WO2009107364A1 - 冷凍装置 - Google Patents
冷凍装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009107364A1 WO2009107364A1 PCT/JP2009/000800 JP2009000800W WO2009107364A1 WO 2009107364 A1 WO2009107364 A1 WO 2009107364A1 JP 2009000800 W JP2009000800 W JP 2009000800W WO 2009107364 A1 WO2009107364 A1 WO 2009107364A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- circuit
- heat
- heat exchanger
- hot water
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/10—Components
- C09K2205/12—Hydrocarbons
- C09K2205/126—Unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
- C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus including a refrigerant circuit that performs a refrigeration cycle.
- Patent Document 1 discloses this type of refrigeration apparatus.
- This refrigeration apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit that is filled with a refrigerant to form a closed circuit.
- a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator are connected to the refrigerant circuit.
- the compressor When the compressor is operated, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor dissipates heat to the air and is condensed by the condenser.
- the refrigerant condensed in the condenser is depressurized by the expansion valve and then evaporated by the evaporator. The evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the compressor and compressed again.
- a refrigerant having one double bond therein is used.
- This refrigerant has excellent characteristics as a refrigerant for the refrigeration cycle, and is intended to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigeration apparatus.
- COP coefficient of performance
- coolant does not contain a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, etc., and it is known that it does not contribute to destruction of an ozone layer.
- Patent Document 1 a mixed refrigerant (non-azeotropic mixing) of a refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure and another refrigerant (R-22, R-32, etc.). Refrigerant). JP-A-4-110388
- the refrigerant disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a characteristic that the theoretical COP is relatively high and the global warming potential (GWP) is low. Therefore, by using this refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle, it is possible to provide a refrigeration apparatus that has high operating efficiency and is friendly to the global environment.
- this refrigerant is a so-called low-pressure refrigerant having a relatively high boiling point, and has a characteristic that the influence of the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe tends to be large. Therefore, when this refrigerant is used, the input of the compressor or the like increases due to the effect of pressure loss in the refrigerant piping, and there is a risk that the actual operating efficiency will be reduced. In particular, when the refrigerant pipe between the compressor and the other heat exchanger becomes relatively long, the influence of the pressure loss as described above becomes more remarkable, and the operation efficiency is further deteriorated.
- the present invention has been made in view of such points, and an object thereof is to propose a refrigeration apparatus having high operating efficiency.
- the first invention is directed to a refrigeration apparatus, wherein a compressor (12), a heat source side heat exchanger (13), an expansion mechanism (15), and a use side heat exchanger (14) are connected to circulate refrigerant.
- the refrigerant circulates to perform a refrigeration cycle.
- a refrigerant having one bond (single refrigerant) or a mixed refrigerant containing this refrigerant is used.
- These refrigerants have a relatively high theoretical COP. Therefore, the refrigerant circuit (11) of the present invention can perform a refrigeration cycle having a high COP.
- the refrigerant has a relatively low global warming potential (GWP) as compared with R410A, which is the current main refrigerant, it is possible to provide a refrigeration apparatus that is friendly to the global environment.
- GWP global warming potential
- this refrigerant is a so-called low-pressure refrigerant, it is easily affected by pressure loss in the refrigerant piping of the refrigerant circuit (11).
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a). If it carries out like this, in the casing (10a), the length of the refrigerant
- a second invention is the refrigeration apparatus of the first invention, wherein the refrigerant circuit (11) is connected to the use side heat exchanger (14) via the use side heat exchanger (14), A heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) for supplying a heat exchanged heat medium to a predetermined heat utilization target (3,4, 5, 6) is provided.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) and the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) are connected via the use side heat exchanger (14).
- the refrigerant circuit (11) the refrigerant is circulated to perform a refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigerant radiates heat to the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) or absorbs heat from the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51). That is, in the use side heat exchanger (14), the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11) and the heat medium in the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) exchange heat.
- the heat medium cooled or heated by the use side heat exchanger (14) is supplied to a predetermined heat utilization target (3,4,5,6).
- the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is provided separately from the refrigerant circuit (11), and the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is used as a predetermined heat utilization target (3 , 4,5,6). Therefore, the temperature control of the predetermined heat utilization target (3,4,5,6) can be performed while shortening the piping length of the refrigerant circuit (11). As a result, the influence of the pressure loss in the refrigerant circuit (11) can be minimized, and the actual operation efficiency during the refrigeration cycle can be further improved.
- the heat exchanger (14) heats the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) by the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (11). It constitutes a heating heat exchanger (14).
- the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is heated by the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (11).
- the heated heat medium is supplied to a predetermined heat utilization target (3,4,5,6) and used for heating the heat utilization target (3,4,5,6).
- the fourth invention is characterized in that, in the refrigeration apparatus of the third invention, the heat utilization target is a hot water generator (3,4) for generating hot water.
- the heat medium heated by the heating heat exchanger (14) is supplied to the hot water generator (3,4) and used for generating hot water.
- the fifth invention is characterized in that in the refrigeration apparatus of the third invention, the heat utilization target is a floor heater (5) for heating the floor surface.
- the heat medium heated by the heating heat exchanger (14) is supplied to the floor heater (5) and used for heating the floor surface.
- the use side heat exchanger cools the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) with the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (11). It constitutes a heat exchanger (14).
- the heat medium of the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is cooled by the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (11).
- the cooled heat medium is supplied to a predetermined heat utilization target (3,4,5,6) and used for cooling the heat utilization target (6).
- the seventh invention is characterized in that, in the sixth invention, the heat utilization target is a cooler (6) for generating cold.
- the heat medium cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (14) is supplied to the cooler (6), and is used for, for example, indoor cooling or refrigeration / cooling in a warehouse.
- the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is configured such that water as a heat medium circulates. It is characterized by.
- the water in the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is heated or cooled by the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- the water heated or cooled by the heat exchanger (14) is supplied to a predetermined heat utilization target (3,4,5,6).
- a refrigerant (single refrigerant) made of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene or a mixed refrigerant containing this refrigerant is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- This refrigerant has a relatively high theoretical COP. Therefore, the theoretical COP in the refrigerant circuit (11) can be improved.
- this refrigerant has a characteristic that the global warming potential (GWP) is relatively low compared with R410A, which is the current main refrigerant, it is possible to provide a refrigeration apparatus that is friendly to the global environment.
- GWP global warming potential
- 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene is a low-pressure refrigerant and is susceptible to pressure loss.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrated in the casing (10a).
- the length of the refrigerant pipe can be shortened by housing in the housing.
- the actual operation efficiency during the refrigeration cycle can be maximized.
- the tenth invention is the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the first to ninth inventions, wherein the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11) is a mixed refrigerant further containing difluoromethane.
- a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure and difluoromethane is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- difluoromethane is a so-called high-pressure refrigerant.
- An eleventh invention is characterized in that, in the refrigeration apparatus of any one of the first to tenth inventions, the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit (11) is a mixed refrigerant further containing pentafluoroethane. .
- a mixed refrigerant containing a refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure and pentafluoroethane is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- the refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure is a slightly flammable refrigerant, but is not without the risk of ignition. Therefore, in the present invention, pentafluoroethane, which is a flame-retardant refrigerant, is added to the refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure.
- a refrigerant having one bond or a mixed refrigerant containing this refrigerant is used.
- These refrigerants have a relatively high theoretical COP, and therefore the theoretical COP of the refrigerant circuit (11) is high, so that the energy saving performance of the refrigeration apparatus can be improved.
- the refrigerant has a relatively low global warming potential (GWP) as compared with R410A, which is the current main refrigerant, it is possible to provide a refrigeration apparatus that is friendly to the global environment.
- GWP global warming potential
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a). For this reason, the length of the refrigerant pipe of the refrigerant circuit (11) can be shortened, and the influence of pressure loss can be minimized. As a result, in the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention, the actual operation efficiency can be increased and the energy saving performance of the refrigeration apparatus can be further improved.
- the piping length of the refrigerant circuit (11) can be further shortened.
- the influence of pressure loss can be further minimized, and the actual operating efficiency can be further increased.
- the casing (10a) that houses the refrigerant circuit (11) can be downsized.
- a predetermined heat utilization target (hot water generator (3,4) or floor heater (5)) can be heated by a high COP refrigeration apparatus.
- the predetermined heat utilization target (cooler (6)) can be cooled by the refrigeration apparatus having a high COP.
- the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) is constructed at a relatively low cost by circulating water as the heat medium in the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51). Can do.
- a refrigerant composed of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene or a mixed refrigerant containing this refrigerant is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- GWP global warming potential
- difluoromethane which is a so-called high-pressure refrigerant
- pentafluoroethane which is a flame retardant refrigerant
- the refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure is added to the refrigerant represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure. Therefore, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11) is difficult to burn, and the safety of the refrigeration apparatus can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of the refrigeration apparatus according to the third embodiment.
- Air conditioning unit (Heat utilization target, hot water generator) 4 Bathtub (heat utilization target, hot water generator) 5 Floor heater (target for heat utilization) 6 Air conditioning unit (Heat utilization target, Cooler) 10 Water heater (refrigerator) 10a Casing 11 Refrigerant circuit 12 Compressor 13 Air heat exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger) 14 Water heat exchanger (use side heat exchanger, water heat exchanger) 15 Expansion valve (expansion mechanism) 20 Circulation circuit (heat medium circuit) 30 Hot water circuit (heat medium circuit) 51 Air conditioning side circuit (heat medium circuit)
- the refrigeration apparatus constitutes a hot water supply apparatus (10) that uses a hot water generator such as a faucet (3) or a bathtub (4) as a heat utilization target.
- the hot water supply device (10) includes a refrigerant circuit (11), a circulation circuit (20), and a hot water utilization circuit (30).
- the refrigerant circuit (11) and the circulation circuit (20) are connected to each other via the water heat exchanger (14).
- the circulation circuit (20) and the hot water utilization circuit (30) are connected to each other via a hot water storage tank (25).
- the circulation circuit (20) and the hot water utilization circuit (30) constitute a heat medium circuit for supplying hot water as a heat medium to the heat utilization target (3,4).
- the refrigerant circuit (11) constitutes a closed circuit in which the refrigerant circulates and performs a refrigeration cycle.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is provided with a compressor (12), an air heat exchanger (13), the water heat exchanger (14), and an expansion valve (15).
- the air heat exchanger (13) is connected to the suction side of the compressor (12), and the water heat exchanger (14) is connected to the discharge side of the compressor (12).
- the expansion valve (15) is connected between the air heat exchanger (13) and the water heat exchanger (14).
- Compressor (12) is composed of an inverter type compressor with variable operating capacity.
- the air heat exchanger (13) is a cross fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger, and constitutes a heat source side heat exchanger.
- An outdoor fan (16) is provided in the vicinity of the air heat exchanger (13).
- the expansion valve (12) is an electric expansion valve with a variable opening, and constitutes an expansion mechanism.
- the water heat exchanger (14) is a plate fin type heat exchanger and constitutes a use side heat exchanger.
- the water heat exchanger (14) includes a first channel (14a) and a second channel (14b).
- the first flow path (14a) is connected to the refrigerant circuit (11), and the second flow path (14b) is connected to the circulation circuit (20). That is, the circulation circuit (20) is connected to the refrigerant circuit (11) via the water heat exchanger (14).
- the water heat exchanger (14) constitutes a heating heat exchanger that heats the water in the circulation circuit (20) with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- the laminated circuit (20) is provided in the circulation circuit (20).
- the stacking pump (21) constitutes a pump mechanism that transports and circulates water in the circulation circuit (20).
- the hot water storage tank (25) is connected to the circulation circuit (20).
- the hot water storage tank (25) is a vertically long and cylindrical sealed container.
- the hot water storage tank (25) has a water supply port (26), a hot water outlet (27), a water intake port (28), and a hot water inlet (29).
- the water supply port (26) and the water intake port (28) are formed at the bottom of the hot water storage tank (25).
- the hot water outlet (27) is formed at the top of the hot water storage tank (25).
- the hot water inlet (29) is formed near the upper part of the side wall of the hot water storage tank (25).
- One end of the circulation circuit (20) is connected to the hot water inlet (29) of the hot water storage tank (25), and the other end is connected to the water intake (28) of the hot water storage tank (25). That is, in the circulation circuit (20), the water (warm water) heated by the water heat exchanger (14) flows into the hot water storage tank (25) through the hot water inlet (29), and at the bottom of the hot water storage tank (25). Water is drawn into the stacking pump (21) through the water intake (28).
- a water supply channel (31) and a hot water supply channel (32) are formed.
- the upstream side of the water supply channel (31) is connected to a water supply source such as a water supply.
- the outflow end of the water supply channel (31) is connected to the water supply port (26) of the hot water storage tank (25).
- the inflow end of the hot water supply channel (32) is connected to the hot water outlet (27) of the hot water storage tank (25).
- the outflow side of the hot water supply channel (32) branches into two hands and is connected to the faucet side channel (33) and the bathtub side channel (34).
- the outflow end of the faucet side flow path (33) is connected to the faucet (3), and the outflow end of the bathtub side flow path (34) opens into the bathtub (4).
- a first bypass channel (35) and a second bypass channel (36) are formed in the hot water utilization circuit (30).
- the inflow ends of the first bypass channel (35) and the second bypass channel (36) are connected to the water supply channel (31), respectively.
- the outflow end of the first bypass passage (35) is connected to the faucet side passage (33) via the first mixing valve (37), and the outflow end of the second bypass passage (36) is connected to the second mixing passage (36). It connects to the bathtub side flow path (34) via the valve (38).
- the refrigerant circuit (11) described above is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a) of the heat source unit.
- the hot water utilization circuit (30), the hot water storage tank (25), the stacking pump (21), and the like are integrally accommodated in the casing (10b) of the hot water supply unit.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) of this embodiment is filled with a single refrigerant made of HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene) as the refrigerant.
- HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene)
- the chemical formula of HFO-1234yf is represented by CF 3 —CF ⁇ CH 2 .
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (12) flows through the first flow path (14a) of the water heat exchanger (14).
- the refrigerant is cooled and condensed by the water in the circulation circuit (20).
- the refrigerant condensed in the water heat exchanger (14) is depressurized by the expansion valve (15) and then flows through the air heat exchanger (13).
- the air heat exchanger (13) the refrigerant absorbs heat from the outdoor air and evaporates.
- the refrigerant evaporated in the air heat exchanger (13) is sucked into the compressor (12) and compressed again.
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the water heat exchanger (14) serves as a condenser (heat radiator) and the air heat exchanger (13) serves as an evaporator.
- the water conveyed by the stacking pump (21) flows through the second flow path (14b) of the water heat exchanger (14).
- the water flowing through the second channel (14b) is heated by the refrigerant flowing through the first channel (14a).
- the water (hot water) heated by the water heat exchanger (14) is replenished to the hot water storage tank (25).
- warm water is produced
- Hot water in the hot water storage tank (25) is supplied to the faucet (3) and the bathtub (4) through the hot water utilization circuit (30).
- a single refrigerant composed of HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene) is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11).
- HFO-1234yf has a characteristic that the theoretical COP is relatively high. Therefore, by using this refrigerant as a single refrigerant, a refrigeration cycle with excellent operating efficiency can be performed, and the operating efficiency of the hot water supply device (10) can be improved.
- HFO-1234yf has a characteristic that the global warming potential (GWP) is relatively lower than that of R410A, which is the current main refrigerant, and thus can provide a refrigeration apparatus that is friendly to the global environment.
- GWP global warming potential
- HFO-1234yf has a relatively high boiling point and constitutes a so-called low-pressure refrigerant. Therefore, when this refrigerant is used as a single refrigerant, the input of the compressor (12) increases due to the influence of the pressure loss of the refrigerant, and there is a concern that the actual operating efficiency may be lowered.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a). For this reason, the piping length of the refrigerant circuit (11) can be shortened.
- a circulation circuit (20) and a hot water utilization circuit (30) are provided separately from the refrigerant circuit (11), and water heated by the water heat exchanger (14) is used as a heat utilization target (faucet (3) And supply to the bathtub (4)).
- the length of the refrigerant pipe can be minimized.
- the influence of the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11) can be minimized, the actual operation efficiency in the refrigerant circuit (11) is lowered due to the influence of the pressure loss. Can be avoided.
- the refrigeration apparatus constitutes a floor heating apparatus (40) that uses the floor heater (5) as a heat utilization target.
- the floor heating device (40) includes a refrigerant circuit (11) and a circulation circuit (20) similar to those of the first embodiment.
- the floor heating device (40) includes a hot water use circuit (30) that is a closed circuit through which hot water circulates, and the circulation circuit (20) and the hot water use circuit (30) constitute a heat transfer circuit. Yes.
- the hot water utilization circuit (30) is provided with a floor heater (5) and a circulation pump (41).
- the circulation pump (41) is provided on the upstream side of the floor heater (5).
- the floor heater (5) is installed under the floor in the room and is configured to heat (heat) the floor with hot water.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a) of the heat source unit.
- a single refrigerant made of HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene) is used as in the first embodiment.
- water is used as a heat medium.
- the compressor (12), the stacking pump (21), and the circulation pump (41) are in an operating state.
- the same refrigeration cycle as in the first embodiment is performed, and in the circulation circuit (20), water heated by the water heat exchanger (14) is appropriately replenished into the hot water storage tank (25).
- the hot water pumped from the hot water storage tank (25) to the hot water utilization circuit (30) flows through the heat exchange section (5a) of the floor heater (5).
- the heat exchange part (5a) the heat of warm water is released to the floor surface. As a result, the floor surface is heated and the room is heated.
- Embodiment 2- since a single refrigerant composed of HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene) is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11), floor heating with high COP is performed.
- An apparatus (40) can be provided.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a), and the refrigerant circuit (11) and the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) are separated from each other. 11)
- the piping length can be minimized. Therefore, also in Embodiment 2, the influence of the pressure loss in the refrigerant pipe can be minimized, and the substantial operation efficiency of the floor heating device (40) can be improved.
- Embodiment 3 A third embodiment will be described.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention constitutes a so-called heat pump chiller type air conditioning system (50) in which a plurality of air conditioning units (6) are targeted for heat utilization.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) of the third embodiment is provided with a four-way switching valve (17).
- the four-way selector valve (17) has first to fourth ports.
- the first port is at the discharge side of the compressor (12)
- the second port is at the suction side of the compressor (12)
- the third port is at one end of the air heat exchanger (13)
- the fourth port Are connected to one end of the water heat exchanger (14), respectively.
- the four-way switching valve (17) includes a state in which the second port and the third port communicate with each other while the first port communicates with the fourth port (a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 3),
- the second port and the fourth port communicate with each other while the port and the third port communicate with each other (a state indicated by a broken line in FIG. 3).
- the air conditioning system (50) includes an air conditioning side circuit (51).
- the air conditioning side circuit (51) is connected to the second flow path (14b) of the water heat exchanger (14) to form a heat medium circuit.
- a plurality of air conditioning units (6) are connected in parallel.
- the air conditioning unit (6) is installed on the ceiling of a room such as a building.
- the air conditioning unit (6) constitutes a fan coil unit having an indoor heat exchanger and an indoor fan.
- the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a) of the heat source unit.
- refrigerant circuit (11) of the third embodiment a single refrigerant made of HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene) is used as in the above embodiments.
- air conditioning side circuit (51) water is used as a heat medium.
- each air conditioning unit (6) switches between cooling operation and heating operation.
- the four-way switching valve (17) of the refrigerant circuit (11) is in a state indicated by a broken line in FIG.
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the air heat exchanger (13) is a condenser (heat radiator) and the water heat exchanger (14) is an evaporator. That is, in the air conditioning side circuit (51), the water flowing through the second flow path (14b) of the water heat exchanger (14) is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the first flow path (14a).
- the water cooled by the water heat exchanger (14) is sent to each air conditioning unit (6).
- room air is cooled by water.
- the water heat exchanger (14) constitutes a cooling heat exchanger that cools the water in the air conditioning side circuit (51).
- Each air conditioning unit (6) constitutes a cooler for cooling indoor air.
- the four-way switching valve (17) of the refrigerant circuit (11) is in the state shown by the solid line in FIG.
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the water heat exchanger (14) is a condenser (radiator) and the air heat exchanger (13) is an evaporator. That is, in the air conditioning side circuit (51), water flowing through the second flow path (14b) of the water heat exchanger (14) is heated by the refrigerant flowing through the first flow path (14a).
- the water heated by the air heat exchanger (13) is sent to each air conditioning unit (6).
- each air conditioning unit (6) room air is heated by water.
- the water heat exchanger (14) constitutes a heating heat exchanger that heats the water in the air conditioning side circuit (51).
- Each air conditioning unit (6) constitutes a heater for heating indoor air.
- Embodiment 3- since a single refrigerant made of HFO-1234yf (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene) is used as the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (11), an air conditioning system with a high COP is used. (50) can be provided. Further, the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in the casing (10a), and the refrigerant circuit (11) and the heat medium circuit (20, 30, 51) are separated from each other, so that the refrigerant circuit ( The effect of pressure loss in 11) can be minimized, and the substantial operating efficiency of the floor heating device (40) can be improved.
- a single refrigerant other than HFO-1234yf among the refrigerants represented by the above molecular formula and having one double bond in the molecular structure may be used.
- 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoro-1-propene referred to as “HFO-1225ye”
- the chemical formula is represented by CF 3 —CF ⁇ CHF
- 1,3,3 , 3-tetrafluoro-1-propene referred to as “HFO-1234ze”
- the chemical formula is represented by CF 3 —CH ⁇ CHF
- 1,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (“HFO ⁇ 1234ye ”
- the chemical formula is CHF 2 —CF ⁇ CHF
- 3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene HFO-1243zf
- the chemical formula is CF 3 —CH ⁇ CH .. represented by 2)
- HFC-32 difluoromethane
- HFC-125 penentafluoroethane
- HFC-134 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane
- HFC-134a 1,1,1,2) -Tetrafluoroethane
- HFC-143a (1,1,1-trifluoroethane
- HFC-152a (1,1-difluoroethane
- HFC-161 fluoroethane
- HFC-227ea 1,1,1, 2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane
- HFC-236ea 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane
- HFC-236fa 1,1,1,3,3,3- Hexafluoropropane
- HFC-365mfc (1,1,1,3,
- the mixed refrigerant of HFO-1234yf and HFC-32 may have a ratio of HFO-1234yf of 70% by mass to 94% by mass and a ratio of HFC-32 of 6% by mass to 30% by mass, preferably
- the ratio of HFO-1234yf may be 77% by mass or more and 87% by mass or less, and the ratio of HFC-32 may be 13% by mass or more and 23% by mass or less. More preferably, the ratio of HFO-1234yf is 77% by mass or more and 79% by mass.
- the proportion of HFC-32 may be from 21% by mass to 23% by mass, and more preferably the proportion of HFO-1234yf is 78.2% by mass, and the proportion of HFC-32 is 21.8% by mass. % Is good.
- a mixed refrigerant of HFO-1234yf and HFC-125 may be used.
- the ratio of HFC-125 is preferably 10% by mass or more, and more preferably 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
- a mixed refrigerant composed of three components of HFO-1234yf, HFC-32, and HFC-125 may be used.
- a mixed refrigerant composed of 52% by mass of HFO-1234yf, 23% by mass of HFC-32, and 25% by mass of HFC-125 can be used.
- the refrigeration apparatus may be applied to apparatuses other than the above-described hot water supply apparatus (10), floor heating apparatus (40), and air conditioning system (50).
- the present invention is applied to, for example, a window type air conditioner in which the refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in a casing and a roof trap type or central type air conditioner that conveys cold / warm air through a duct. May be.
- the present invention may be applied to a refrigeration / refrigeration apparatus (particularly a refrigeration apparatus for cooling a refrigerator or a container such as sea transport) in which a refrigerant circuit (11) is integrally accommodated in a casing.
- the present invention may be applied to a snow melting device that melts snow with a heat medium, a chiller unit dedicated to cooling, a turbo refrigerator, or the like.
- air may be used as the heat medium.
- a water medium in which brine or an antifreeze solution is mixed to lower the freezing point may be used.
- the heat source of the refrigerant circuit is air, but it may be a water heat source or an underground heat source.
- the present invention is useful for a refrigeration apparatus that includes a refrigerant circuit that performs a refrigeration cycle and supplies hot and cold heat to a predetermined heat utilization target.
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Abstract
Description
4 浴槽(熱利用対象、温水発生器)
5 床暖房機(熱利用対象)
6 空調ユニット(熱利用対象、冷却機)
10 給湯装置(冷凍装置)
10a ケーシング
11 冷媒回路
12 圧縮機
13 空気熱交換器(熱源側熱交換器)
14 水熱交換器(利用側熱交換器、水熱交換器)
15 膨張弁(膨張機構)
20 循環回路(熱媒回路)
30 温水利用回路(熱媒回路)
51 空調側回路(熱媒回路)
本発明の実施形態1について説明する。実施形態1では、本発明に係る冷凍装置が、蛇口(3)や浴槽(4)等の温水発生器を熱利用対象とする給湯装置(10)を構成している。図1に示すように、給湯装置(10)は、冷媒回路(11)と循環回路(20)と温水利用回路(30)とを備えている。冷媒回路(11)と循環回路(20)とは、水熱交換器(14)を介して互いに接続されている。循環回路(20)と温水利用回路(30)とは、貯湯タンク(25)を介して互いに接続されている。循環回路(20)と温水利用回路(30)とは、熱媒体としての温水を熱利用対象(3,4)へ供給するための熱媒回路を構成している。
給湯装置(10)の運転動作について説明する。給湯装置(10)の運転時には、圧縮機(12)及び積層ポンプ(21)が運転状態となる。その結果、冷媒回路(11)では、冷媒が循環して蒸気圧縮式冷凍サイクルが行われる。
本実施形態では、冷媒回路(11)の冷媒として、HFO-1234yf(2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロ-1-プロペン)から成る単一冷媒を用いている。ここで、HFO-1234yfは、理論上のCOPが比較的高い特性を有する。従って、この冷媒を単一冷媒とすることで、運転効率の優れた冷凍サイクルを行うことができ、給湯装置(10)の運転効率を向上できる。更に、HFO-1234yfは、地球温暖化係数(GWP)が現行の主要冷媒であるR410Aに比べて比較的低い特性を有するので、地球環境に優しい冷凍装置を提供することができる。
実施形態2について説明する。実施形態2では、本発明に係る冷凍装置が、床暖房機(5)を熱利用対象とする床暖房装置(40)を構成している。図2に示すように、床暖房装置(40)は、上記実施形態1と同様の冷媒回路(11)及び循環回路(20)を備えている。また、床暖房装置(40)は、温水が循環する閉回路となる温水利用回路(30)を備えており、循環回路(20)と温水利用回路(30)とが熱媒回路を構成している。
実施形態2の床暖房装置(40)の運転動作時には、圧縮機(12)と積層ポンプ(21)と循環ポンプ(41)とが運転状態となる。冷媒回路(11)では、上記実施形態1と同様の冷凍サイクルが行われ、循環回路(20)では、水熱交換器(14)で加熱された水が貯湯タンク(25)内へ適宜補充される。また、貯湯タンク(25)から温水利用回路(30)へ汲み上げられた温水は、床暖房機(5)の熱交換部(5a)を流通する。熱交換部(5a)では、温水の熱が床面に放出される。その結果、床の表面が加熱され、室内の暖房が行われる。
上記実施形態2においても、冷媒回路(11)の冷媒としてHFO-1234yf(2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロ-1-プロペン)から成る単一冷媒を用いているので、高COPの床暖房装置(40)を提供することができる。また、冷媒回路(11)をケーシング(10a)内に一体的に収容し、且つ冷媒回路(11)と熱媒回路(20,30,51)とを別の回路とすることで、冷媒回路(11)の配管長さを必要最小限に抑えることができる。従って、実施形態2においても、冷媒配管での圧力損失の影響を最小化でき、床暖房装置(40)の実質的な運転効率を向上できる。
実施形態3について説明する。実施形態3では、本発明に係る冷凍装置が複数の空調ユニット(6)を熱利用対象とする、いわゆるヒートポンプ式チラー式の空調システム(50)を構成している。
空調システム(50)では、各空調ユニット(6)で冷房運転と暖房運転とが切り換えて行われる。
上記実施形態3においても、冷媒回路(11)の冷媒としてHFO-1234yf(2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロ-1-プロペン)から成る単一冷媒を用いているので、高COPの空調システム(50)を提供することができる。また、冷媒回路(11)を一体的にケーシング(10a)内に収容し、且つ冷媒回路(11)と熱媒回路(20,30,51)とを別の回路とすることで、冷媒回路(11)での圧力損失の影響を最小化でき、床暖房装置(40)の実質的な運転効率を向上できる。
上記実施形態は、以下のように構成してもよい。
Claims (11)
- 圧縮機と熱源側熱交換器と膨張機構と利用側熱交換器とが接続されて冷媒が循環して冷凍サイクルが行われる冷媒回路と、
上記冷媒回路を一体的に収容するケーシングとを備え、
上記冷媒回路の冷媒は、分子式:C3HmFn(但し、m及びnは1以上5以下の整数で、m+n=6の関係が成立する。)で表され、且つ分子構造中に二重結合を1個有する冷媒、又は該冷媒を含む混合冷媒であることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項1において、
上記利用側熱交換器を介して上記冷媒回路に接続されて、該利用側熱交換器で冷媒と熱交換した熱媒体を所定の熱利用対象へ供給するための熱媒回路を備えていることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項2において、
上記利用側熱交換器は、上記冷媒回路の冷媒によって上記熱媒回路の熱媒体を加熱する加熱熱交換器を構成していることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項3において、
上記熱利用対象は、温水を発生する温水発生機であることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項3において、
上記熱利用対象は、床面を加熱する床暖房機であることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項2において、
上記利用側熱交換器は、上記冷媒回路の冷媒によって上記熱媒回路の熱媒体を冷却する冷却熱交換器を構成していることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項6において、
上記熱利用対象は、冷熱を発生する冷却機であることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項2乃至7のいずれか1つにおいて、
上記熱媒回路は、熱媒体としての水が循環するように構成されていることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1つにおいて、
上記分子式:C3HmFn(但し、m及びnは1以上5以下の整数で、m+n=6の関係が成立する。)で表され、且つ分子構造中に二重結合を1個有する冷媒は、2,3,3,3-テトラフルオロ-1-プロペンであることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項9において、
上記冷媒回路の冷媒は、さらにジフルオロメタンを含む混合冷媒であることを特徴とする冷凍装置。 - 請求項10において、
上記冷媒回路の冷媒は、さらにペンタフルオロエタンを含む混合冷媒であることを特徴とする冷凍装置。
Priority Applications (6)
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BRPI0906025 BRPI0906025B1 (pt) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-24 | aparelho de refrigeração |
ES09715074T ES2634625T5 (es) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-24 | Aparato de refrigeración |
CN2009801047695A CN101946135B (zh) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-24 | 制冷装置 |
EP09715074.2A EP2246649B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-24 | Refrigerating apparatus |
US12/866,566 US20100326129A1 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-24 | Refrigeration apparatus |
BR122019017243-9A BR122019017243B1 (pt) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-24 | Aparelho de refrigeração |
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JP2008-105821 | 2008-04-15 | ||
JP2008105821A JP2009257652A (ja) | 2008-02-29 | 2008-04-15 | 冷凍装置 |
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EP (1) | EP2246649B2 (ja) |
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- 2009-02-24 CN CN2009801047695A patent/CN101946135B/zh not_active Ceased
- 2009-02-24 ES ES09715074T patent/ES2634625T5/es active Active
- 2009-02-24 US US12/866,566 patent/US20100326129A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-24 EP EP09715074.2A patent/EP2246649B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-24 BR BR122019017243-9A patent/BR122019017243B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2009-02-24 WO PCT/JP2009/000800 patent/WO2009107364A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-02-24 BR BRPI0906025 patent/BRPI0906025B1/pt active IP Right Grant
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JP2019214725A (ja) * | 2009-09-11 | 2019-12-19 | アルケマ フランス | 二元冷却流体 |
US10358592B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2019-07-23 | Arkema France | Heat transfer method |
JP2013504639A (ja) * | 2009-09-11 | 2013-02-07 | アルケマ フランス | 低温および中温での冷却 |
JP2013504638A (ja) * | 2009-09-11 | 2013-02-07 | アルケマ フランス | 二元冷却流体 |
US10858562B2 (en) | 2009-09-11 | 2020-12-08 | Arkema France | Binary refrigerating fluid |
CN104388048A (zh) * | 2009-09-11 | 2015-03-04 | 阿克马法国公司 | 二元制冷液 |
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JP2017193711A (ja) * | 2009-09-11 | 2017-10-26 | アルケマ フランス | 二元冷却流体 |
US20110219794A1 (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2011-09-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Apparatus using refrigerant, and method for installing apparatus using refrigerant |
CN102770715A (zh) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-11-07 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 空气调节装置 |
US8844301B2 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2014-09-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Air-conditioning apparatus |
US9574124B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2017-02-21 | Arkema France | Heat-transfer fluid for a centrifugal compressor |
US10450489B2 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2019-10-22 | Arkema France | Heat-transfer fluid for a centrifugal compressor |
US9005468B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2015-04-14 | Arkema France | Heat-transfer fluids and use thereof in countercurrent heat exchangers |
US10308854B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2019-06-04 | Arkema France | Heat-transfer fluids and use thereof in countercurrent heat exchangers |
US9683154B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2017-06-20 | Arkema France | Heat-transfer fluids and use thereof in countercurrent heat exchangers |
US10858564B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2020-12-08 | Arkema France | Heat-transfer fluids and use thereof in countercurrent heat exchangers |
WO2011141656A2 (fr) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-17 | Arkema France | Fluides de transfert de chaleur et leur utilisation dans des echangeurs de chaleur a contre-courant |
WO2011141654A2 (fr) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-11-17 | Arkema France | Fluides de transfert de chaleur et leur utilisation dans des echangeurs de chaleur a contre-courant |
US9315706B2 (en) | 2010-09-20 | 2016-04-19 | Arkema France | 3,3,3-trifluoropropene compositions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2634625T5 (es) | 2024-04-26 |
EP2246649B2 (en) | 2023-10-25 |
EP2246649A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 |
JP2009257652A (ja) | 2009-11-05 |
EP2246649B1 (en) | 2017-07-19 |
CN101946135B (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
ES2634625T3 (es) | 2017-09-28 |
BRPI0906025B1 (pt) | 2019-11-26 |
US20100326129A1 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
BR122019017243B1 (pt) | 2021-06-15 |
BRPI0906025A2 (pt) | 2018-05-29 |
EP2246649A4 (en) | 2014-07-16 |
CN101946135A (zh) | 2011-01-12 |
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