen content in the present invention means a nitrogen content measured according to JIS K 2609-1990.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 1.5 to 20 mm 2 / s, more preferably 2.0 to 11 mm 2 / s.
- the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of the wax isomerized base oil is less than 1.5 mm 2 / s, it is not preferable in terms of evaporation loss.
- the yield is lowered, and the decomposition rate is increased even when heavy wax is used as a raw material. Is not preferable because it becomes difficult.
- Wax isomerized base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. it is preferable to fractionate and use a wax isomerized base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. in the following range.
- Wax isomerized base oil having a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 4.5 to 20 mm 2 / s, more preferably 4.8 to 11 mm 2 / s, particularly preferably 5.5 to 8.0 mm 2 / s.
- the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the wax isomerized base oil of the present invention is preferably 6.0 to 80 mm 2 / s, and more preferably 8.0 to 50 mm 2 / s.
- the wax isomerized base oil has a viscosity-temperature characteristic and a low-temperature viscosity characteristic compared with a conventional lubricating base oil having the same viscosity grade by satisfying the above conditions for the urea adduct value and the viscosity index, respectively. They can be compatible at a high level, and are particularly excellent in low-temperature viscosity characteristics, and further in anti-volatility, thermal / oxidative stability, and lubricity.
- the density at 15 ° C. in the present invention means a density measured at 15 ° C. in accordance with JIS K 2249-1995.
- the AP of the wax isomerized base oil is preferably 125 ° C. or higher, more preferably 128 ° C. or higher.
- the aniline point in the present invention means an aniline point measured according to JIS K 2256-1985.
- the NOACK evaporation amount of the wax isomerized base oil is preferably 0% by mass or more, more preferably 1% by mass or more, and preferably 6% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and still more preferably. Is 4% by mass or less.
- the NOACK evaporation amount is the lower limit value, it tends to be difficult to improve the low temperature viscosity characteristics. Further, if the NOACK evaporation amount exceeds the above upper limit value, when wax isomerized base oil is used for lubricating oil for internal combustion engines, the evaporation loss amount of wax isomerization increases, and catalyst poisoning is promoted accordingly. Therefore, it is not preferable.
- the initial boiling point (IBP) is preferably 440 to 480 ° C., more preferably 430 to 470 ° C., and further preferably 420 to 460 ° C.
- the 10% distillation temperature (T10) is preferably 450 to 510 ° C, more preferably 460 to 500 ° C, and further preferably 460 to 480 ° C.
- the 50% distillation point (T50) is preferably 470 to 540 ° C, more preferably 480 to 530 ° C, and further preferably 490 to 520 ° C.
- the 90% distillation point (T90) is preferably 470 to 560 ° C., more preferably 480 to 550 ° C., and further preferably 490 to 540 ° C.
- the end point (FBP) is preferably 505 to 565 ° C., more preferably 515 to 555 ° C., and still more preferably 525 to 565 ° C.
- T90-T10 is preferably 35 to 80 ° C., more preferably 45 to 70 ° C., and still more preferably 55 to 80 ° C.
- the FBP-IBP is preferably 50 to 130 ° C., more preferably 60 to 120 ° C., and still more preferably 70 to 110 ° C.
- T10-IBP is preferably 5 to 65 ° C., more preferably 10 to 55 ° C., and still more preferably 10 to 45 ° C.
- FBP-T90 is preferably 5 to 60 ° C., more preferably 5 to 50 ° C., and further preferably 5 to 40 ° C.
- IBP, T10, T50, T90 and FBP mean distillate points measured in accordance with ASTM D 2887-97, respectively.
- the component (A) is specifically a compound represented by the following general formula (1) and general formula (2).
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group or a linear alkenyl group, and at least one of R 1 and R 2 is a straight chain having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group or a linear alkenyl group, and at least one of R 3 and R 4 is a straight chain having 13 to 18 carbon atoms.
- a chain alkyl group or a straight chain alkenyl group.
- linear alkyl group or linear alkenyl group for R 1 and R 2 include a linear hexyl group, a linear hexenyl group, a linear heptyl group, a linear heptenyl group, a linear octyl group, and a linear chain.
- Octenyl group linear nonyl group, linear nonenyl group, linear decyl group, linear decenyl group, linear undecyl group, linear undecenyl group, linear dodecyl group, straight acid dodecenyl group, and R 3 and R 4
- alkyl group or linear alkenyl group specifically, a linear tridecyl group, linear tridecenyl group, linear tetradecyl group, linear tetradecenyl group, linear pentadecyl group, linear pentadecenyl group, linear hexadecyl group Linear hexadecenyl group, linear heptadecyl group, linear heptadecenyl group, linear octadecyl group, linear octadecenyl group, oleyl group and the like.
- one of R 1 and R 2 in the general formula (1) or R 3 and R 4 in the general formula (2) is a hydrogen atom, Is a linear alkyl group or a linear alkenyl group (phosphoric monoester), and a compound in which both R 1 and R 2 or R 3 and R 4 are a linear alkyl group and / or a linear alkenyl group ( Phosphoric acid diesters).
- phosphoric acid monoester or phosphoric acid diester may be used alone, or a mixture of phosphoric acid monoester and phosphoric acid diester may be used. It is preferable to use a mixture of monoester and phosphoric acid diester.
- the mixing ratio of phosphoric acid monoester / phosphoric diester is preferably 10/90 to 90/10 in molar ratio, more preferably 20/80 to 80/20, and more preferably 30/70. More preferably, it is ⁇ 70 / 30.
- the content of the component (A) is usually 0.01 to 0.5% by mass based on the total amount of the composition and is excellent in low friction performance. , Preferably 0.05% by mass or more, more preferably 0.1% by mass or more. Moreover, from the point which is excellent in the corrosion resistance of the lubricating oil composition obtained, content of (A) component is 0.5 mass% or less on the basis of the composition whole quantity, Preferably it is 0.4 mass% or less. is there.
- the content of the component (A) in terms of phosphorus element varies depending on the molecular weight of the component (A), but is usually 0.0005 to 0.06 in terms of phosphorus element based on the total amount of the composition. % By mass, preferably 0.003 to 0.06% by mass, particularly preferably 0.005 to 0.05% by mass.
- the acid value derived from the component (A) is 0.1 to 1.0 mg / KOH, and if it is less than 0.1, the friction reducing effect of the additive is low, which is not preferable. Further, the corrosion of the sliding material exceeding 1.0 is not preferable, and the friction performance is not preferable because low friction cannot be maintained for a long time.
- the component (B) in the present invention is an alkylamine represented by the following general formula (3).
- R 5 and R 6 may be the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom or a branched alkyl group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and at least one of R 5 and R 6 is a branched alkyl group. It is a group.
- the amine represented by the general formula (3) is any of monoamines, diamines and polyamines having one or more branched alkyl groups having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
- a monoamine having a branched alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms is preferred, and a monoamine secondary amine having two branched alkyl groups having 4 to 20 carbon atoms is preferred.
- the carbon number of these branched chain alkyl groups is 6 or more from the viewpoint of excellent low temperature storage stability when mixed with component (A) and low friction performance when mixed with cutting oil. More preferably.
- the carbon number of these branched chain alkyl groups is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 16 or less, and even more preferably 14 or less.
- the preferable branched alkyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms include isobutyl, isopentyl, isohexyl, isooctyl, isononyl, isodecyl, isoundecyl, isododecyl, isotridecyl, isotetradecyl, Examples thereof include branched alkyl groups such as a decyl group, an isopentadecyl group, an isohexadecyl group, an isoheptadecyl group, an isooctadecyl group, an isononadecyl group, and an isoicosyl group.
- the content of the component (B) is usually 0.01 to 2% by mass based on the total amount of the composition, and it has excellent corrosion resistance when mixed with the component (A). From the total amount of the composition, it is preferably 0.05% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.1% by mass or more. Moreover, from the point which is excellent in low temperature storage stability and the low friction performance when cutting oil mixes, content of (B) component is 2 mass% or less on the basis of the composition whole quantity, More preferably, 1. It is 0 mass% or less, Most preferably, it is 0.5 mass% or less.
- the content of the component (B) in terms of nitrogen element varies depending on the molecular weight of the component (B), but is usually 0.0002 to 0.4 in terms of nitrogen element based on the total amount of the composition. % By mass, preferably 0.001 to 0.2% by mass, particularly preferably 0.002 to 0.1% by mass.
- the optimum combination of the component (A) and the component (B) is an acid phosphate ester having a straight chain alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and a carbon number having 4 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Combinations with amines having branched alkyl groups in particular mono-n-octyl acid phosphate and / or di-n-octyl acid phosphate or monooleyl acid phosphate and / or dioleyl acid phosphate and di-2-ethylhexylamine and A combination of / or diisotridecylamine is most preferred.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned specific lubricating base oil, the component (A) and the component (B), thereby being excellent in low friction property and low-temperature storage stability and mixed with cutting fluid. Even in this case, the processing accuracy can be maintained without significantly deteriorating the initial low friction property.
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention is preferably further containing (C) a sulfur compound in that it is excellent in corrosion resistance, can maintain a lower coefficient of friction, and can maintain processing accuracy over a long period of time. .
- Examples of (C) sulfur compounds include sulfurized fats and oils, sulfurized fatty acids, sulfurized esters, sulfurized olefins, dihydrocarbyl polysulfides, thiadiazole compounds, alkylthiocarbamoyl compounds, thiocarbamate compounds, thioterpene compounds, and dialkylthiodipropionate compounds. it can. Such compounds may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
- the sulfurized fats and oils are obtained by reacting sulfur and sulfur-containing compounds with fats and oils (lard oil, whale oil, vegetable oil, fish oil, etc.), and the sulfur content is not particularly limited, but generally 5 to 30.
- the thing of the mass% is suitable. Specific examples thereof include sulfurized lard, sulfurized rapeseed oil, sulfurized castor oil, sulfurized soybean oil, sulfurized rice bran oil, and mixtures thereof.
- sulfurized fatty acids include sulfurized oleic acid
- sulfurized esters include sulfurized methyl oleate, sulfurized rice bran fatty acid octyl, and mixtures thereof.
- R 7 -S a -R 8 (4) (Wherein R 7 represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, R 8 represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, and a represents an integer of 1 to 8)
- R 7 represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms
- R 8 represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 2 to 15 carbon atoms
- a represents an integer of 1 to 8
- This compound is obtained by reacting an olefin having 2 to 15 carbon atoms or a dimer to tetramer thereof with a sulfurizing agent such as sulfur and sulfur chloride, and propylene, isobutene, diisobutene and the like are preferable.
- Dihydrocarbyl polysulfide is represented by the following general formula (5): R 9 -S b -R 10 (5) (Wherein R 9 and R 10 are each an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms. An arylalkyl group, which may be the same or different from each other, and b represents an integer of 1 to 8) It is a compound represented by these.
- R 9 and R 10 are alkyl groups, they are called alkyl sulfides.
- R 9 and R 10 in the general formula (5) include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, Various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, various heptyl groups, various octyl groups, various nonyl groups, various decyl groups, various dodecyl groups, cyclohexyl groups, cyclooctyl groups, phenyl groups, naphthyl groups, tolyl groups, xylyl groups, benzyl groups, Examples thereof include a phenethyl group.
- dihydrocarbyl polysulfide examples include dibenzyl polysulfide, various dinonyl polysulfides, various didodecyl polysulfides, various dibutyl polysulfides, various dioctyl polysulfides, diphenyl polysulfide, dicyclohexyl polysulfide, and mixtures thereof.
- Examples of the thiadiazole compound include the following general formulas (6), (7) and (8): (Wherein R 11 and R 12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and c and d each represents an integer of 0 to 8) 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole compound, 1,4,5-thiadiazole and the like represented by Specific examples of such thiadiazole compounds include 2,5-bis (n-hexyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (n-octyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole 2,5-bis (n-nonyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyldithio) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 3, 5-bis (n-hexyldithio) -1,2,4-thiadiazole, 3,5-
- alkylthiocarbamoyl compound examples include the following general formula (9): [Wherein R 13 to R 16 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and e represents an integer of 1 to 8] The compound represented by these is mentioned.
- alkylthiocarbamoyl compounds include bis (dimethylthiocarbamoyl) monosulfide, bis (dibutylthiocarbamoyl) monosulfide, bis (dimethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide, bis (dibutylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide, and bis (diamil).
- Preferred examples include thiocarbamoyl) disulfide, bis (dioctylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide, and mixtures thereof.
- alkylthiocarbamate compound examples include the following general formula (10): [Wherein R 13 to R 16 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R 17 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms] The compound shown by these is mentioned.
- alkylthiocarbamate compounds include methylene bis (dibutyldithiocarbamate), methylene bis [di (2-ethylhexyl) dithiocarbamate] and the like.
- examples of the thioterpene compound include a reaction product of phosphorus pentasulfide and pinene
- examples of the dialkylthiodipropionate compound include dilauryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate, and a mixture thereof. be able to.
- the content of the (C) sulfur compound is preferably 0.01% by mass or more based on the total amount of the composition from the viewpoint of the friction characteristics of the resulting lubricating oil composition. It is more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and even more preferably 0.1% by mass or more.
- the content of sulfur-based additive suppositories Is preferably 5% by mass or less, more preferably 3% by mass or less, and still more preferably 2% by mass or less based on the total amount of the composition.
- additives include, for example, monohydric alcohols or polyhydric alcohols, monobasic acids or polybasic acids, esters of the alcohol and the acid, amine compounds other than claim 1, amine compounds such as alkanolamines, etc.
- Oil-based agents such as di-tert-butyl-p-cresol and bisphenol A, and amine compounds such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine and N, N′-di (2-naphthyl) -p-phenylenediamine
- Antioxidants such as benzotriazole, alkylthiadiazole, etc .
- Defoamers such as silicone oil and fluorosilicone oil
- Phosphorous additives other than acidic phosphates (regular phosphate ester, phosphorous acid) Esters, amine salts of acidic (phosphorous) esters, etc.
- oil-based agents such as carboxylic acids; alkenyl succinic acid, sol Rust prevention
- the lubricating oil composition of the present invention having the above structure is excellent in low friction performance and low temperature storage stability, and does not significantly deteriorate the initial low friction even when the cutting fluid is mixed. Has excellent corrosion resistance. Therefore, it is suitably used in various applications in the field of lubricating oils that require low friction, low-temperature storage stability and corrosion resistance. In particular, the effect of the present invention is further exhibited when used as a lubricant for a sliding guide surface (sliding surface) of a machine tool or the like.
- Examples A-1 to A-8, Comparative Examples A-1 to A-4 In Examples A-1 to A-8 and Comparative Examples A-1 to A-4, lubricating oil compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2 were prepared, respectively.
- the components used for the preparation of each composition are as follows.
- the viscosity index in the present invention means a viscosity index measured according to JIS K 2283-1993.
- the saturated hydrocarbon component content is defined as “Analytical Chemistry Vol. 44, No. 6 (1972), pp.
- Lubricating base oil Base oil 1: solvent refined mineral oil VG68 (viscosity index: 101, sulfur content: 0.51% by mass, saturated hydrocarbon content: 65.6% by volume, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 68.7 mm 2 / s, flash point: Density at 248 ° C.
- A) Acidic phosphate ester A1: Mixture of mono n-octyl acid phosphate and di n-octyl acid phosphate (phosphorus content: 11.6% by mass)
- A2 Mixture of monooleyl acid phosphate and dioleyl acid phosphate (phosphorus content: 6.6% by mass)
- A3 Mono n-hexyl acid phosphate (phosphorus content: 17% by mass)
- A4 Mixture of mono-2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate and di-2-ethylhexyl acid phosphate (phosphorus content: 12.0% by mass)
- B2 diisotridecylamine
- B3 2-ethylhexylamine
- B4 oleylamine
- C sulfur compound: C1: Polysulfide (sulfur content: 22
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a friction coefficient measurement system used in a friction characteristic evaluation test.
- a table 1 and a movable jig 4 connected via a load cell 5 are arranged on a bed 6, and a weight 9 as a substitute for a processing tool is arranged on the table 1.
- Both the table 1 and the bed 6 are made of cast iron.
- the movable jig 4 has a bearing portion, and the bearing portion is connected to the A / C servo motor 2 via the feed screw 3. By operating the feed screw 3 by the A / C servo motor 2, the movable jig 4 can be reciprocated in the axial direction of the feed screw 3 (arrow direction in the figure).
- the load cell 5 is electrically connected to the computer 7, and the computer 7 and the A / C servo motor 2 are electrically connected to the control plate 8, thereby controlling the reciprocating motion of the movable jig 4 and the table 1 and the movable jig.
- the load between 4 can be measured.
- a lubricating oil composition is dropped onto the upper surface of the bed 6 and the surface pressure between the table 1 and the bed 6 is adjusted to 200 kPa by selecting the table weight 9, and then the feed rate is 0.1 mm.
- the movable jig 4 was reciprocated with a feed length of 15 mm / min.
- the friction coefficient of each lubricating oil composition is shown in Tables 1 and 2.
- Lubricating base oil Base oil 1: Poly ⁇ -olefin VG32 (viscosity index: 138, sulfur content: less than 1 ppm by mass, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 31.00 mm 2 / s, flash point: 246 ° C., density at 15 ° C .: 0.827 g / Cm 3 , nitrogen content: less than 3 ppm)
- Base oil 2 Wax isomerized base oil VG32 (viscosity index: 154, sulfur content: less than 1 ppm by mass, saturated hydrocarbon content: 99.1% by mass, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 31.10 mm 2 / s, 100 ° C.
- Base oil 3 hydrorefined base oil VG32 (viscosity index: 135, sulfur content: 0.01 mass%, saturated hydrocarbon content: 97.4 mass%, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 31.11 mm 2 / s, flammability Point: density at 246 ° C.
- Base oil 4 Poly ⁇ -olefin VG68 (viscosity index: 150, sulfur content: less than 1 ppm by mass, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 69.90 mm 2 / s, flash point: 270 ° C., density at 15 ° C .: 0.842 g / Cm 3 , nitrogen content: less than 3 ppm)
- Base oil 5 hydrorefined base oil VG68 (viscosity index: 110, sulfur content: 0.08 mass%, saturated hydrocarbon content: 76.9 mass%, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 66.09 mm 2 / s, flammability Point: density at 258 ° C., 15 ° C .: 0.869 g / cm 3 , nitrogen content: 10 ppm)
- Base oil 6 poly ⁇ -olefin
- Base oil 9 Solvent refined mineral oil VG220 (viscosity index: 95, sulfur content: 0.56 mass%, saturated hydrocarbon content: 60.1 mass%, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 215.9 mm 2 / s, flash point: (Density at 270 ° C.
- VG32, VG68, and VG220 of the base oil mean a viscosity grade according to JIS K 2001 “Industrial Lubricating Oil—ISO Viscosity Classification”.
- A Acidic phosphate ester: A1: Mixture of mono n-octyl acid phosphate and di n-octyl acid phosphate (phosphorus content: 11.6% by mass) A2: Mixture of monooleyl acid phosphate and dioleyl acid phosphate (phosphorus content: 6.6% by mass)
- B Alkylamine: B1: Di-2-ethylhexylamine and other additives: C1: Polysulfide (sulfur content: 22.0% by mass).
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Abstract
Description
式(2)中、R3及びR4は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子又は直鎖アルキル基又は直鎖アルケニル基を表し、R3及びR4の少なくとも一方は炭素数13~18の直鎖アルキル基又は直鎖アルケニル基であり;
式中、R5及びR6は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子又は炭素数4~30の分岐鎖アルキル基を表し、R5及びR6の少なくとも一方は分岐鎖アルキル基である。]
ノルマルパラフィンを含有する原料油について、水素化処理触媒を用いて水素化処理する第1工程と、
第1工程により得られる被処理物について、水素化脱ロウ触媒を用いて水素化脱ロウする第2工程と、
第2工程により得られる被処理物について、水素化精製触媒を用いて水素化精製する第3工程と
を備える。
(ガスクロマトグラフィー条件)
カラム:液相無極性カラム(長さ25cm、内径0.3mmφ、液相膜厚さ0.1μm)昇温条件:50℃~400℃(昇温速度:10℃/min)
キャリアガス:ヘリウム(線速度:40cm/min)
スプリット比:90/1
試料注入量:0.5μL(二硫化炭素で20倍に希釈した試料の注入量)
100℃における動粘度が4.5~20mm2/s、より好ましくは4.8~11mm2/s、特に好ましくは5.5~8.0mm2/sのワックス異性化基油。
40℃における動粘度が28~50mm2/s、より好ましくは29~45mm2/s、特に好ましくは30~40mm2/sのワックス異性化基油。
ρ=0.0025×kv100+0.816 (1)
[式中、kv100はワックス異性化基油の100℃における動粘度(mm2/s)を示す。]
A=4.3×kv100+100 (2)
[式中、kv100はワックス異性化基油の100℃における動粘度(mm2/s)を示す。]
R7-Sa-R8 (4)
(式中、R7は炭素数2~15のアルケニル基、R8は炭素数2~15のアルキル基またはアルケニル基を示し、aは1~8の整数を示す)
で表される化合物などを挙げることができる。この化合物は、炭素数2~15のオレフィンまたはその二~四量体を、硫黄、塩化硫黄等の硫化剤と反応させることによって得られ、該オレフィンとしては、プロピレン、イソブテン、ジイソブテンなどが好ましい。
R9-Sb-R10 (5)
(式中、R9およびR10は、それぞれ炭素数1~20のアルキル基または環状アルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数7~20のアルキルアリール基または炭素数7~20のアリールアルキル基を示し、それらは互いに同一でも異なっていてもよく、bは1~8の整数を示す)
で表される化合物である。ここで、R9およびR10がアルキル基の場合、硫化アルキルと称される。
で表される1,3,4-チアジアゾール、1,2,4-チアジアゾール化合物、1,4,5-チアジアゾールなどが好ましく用いられる。このようなチアジアゾール化合物の具体例としては、2,5-ビス(n-ヘキシルジチオ)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、2,5-ビス(n-オクチルジチオ)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、2,5-ビス(n-ノニルジチオ)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、2,5-ビス(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルジチオ)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、3,5-ビス(n-ヘキシルジチオ)-1,2,4-チアジアゾール、3,5-ビス(n-オクチルジチオ)-1,2,4-チアジアゾール、3,5-ビス(n-ノニルジチオ)-1,2,4-チアジアゾール、3,5-ビス(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルジチオ)-1,2,4-チアジアゾール、4,5-ビス(n-ヘキシルジチオ)-1,2,3-チアジアゾール、4,5-ビス(n-オクチルジチオ)-1,2,3-チアジアゾール、4,5-ビス(n-ノニルジチオ)-1,2,3-チアジアゾール、4,5-ビス(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルジチオ)-1,2,3-チアジアゾールおよびこれらの混合物などを好ましく挙げることができる。
で表される化合物が挙げられる。このようなアルキルチオカルバモイル化合物の具体例としては、ビス(ジメチルチオカルバモイル)モノスルフィド、ビス(ジブチルチオカルバモイル)モノスルフィド、ビス(ジメチルチオカルバモイル)ジスルフィド、ビス(ジブチルチオカルバモイル)ジスルフィド、ビス(ジアミルチオカルバモイル)ジスルフィド、ビス(ジオクチルチオカルバモイル)ジスルフィドおよびこれらの混合物などを好ましく挙げることができる。
で示される化合物が挙げられる。このようなアルキルチオカーバメート化合物の具体例としては、メチレンビス(ジブチルジチオカーバメート)、メチレンビス[ジ(2-エチルヘキシル)ジチオカーバメート]などを好ましく挙げることができる。
実施例A-1~A-8及び比較例A-1~A-4においては、それぞれ表1、2に示す潤滑油組成物を調製した。各組成物の調製に用いた成分は、以下のとおりである。なお、本発明でいう粘度指数とは、JIS K 2283-1993に準拠して測定された粘度指数を意味する。また、飽和炭化水素成分含有量とは、Analytical Chemistry第44巻第6号(1972)第915~919頁“Separation of High-Boiling Petroleum Distillates Using Gradient Elution Through Dual-Packed(Silica Gel-Alumina Gel) Adsorption Columns”に記載されたシリカ-アルミナゲルクロマト分析法に準拠し、但し、この方法において飽和炭化水素成分の溶出に使用されるn-ペンタンの代わりにn-へキサンを使用する方法により分取される飽和炭化水素成分の試料全量に対する質量百分率を意味する。
潤滑油基油:
基油1:溶剤精製鉱油VG68(粘度指数:101、硫黄分:0.51質量%、飽和炭化水素分:65.6容量%、40℃における動粘度:68.7mm2/s、引火点:248℃、15℃における密度:0.882g/cm3)
(A)酸性リン酸エステル:
A1:モノn-オクチルアシッドホスフェートとジn-オクチルアシッドホスフェートの混合物(リン含有量:11.6質量%)
A2:モノオレイルアシッドホスフェートとジオレイルアシッドホスフェートの混合物(リン含有量:6.6質量%)
A3:モノn-ヘキシルアシッドホスフェート(リン含有量:17 質量%)
A4:モノ2-エチルヘキシルアシッドホスフェートとジ2-エチルヘキシルアシッドホスフェートの混合物(リン含有量:12.0質量%)
(B)アルキルアミン:
B1:ジ2-エチルヘキシルアミン
B2:ジイソトリデシルアミン
B3:2-エチルヘキシルアミン
B4:オレイルアミン
(C)硫黄化合物:
C1:ポリサルファイド(硫黄含有量:22.0質量%)
C2:硫化油脂(硫黄含有量: 11.4質量%)。
図1は摩擦特性評価試験に用いた摩擦係数測定システムを示す概略構成図である。図1中、ベッド6上にはロードセル5を介して連結されたテーブル1及び可動治具4が配置されており、さらにテーブル1上には、加工工具の代用物としてのおもり9が配置されている。テーブル1及びベッド6はいずれも鋳鉄からなるものである。また、可動治具4は軸受部を有するもので、当該軸受部は送りネジ3を介してA/Cサーボモータ2に連結されている。A/Cサーボモータ2により送りネジ3を動作させることで、可動治具4を送りネジ3の軸方向(図中の矢印方向)に往復運動させることができる。さらに、ロードセル5はコンピュータ7と、コンピュータ7及びA/Cサーボモータ2はそれぞれ制御板8と電気的に接続されており、これにより可動治具4の往復運動の制御及びテーブル1と可動治具4との間の荷重の測定を行うことができる。
このような摩擦係数測定システムにおいて、ベッド6の上面に潤滑油組成物を滴下し、テーブルおもり9の選定によりテーブル1とベッド6との間を面圧200kPaに調整した後、送り速度0.1mm/min、送り長さ15mmで可動治具4を往復運動させた。このときのテーブル1と可動治具4との間の荷重をロードセル5(荷重計)により測定し、得られた測定値に基づいて案内面(テーブル1/ベッド6=鋳鉄/鋳鉄)の摩擦係数を求めた。なお、上記試験は慣らし運転を3回行った後に行った。各潤滑油組成物の摩擦係数を表1、2に示す。
潤滑油組成物500mLと水溶性切削液(エマルション型切削液、新日本石油(株)製、JISK2241「切削油剤」のW1種1号相当品、希釈率10倍)25mLとを1000mLビーカーに採取した。ビーカー中で、室温にて1分間磁気性回転子を用いて緩やかに撹拌した。撹拌後1時間静置し上層を測定試料とした。前記摩擦特性評価試験を行った結果を表1、2に示す。切削油混入時の摩擦係数が、0.110を越えた場合は許容範囲外、0.110以下であれば許容範囲内、0.09以下であれば極めて優れるものとして判定した。
潤滑油組成物500mLと水溶性切削液(エマルション型切削液、新日本石油(株)製、JISK2241「切削油剤」のW1種1号相当品、希釈率10倍)25mLとを1000mLビーカーに採取した。ビーカー中で、室温にて1分間磁気性回転子を用いて緩やかに撹拌した。撹拌後1時間静置し上層(油層)を測定試料として用い、社団法人石油学会のJPI試験法5S-38-03「潤滑油-添加元素試験方法-誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析法」に基づきP分の定量分析を行った。(試験前のリン分/試験後のリン分)X100を算出して、リン残存率(%)とした。得られた結果を表1、2に示す。
潤滑油組成物500mLと水溶性切削液(エマルション型切削液、新日本石油(株)製、JISK2241「切削油剤」のW1種1号相当品、希釈率10倍)25mLとを1000mLビーカーに採取した。ビーカー中で室温において1分間、磁気性回転子を用いて緩やかに撹拌した。撹拌後1時間静置し測定試料として用い、ガラス製ビーカーに200ml採取し、メタノールにより脱脂した7cm四方のSPC材(厚さ0.2mm、80番ダル仕上げ)を容器内に常温で浸漬した。20日経過後の試片を溶剤で洗浄した後、外観を目視により観察し気液境界における変色の有無により耐腐食性を評価した。評価基準は以下の通りである。得られた結果を表1、2に示す。
A:変色なし
B:やや変色する傾向あり
C:明らかに変色あり
実施例B-1~B-11においては、それぞれ表3、4に示す組成を有する潤滑油組成物を調製した。各潤滑油組成物の調製に用いた成分は、以下のとおりである。
潤滑油基油:
基油1:ポリα-オレフィンVG32(粘度指数:138、硫黄分:1質量ppm未満、40℃における動粘度:31.00mm2/s、引火点:246℃、15℃における密度:0.827g/cm3、窒素分:3ppm未満)
基油2:ワックス異性化基油VG32(粘度指数:154、硫黄分:1質量ppm未満、飽和炭化水素分:99.1質量%、40℃における動粘度:31.10mm2/s、100℃における動粘度:6.215mm2/s、アニリン点:124.9℃、引火点:258℃、15℃における密度:0.827g/cm3、窒素分:3ppm未満)
基油3:水素化精製基油VG32(粘度指数:135、硫黄分:0.01質量%、飽和炭化水素分:97.4質量%、40℃における動粘度:31.11mm2/s、引火点:246℃、15℃における密度:0.840g/cm3、窒素分:3ppm未満)
基油4:ポリα-オレフィンVG68(粘度指数:150、硫黄分:1質量ppm未満、40℃における動粘度:69.90mm2/s、引火点:270℃、15℃における密度:0.842g/cm3、窒素分:3ppm未満)
基油5:水素化精製基油VG68(粘度指数:110、硫黄分:0.08質量%、飽和炭化水素分:76.9質量%、40℃における動粘度:66.09mm2/s、引火点:258℃、15℃における密度:0.869g/cm3、窒素分:10ppm)
基油6:ポリα-オレフィンVG220(粘度指数:141、硫黄分:1ppm未満、40℃における動粘度:216.0mm2/s、引火点:262℃、15℃における密度:0.842g/cm3、窒素分:3ppm未満)
基油7:溶剤精製鉱油VG32(粘度指数:102、硫黄分:0.27質量%、飽和炭化水素分:67.0質量%、40℃における動粘度:31.54mm2/s、引火点:220℃、15℃における密度:0.844g/cm3、窒素分:30ppm)
基油8:溶剤精製基油VG68(粘度指数:98、硫黄分:0.62質量%、飽和炭化水素分:63.9質量%、40℃における動粘度:68.69mm2/s、引火点:252℃、15℃における密度:0.885g/cm3、窒素分:40ppm)
基油9:溶剤精製鉱油VG220(粘度指数:95、硫黄分:0.56質量%、飽和炭化水素分:60.1質量%、40℃における動粘度:215.9mm2/s、引火点:270℃、15℃における密度:0.894g/cm3、窒素分:110ppm)
なお、前記の基油のVG32、VG68、VG220の表記は、JIS K 2001「工業用潤滑油-ISO粘度分類」による粘度グレードを意味する。
(A)酸性リン酸エステル:
A1:モノn-オクチルアシッドホスフェートとジn-オクチルアシッドホスフェートの混合物(リン含有量:11.6質量%)
A2:モノオレイルアシッドホスフェートとジオレイルアシッドホスフェートの混合物(リン含有量:6.6質量%)
(B)アルキルアミン:
B1:ジ2-エチルヘキシルアミン
その他の添加剤:
C1:ポリサルファイド(硫黄含有量:22.0質量%)。
Claims (5)
- 潤滑油基油、並びに、
組成物全量基準で、(A)下記一般式(1)又は下記一般式(2)に示す酸性リン酸エステルの中から選ばれる少なくとも1種0.01~0.5質量%と、(B)下記一般式(3)に示すアルキルアミン0.01~2質量%と、の混合物及び/又は反応物
を含有し、前記(A)成分に由来する酸価が0.1~1.0mgKOH/gであることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
式(2)中、R3及びR4は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子又は直鎖アルキル基又は直鎖アルケニル基を表し、R3及びR4の少なくとも一方は炭素数13~18の直鎖アルキル基又は直鎖アルケニル基であり;
式中、R5及びR6は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子又は炭素数4~30の分岐鎖アルキル基を表し、R5及びR6の少なくとも一方は分岐鎖アルキル基である。] - 前記潤滑油基油が、粘度指数が105以上、飽和炭化水素成分が70質量%以上、硫黄分が0.2質量%以下の潤滑油基油であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 前記潤滑油基油の窒素分が10質量ppm以下であり、前記潤滑油基油の引火点が250℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 組成物全量基準で、(C)硫黄化合物0.01~5質量%を更に含有することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
- 工作機械に用いられることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油組成物。
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CN200980111047.2A CN101981170B (zh) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-03-12 | 润滑油组合物 |
US12/933,805 US20110021394A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-03-12 | Lubricant composition |
US14/279,500 US9163195B2 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2014-05-16 | Lubricant composition |
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JP2008084377A JP2009235268A (ja) | 2008-03-27 | 2008-03-27 | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2008084307A JP5473240B2 (ja) | 2008-03-27 | 2008-03-27 | 潤滑油組成物 |
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US12/933,805 A-371-Of-International US20110021394A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-03-12 | Lubricant composition |
US14/279,500 Continuation US9163195B2 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2014-05-16 | Lubricant composition |
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KR (1) | KR101560531B1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9163195B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 |
CN101981170A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
KR20100125289A (ko) | 2010-11-30 |
US20110021394A1 (en) | 2011-01-27 |
CN101981170B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
KR101560531B1 (ko) | 2015-10-15 |
US20140249060A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
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